Micro project Report format

Title of Micro-Project : Test Performance of the given photo-diode (detector ) use LED
as an Optical source.

1.0: Rationale : Why you selected this topic ?

This topic was chosen due to its relevance in various fields such as
telecommunications, sensing technology, and instrumentation. Photodiodes are
fundamental components in optical detection systems, converting light signals
into electrical signals. Understanding their performance characteristics is crucial
for optimizing system sensitivity, speed, and accuracy. By focusing on the
photodiode's behavior with an LED optical source, we aim to explore practical
applications where these components are commonly utilized. Additionally, this
project offers hands-on experience in experimental methodologies, data
analysis, and optimization techniques, which are valuable skills in scientific
research and engineering disciplines. Moreover, by delving into the intricacies
of photodiode operation, we can address challenges such as noise reduction,
signal integrity, and system reliability, contributing to advancements in optical
technology. Overall, this topic presents an opportunity to deepen our
understanding of photodiode-based detection systems and their potential impact
on various technological domains.

2.0 Importance of project ( in about 30 to 50 words ) :

This project is crucial as it provides insights into optimizing photodiode

performance, enhancing sensitivity, speed, and reliability in optical detection
systems. Such improvements are vital for advancing technologies like
telecommunications, sensing, and instrumentation, ultimately benefiting various
industries and applications.
3.0:Aims/Benefits of Micro project : This micro project aims to characterize the
performance of a photodiode as a detector using an LED as the optical source. It
involves sensitivity analysis, response time measurement, linearity testing, dark
current measurement, frequency response analysis, and noise characterization. By
assessing these parameters, we gain insights into the photodiode's sensitivity,
speed, linearity, noise level, and frequency response, crucial for various
applications such as optical communication, sensing, and instrumentation.
Optimization techniques may also be explored to enhance the photodiode's
performance. This project provides valuable understanding and optimization
strategies for utilizing photodiodes effectively in optical detection systems
4.0: Course outcomes Addressed :
a) Interpret the functions of the various blocks of optical fiber communication system.
b) Measure the optical fiber cable parameters.
c) Select relevant architecture of optical networks for the given application.
d) Select uplink and downlink frequencies for various satellite services.
e) Maintain Satellite services.

6.0 Literarture Review: Information search.

Photodiode Characteristics: Start by reviewing the literature on

photodiode specifications, including sensitivity, response time, dark current, and
spectral response. Understanding these characteristics will help you interpret the
test results accurately.
LED Characteristics: Similarly, explore literature on LED characteristics such
as emission wavelength, power output, and beam divergence. This information
is crucial for selecting an appropriate LED for your experiment.
Calibration Techniques: Investigate methods for calibrating both the photodiode
and the LED to ensure accurate measurements. This may involve using
calibrated light sources, integrating spheres, or reference detectors.
Measurement Setup: Review literature on experimental setups for testing
photodiode performance. This could include details on optical alignment,
electrical connections, and environmental controls to minimize noise and ensure
reproducibility.
Testing Procedures: Look for established testing procedures for characterizing
photodiodes, such as measuring responsivity, quantum efficiency, linearity, and
noise characteristics. These procedures will guide you in designing your
experimental protocol.
Data Analysis Techniques: Explore literature on data analysis techniques for
processing the raw output from the photodiode. This may involve signal
conditioning, noise filtering, and curve fitting to extract meaningful
performance metrics.
Applications and Case Studies: Seek out examples of photodiode-LED systems
in real-world applications. Understanding how these devices are used in practice
can provide insights into performance requirements and potential challenges.
7.0: Action Plan : Sequence and time required for major activity )
Week.NO Plan start date Plan end Date Details of Activity Name of Team memebers
1 01/01/2024 06/01/2024 Select group Suhas korade
2 08/01/2024 13/01/2024 Select group --------||----------

3 15/01/2024 20/01/2024 Topic selection of microproject. --------||----------

4 22/01/2023 27/01/2024 Topic selection of microproject --------||----------

5 29/01/2024 03/02/2024 Topic selection of microproject --------||----------
6 05/02/2024 10/02/2024 Prepar a proposal of Microproject --------||----------
7 12/02/2024 17/02/2024 Information search related to --------||----------
topic.
8 19/02/2024 24/02/2024 Information search related to --------||----------
topic.
9 26/02/2024 02/03/2024 Information search related to --------||----------
topic.
10 04/03/2024 09/03/2024 establish network --------||----------
11 11/03/2024 16/03/2024 establish network. --------||----------
12 18/03/2024 23/03/2024 List all specifications of device. --------||----------

13 25/03/2024 30/03/2024 List all specifications of device.. --------||----------

14 01/04/2024 06/04/2024 List all specifications of device.. --------||----------

15 08/04/2024 13/04/2024 Report writing . --------||----------

16 15/04/2024 20/04/2024 Report writing . --------||----------

8.0 : Resources required :

Led, Photodiode, etc

9.0 : Actual Methododlogy Followed.( procedure in brief that will be followed to do

the micro project :

Experimental Setup Design: Design the experimental setup considering factors such as
optical alignment, electrical connections, and environmental controls. Ensure that the
photodiode is positioned to receive the light emitted by the LED accurately.

Selection of Photodiode and LED: Choose a photodiode with suitable characteristics for your
application, such as wavelength sensitivity and responsivity. Similarly, select an LED with an
emission wavelength compatible with the photodiode and appropriate power output.
Calibration: Calibrate both the photodiode and the LED to ensure accurate measurements.
This may involve using calibrated light sources, reference detectors, or known standards to
establish a baseline for comparison.

Characterization Measurements: Perform various characterization measurements on the

photodiode, including

Responsivity: Measure the photodiode's response to light at different wavelengths and

intensities.

Quantum Efficiency: Determine the efficiency of the photodiode in converting incident

photons into electrical current.

Dark Current: Measure the current generated by the photodiode in the absence of light to
assess noise levels.

LED Performance Testing: Evaluate the performance of the LED by measuring its optical
power output, beam divergence, and spectral characteristics. Ensure that the LED is operating
within its specified parameters.

Signal Acquisition and Analysis: Use appropriate instrumentation to capture the output signal
from the photodiode, such as a digital multimeter or an oscilloscope. Analyze the data to
extract relevant performance metrics, such as signal-to-noise ratio and response time.

Data Processing and Interpretation: Process the raw data obtained from the measurements,
applying any necessary corrections or filtering techniques. Compare the experimental results
with theoretical predictions or manufacturer specifications to validate the performance of the
photodiode

Repeatability and Error Analysis: Repeat the measurements multiple times to assess the
repeatability of the results and identify sources of error. Take steps to minimize experimental
uncertainties and ensure the reliability of the findings.

Documentation and Reporting: Document the experimental procedures, results, and analysis
in a comprehensive report or research paper. Clearly communicate the methodology
followed, the experimental findings, and any conclusions drawn from the study.

To be approved by concerned teacher