13–29.

If the Laval nozzle is open to the atmosphere

20 mm
where the absolute pressure is 102 kPa, determine the
required pressure of the air in the tank so that isentropic
subsonic flow occurs through the divergent section of the
30 mm
nozzle. The nozzle has an outer diameter of 30 mm and the
throat has a diameter of 20 mm.

Try this example using the tables as well

SOLUTION
The flow is considered to be compressible and isentropic. The ratio of the cross-
sectional area of exit plane to that of throat is

A p10.015 m2 2
= = 2.25
A*
p10.01 m2 2
For isentropic subsonic flow to occur through the divergent portion of the nozzle,
M 6 1 at the exit plane and backpressure is p3 = patm = 102 kPa. Here, k = 1.40
for air.
k+1

1k - 12 M2
1 21k - 12
1 +
A
≥ ¥
1 2
=
1k + 12
A* M 1
2
1.40 + 1

11.40 - 12 M2
1 211.40 - 12
1 +
≥ ¥
1 2
2.25 =
11.40 + 12
M 1
2

1 1 + 0.2 M2 3
2.25 = a b
M 1.2

Solving and choose M 6 1 (subsonic), or with the aid of compressible flow

calculator, M = 0.2685. Then,
k
k - 1 2 k-1
p0 = p3 a1 + M b
2
1.40
1.40 - 1
= 1102 kPa2 c 1 + a b 10.26852 2 d
1.40 - 1

2
= 107.24 kPa = 107 kPa Ans.

Ans:
p0 = 107 kPa

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