unr Context Bus fzammes uv henpent Typent | content cout. | crmteat sent We Sanna] agange Typece | content gut | contest ge on Phadte ctake Ave Tyre-* | e. pelea Lamping maton Yee? | eaten, ey rhe typtan op Mp Level Languages om diye softy content fee qenmmant + Henan Wate Oe Tied ax a prwcagal tof by te poses i oltiing site cyto gp am bigh evel Lengeege A combent gue Lenguege Ga Lenquage pometed by ou content ge pissin: Scanned with CamScannerContest Face Cusmmane COPS) coq te diginad bp He tuply os 42 (TSP degiittion Oh CFR Vm Seb Of Vetablen ie Hon tsnatia (newnilln Yometucgy Te tet oy Tanta (we thall alto “BAe 7 Heat digit yet, Chnenctiog ke 6,2, ote Auntnals). (Conmot be erunstten) S- emt Syst Pe Sek op production ae sulin ot pactnction sale “ vatasle, tach pacdactinn comiels of & : a. tang of tansinae paedactinn Suhel —e ond 0 Cp cond wom fetta Ce yet pantuction ule athe gem Ase whee ae (vUTT ing 0 "4 eocurtes fe Foe pening 0 dango el at cyl woop aegis tte wend AEV i agile Be (Ce) Le, Coan Ant} f ° Fh cab Seca ot GA ities Cas ont) abet emia a > adh? > aT” Scanned with CamScannerDaatuntions Using qusmnet Tica ate By mppemaches, to tie, ORS One te to ute the ete ody to head ex SAB hen Body We chant age ty “ada paamedane “ascnedite tnyoenee! fecond Uy, to wie the pirtuctions pire head © bei a ay eames call “atv ie eeoat wth tae Staak Sy cere see wee se the hen ry peplace the variables wn Ma siete appepetnte codtl ae aig te te prea putin, Bipect ee Oa a it qed watt ig, oe a ny le (Oe Fig ai Race anal gee oe eve SEP I UY jrcnnte austen tune productlond ott G5 bakas lab X= Xablas Fad unp vamp fee ttng = bananbabanb Scanned with CamScannerThe fellewing tha imp “ 65 taas So baxas Saad © barabas 7 5 baxabanb peer 2 baKababanl hens 5 bataababan’ 1D basaataback dp dattvattng hes an eon ae cr equtvelent BMD Sengten ttn) pounet » Deetintions gem the shact Symbol produce chyngy eat have a dpeclaf tales soe cell thee eee) 1 of @ LUT 0) Wm FH, stn ap tig, tn Coury? Guth that a te a tentential gem: By aan oe ten dye Cental gam ep SBE, a agit Seatusttal got Polite: Theses i Potse Tass o derivation process can be then Pebtally of a thee to Wustece hea cord fH Sesfved “pom a Cm. Thee Has one called cytan tees, paste Tees Oe deatvating tease Scanned with CamScanner3 Tete ther tho us clea, bins the Ara Oh eta) ita, qeoeped Fate Aube dtd Cada tap betel ade Hee vadtables ey ghemncet Fe comity 9 fae gece pan 4 ake Root verti: Must be Labelled ty th, Shut 7 Each totistor ode te manted by olieint bv Caen tuntial symbols). ~ Ewch deag i Lebiled by efter a vaatatle, a tumtnal ot € ~ Shon Suture aede te Lateled a, and Ths Childs ave Labeled Kien, ---Ke > ie Hom tea lost, Men how Kuta ty lta production fy p Fr go, A-sianle, 8 nA a vA é Toone Oa FOH © ©8 Scanned with CamScannerLege Deas A UDF ie ebtatued by applying pteduetien +o the leyt meet vaafable ty each Step: Ep Fae quntating the srg aban gum the qeamman py Thee S+aaslassle A Stal vo Qaboe Right Dutvation Tass s- A Ror (5 sbtatied by opplying predation to he atpttnert veatable th each sep. eye Fe qenttlting the srtag,‘emban! pom Me Adamaae $9 ans lass] e A> skal ba. Scanned with CamScannerThe Yield op 0 Parse Tess Dp we book at the Lewes Of omy conestinatz then pom We Lage: BE called te * Mtald oe tra th Ging eae te decved pom te. 20 MAME wie Seteld tee teematnnf Sts chat Is, ‘fe Nena cy labeled efit wi tome Eqytvalenta ge Pate Tass + deletion A teaminad tering te bo lengua og Tome ft te oa yall op ot Cen oe pret laghae a ae Dealt eheursive ex eee Uteattions o CES* pain ool bts aogrnnny Tet ey a lee Poca, Laslgo vy memati seg aed, Be accent nt, vem and dosnt = TYPE degiettiont ve alto vad by Nebinal Langieg™ proce coe iced th specth anengnstion fm te poten seed ee! Scanned with CamScannerAombpulty fa Guanmone Lampung Ld ty be Ambipumue t A fusmme Gold pao ty tar Ge (163, arb tat, PS] wets Peon amb can be og so ees atelalb me tp & eae pees Sa SHS a > 5454s gett a at ses sat ens ataes Bay a atarb Agee ate waention ene patie tee fo ibis panmase © Arubiquaae Removing sublet gem Guamneet Tae Uno alpetiin test steetyitanony comets ‘i mae to eyelet an amiquont en expt fan bigot Scanned with CamScannerff Ene Consider sty, enptetien planar her belo: ee ew creletel < Dp oe date a tang ETA TH or) a tle ide “t gut too peu as : : RA Am A AY Vy & MW oeee ETF ae tha tha td 7 ace teed fo tye analy the panmon st He atin, tow eto we vaditzad te Glew fe Paacadence op pests fe wat Menino a ban qrocen dae eB ett alan Op cree m ere Sy Hitech p te able ot taken cate of ip oe tate Sify fda tdttd, we cam aaplace es eve Mow we can aeplace elfen Ay expt a aight cup So watle eh Ranbthaent pana by allng cae gp placenta "Ee" Attoctaturt Te take cond: op “pectadait aint He paneer bp digntng tal ating ty teweet precede 0 Wjlest putz Scanned with CamScannerTee In $y me and 18), 2) I pate tue terest wp becaate apni th gat evaluated ond sthan “te ewaluntid 0, 4 kavfog bight precede and AG lewut precalence + Losest precedenie: cpuatie ace mented piece deal, Wighe pettelent an naectioned ty taste Levels Br tha gfven plamune Y has highest precedence tien Qtad Lae te pe tO 260). 4 opaete cclbalN Gite Wo tae pate tree, fe SOveng Yodo nol degli "ell Gitano Same Wad bat Aupouels Hom fat digeent” taal by fred alee, wentauteall Stet dagining Ye snl + by Fed dally Od an elt Eo earl vortele eau Sm Hy tw and ry 1 paue tree te Correct ond VCO) pltue ree fe romps ah beens dn 110 He qoltows Hey etotatvtty E opastin, bast. ges nace 50 to 10) HF opurbes ove opuetiden fy dudoed ty Nyt atde, But fo matin: Hip Fe wee datved on lat He TO edu ottecratiitty, deging the ule at Ay ecutive ty te tpuabh ts lye ats Scanned with CamScannerSg eee een ee eee eee eer reer ere ee eee Pepin tte ale as afghte teuettve & tee operatic OC siqhe awed, teeter Sr the given qamman band 7 ame Lept ; $0 ta uals tt be yt secaneire te a Bold “The equtinlent unamdiquens pavemat Ue Bs e4rtr torte Foil : “Welt prccidune can be uted got any ewprastion qlammeet Descent Anabig tty a pommane. ge an tnhantly ubipins Language Fat lief eke 0) or) telied=k. So asle A= aatjab 8 cadled © acd add 0 bbe Ibe. Scanned with CamScannerPushdown Automata: A Paskdnom autirneln (POA) fe « wong te faplee ent a Confint Fre Gaauemare fo miler wp ce Aetgn Putte Att es Regular Gesnnnant =% EL mae pousayal than FEM Fn has a wep Minatid mausahe AE PDA bas wie ~ POA Aaite state mache ta stack, A Seak the wp ue elements ome on tp oe Ap anata A shack de hen tpeation Pus: Anew element le added at the Top of Mm FOP Tha tap clement oy Mie Sink ft tend 4 samoved. Ja added (post) ay Crop) 6 oy ele] SPE Seth Hak Purhetoen patimata has 3 Component Lote caput ope S & Rite coil unt A Sec hts plete Se erate Aecaptes gece iH ot Pop Scanned with CamScannerThe Fatal dying ge Dyednrn tonal © Peeidaan twat 6 ysl degoed 1? Teples at ton bling Pe EGET 6, M2, PS oleae 9: « Yk tt tae Eta poate Le ap typ alpha Pim fits at gy atk algae ot te att at gg Fie at final att a Henutling incon jpom 9x (Ev1e}) 10) + oxe* Zot Te Me Natal rack Sybil, 25 € T. Seas anal ere ap totes at otpumest “a tufpl. 6 (q,4,X) there Lyle teh ng aH ett an Sspat Spb fo we BX a Auch Ayotol st leg wench oF ee oe %)2 (BY) 4 Ue finite et og pais (P.2) Whee: Pl a neo Stat TS aw ting oy stack tyrubels that splace x at tie top "gH, Stack Ye HIE Han the stack te popped Se TeX Han Hea attack fe unchanged, 2bvic pushed See erates ee Scanned with CamScannerfur fy (ayarte) = (Qa%e) teaicatee that by the Stats 9, mm Sectag aya te pllthed orto Mack. hen (Eno change Uy State Ge (qyar2—) + (1, ©) Iedtestes Hurt th tre Mate gon Leteg 0 “ug connent op yrubol 2, UE dilated gon! deack Sar 20) = (41026) fadtentee Heat a 6 pushed on ty he dace dttabe fe changed 1% A Genphical Notation fuk ROME OAw42S states : Spotl on of sett SOL BEE, ratelne Bae. io Poppe Sr He pla gd, Mean ally baa Sopa taba! 2” FH chant the empty tyeel Sh te place apy, °€ te placed, Pemcans the ttace te nefthe stead ot gapped th the place q 1, CS placed, HE raeant nothing fe pitted: my fo the Steck Scanned with CamScannerSuri) Consttuck a PDA tet accept Le to nz0} GAY Le (ane no ap OF cll natty gel wo 63 (1129) f uk Hae Be te a st dement Tod ie fare kd STL i ret oh ck ei tapu 710, ig wet Ae Ome See é (tseets) fo te SRE erred 5 ane galled ain ots Daal tga Eo ent glo ra Ean ae ed or Oh th tte aknck Scanned with CamScanneroutta ficng eOut Se IE I Sate 9, gents ai, and 0 ie poped om He top mete syabe! on te Gack and stuon the OF fone) e putlad om tte Cask Dn tea Strtag 0OlL, we gt I, end once again o tt roped cond aby hy UL puttad tm the Smelt New se aenchad | He ened tea tig Do tea fet oth, we it empl Aye, en we et fa ewphy Lyubel, We hove fo chuck ty Bo ly te AP met element om the Stack HL nats We fot mite Stuck, Fe ys, csupty and Woe tenched Oo We Sate any gt Psalm ta Suck 0 Stree oe acd the final ate the String accepted SR POA hke ast 2 Cale olen 0 ny De accepted. The put cate tt, when oe Acad Binal At, and tte tecond cate Uh, token woe sind! that Hee tach & ena This Te & Alon DeteemsbisHe poy The fengunge he po. A Lenquagt Can be accepted by 0 pushdown aulewat ing > sppleads ft Acheptana. by fined state © ee rom cca He Pee baat ake ly, tad Scanned with CamScannerMo Aecaptance by eet, Sta on the tapat feo laltial conti Hon Yo tome POA, tha atact pon becomes “mpi ee Pelton a POA wottih aceepti equal no ap alse MS me ge fab) le he (ab, eat aates heen antes beaabe, bababs, bmbben — Phaneute tp : % tek 8 te ; r yet see digest Matt it aan ene Cpe te teed a ce en ae Sept sevfag “abba” seg EEEE tt faTe] Bel a te pushed Scanned with CamScannerfepse PR caprerereTart 4 rece, cept tate «ast fyate (s 1 dijearat s0,'6 faput Syratel roped fe ale /bielasa, Pel sar ck Wipe sures EMEEERE tal wt mae spell) E bts poped i “Tt GREER 5. bb Te poped. 5 Uae, B)* Capiate) § (sb 20)* (4p: #2) Sa ara) = Gera) Scanned with CamScanner% Sly sbibde Lag 6D EUerarbd= (te) 5 lay 620) = (44,20) Rr comettuct a PON that accept Even palTone HM HM Le Fk le Lardy} SL cattadamen sn soord me feguaate Heat stadt ame bactiontdt gi fetsrands Buy Moon, abl »_ SBI, Raceeng — aE gi Abbe abba abto pose poet Sep Soot set eee stack These = op £ i LOM) gor tome. pon u,tohich acagti fined AGL, then Lie LUM) fot tome POA my sath okt) ting empl tuk PR Let 18 1H 8,,4,21, 4, peotine ML PAM, accept ta ‘ate at, Daa eee C68) & eed) Scanned with CamScanneroe weed 40 comitiaet PDA My Auth hate acta tad Maing yf) we ceed 70 6H pa EL, Sa Bir Bae er Beeb J tach that LOGI0L dt 6,2 9,0 Lite} Bes ait Tee vlayy fe SE, dagined to ris sss wi, Aen Han, ere Slee Gre) = Strub the meeveh of om Ha $laa WD + 84%) Fe all peloj-t,0€ Band HEH RM) enter tty flinaf tate than by M, entio 20 de, tat wolstch coil the, tact eleienty: Silty, 6%)= (ee €) Sie.) = Cte 4) Fe all xe Pr wwe timo te LUM) Do bceve 429 G0 2 Ly V2 GeO YO Cay 2) 2 Gr Be) > Gqeo Scanned with CamScannerEien tapty stack fo plod slate Themem = fp Le £04) yor dome POM My volte ater uti comet than LiL (Myer tome: POA Myttak aceapth king pina ble baste» Let y= £051 bye Sy tye Syed} tear tee POM My cept he tags by emptying ee tsk by Cis 2) 9 LE OD VG EDs eked te contttuce POA My Such Hat te ace fag o£ rote te Gnd My £840 Bar Pa Sy etty Barbed Auch that £(My) = > lee Gg 5 950 {tated sys ese ley ys Qe tend yn Mattel: tt eo Lath act Ny~ taal tate Add inerlinn ty My te neve to latte Gt a My a pres the thing SC, 6124) > Oa 2x) Fimsubett ta MUvd G y On Aly $y(4,4,2)> (4,08) Fe all 76 (ja cay ant eK, Even ig ny emaptis te, Hack tontiall wl thas would be By mm the thet Scanned with CamScannertla weve 40 xinap tate $44, 6 249 Cys € 2) Reatl YeOs dees 1 £UMy) Gut 4) 9 i122) 9, >)? Gay6/29. Equiolente gp POW we e655 » The slatleralitp betisan PDA CPAs H stutln He betwen Deal 5 aegulan empvetions nawaly, te actepted by POn'G ane just toe tale ws ter sgt ap Mee Pmt Hae stain tte a ganitlin apd fthren @ CF, Lhd how 19 Conitinct a Pow case secoguian fe : Us Riven a POR, alamo how ty contact: Heeqettdl HM tnnee Looguege Fen C66 to poay © chm Heat sess : A-oale B— Bote Fad wbutll «PE dale So Wi, date, to Lak met dutinting om Sp eapaad te gana, Scanned with CamScannera s esis dang hee nant dain ee Sia tt oe atti f he ee Nel sue i POA: Now, oo cap, you RHETT POR! OE ee N tind Me predetin eaign a. pow Weta wae ane tabing “aah production ol : reals qensal jam Atte, Cateume), (enpaed Geen) aaagbabe, Tanta Beat sete fe tentaale stored stack EE] Sot Dade start be wit Datvatin : > aaaa BoB oe 5 teas so esoa ley Scanned with CamScannerage te eben At each tip expand ee teastin Corti wohan we do te PDA, hao do we do Hewth fort shespe neh Lat ut, Pete so th Gada ane te magketes to Fete, we check ty tt tp op the stacey . tee ae oe 4 ote i ine Haat tn set op prodad ut ee @=— Asana pe cage cand (ge 8 te @ product at thin LR” SO e aches ott fhe. ett ent i tg tu ls that oa Pop B Tn tte stacks fnttend of B we woftt push get AE hand tte yp te productno (Asaxea) aS WF coham You bave a nontanatval on the top miei lS See Ste fates ee | = Match chact top to a sale = pep stack = push atgbe hand Sthe ty Ale ace stack ry te desu ‘te tenting diagram supestented to We 49m ef PDA poled Se te ale the geen + AED than you have ty Just ad te Be POR st SA te ute tre te stack. and fee nyt, Yom tove EE eaten ORAS tap othe aut ood puth the aque bend Cle on tn tty elec Scanned with CamScannervat met adinnted Pee nee Ee ha ce piled otek O82 Ba) i Hatch top pop Sh aque Koad cide soe hove thing 9 elemants, but dock push dicectly lesnentt fata Te Stack const push 3 elements at He Aine feto Me chat only one. at Hue aoe s ease des ules Rule: A— olor B3¢ Sh shack, top west elemnat fs teemtned Bf you, encountered a tustnal bpetel , you hau 10 £66) at Oe Lapat steve So tuntinal ymubel Ee owe ERECERED ‘TPP ERERES ou have 40 See fp tha nat Ropu Hat Ce oily f be Seanad aud the top watt clement Of the sinc me wanthng 86 at Sees So, we See thet the ment thput to be Seemed Std aad th top watt the Check fe 'beo'.co SBep ee meatthtng. fo, oe lave to do pop the ‘tas pom the “tack and you tune to adiewced Wee fap fe comes to te vent ome Oh Ha suale. Just maa teh thy teenth Syecbels fo te, ached pop ttm ond dont push omg tng Scanned with CamScannerReal PDA 6% only ruth 20 fata te fier ishing staat Symtel e,e0s puting Fee ck ie epelp previous sules act Se Tina ond wee se canccceteans Vet ot From Pon's £0 Gzamuens se sre ot pOtNee POA and we have to balld a E6 trom te We have 2 Step 2 tpl the POA ”~ But ee ceq ron pean p, wee a ae tie (] you ne a OP cnet 1 pede sect The wlll be a Non Teranal $e Mey fy Me neem Mon- Teeetnal All be Aasnp)” The Scanned with CamScannerSalting the PA Sime ferme Poa Ahad bane oly ve! =o aon eet 2 2 Ds =O} ao sree pon Steoull empty My tinct befate acer ty ccask a nav idth abl, a, With pot 9 “me | «O teas cach ‘tRontibirns efter puss ce pops mut das ot do bol OXELO » OLTSO pre) of, ake Acre) 5 Kee Be Oe Oe Oa sion sh choccy pred saan ms Scanned with CamScannergta wh an Copp EB gulch EL on eae a3 RL EL bed LY nto rer Pop PP lah Ld aloe . postey coma nt a. rep epaatin ome tay skal te tin Te na dyes stat te call an a oy tea sek copes TE 3 MEE ciey an a see ite ata, That Busld the CPG + ptiume PY Seti Cometh too shat PEA tn the POR Even, pal Ce ele * 4 wtlant_ die Uns CR ay ok rj ne yon a Oe aetna! Oty olny oe 4 stat stags would do that # weed ecko. Mon Fetndual Ary th pe py WS) tem eet Mate ings tat oll Anke us Scanned with CamScanneron aaiatataciy all Hoe above Shack Contin feo pte g “4 ss =o BL 8 sovalting oe Scanned with CamScannerfo, how Con you Aeprtent te uae wt) aepennat Atatiy HE nen tetntnalls wy ata , oe Some Te entraetined ‘ BOS een ate niddle PET won tov ‘ om stone a pak "2 OC Te Pad te ‘tone inaguin Sie Me cata a, Abe tage te Scanned with CamScannerrere reer rer teeter : puted tn the teak Pas aad 2% perret hb eed take bo srotun we pain diyenente AAT Te ie ee oo erly, Cal ot) =o at + ye cog tle RDA accept tome adap pian BOS Scanned with CamScanneryon frstowate Loto” ee cht A Ne ty PDA tat hay ot mest tate e culled Delaumintate. Pom ODA I Ya taal to preening Languages Ge os Pent we) tn Wace ote DPDAS. DPDA Te less poutgul than Seda: The A PDAPA {G1 6, tor PeiFY th deteenuinichic Th op LE (,0,%) har at mast one mambere go Ge, aint mare, and HOF Be op EC. 0.36) Th wat empty fete tome a fy £, than Sa, 6.2) masse be esp . a Lanquagit & DPBS 2 Te clan leaping BE accapy tsb betiseen pla cpg Us The DPOA Lanqucges Toebode esque: The. too mundo acuptone oN ay ae ja pba To Accagt wlth load alate Le £(p) {1 tone DPDA tockuds attach, but DPOA led to det wot te ti tack Se A te He Ba get Li ttan (9,92) 622 He all P7ED auch Hot SqCg,a) 2 P To cept wtih empty stack vey aegulas Aaeguage Ue wat uA) gar fone DPD P. Scanned with CamScanner. ca “ fe Le NCP) gor ome ORDA P, Aye only EE mL we a pupa Dept pute. prerely o£ Anker that Uy EL, than 1 ahold mee be Pate Ob Ys ot vice Ventas Non segube Language £2 W908 could be aceaptad by prod ste aback, becoie fe ye bate omy argc Loe"), Ap the Plegin, parpatty » But the Languages L-{ory could be accapted by Deo« sotth taal Stake, out net eith crap Atak, becasue ings ota a Sit aby Hm pagin pump. So MCE) ot per eeiatstere ch ed sDPDA's L content= Yue Lanpuegu = (Bef) The claw of Language accrpted by PEDAL betwen that of Raqulee Language I CPL. TAs awe te called dais ses lng 2 tubact ap domqunge asiegéed, oy MFDA. NEON TD Tae calcu) gee setipllny Lampung me pebndt sat Dee The, dope sh a con be a ae ade teyutias “a waited gum ty Conbiat all gramaneee alka amen as DCR. LR grammes ane bit Prmmers at geeuate DEPL COE fal fa te conptle diiqs 1 HAD ont eattan a glen poammee Ue datbable ga gins retin te Legge Te Gad tet Be, rpg Scanned with CamScannerGE cs pil alll a age Senin Cont 6 ek © Ped tate le pore & OceL Te Tanti, ota the banque a bere senet oe can wid he canna puapeti REPL os Hay oe net dosed on all pupa os CFL's + DPOA gabe e Somae rata ee A Th vay spetant to design op property Language using DPD because Language Acie by OFOn att Unanbiquens qtamavant But all Unenbipucst ee etupled by ena: fen, F asofale an nambiqns amma, Crgends 1 the Lente pelindaomel “Ate te he angunge cited by OY NPDn S L= WLP) fu BPA e, an LHe yes Es fe L=EUD) ae DPD P, an L hat nang eG. ro convnt E(B) 7 MCR) te Reve paeyte ple by wtding on end monkee be ain ty suum comelt W1(P) to C04 6! Faem 6! woe ba to ceatiast & accept bby petting tol of Fes ddd q. hes) punkuttion $7 € at a pladuction & 6 + Men-Deleminiatic PDAC.NPDA) » “The PDA Hist: has lite op teow be Sigg thats ealtegy HPDA : Scanned with CamScanner