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Ambedkar Against India's Independence ???
Ambedkar Against India's Independence ???
DECCAN INQUIRER
“I am quite prepared to say that I shall be the first person to burn it out.
I do not want it,” Ambedkar had said.
● by BHANU DHAMIJA
Only three years after our Constitution was adopted, its chief architect,
BR Ambedkar, publicly disowned it in Parliament. In an astonishing
admission in 1953, he blurted out in the Rajya Sabha:
BR Ambedkar
Four years earlier, in May 1949, he had argued the opposite inside the
Constituent Assembly that “the coexistence of a governor elected by
the people and a chief minister responsible to the legislature might lead
to friction.”
We have inherited the idea that the governor must have no power
at all, that he must be a rubber stamp. If a minister, however
scoundrelly he may be… puts up a proposal before the governor,
he has to approve it. That is the kind of conception about
democracy which we have developed in this country.
BR Ambedkar
Members were on their feet. One asked, “Why did you serve your
masters like that?”
The truth was Ambedkar was past his heydays, and all that bothered
him about the Constitution never came out in the open.
The truth was Ambedkar was past his heydays, and all that bothered
him about the Constitution never came out in the open. He had already
resigned from the Cabinet over disagreements about the Hindu Code
Bill, and was then defeated twice, in 1952 and 1954, in his bid to
become a Lok Sabha MP. Although, outside Parliament Ambedkar
persisted in his criticism.
In a 1953 interview, he told the BBC: “Democracy will not work (in
India), for the simple reason we have got a social structure which is
totally incompatible with parliamentary democracy.”
What troubled Ambedkar about the Constitution India had adopted was
its inherent majoritarianism. For a permanent Hindu majority nation, he
didn’t think a system of majority-only government was well suited. In
fact, he had proposed to the Constituent Assembly an entirely different
set up for India’s Constitution than the one it adopted based on the
parliamentary system.
Ambedkar labeled his scheme the “United States of India (USI).” It was
submitted to the Assembly’s subcommittee on Fundamental Rights
only seven months before he began work as chairman of the Drafting
Committee.
Ambedkar’s USI proposal was similar in many ways to the US’ system
of government. It was a genuine federation, giving states a much
higher degree of independence. This is why Ambedkar wished
governors had discretionary powers. The USI’s executive power was to
be elected by the entire legislature, not just by the majority party, and
for a fixed term in office. The judicial power was vested in a totally
independent Supreme Court. And the list of fundamental rights was
similar to America’s Bill of Rights. Even Ambedkar’s language was
reminiscent of America’s Declaration of Independence: “the British type
of executive will be full of menace to the life, liberty and pursuit of
happiness of the minorities,” he wrote.
“It was clear,” he noted, “that if the British system was copied it would
result in permanently vesting executive power in a communal majority.”
And as for stability, he feared that “in view of the clashes of castes and
creeds there is bound to be a plethora of parties. If this happens it is
possible, nay certain, that under the system of parliamentary executive
India may suffer from instability.”
This is not the first time Ambedkar had proposed these ideas for India’s
Constitution. In a 1945 speech on India’s fundamental problems, he
had declared: “Majority rule is untenable in theory and unjustifiable in
practice.”
He outlined the principles on which India’s government should be
based: a) “Executive power assumes far greater importance than
legislative power”; b) “Executive should cease to be a committee of the
majority party”; and c) “Executive should be non-parliamentary in the
sense that it shall not be removable.”
Given all this, the puzzling question is why inside the Constituent
Assembly Ambedkar supported a parliamentary type system of
majority-only governments. After all, he sat with Nehru on the
most important committees of the Constitution making body, and
it was his draft that was finally adopted.
It’s all conjecture, but people have alluded to three reasons why
Ambedkar switched from his long-standing opposition to parliamentary
governments and became its chief proponent.
One, he was admitted to the Assembly only due to the support of the
Congress party. He felt duty bound to push Congress’ proposals inside
the house. Two, he was offered by Nehru the Cabinet position of Law
Minister. He figured this would allow him to continue to serve his nation
and his causes.
__________________
What perturbs me greatly is the fact that not only India has once before
lost her independence, but she lost it by the infidelity and treachery of
some of her own people.
Will history repeat itself? It is this thought which fills me with anxiety.
This anxiety is deepened by the realisation of the fact that in addition to
our old enemies in the form of castes and creeds we are going to have
many political parties with diverse and opposing political creeds. Will
Indians place the country above their creed or will they place creed
above country? I do not know. But this much is certain that if the parties
place creed above country, our independence will be put in jeopardy a
second time and probably be lost for ever. This eventuality we must all
resolutely guard against. We must be determined to defend our
independence with the last drop of our blood.
Democratic system
It is not that India did not know what is Democracy. There was a time
when India was studded with republics, and even where there were
monarchies, they were either elected or limited. They were never
absolute. It is not that India did not know Parliaments or parliamentary
procedure.
A study of the Buddhist Bhikshu Sanghas discloses that not only there
were Parliaments – for the Sanghas were nothing but Parliaments –
but the Sanghas knew and observed all the rules of parliamentary
procedure known to modern times. They had rules regarding seating
arrangements, rules regarding Motions, Resolutions, Quorum, Whip,
Counting of Votes, Voting by Ballot, Censure Motion, Regularisation,
Res Judicata, etc. Although these rules of parliamentary procedure
were applied by the Buddha to the meetings of the Sanghas, he must
have borrowed them from the rules of the Political Assemblies
functioning in the country in his time.
This democratic system India lost. Will she lose it a second time? I do
not know. But it is quite possible in a country like India – where
democracy from its long disuse must be regarded as something quite
new – there is danger of democracy giving place to dictatorship. It is
quite possible for this new born democracy to retain its form but give
place to dictatorship in fact. If there is a landslide, the danger of the
second possibility becoming actuality is much greater.
Three warnings
Social democracy
There was so little solidarity in the USA at the time when this incident
occurred that the people of America did not think that they were a
nation. If the people of the United States could not feel that they were a
nation, how difficult it is for Indians to think that they are a nation?
A great delusion
These are my reflections about the tasks that lie ahead of us. They
may not be very pleasant to some. But there can be no gainsaying that
political power in this country has too long been the monopoly of a few
and the many are only beasts of burden, but also beasts of prey. This
monopoly has not merely deprived them of their chance of betterment,
it has sapped them of what may be called the significance of life. These
down-trodden classes are tired of being governed. They are impatient
to govern themselves. This urge for self-realisation in the down-trodden
classes must no be allowed to devolve into a class struggle or class
war. It would lead to a division of the House. That would indeed be a
day of disaster. For, as has been well said by Abraham Lincoln, a
House divided against itself cannot stand very long. Therefore the
sooner room is made for the realisation of their aspiration, the better for
the few, the better for the country, the better for the maintenance for its
independence and the better for the continuance of its democratic
structure. This can only be done by the establishment of equality and
fraternity in all spheres of life. That is why I have laid so much stresses
on them.
_____________
By Markandey Katju
many parts of Tamil Nadu, on September 17, with great fanfare. However,
Tamil Nadu can dare criticise him. He started the self-respect movement
and created the Justice Party, which later became the DK (Dravida
the time has come for a fresh, objective and unemotional assessment of
Periyar fought against injustices in the society. But, this has to be coupled
1. As is well known, the British policy in India was of divide and rule. Their
efforts were directed towards sparking enmity between Hindus and Muslims
(see, in this connection, B.N. Pande's speech in the Rajya Sabha, ‘History
They also strived for division along the lines of caste. Periyar constantly
spouted venom against Brahmins and brahminism. "If you see a snake and
a Brahmin, kill the Brahmin first": this was a statement famously attributed
to him. Some have denied its authenticity, but there is no doubt that his
hatred towards Brahmins was unparalleled, and it was not long before
by dividing society along caste lines, Periyar was helping the British,
whatever his motives may have been. There can be no denial that dalits
were (and still are) treated disgracefully in our society. But the remedy is
not to instigate hatred against Brahmins or other upper castes, but for dalits
to join hands with the enlightened sections of the upper castes and jointly
'The Caste System in India' (see on my blog Satyam Bruyat), the caste
division of labour in the society, and every vocation became a caste. There
was a small section of the society involved in intellectual work. They were
the Brahmins, and their language was Sanskrit. There was no system of
universal education in the feudal system, and the educated class in India
people were mostly the priests, using the Latin language).So, the
Brahmins, being the educated class, had a head start over the rest. When
and other professions. So, it was not because Brahmins were intellectually
that dalits and others remained oppressed, and had far less job
superstitions and empty rituals go. But, in his attacks on Hindu gods like
betrays a lack of scientific temper. What Periyar did not understand was
that religion cannot be destroyed unless the social foundation upon which it
rests is destroyed (see my blog post 'Taslima Nasreen is brave but stupid').
3. Periyar wanted British rule in India to continue, and did not want India to
ruled by northerners and the Aryans who dominated the Congress party.
he called Aryanstan. Had this happened, it would have been disastrous for
Erode sell their products in Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and
Bihar. What would have happened to such industries and their employees if
assessment of Periyar.
___________________
BY RĀMA JĀMADAGNYA
Read :
https://neopolitico.com/opinion/ambedkar-a-loyal-sepoy-of-britishers-an
d-his-anti-india-face/
Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar is a historical personality, whose mere
mentioning of the name evokes strong sentiments from people across
the sociopolitical spectrum in modern Indian. Ambedkar has been
glorified as a messianic character to whom a variety of
accomplishments have been ascribed, viz., being the father of the
Indian Constitution, a supporter of Indian freedom struggle from the
British colonial rule, a proponent of social justice and equality, a
champion of women empowerment, an advocate of the integration of
Kashmir in the Indian union, and above all as being an Indian patriot
who wanted a strong and united India.
However, Ambedkar was far from being the ideal hero he has been
projected to be in the present times. Historical facts from primary
sources allude to a different direction, which has however been
sidelined to create an artificial make-believe tale of Ambedkar, thereby
painting a perverted and negative impression of the Hindu society.
This series of articles aims to put out facts from primary historical
sources to clarify this imaginary picture of Ambedkar which has been
pushed down the throat of the Indian masses. The intention is to shed
light on the actions and statements made by Ambedkar himself, which
have been brushed aside from the public sphere, and to help people
know the reality for what it is, instead of how it has been made out to
be by the political establishment due to their vested interests. This first
part of this series will focus on the role he played during the Indian
freedom movement, being a loyal minister of the British government,
and his contribution in widening and aggravating the fault lines within
the Hindu society.
7, pp. 144-147].
Ambedkar’s language was always framed in a way to be favorable to
the continuation of British rule over India. While today he is considered
as a nationalist unifying figure, he made every attempt possible to
prove to the British that the supposed ‘Untouchables’ was the greatest
allies of the British along with the other minorities (Fig. 2).
Prakashan, p. 330].
All the positions taken by Ambedkar were in line with the interests of
the British. During 1939, when the second world war was about to
break out, Congress was pushing for self-governance and this was
putting the British in a tight position, which intended to gain assistance
from India to fight a war. In such a critical stage as well, Ambedkar
stood firmly with the British. On 7 October 1939, as the crisis was
reaching its peak, in a discussion with the Secretary of State,
Ambedkar resolutely declared that self-governance by Indians should
be completely opposed (Fig. 4).
and the facts which have been erased, Harper Collins, p. 66].
Finally, Ambedkar’s efforts paid off when Ambedkar was inducted into
the Viceroy’s Executive Council on 20 July 1942. And he made the
most of his opportunity to be of best use to the British. However,
Ambedkar was not just introduced into the Viceroy’s Council for
rewarding him. It was part of a larger scheme to wrest the SCs from the
Hindu society to make it easier for the missionaries to target them and
convert them from their native religion (Fig. 6).
separate the SCs from the Hindu society [Arun Shourie (1997),
Worshipping False Gods; Ambedkar, and the facts which have been
during the Quit India Movement in the Assembly as well through radio
Ambedkar, and the facts which have been erased, Harper Collins, p.
102].
(a)
(b)
Figure 8. (a) and (b) Brutal persecution of Indians by the British during
the Quit India movement, during which Ambedkar was the labor
putting all his defending the British government [Sir John Woodhead et
and the facts which have been erased, Harper Collins, p. 64].
It would be a shock for many people today if they were told that,
Ambedkar was in fact against even the formation of a Constituent
Assembly. But this was the fact; in reality, Ambedkar wanted a
constitutional lawyer from the UK or the USA to preside over a
commission to make a constitution (Fig. 12). Moreover, according to
Ambedkar the Commission’s role of this commission would be limited
to suggesting modifications to the already Government of India Act of
1935, which was promulgated by the British. Essentially, Ambedkar
preferred a continuation of the British system of governance instead of
a constitution framed by fellow Indians.
and the facts which have been erased, Harper Collins, p. 19].
(1997), Worshipping False Gods; Ambedkar, and the facts which have
Ambedkar not only gave all his efforts towards the continuation of the
British rule of India, but he also had planned to restrict the newly
formed independent government to make way for a backdoor
neo-colonial intervention of India. He wanted the newly formed
government to make a treaty with Great Britain to allow them to
intervene in our internal affairs even after independence. Not only this,
but he also had an even more disruptive agenda of creating
autonomous tracts of territory for SCs all over the country (Fig. 14).
Figure 16. The sound defeat of Ambedkar’s party in the 1946 general
Ambedkar, and the facts which have been erased, Harper Collins, p.
50]
Since it was becoming clear that India’s freedom could not be stopped
now, Ambedkar quickly started pleading with the British government to
somehow give his party some positions of power in the newly formed
interim government (Fig. 17). This behavior reveals Ambedkar’s
tendency to go to any extent possible to curry favor with the colonialists
to gain the seats of power.
Figure 17. Ambedkar pleads with the British government to ensure him
Worshipping False Gods; Ambedkar, and the facts which have been
But, in the end, it was the same Hindu leaders of the Congress party,
whom Ambedkar had abused and dissed throughout his public life, who
ensured a seat for him in the Constituent Assembly, with their rather
misplaced sense of generosity. It was based on Sardar Patel’s phrase
of, “forget and forgive”, that Ambedkar got a chance to continue in the
Constituent Assembly and become the Chairman of the Drafting
Committee of the Constitution (Fig. 18).
Ambedkar, and the facts which have been erased, Harper Collins, p.
55].
5_19_p2437_p2520_2.pdf].
Conclusion
Throughout his public life, before the British left India, Ambedkar took
positions that were perfectly aligned with the needs of the British
Empire. All his attempts were either towards stopping or subverting the
Indian freedom movement. Even in dire situations such as the brutal
persecution of fellow Indians during the Quit India movement and the
Bengal Famines, he stood with the British without any hesitation. His
venomous views on Hinduism and his relentless attempts to fracture
the Hindu society by flaming inter-caste hatred make him unworthy of
the title of a national hero. Further, his quick overtures and adjustments
to gain political power reveal some of the possible motivations for his
actions. In summary, with the facts in hand, Ambedkar’s dangerous
proposals such as arrangements for the convenient neo-colonial
intervention of India, and the creation of separate settlements and
electorates for the scheduled caste communities which could have led
to sub-national and separatist tendencies, provides ample evidence to
show that Ambedkar was quite the opposite of a national hero, and
could be better described as a proponent of colonial subjugation and
fragmentation of the Hindu society, and thereby India.
Edited, printed , published owned by NAGARAJA.M.R. @ # LIG-2 No
INDIA
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Failed Constitution
94…..…26 / 11 / 2023 Editorial : Failed Constitution of India Out of the 763 Sitting MPs in Lok
Sabha and Rajya Sabha, a staggering 306 (40%) have declared criminal cases against themselves
such as charges of murder and crimes against women, as per the latest ADR report. More than half
of Karnataka’s newly elected legislators have declared criminal cases against themselves,
according to non-profits Karnataka Election Watch and Association for Democratic Reforms
(ADR). This year, 58% of the Congress’ winners, 52% of the BJP’s and 19% from the JDS have a
criminal background. In the serious crimes category, 40 candidates from the Congress , 23 from
the BJP and seven from the JDS are facing charges. One winning candidate is facing murder
charges, seven have declared cases related to crimes against women, and one is facing rape
charges. Please read the Vohra Committee Report on criminal nexus of corr
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Haram Pork & Halal Beef
LABELLING OF FOOD PRODUCTS & MEDICINES Conning Muslims to eat PORK &
Hindus to eat BEEF An Appeal to Honourable Supreme Court of India , Karnataka High Court
& National Human Rights Commission IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA ORIGINAL
NAGARAJA . M.R editor DALIT ONLINE & DECCAN INQUIRER # LIG 2 , No 761 ,,
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GOI New Delhi Ref : RTI no. MHOME/R/E/24/01003 We respect every human being equally
irrespective of caste, religion , region , skin colour , gender , etc. All of us have human rights of
equality by virtue of our birth. No government, no Constitution , no ambedkar, nobody can take
away those human rights. Those who violate our human rights are criminals. Dalits faced caste
discrimination is true. They need government support for their upliftment good , needed. But not
at the cost of others. Our Constitution, government is feeding a dalit child by snatching away
meal plate from General merit child. GM child is going hungry. Caste discrimination is bad ,
punishable. But what about reverse discrimination, punishment ? Please give us information
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