GLIMPSE ON

SOCIOLOGICAL AND
ANTHROPOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVES OF SELF

Group 2
SOCIOLOGICAL

It is the study of human social

relationships and institutions.
Emphasizing the careful gathering
and analysis of evidence about
social life to develop and enrich
our understanding of key social
processes.
 ANTHROPOLOGICAL

The study of human societies and

cultures and their development.
It is concerned with how
cultural and biological processes
interact to shape human
experience.
Western Concept of Self
Western Self as Analytic

This is the tendency to see reality

as an aggregate of parts the “self”
in an observer separate and
distinct from external objects
(Me vs. Other).
Western Self as Monotheistic

One supreme being coexisting

with the universe condenses the
supernatural and human
capabilities into bipolarity of
both qualities and existence.
Western Self as Individualistic

In western countries, individualism

is highly values, and people tend to
be more direct and assertive.
Western Self as Materialistic and Rationalistic

The Western way of thinking is

focused on material things and favors
a rational-empirical approach over
magical and superstitious
explanations of immaterial things
 THE HISTORICAL
DEVELOPMENT OF THE
WESTERN CONCEPT OF
SELF
 STAGE 1

Pre-christian times until 1850

There were philosophical and theological

attempts to characterize the self through the
concepts of soul and mind with emphasis on the
individual’s conscious experience, distinction
between man’s physical and mental nature
(mind-body dualism), and the causality of
human behavior.
 STAGE 2

1850 - 1940

Establishment of experimental psychology

in themid-19th century.
The idea of self re-emerged within the
social interactionist framework in the
early 1900s.
 STAGE 3

1940 - present
The following are the multidirectional and
continuous development of concept of self:

a. Inner, interpersonal, and social self are

three levels of sociological and psychological
theories of self-encompass.
 STAGE 3

1940 - present
The following are the multidirectional and
continuous development of concept of self:

b. Philosophy and psychology of

existentialist and phenomologists, engaged
in hollistic approach integrating the inner,
interpersonal, social aspects of self.
 STAGE 3

1940 - present
The following are the multidirectional and
continuous development of concept of self:

c. Psychologists, anthropologists, sociologists,

philosophers, and linguists who study the actual,
multivariate, and situational contexts of the self-
using novel frameworks and methodologies that
are currently coming to a consensus on some
conceptualizations of the self.
Eastern Concept of Self
 The views of Hinduism, Buddhism,
1
Confucianism, and Taoism representing as
the most-well known conceptions of the self
in Eastern.

2 Garcia state that these Eastern Intellectual

traditions differ in their approaches and
features to various issues about selfhood.
 THE SELF IN FOUR (4) GREAT
SYSTEMS OF EASTERN THOUGHT

Hinduism Buddhism Confucianism Taoism

 HINDUISM

It asserts that suffering is a fundamental aspect of

human life and that causes a false sense of self.
According to Monilla and Ramirez (2018), expounded in
Vedanta is the Hindu concept of self.
 HINDUISM

The god spirit or the The human soul or the self is

universe who’s essentially Atman.
the sacred is Brahman.
Karma is the all believe in the spiritual progress of
the human soul. The most important doctrine of
Hinduism is the law of karma.
 BUDDHISM

It began in India when Siddharta Gautama travelled

and meditated in search for the answers troubling
him concerning human suffering.
The original Buddhist used the word Bodhi or
enlightenment, Buddha or the enlightened one.
 BUDDHISM
The four (4) noble truths are:
1. Life is suffering
2. Suffering is caused by
attachment to desires
3. Suffering can be eliminated
4. Elimination of suffering is
through the practice of the
Eightfold Path
 BUDDHISM
The Eightfold Path are:
1. Right view
2. Right aspiration
3. Right speech
4. Right action
5. Right livelihood
6. Right effort
7. Right mindfulness
8. Right concentration
BUDDHISM

Nirvana is also called a

state of transcendence
devoid of self-reference
(which can be achieved
through meditation)
 CONFUCIANISM
The self of concept is related to
the social aspect of human
existence.
Rational Identify characterized
the self where the person is
defined by his/her significant
relationship.
“Do not do to others what you
would not want others do to
you.” is the core of Confucian
thought of Golden Rule.
 CONFUCIANISM

There are five (5) Cardinal

Relationships:
1. Between ruler and minster
2. Between father and son
3. Between husband and wife
4. Between brothers
5. Between friends

10
TAOISM
A religious or philosophical
tradition of chinese origin
with emphasizes living in
harmony with the Tao or the
way.
Tao denotes the principle
that is the source, pattern,
and the substance of
everything that exists.
TAOISM

The perfect man has no self;

the spiritual man has no
achievement; the true sage
has no name. The ideal is
thus selflessness.
 MEMBERS:
Mark Lemuel Marasigan
David Karl Padillo
Kylie Gagaoin
Graciela Rose Valde
 REFERENCES:
Jennifer D. (2020).PART 1 THE SELF FROM Various Perspective - B. Sociology.
https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/ama-computer-university/understanding-the-self/part-1-the-self-
from-various-perspective-b-sociology/9520201

Wild R. (2020). Module 3- Anthropological Perspective OF THE

SELF.https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/medical-colleges-of-northern-philippines/physical-
therapy/module-3-anthropological-perspective-of-the-self/12931480