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12 dice each
(2) ,
I sided

a) I' outcomes
dice
6-sided
B) a
distinguishable (R a) ,

2- 11(
[1 2) (2 1)
" ,

B
-> , ,

->
(i , 3) (3 , 1) (2 2)(e) ,

2)
5
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(1 4) (4 1) (2 3) (3 distinguishes e
sinadiceanoutcomes
,
,
, ,

6 -
(15)(5 1)(2 4)(4 2)(3 3) , , , , ->
↳ :

1 + (1 6)(6 , 1)(2 , 5)(5 2) (3 4) (7 3)

,
, ,
,
separate
(2 , 6)(6 2)( 5)(5 , 3)(7
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x -
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probability
12 +
(6 ,
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computing
C -2bilpi= ENK pilpi)
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S
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36
i 1 =

3. N molecules
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0 2 .
=

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P2
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high probability
.

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high energy-
0 4
by
= .

size & number variations

due particle
probability o allangement of particles
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2) If G =

&z =
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qx raly and not due to the

level
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energy itself
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to make 6 letter chains

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=

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t

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constraint of
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particles
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as

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every
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times
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how
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i) p(it) =

& 1) '(0-3) (0
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(i) p(ii) C 3) [0 1) G 2) (0 4)
.
.
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=

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integral
is
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state functions are path independent

be state function
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if of
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gar a
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df =

s(x y)dx + t(n y)dy

,
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In this case
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kI = dx + My) dy
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t
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c
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1
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y I
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=
=
=

it =

x
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c

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f(x y) ,

f(x y)
· x
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6 .
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(2 ,, kz 43) ,
=

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1
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# of enery
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a) S
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a) k =

39iPi =
<
Note that :
E U
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> P3= (E) <2) = =

i
0
p, + 1 pr 2p3
. +

p2 2p3
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+
= Pr +

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=
(5)

a) O Take the partial quivatives

: :---empi
=1 :
= Ei

② Use Lagrange multiplies

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4 -

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Pi e
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fix
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i
Be
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1
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-
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Bei
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7 .

3 particles , energy levels (es ,

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2
,
3 ,
4

UA =
6 units energy

UB = 4 units of enery
-> Myster

u
-

- -

?
&
-
- -

- 88 n
&
-

e , -

-> system
UB = 4

e3 -

e2
ei
(2 ,, 22 , 03(4)
=

(0 ,
1
,
2
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3)

6
UA =

& -

ey
& ⑧
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⑳
es -

92 - &
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e [
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8 .
+
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12
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6
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(0 ,
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B .

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A =

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total
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size
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size
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WA .

WB

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lowest
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=

. =

T
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Y UB 2 here
NB
= =

max
multiplicity
w(n 0 =

in
,

u !

~i:""... jdiference -
e

W(0 , 4) = 8 :

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want to
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10 minimis

Ta- Es / I this

is
1
= = =
0

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x =

118

12 2) TA D ly
=
,
=

z
=

=
=

(1,3) 3/1 5/8

+A =
+ =

=
=

1
1 D
(0 4)
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TA 0
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=
=

at 3 I
temp- is most similar 7
I
A
1

Up Us
 NA= 9 UA 3
=

2
3 UB
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NA =

it!
126
w(4 )
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, s !

w( , 1 = 252

!
:

s :

w(2 , 2)
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=

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w(1 , )
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:

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G
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0
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,
,

: -)D 0
=

4 ,
-
+a Ts =

cold
it (3 1) Similar !! not to

Temp equilitates
,

system
10 Change of
a
·

energy
-
law of dV
=

SW+61 work done system

Thermodynamics other
eat
change in

energy

② ways
to

change system-heat rig into