Table 2: Pressure Drop in Column at Varying Air Flow Rates

PD 1 (Top) PD 2 (Bottom)
mm H2O mm H2O
Measurement 1
300 L/h, 0.3 m3/h air 6 25
Measurement 2
300 L/h, 1.8 m3/h air (max) 23 80

Pressure Drop vs Air flowrate

90
Pressure drop in the column in mm H2O

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2

Air Flowrate in m3/h

Top of the Column Bottom of the Column

Figure 3: Pressure Drop in Column at Varying Air Flow Rates

Table 3: Flow Rate of 300 NL/h and corresponding CO2 percentage along the column length
Flow Rate = 300 NL/h
Points t (min) 3 6 9 12 Mean
Top (S3) % C O 2 40.3 41.4 41.1 40.1 40.73
Middle (S2) % C O 2 41.2 41.2 41.4 40.9 41.18
Bottom (S1) % C O 2 41.9 42.2 42.8 41.5 42.10

First row of table 3:

40.3+41.4 +41.1+ 40.1
S 3average = =40.725 ≈ 40.73 % C O 2
4
 Table 4: Flow Rate of 200 NL/h and corresponding CO2 percentage along the column length
Flow Rate = 200 NL/h
Points t (min) 3 6 9 12 Mean
Top (S3) % C O2 39.0 39.1 39.4 40.7 39.55
Middle (S2) % C O2 42.0 40.0 39.9 41.4 40.82
Bottom (S1) % C O2 42.5 40.5 40.3 41.9 41.30

Last column of table 4:

42.5+40.5+ 40.3+ 41.9
S 3average = =41.30 % C O 2
4
Table 5: Flow Rates and CO2 percentage
Water C O2 Flow Rate Air % C O2 at the inlet % C O2 at the middle % C O2 at the outlet
Flow Rate (L/min) Flow (Bottom) of the column (Top)
(L/min) Rate
(m3 /h)
300 1.2 0.3 41.2 41.18 40.73
200 1.2 0.3 39.55 40.82 41.30

Calculating Henry’s constant:

C
H i , cp (T )=H i ,cp (T 25 ) × e
(T1 − T1 )
25

Where C for CO 2 is 2400 K as mentioned in the manual, at T = 20 ° C

−2
2400 ( 20+273.15
1
−
25 +273.15 )
1

H i , cp (T )=3.4 ×10 × e =0.0390036 ≈ 0.039 mol /(Latm)

Converting H cp to H Px:
Pgas P aq
H i , px = =
x CO M aq × H i ,cp
2

Pgas P aq
H i , px = =
x CO M aq × H i ,cp
2

3
Paq=1000 kg / m
M aq=18.02 kg / kmol

1000
H i , px = =1422.9(molaq . atm/mol gas )≈ 1422.9(mol aq . ¯¿ mol gas )
18.02× 0.0390
Note: 1 kmol/m3 =1 mol/L
Using the following relation to plot equilibrium line on load diagram.
p
Yi×
H i , px
Xi=
(
1+ 1−
p
H i , px )
×Yi

Iterating the calculations for values of Y incrementing by 0.1 from 0 to 1 we get table 6.
Table 6: Equilibrium curve data.

Y X
0 0
6.47E-
0.1 05
0.00011
0.2 9
0.00016
0.3 4
0.00020
0.4 3
0.00023
0.5 7
0.00026
0.6 7
0.00029
0.7 3
0.00031
0.8 7
0.00033
0.9 7
0.00035
1 6

Calculations for second row of table 6 has been shown:

For Y = 0.1
1.01325
0.1 ×
1422.9
Xi= =0.00006474 ≈ 6.474 ×10−5
(
1+ 1−
1.01325
1422.9
×0.1 )
Calculating the Gas and Liquid loading for carbon dioxide for:
Ni ¿
Y i= =Molar flow of gas component ¿ be absorbed i
NG Molar flow of inert residual gas mixture (air )
Ni ¿
Xi= =Molar flow of gas component ¿ be absorbed i
NL Molar flow of pure solvent (water )
PV =nRT
Since n*R are constant as moles of air stay as is so is the case with the molar gas constant, we
can find Qstd (volumetric flow rate at standard conditions)for air using the following formulae
P exp Qexp Pstd Qstd
=
T exp T std
3
Qexp=(0.3 m¿¿ 3/h)∗(1000 hL/60 m min)=5 L/min ¿

( 5 L / min ×1.01325 × ¯ 273 K )

Qstd = =4.65631929 ≈ 4.66 L / min
( 1.01325 ׯ ( 273.15+ 20 ) K )

Calculation of molar flow of air ie N G :

The molar volume of air at normal conditions is V m= 22.4 L/mol

Q std 4.66
NG= = =0.208 mol /min
V m 22.4

Calculations for Volumetric flow rate of water =Q L=300 NL/h

Calculation of molar flow of water ie N L:

Q L pL
N L=
ML
Density of water= p L =999.8 g/ L at 0 ° C

Molecular Weight of water =M L =18.02 g /mol

Volumetric flow rate of water =Q L=300 NL/h

300 ×999.8
N L= =16644.83 mol/h ×1 h /60 min=277.4 mol /min
18.02
Percentage of CO2 can be used to find the gas loading at inlet and outlet:
N CO 2∈¿
φ ¿S 1= ¿
N mix ∈¿ ¿

Where:
 φ ¿S 1=concentration∈volume %

N mix ∈¿=N CO 2∈¿+ N G ¿ ¿

N CO 2∈ L=N CO 2∈¿−N CO2 out ¿

N G =N G ∈¿− N G out ¿

CO 2 molar flow at inlet :

N φ¿ S1
100Vol %
CO 2∈¿= × NG ¿
φ ¿S 1
1−
100 Vol%

N 42.1 /100
CO 2∈¿= × 0.208=0.1500344 ≈0.1516 mol/ min¿
1−(42.1/ 100)

The gas loading at the inlet ie Y ¿ can be found as shown below:

N CO2∈ ¿
Y ¿= ¿
NG
0.1516
Y ¿= =0.728846 ≈ 0.729
0.208
CO 2 molar flow at outlet :

φout S 3
100 Vol%
N CO 2 out = × NG
φ out S 3
1−
100 Vol %
40.73 /100
N CO 2 out = × 0.208=0.1429363 ≈ 0.143 mol /min
1−(40.73/100)

The gas loading at the outlet ie Y out can be found as shown below:
N CO 2 out
Y out =
NG
0.143
Y out = =0.687
0.208
The loading difference of CO 2between the inlet and outlet is:
Δ Y =Y ¿ −Y out

Δ Y =0.704−0.687=0.017
Slope of the line of balance in the load diagram is given as:
N L ΔY
tan ( α ) = =
NG Δ X
NG
Δ X= × ΔY
NL
0.208 −5 −5
Δ X= ×0.027=2.02451333 ×10 ≈ 2.025 ×10
277.4
Considering X ¿ ¿ be 0 at Y out we can find X out :
N L Δ Y 277.4 0.687−0.738
= = =1333.6538=
N G Δ X 0.208 0−X out
−5
X out =3.7955 ×10

Calculations for Volumetric flow rate of water =Q L=200 NL/h

Calculation of molar flow of water i.e. N L:

200 × 999.8
N L= =11096.559 mol /h× 1 h/60 min=184.94 mol/min
18.02
Percentage of CO2 can be used to find the gas loading at inlet and outlet:
CO 2 molar flow at inlet :

N 41.30
100
CO 2∈¿= ×0.208=0.146344122≈ 0.146 mol/ min¿
41.30
1−
100

The gas loading at the inlet ie Y ¿ can be found as shown below:

N CO2∈ ¿
Y ¿= ¿
NG
0.146
Y ¿= =0.7035775 ≈ 0.704
0.208
CO 2 molar flow at outlet :

39.55
100
N CO 2 out = × 0.208=0.136086021≈ 0.136 mol/min
39.55
1−
100
The gas loading at the outlet i.e. Y out can be found as shown below:
 N CO 2 out
Y out =
NG
0.136
Y out = =0.654
0.208
The loading difference of CO 2between the inlet and outlet is:
Δ Y =Y ¿ −Y out

Δ Y =0.704−0.654=0.0497
Slope of the line of balance in the load diagram is given as:
N L ΔY
tan ( α ) = =
NG Δ X
NG
Δ X= × ΔY
NL
0.208 −5 −5
Δ X= ×0.0497=5.59423515 ×10 ≈ 5.59 ×10
184.94
Considering X ¿ ¿ be 0 at Y out we can find X out :
N L Δ Y 184.94 0.654−0.704
= = =889.13=
N G Δ X 0.208 0− X out
−5
X out =5.62× 10

Table 7: For loading of CO2

Q L(NL/h) N L/ N G CO 2loading in CO 2loading out CO 2loading
in solvent
−5
300 1333.65 0.738 0.687 3.796 ×10
−5
200 889.13 0.704 0.654 5.62 ×10

Table 8: For loading lines data plotted

Xi Yi
For 300 NL/h 0 0.687
−5
3.796 ×10 0.738
Xi Yi
For 200 NL/h 0 0.654
−5
5.62 ×10 0.704
 1.2

0.8

0.6
Yi

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.00005 0.0001 0.00015 0.0002 0.00025 0.0003 0.00035 0.0004 0.00045

Xi

Equillibrium Curve 300 L/min 200 L/min

Figure 4: X-Y diagram for Absorption Column with CO2 loading