ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ACADEMIC SESSION: 1 2023/2024

DEE20023 – SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

PRACTICAL WORK : 3 ZENER DIODE

PRACTICAL WORK DATE :

LECTURER’S NAME:

GROUP NO. :

DATE SUBMIT :

PRAC. TOTAL
REPORT
STUDENT ID & NAME : SKILL MARKS
(20%)
(80%) (100%)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Student Student Student Student

REPORT MARK DISTRIBUTION (20%)
1 2 3 4
(1) Result /Output (7.5)

(2) Discussion (5)

(3) Conclusion (5)

(4) References (2.5)

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
1/ 9
 PRACTICAL SKILL ASSESSMENT (PLO5/CLO2/P4/CLS3a)

Student 1

Student 2

Student 3
Score 1 2 3 4 5

Score
Aspect Weak Average Satisfactory Good Excellent

Able to identify
Able to identify
and select more
Apparatus/ Unable to Able to identify Able to identify and select all
than half but x2
identify and and select less and select all apparatus/
equipment less than three
select than apparatus/ apparatus/ equipment
Selection & quarter of the
apparatus/ equipment equipment quickly without =
Identification apparatus/
equipment needed needed lecturer
equipment
assistance
needed

Able to construct Able to construct Able to construct

part of the all the system/ all the system/
PRACTICAL SKILL (80%)

System/ Failed to Construct the x3

system/ circuit circuit correctly circuit
Circuit construct the system/ circuit
correctly under under excellently
Construction system/ circuit incorrectly =
supervision of supervision of without the help
the lecturer the lecturer of the lecturer
Able to measure Able to measure Able to measure
System/ part of the all the system/ all the system/ x4
Failed to Measure the
system/ circuit circuit correctly circuit
Circuit measure the system/ circuit
correctly under under excellently
Measurement system/ circuit incorrectly =
supervision of supervision of without the help
the lecturer the lecturer of the lecturer
Able to reading Able to reading
Able to reading
Reading measurement measurement all
Reading Failed to reading measurement x4
measurement of part of the the system/
measurement of all the system/
Measurement the system/
the system/ system/ circuit circuit accurately
circuit accurately
Accuretely circuit accurately under under =
circuit without the help
inaccurately supervision of supervision of
of the lecturer
the lecturer the lecturer

Able to perform Able to Able to do x3

Unable to Perform the
Trouble part of troubleshooting troubleshooting
perform any troubleshooting
Shooting troubleshooting with the help of without the help
trouble shooting incorrectly =
correctly the lecturer of the lecturer

Very incomplete Some of the Part of the Almost all of the

Able to X1.5
or incorrect results have results have results have
interpreted
Result/Output result been correctly been correctly been correctly =
analyzed result
interpreted and interpreted and interpreted and interpreted and
completely
analyzed analyzed analyzed analyzed
REPORT (20%)

Some of the All important

Very incomplete
results have Almost of the Almost all of the trends and data
or incorrect
been correctly results have results have comparisons
interpretation of
interpreted and been correctly been correctly have been x1
trends and
discussed; interpreted and interpreted and interpreted
Discussion comparison of
partial but discussed, only discussed, only correctly and
data indicating a =
incomplete minor minor discussed, good
lack of
understanding of improvements improvements understanding of
understanding of
results is still are needed are needed results is
results
evident conveyed

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
2/ 9
 Student 1

Student 2

Student 3
Score 1 2 3 4 5

Score
Aspect Weak Average Satisfactory Good Excellent

Accurate
Accurate statement of the
statement of the results of lab
A statement of results of the lab indicates
No conclusion A statement of
the results of the indicates whether results
was included or the results is x1
lab indicates whether results support
Conclusion shows little effort incomplete with
whether results support the hypothesis
and reflection on little reflection
support the hypothesis Possible =
the lab on the lab
hypothesis Possible sources of error
sources of error and what was
identified learned from the
lab discussed

References 0 reference 1-2 references 3-4 references 4-5 references >5 references x 0.5
=

Total /100

LEARNING OUTCOME:
PLO 5 : Apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering and IT
tools to well-define engineering problems, with an awareness of the limitations
(DK6)
CLO 2 : Construct the various application of semiconductor devices circuit by using
schematic diagram (P4, PLO 5)

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE (SO):

Upon completion of this laboratory, students should be able to:
i. Determine I-V Characteristics curve for Zener Diode.
ii. Determine the characteristic of Zener Diode as a voltage regulator

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
3/ 9
THEORY :
Zener Diode is a P-N junction device, has symbol, designed to take a full advantage of
the Zener breakdown region. Once the reverse-bias potential reached the Zener region,
the ideal Zener diode is assumed to have a fixed terminal voltage and zero internal
resistance.

The Zener region as shown in Fig. 1 .The characteristic drops in an almost vertical
manner at a reverse bias potential denoted V Z. The fact that the curve drops down and
away from the horizontal axis rather than up and away for the positive V D region reveals
that the current in the Zener region has a direction opposite to that of a forward biased
diodes.

Fig 1: Zener Diode Region.

This region of unique characteristics is employed in the design of Zener diodes, which
have the graphic symbol appearing in Fig. 2. Both the semiconductor diode and zener
diode are presented side by side in Fig. 2 to ensure that the direction of conduction of
each is clearly understood together with the required polarities of the applied voltage.
For the semiconductor diode the “on” state will support a current in the direction of the
arrow in the symbol. For the Zener diode the direction of conduction is opposite to that of
the arrow in the symbol as pointed out in the introduction to this section. Note also that
the polarity of VD and VZ are the same as would be obtained if each were a resistive
element.

Fig 2. Conduction direction: (a) Zener diode; (b) semiconductor diode.

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
4/ 9
APPARATUS :
i. Power Supply Unit (5-25V)
ii. Zener diodes (5.6V and 9.6V)
iii. Resistor (220Ω)
iv. Digital / Analog Multimeter

SAFETY PRECAUTION :
1. Maintain a clean work area at all times.
2. Handle electrical components and fittings with caution.
3. Always use a grounded electrical source of the proper rating.
4. Always dry hands completely before touching electrical equipment.

PROCEDURE :

1. Forward-biased Characteristics

1.1. Connect the circuit as shown in Figure 1.

1.2. Increase the voltage according to table 1 and record the result.
1.3. Draw the output characteristics of the Zener diode.

Figure 1: Zener Characteristics

2. Reversed-biased Characteristics

2.1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure 4.2.

2.2. Increase the volt according to table 4.2 and record the result.
2.3. Draw the output characteristics of the Zener diode.

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
5/ 9
 Figure 2: Zener Characteristics

3. Zener diode as a voltage regulator

2.1. Connect the circuit as shown in figure 3.

2.2. Close S1 (ON) and measure output voltage and record the result in table 3.
2.3. Open S1 (OFF), close S2 (ON) and measure output voltage and record the result
in table 3.

Figure 3: Zener diode as a voltage regulator

DISCUSSION:

Discuss your observations based theoretical knowledge, simulation result and practical
result.

CONCLUSION

Give your conclusion pertaining to the experiment.

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
6/ 9
 PRACTICAL REPORT

PRACTICAL WORK : 3

TITLE : Zener Diode

Task Marks
1. Complete the table below:

VS 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 7 9 12 14 17 20

VZ

VR

IZ

Table 1: Forward-biased Characteristics

VR 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 7 9 12 14 17 20

VZ

VR

IZ

Table 2: Reverse-biased Characteristics

Switch Output voltage (DC)

S1 ON / S2 OFF
S2 ON / S1 OFF

Table 3: Voltage regulator output voltage

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
7/ 9
 Task Marks

2. Discuss your observations.

3. Referring to tables 1 and 2, draw the iv characteristic graph of the diode

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
8/ 9
 Task Marks

3. Give your conclusion pertaining to the experiment.

DEE20023/JKE/PW03.S01 |
9/ 9