Virtualization

ITCMSY1
Outline
- Virtualization
- Host and Guest
- Types
- Containerization
Virtualization
- Virtualization uses software to create an abstraction layer over computer hardware,
enabling the division of a single computer's hardware components—such as
processors, memory and storage—into multiple Virtual Machines (VMs).
- Each VM behaves like an independent computer, even though it is running on just a
portion of the actual underlying computer hardware.
- A Hypervisor is a piece of software that enables a single physical machine to run a
virtual machines.
- Virtual Machine Servers typically run several virtual machines that are accessible
remotely and are managed using a virtualization platform. Example: Proxmox
Host and Guest
- Host system
- Refers to the hardware or software that is directly executing on the physical hardware
- Guest system
- Refers to the system that is executing within the virtual machine
Types of Hardware Virtualization
Full Virtualization
- Full simulation of a computer hardware
- Allows softwares to run unmodified
- Allows installation of an operating system
- Example: Qemu, VMware
Paravirtualization
- Softwares running on isolated domains as if they are executing on separate
hardwares
- Only some behaviors of but not the full hardware is simulated
Containerization
- Is an operating system level virtualization
- Allows different insulated instances (containers) to share the same kernel
- Kernel is the lowest level component of the operating system
- The perspective of each container is that it is independently interfacing with a
kernel and in turn the hardware. Which enables it to have its own collection of
dependency libraries which avoids dependency conflicts

- Example: Docker, Flatpak

Emulation
- In virtualization a virtual machine resembles the host that it is using. For
example an x86 machine has x86 virtual machines
- Emulation is where a piece of hardware imitates another different hardware.
- Popular use is to emulate video game consoles (guest) within desktop
computers (host)
- Example: Emulating a MIPS processor based processor Playstation 1 on an
x86 processor desktop, RetroArch, MAME
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtualization

https://www.ibm.com/topics/virtualization

https://www.docker.com/

https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/hypervisor/

https://medium.com/@hufaaz-in-the-cloud/what-is-containerization-a-beginners-guide-to-understanding-containerization-b0c6ca1827e3

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/future-virual-development-zeeshan-sharief/

https://www.ibm.com/topics/virtualization

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxmox_Virtual_Environment