Motivation and emotions Cheat Sheet

by tanya goswamy via cheatography.com/144322/cs/30969/

Motivation NEED AND DRIVE (cont) instincts and evolut​ionary MCCLELLAND THEORY (cont)
approach (cont)
what is motivation for self-e​steem. Power is The indivi​duals
motivation is the process by The Instinct Theory of Motivation the motivated by needs
A drive is a psycho​logical state
which activities are started suggests that all organisms are ability to for achiev​ement
of arousal that compels humans
directed and maintained so that evolut​ion​arily “progr​ammed” in induce usually have a
to take action to
physical and psycho​logical ways that help them survive. or strong desire of
restore their homeos​tatic
needs are met. They’re born with traits that influence setting up difficult
balance. When balance is
cause them to behave in certain the objectives and
TYPES OF MOTIVATION restored, the drive is reduced.
way naturally. These “natural behavior accomp​lishing
Examples are primary and
Extrinsic motivation involves
behaviors” are referred to as of them. Their
secondary drives.The strength
completing a task or exhibiting a
instincts, and these instincts are others. preference is to
of the drive is determined upon
behavior because of outside
what drive all behaviors. The work in a result​s-o​‐
the length of the depriv​ati​on,or
causes such as avoiding
people riented work enviro​‐
the intensity / strength of the
punishment or receiving a
approaches based on psycho​‐ with high nment and always
resulting behaviou
reward.
logical needs power appreciate any
Intrinsic motivation : involves needs feedback on their
approaches to motivation
performing a task because it's seek work. Achiev​eme​‐
personally rewarding to you MCCLELLAND THEORY high- nt-​based indivi​duals
level take calculated
instincts and evolut​ionary Need Need For Affili​ation
NEED AND DRIVE positions risks to reach their
approach for The need for affili​ation
Needs are a kind of natural in the goals and may
Power is the urge of a person
instincts and evolut​ionary organi​‐ circumvent both
mental progra​mming that make (n- to have interp​ersonal
approach zation, high-risk and low-
us want pow) and social relati​onships
things. They essent​ially motivate focused on the biolog​ically so as to risk situat​ions.
with others or a
us into action as a stimulated determined and innate patterns exercise
particular set of people.
need leads to the inner of behaviour called instincts influence
They seek to work in
tension that drives us into action william Mcdougall proposed 18 and
groups by creating
.Needs can be objective and instincts for humans control
friendly and lasting
physical, such over
this approach explained the role relati​onships and have
as food and water, or they can others.
of hereditary in human the urge to be liked by
be subjective and psycho​log​ical, behaviors others. They tend to efinition: McClel​land’s Needs
such as the need like collab​orating with Theory was proposed by a
others to competing psycho​logist David McClel​land,
with them and usually who believed that the specific
avoids high-risk needs of the individual are
situations and uncert​‐ acquired over a period of time
ainty and gets molded with one’s
experience of the life. McClel​‐
land’s Needs Theory is
sometimes referred to as Three
Need theory or Learned Needs
Theory.

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 Motivation and emotions Cheat Sheet
by tanya goswamy via cheatography.com/144322/cs/30969/

drive reduction theory
A need is a state of depriv​ation
or defici​ency. A drive is a state
of bodily tension such as hunger
or thirst that arises from an
unmet needs. The satisf​action of
a drive is called drive reduction
Drive theory is based on the
principle of homeos​tasis, the
tendency of the body to maintain
a steady internal state.
According to drive theory when
carol dweks's self theory of
motivation
Mindset Theory (MT), basically
states that people hold one of
two mindsets about intell​igence:
a) an entity or fixed mindset, or
b) an increm​ental or growth
mindset. Entity theorists view
intell​igence as a fixed trait that is
predet​ermined by nature. On the
other hand, increm​ental
theorists perceive intell​igence
carol dweks's self theory of
motivation (cont)
people with a fixed mindset will
tend to choose ability goals,
goals which focus on demons​‐
trating ability. People choosing
ability goals will tend to attribute
failure as and indication of lack
of ability. When experi​encing
lack of ability people will tend to
feel shame and loss of interest
which will make it more likely

homeos​tasis is disturbed, drives as a malleable and expandable they will disengage from the

activate the behaviour needed to trait that can be developed. task.

restore a steady balance.
Primary drives are drives that
arise from biological needs.(​Ex​‐
ample: Rana has primary drives
for obtaining food, water, and
warmth. These are basic
biological needs. ii) Secondary
drives are learned through
operant or classical condit​ioning.
Humans learn drives that prompt
them to obtain objects that are
associated with the reduction of
a primary drive. (Example: Rana
lives in Shimla. He has learned
that it is necessary to pay his
power bill on time (secondary
drive) in order to stay warm
(primary drive) during the winter.
The model says that people with
a growth mindset tend to choose
learning goals, which focus on
the develo​pment of compet​ence.
Learning goals, then, tend to
lead to effort attrib​ution which
means that failure will be seen
as having not put in enough
effective effort. This effort attrib​‐
ution will lead to sustained
interest and persis​tence

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