CHEMICAL REACTIONS

UNIT 8
USING ENDOTHERMIC REACTIONS

sodium hydrogencarbonate + citric acid --→ sodium citrate +

water + carbon dioxide
 Sodium hydrogencarbonate and citric acid are found in
sherbet sweets.
 When they dissolve in your saliva and react, it gives a
fizzy feeling in the mouth
 Energy is taken from the surrounding (your mouth) as it is
an endothermic reaction
 Hence eating sherbet sweets makes your mouth feel
cooler
USING EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS

 Self heating cans contain a small compartment at the bottom

which is separated into 2 parts by a barrier.
 The two parts each contain one of the reactants of an exothermic
reactions
calcium oxide + water ---> calcium hydroxide
 When the button is pushed, the barrier between the 2 parts break
and the reactants mix and react.
 Energy is released which heats up the drink.

Calcium
oxide
REACTIONS OF METALS

metal + oxygen --→ metal oxide

 Some metals such as sodium and potassium react with oxygen
very quickly even without heat
 This is why they are stored under oil to prevent air from
reaching it,
 Other metals such as gold do not react at all.
 The reactivity of a metal can be measured by seeing how
quickly is reacts with oxygen.

metal + water(g) ---→ metal oxide + hydrogen

 Usually water is used in the form of steam as it is hot and has
a lot of energy, so it enables some less reactive metals so
react with it,
 Metals generally react more rapidly with steam rather than
water.