HUMAN RIGHTS

HVPE Presentation
BRANCH-ITE
Pradyumn Pandey
Adnan Khan
Gaurav Gahlot
Shailesh
Nipun
Ashish Nehra
Anshul Gupta
Shubham Sarkar
Viresh Gupta
Akhil Kumar
PRESENTATION
STRUCTURE
Our agenda this morning

What are Human Rights?

Origin & classification

Basic Human Rights

Human Rights in India

Violation of Human Rights

 WHAT ARE
HUMAN RIGHTS

Human rights are standards that recognize

and protect the dignity of all human beings.
 "ALL HUMAN, ALL
EQUAL"
It means each and every person on
the earth has equal rights and bound
by the religion of humanity.
Human rights govern how individual human beings live in
society and with each other, as well as their relationship
with the State and the obligations that the State have
towards them.
-UNICEF
DEFINITION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS
"Human Rights refer to the concept of human beings having
universal natural rights, or status, regardless of legal
jurisdiction or other localizing, such as ethnicity,
nationality, and sex."
 IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN
RIGHTS
Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every
person in the world, from birth until death.

1 2 3
Empower Individuals They embody key Human rights provide a
by enabling the people values in our society universal standard that
to stop poor treatment such as fairness, holds governments
from happening or dignity, and respect & accountable.
address it when it hence uplift the
does happen. society.
 CHARACTERISTICS
OF HUMAN RIGHTS

Human rights are Human Rights are Human Rights are in Human rights are Human Rights are
universal and Essential and connection with irrevocable. Necessary for the
inalienable. Necessary human dignity fulfillment of purpose
of life.
DO YOU THINK
HUMAN RIGHTS
ARE A RECENT
CONCEPT?
Human rights are not a
recent invention.
Throughout history, concepts of
ethical behavior, justice, and human
dignity have been important in the
development of human societies.
These ideas can be traced back to
the ancient civilizations of Babylon,
China and India.
 LOOKING THROUGH
HISTORY, WE FIND MANY
TRACES OF THE CONCEPT
Be it the Sikh leader Guru Gobind Singh
OF HUMAN RIGHTS. who proclaimed “recognize all the
human race as one”

Or

16th century Hindu Philosopher

Chaitanya who ideated “There is only
one caste –humanity”.
CONTEMPORARY MODEL OF
HUMAN RIGHTS
Followed a course of numerous
revolutions, protests, conventions, and
acts.
After the historical events including the Geneva Convention,
International Labour Organisation, Slavery convention, etc.
Today
The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) is a
United Nations body whose mission is to promote and
protect human rights around the world.
 TWO MAIN
CLASSIFICATIONS

Economic, social, and Civil and

cultural rights political rights
Economic, social, and cultural rights include the Civil and political rights include the right to life,
right to work, the right to food and water, the right freedom of expression, the right to privacy, the
to housing, and the right to education, etc. right to asylum, etc.
 BASIC
HUMAN RIGHTS

Right to Life Right to Equal Treatment

The right to life is the belief that a being has the The Principle of Equal Treatment is based on
right to live and, in particular, should not be killed ensuring all people have the right to receive the
by another entity, including a government. same treatment and not to be discriminated
against regardless of position, age, disability, sex,
race and religion.
 BASIC
HUMAN RIGHTS

Right to Privacy Right to Freedom of

The right to privacy is an element of various legal
Thought & Opinion
traditions that intends to restrain governmental
Every person has the right to hold opinions, follow
and private actions that threaten the privacy of
a religion they want and change their beliefs.
individuals.
 BASIC
HUMAN RIGHTS

Right to Education Right to Work

The right to education gives one the right to get This right encompasses a variety of work-related
educated. The UDHR states that education must concerns, which means everyone has the right to
be free till elementary school. work but also has the right to work in favourable
conditions.
HUMAN RIGHTS IN
INDIA
Human rights in India is an issue complicated by the
country's large size, its tremendous diversity.
Hence, they adopted a pragmatic approach by providing Fundamental
rights, which include Freedom of Religion, Freedom of Speech, as well as
separation of executive and judiciary, and freedom of movement within
the country and abroad.
45 YEARS
On 10th December 1948, India along with
47 other countries signed the UDHR
Charter at UN.
However, it 45 took years for India to have an independent body
working towards protecting the Human Rights of the people.

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) of India is a

statutory public body constituted on 12 October 1993.

The NHRC is responsible for the protection and promotion of

human rights.
 Human Rights Institutions in
India
National Human rights commission (NHRC)

INSTITUTIONS State Human Rights Commission

NGOs related to NHRC

PROTECTING
HUMAN RIGHTS International Institutions for
Human Rights
The United Nations Human Rights Council
(UNHRC)
Global Alliance of National Human Rights
Institutions (GANHRI)
LIMITATIONS ON
HUMAN RIGHTS
The rights and freedoms included in the
Charter, although guaranteed, are not absolute.

There is a limitations section in the charter. This section allows

limits on our rights and freedoms when the limitation can be
justified by the government.

For example, freedom may be limited in order to prevent

infringement of the rights or freedoms of others.
VIOLATIONS OF
HUMAN RIGHTS
A state commits human rights violations either
Violations of Human Rights are not rare. directly or indirectly. Violations can either be
Numerous cases of Human Rights violation intentionally performed by the state or come as
recorded yearly. a result of the state failing to prevent the
violation.

When a state engages in human rights violations, various

actors can be involved such as police, judges, prosecutors,
government officials, and more.

The violation can be physically violent in nature, such as

police brutality, while rights such as the right to a fair trial
can also be violated, where no physical violence is
involved.
CASE STUDY OF A
HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATION
The report received from the SP, Faridabad
admitted that the Police Station House Officer
(SHO), Puran Chand, did not investigate the case
lodged by the petitioner properly.
False implication of Rajinder Singh:
Haryana (Case No.810/7/98-99) The case filed against Rajinder Singh was also found to be
false and departmental action had been taken against the
SHO. The Commission, after considering the report, held that a
false case had been registered against Rajinder Singh, and
One Saubhagyawati of Ballabhgarh, Faridabad
the petitioner and her family had to undergo mental torture.
alleged inaction by the police in regard to her
complaint regarding harassment of her daughter,
Savita, by her husband and in-laws. . It, therefore, issued a show-cause notice to the SP,
Faridabad as to why an amount of Rs.10,000 be not paid to
She also alleged false implication by the police of Rajinder the petitioner and Rajinder Singh
Singh, husband of Saubhagyawati's second daughter, at the
instance of Savita's in-laws. She said that Rajinder had tried
to intervene and get the matter settled, upon which Savita's
in-laws had lodged a false complaint against him.
In reply, the Senior Superintendent of Police (SP)
pleaded that the case against Rajinder Singh was
canceled after it was found to be false and that no
grounds, therefore, remained for the award of
compensation.

Meeting on 18 September 2001, the Commission however held

that the very fact that the erring officials had committed
lapses and had been dealt with departmentally was
sufficient, prima facie, to establish that there were valid
reasons for the grant of immediate interim relief.

The Commission accordingly directed payment of

compensation in the amount of Rs. 10,000 to the petitioners.
The amount was paid soon thereafter.
Thank you for
listening!
At last, when violations occur, it’s the
government’s job to intervene and prosecute
those responsibly. The government must hold
everyone (and itself) accountable.

This doesn’t mean that members of civil society don’t also

have a responsibility to prevent human rights violations.

When governments are violating human rights either directly

or indirectly, civil society should hold them accountable and
speak out!
BRANCH-ITE
Pradyumn Pandey
Adnan Khan
Gaurav Gahlot
Shailesh
Nipun
Ashish Nehra
Anshul Gupta
Shubham Sarkar
Viresh Gupta
Akhil Kumar