FORMATIVE RESEARCH ACCOUNTING PROGRAM

PUBLISHES
ACADEMIC ESSAY

MATTER: 1221020 INTRODUCCION A LA CONTADURIA ASEMESTER ENROLLED: 01

CODE LASTNAMES AND NAMES:

TITLE: PRACTICAL WORK ESSAY

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:

In this essay I will express what I learned at the time of carrying out the practical work

Conformation of the company, in my case; Commercial cooperative.

I intend to briefly and concisely express the most important aspects that must be taken into

account when deciding to form and set up a company of any kind, whether it be people, capital, de

facto company or the decentralized public sector.

 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM:

In the practical work, different topics were addressed, including: the need to associate,

inquiring about each of the companies, their characteristics in terms of company name, legal aspects,

number of partners, capital, organization, tax review and its liquidation.

In addition, the forms that every person must fill out at the time of forming a company were

used. First of all, the deed of incorporation must be made, then the application form must be filled out

to obtain the Nit del Rut before the DIAN. Then the commercial registration form in the chamber of

commerce. With all these requirements ready, we proceed to fill in the missing forms for the formation

of the company, which are the following: registration of the accounting books in the chamber of

commerce, obtaining the operating license, registration of industry and commerce, employer affiliation

to health, pension and severance funds, and affiliation to the family compensation fund. And finally,

the Internal Work Regulations that allow managing the organizational culture because it promotes or

prohibits certain labor behaviors, and is also proof that the company complies with what the Law

requires.

To finish the practical work, the accounting process and bookkeeping will be developed.

Likewise, the different types of financial statements were analyzed, among which are: balance sheet,

income statement, cash flow statement, statement of changes in equity and notes to the financial

statements. The subject of tax declarations was finalized, which consist of a document in which all

taxpayers express those activities carried out, in order to be accountable to the State.
 DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOPIC:

THEORETICAL CONTRIBUTIONS:

The company emerged with independent merchants, artisan workshops and guilds during the

Ancient Age and began to consolidate as large companies after the bourgeois revolutions and the fall of

the monarchy in the world. In this way, the merchants expanded their businesses and bought the means

of production and the craft workshops.

Carrying out a company is always hard work, regardless of the type of business, or the time. We

live in a time dominated by young technology companies that are barely a couple of decades old. But in

the world there are thousands of companies with more than a century of history. About 10,000 are over

two hundred years old. Although only a privileged group of just 15 companies, they have been able to

overcome the millennium. A thousand years of life in which they have overcome wars, plagues,

catastrophes, and many other difficulties. As it is easy to guess, none of them is a technology company.

By its very changing nature, technology does not facilitate the longevity of companies. Most

technologies are born and die in the same century, because evolution is constant. Even so, some have

managed to exceed one hundred years of life. IBM, for example, was founded in 1911. Samsung, in

1938. Nokia dates back to 1865, and Nintendo was born in 1889.

In their early years they were not dedicated to the products they manufacture now. Samsung

sold dried fish and fruit, IBM went on to make weapons in World War II, and Nokia sold…toilet paper.
DISCUSSION OF THE TOPIC:

Defining “company” is not easy, since there are circumstances that make it difficult to offer a

definition of what business reality represents. In the first place, the modern company has nothing to do

with the primitive one at the end of feudalism. The second comes from the dynamic and changing

nature of the company. Finally, as it is an organization that groups people together with material or

immaterial elements, there are multiple ways of understanding it.

The Company is an economic unit of production of goods and services. The Company is the unit

of the market economy of the capitalist economy, in which most of the developed countries are

immersed, introduced in the social world. In addition, the Company is an economic unit that generates

wealth, jobs, research, development and innovation.

The company suffers what is called Patrimonial Growth, where it increases its productive

capacity through investments. This is a process of internal expansion that allows the company to

develop new products and, consequently, enter new markets.

The objectives of companies are not only economic, but also social, because the company is

becoming a larger conglomerate that is influencing more of society as a whole, that is, the management

style and the relations of a company with your employees influence society: schedules, benefit policies,

social policies.
PERSONAL CONTRIBUTIONS:

It is evident that the formation of a company in Colombia, regardless of its type, involves a large

number of steps, which turn out to be somewhat tedious, but it is not possible to form a company

overnight. It is clear that a company will not be formed from one day to the next, it is a process of steps

which must be carried out with patience if you really want to form a company.

When creating a company, I consider that the main thing would be to associate with people who

have the same objectives as us. And associationism is the key to success, since there are challenges that

can only be addressed collectively, evolving as the market evolves is impossible individually and as

they say over there, union is strength.

To set up a commercial type cooperative, it is necessary to inquire very well about the different

suppliers, in order to meet the expectations of the clients. A commercial cooperative is one where the

trade is presented in a united way to buy in common, in this particular case it refers to the fact that the

partners are owners of lucrative businesses, associated for another economic activity through the use of

the cooperative model. Local merchants, overwhelmed by the ruthless competition of the large

transnational commercial chains, have made cooperativism an option that allows them to compete and

better serve the needs of their communities. The cooperative model makes it possible for native

commerce to continue operating.

 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES:

⎯ Balance sheet https://economipedia.com/definiciones/balance-de-situacion.html

⎯ Cooperative share capital https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_social_cooperativo

⎯ Concept, origin and evolution of the company: Theories of the company

https://cursos.clavijero.edu.mx/cursos/151_iee/modulo1/contenido/tema1.1.html

⎯ Tips for starting a business https://www.consumer.es/economia-

domestica/trabajo/consejos-para-crear-una-empresa.html

⎯ Cooperatives of Various Types

https://cdcoop.pr.gov/DesarrolloCooperativo/Pages/Cooperativas-de-Tipos-

Diversos.aspx

⎯ Definition of accounting information system https://acortar.link/BEbd5q

Statement of changes in Equity

https://www.gerencie.com/estado-de-cambios-en-el-patrimonio.html

⎯ Statement of cash flows https://www.gerencie.com/estado-de-flujos-de-efectivo.html

⎯ Accounting Glossary https://www.plangeneralcontable.com/?tit=glosario-

contabilidad&name=Glosario&op=list_content&eid=3

⎯ Financial reports: what they are and what advantages they bring to companies
 https://www.bizneo.com/blog/informes-financieros/

⎯ The Importance of Creating a Company in a World of Limited Job Opportunities

https://acortar.link/yijQYF

⎯ Notes to the financial statements https://www.gerencie.com/objetivo-de-las-notas-a-los-

estados-financieros.

⎯ Origin and evolution of companies https://acortar.link/jjiFHR

⎯ Why join? https://agasca.net/asociate/por-que-asociarse/

⎯ Footwear project.PDF https://es.slideshare.net/arsenio7/proyecto-calzadopdf

Recommendations to successfully start your company https://www.emprendices.co/4-

recomendaciones-para-iniciar-con-exito-tu-empresa/

⎯ Commercial registration and registration https://www.ccb.org.co/Preguntas-

frecuentes/Registros-Publicos/En-que-consiste-el-Registro-y-o-la-Matricula-Mercantil

⎯ Society of fact https://www.notaria19bogota.com/sociedad-de-hecho/

⎯ What are tax returns? https://www.misabogados.com.co/blog/que-son-las-declaraciones-

tributarias

⎯ 17 accounting terms that every freelancer, entrepreneur or small business owner should

know https://acortar.link/GMZ91f