Answer Math M1-3

DIVISION
ASIAN MATHS OLYMPIAD

S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
YEAR 7,8,9 2020 CONTEST
1. The congruent trapezoids below are join together to form a closed ring.
Find the total number of trapezoids so that it can form a closed ring.
-1
2. Alicia drives from her house to the train station. If she drives at the rate of 10kmh ,
-1
she reaches the train station at 6 pm. If she drives at 15kmh , she would reach the train
station at 4 pm. At what speed, in kmh -1 , should she drive so that reach the train station
at 5 pm?
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DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
3. Find the missing entries in the magic square shown below, so that the sum of the three
numbers in each of the three rows, in each of the three columns and along the two
major diagonals is the same constant L. Find also the value L.
33
31 28
4. Let E(d) denote the number of even digits in d, for example, E(2)=1, E(19)=0,
E(5672)=2 etc. Find E[ E (101)  E (201)  E (301)   E (2001)] .
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
5. In how many ways can the letters of the word MASSACHUSETTS be permuted in such a
way that MASS is always together, in this order?
6. The product of 3 integers a, b, c is 192. If a=4 and h is equal to the average of
b and c. Find the minimum possible value of h.
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
7. In ABC , BC=20 cm, median BE=18 cm and median CF=24 cm (E, F are midpoints
of AC, AB respectively). Determine the area of ABC .
8. Let y  0.12345678910111213    997998999 where the digits are obtained by

writing the integers 1 through 999 in order. The 1983rd digit to the right of the decimal
point is p. Determine p.
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
9. Find the number of two digit numbers divisible by the product of the digits.
10. Solve the equation below.
( a  b  c ) 2  (2a  3b  2c  4) 2  ( a  b  c  8) 2  0 .
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
11. The diagram below is not drawn to scale. Determine the area of the unknown part
in units2.
12. x1 , x2 , x3  x10 are integers none of which are divisible by 3.
Find the remainder when x12  x22  x32    x10

2
is divisible by 3.
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
13. Four bags were to be weighed but the scale could only weigh in excess of 100 kg. If the
bags were weighed in pairs and the weights were found to be 103, 105, 106, 107 and 109,
then find the weight of the lightest bag.
1 1 1 19
14. Find the positive integers a, b, c such that a  b  c and    .
a ab abc 97
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
15. The digits 1, 2, 3, 4 are used to generate 256 different 4-digit numbers.
Find the sum of the 256 numbers.
16. How many solutions are there for (x, y) if 7xy73 is a five digit number
divisible by 99?
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
17. A smartphone uses a four-digit passcode, like 0787. Alan wants to reset the passcode such
that the new passcode cannot have the digit 7 followed by the digit 8. Determine there are
total of how many different passcodes can be formed.
18. Determine the smallest positive integer on such that x  x  1  0.01 .
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
19. Starting with the four-digit number H in base 10, we subtract a 3-digit number formed by
dropping of the last digit (on the right) of H, and then, we add the 2-digit number formed by
dropping the last 2 digits of H and add the one-digit number formed by dropping the last
three digits of H. Determine the number H if the above computations yield 1999.
20. The measures of length of the sides of a triangle are integers and that of its area is also an
integer. One side is 21 cm and the perimeter is 48 cm. Determine the measure of the
shortest side.
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
21. As shown in the diagram below, if the chord on the left has a length of 10, and the chord on
the right has a length of 12, then find the length of the chord in the middle, x.
x x
22. Find the smallest positive integer x such that is a perfect square, is a perfect cube,
2 3
x
and is a perfect fifth power.
5
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
23. Determine all primes x and y such that x2  7 xy  y 2 is the square of an integer.
24. The line parallel to the parallel sides of a trapezium passing through the midpoints of the
slant sides divides the trapezium in the ratio 5:2. Determine the ratio of the parallel sides.
DIVISION
S SCHOOL LEVEL
SECONDARY
25. Kate has 12 rods each of 13 units length. They are to be put into pieces measuring 3, 4, 5
units so that the resulting pieces can be assembled into 13 triangles of sides 3, 4, 5 units.
How should the rods be cut?
ANSWER
YEAR 7, 8 & 9
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
S OLYMPIAD CONTEST 2020
SECONDARY (SCHOOL ROUND)
YEAR 7,8,9
ANSWER SHEET
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
18 12 L=96 1 907200
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. a=4
-24.5 288 7 5 b=4
c=0
11. 12. 13. 14.
a=5 15.
11 1 51 b=49
c=97
711040
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
1 9701 2501 2195 10

3 rods are to be
21. 22. 23. (3,11) 24. 25. cut to pieces of
3, 3, 3, 4 units,
(11,3)
13:1
4 rods into
pieces of 5, 5, 3
or units and
5 rods in to
(5,5) pieces of 4, 4, 5
units
SOLUTION
YEAR 7, 8 & 9
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
S OLYMPIAD SOLUTION 2020
YEAR 7,8,9
1.
Total number of trapezoids

360
  18
20
2. If d be the distance between the house and the train station.

d d
 2
10 15
d
2
30
d  60 km
If s the speed at which she should drive to reach the train station at 4 pm, then
60 60
 1
10 s
60
6 1
s
60
5
s
s  12 kmh -1
-1
Therefore, Alicia should drive at 12kmh .
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
3. Since the sum is L, the centre square must have L  (33  31)  L  64 .
Again the square at the 3rd row, 3rd column must have solution L-59.
Therefore, the second sequence in the 3rd column must have L  (33  L  59)  26 .
L-69 36 33
38 L-64 26
31 28 L-59
Second square on the first column has L  ( L  64  26)  38 .

The first square in the first column has L  (38  31)  L  69 .
The second square in the first column has L  ( L  69  33)  36 .
Using the main diagonal, we have 3L  69  64  59  L i.e., L=96.
Therefore, the magic square is

27 36 33
38 32 26
31 28 37
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
4. In the sequence 101, 201, 301, …, 901, 1001, 1101, … 1901, 2001, there are
2001  101
 1  20 terms.
100
The number of even numbers in these terms are alternatively 1 and 2 up to 1901 and for 2001 it
is 3.
Therefore,
E (101)  E (201)  E (301)  E (2001)
 1 2 1 2 1 3
 29 110  3  1536
E[ E (101)  E (201)  E (301)  E (2001)]  E (1536)  1 .
5. The particle MASS can be considered as one block and the 9 letters A, C, H, U, S, E, T, T, S.
In A, C, H, U, S, E, T, T, S there are four S’s and two T’s and so the total number of
10!
permutations sought is  907200 .
2!2!
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
6.
abc  192
(4)bc  192
bc  48
bc
min h  min b and c are integers
2
Since b and c can be negative integers.
Factor of 48
1 48  48
2  24  48
3  16  48
4  12  48
6  8  48
Average of b and c
1  48
 24.5 (the minimum value)
2
2  24
 13
2
3  16
 9.5
2
4  12
 8
2
6  8
 7
2
Therefore, the minimum possible value of h is -24.5.
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
BG CG
7. Since   2 , (G is the centroid), BG=12 cm, CG=16 cm.
GE GF
Area of ABC
 3BGC
 3 24  4  8  12
 288 cm2
8. In one stretch there will be 9  (90  2)  (900  3) digits. Giving up to 2 digits numbers,
there one 189 numbers.
1983  189  1794

1794
 598
3
Hence, 598 three digit numbers starting from 100 will be taken into account. i.e., up the number
697. The 1983rd digit is therefore 7. i.e., p=7 which is required.
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
9. Let the number be denoted by xy so that it is equal (10x+y). As xy, the product of the digits x
and y divides (10x+y), we must have ‘x’ as a divisor of ‘y’
i.e., x  y
As x and y are from 0, 1, 2, …, 9, it follows that ‘x’ can at best be 4 i.e., x  4 .
When x=1, of the numbers 11, 12, …, 19, only 11, 12 15 have the defined property.
When x=2, of the numbers 21, 22, …, 29, only 24 has the defined property.
When x=3, of the numbers 31, 32, …, 39, only 36 has the defined property.
When x=4, of the numbers 41, 42, …, 49, none has the defined property.
Therefore, the number of numbers with the stated property is 5, namely, 11, 12, 15, 24, 36.
10.
( a  b  c ) 2  (2a  3b  2c  4) 2  ( a  b  c  8) 2  0
a  b  c  0 --------- (1)
2a  3b  2c  4  0 ------------- (2)
a  b  c  8  0 -------------- (3)
(1) + (3)
a b  c  a  b  c 8  0
2a  8  0
a4
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
From (2)
2a  3b  2c  4  0
8  3b  2c  4  0
2c  12  3b ----------- (2a)
From (3)
4 b  c 8  0
b  c  4 ------------- (3a)
(2a) – 2 x (3a)
2c  12  2b  2c  3b  8
20  5b
b4
From (3a)
bc  4
4c  4
c0
Therefore, a  4 , b  4 , and c  0 .
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
11.
The triangles are similar.

Their areas are in ratio 4:1.
Their sides are in ratio 2:1.
Area of the small triangle = 1

1
ah  1
2
ah  2
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
Area of the rectangle

 3h  2a
 6ah
 6(2)
 12 units2
Area of the unknown part

 12  1  3  4  4 units2
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
12. 3 does not divide xi , i  1, 2,...,10 . Then x12 leaves remainder 1 on divisors by 3 for
if xi  3k  1 ,
xi2  (3k  1)2
xi2  9k 2  6k  1
xi2  3(3k 2  2k )  1
and if
xi  3k  2 ,
xi2  (3k  2)2
xi2  9k 2  12k  4
xi2  3(3k 2  4k  1)  1
x12  x22  x32    x10

2
= a multiple of 3+10
= a multiple of 3+1.
Therefore, this sum leaves remainder 1 when divided by 3.
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
13. Let a, b, c, d be the weights in kg of the four bags where a  b  c  d . Then 103, 105, 106,
107 and 109 are a  b, a  c,..., c  d in some order. We have
a  b  a  c  a  d  b  d  c  d and a  b  a  c  b  c  b  d  c  d .
Therefore, (a+b) is least and (c+d) is greatest.
Of the remaining four, the least is (a+c) and the greatest is (b+d).
It follows that a  b  103, c  d  109, a  c  105, b  d  107, a  d  106  b  c
Hence
2a  (a  b)  (a  d )  (b  d )
2 a  103  106  107
2 a  102
a  51
Therefore, the weight of the lightest bag is 51 kg.
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
14. The equation is equivalent to 19 abc  97(bc  c  1) or 19 abc  97  97 c  (b  1) .
19 and 97 are primes and so 97 should divide one of a, b, c. Also c should divide 97 which
means that c=97 is prime.
2
Then 97(19 ab  1)  97 (b  1) or 19 ab  1  97(b  1) . i.e., 19 ab  97 b  98 .
2
From this, it follow that b divides 98  2  49  2  7 , b being less than c=97. The
possibilities are b  2, b  7, b  14, b  49 .
If b  2,19  2  a  2  97, 98  96 , so that a is not an integer.
If b  7,19 a  83 , so that a is not an integer.

If b  14,19 a  90 , so that a is not an integer.
If b  49,19  49 a  49  97  98 .
i.e., 19 a  57  2  55 so that a=5.

Therefore, a  5, b  49, c  97 .
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
256
15. In the unit’s place, each of the digits will occur  64 times.
4
256
In the ten’s place, each of the digits will occur  64 times.
4
256
In the hundred’s place, each of the digits will occur  64 times.
4
256
In the thousands’s place, each of the digits will occur  64 times.
4
Total  64(1  2  3  4)  64(10)(1  2  3  4)  64(100)(1  2  3  4)  64(1000)(1  2  3  4)  711040
Therefore, the sum of the 256 numbers is 711040.
16. We can write 7xy73 as 7xy hundreds +73.
But this is same as 7xy times 99  (7 xy  73) .
For 99 to be a divisor of 7xy73, we therefore have (7 x  y  73) as a multiple of 99.
Giving various digital values to x, y from 0, 1, 2, …, 9 we find that 7xy+73 can be a number
from 700+73 to 799+73 i.e., a number from 773 to 872.
In this range only 792 is divisible by 99.
7xy coincides with 792-73 i.e., with 719.
Therefore, x=1; y=9.

Hence, there is only one pair of values (1, 9) for (x, y).
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
17. Total number of passcodes - number of passcodes with 7 followed by 8 = number of

passcodes without 7 followed by 8
total number of passcodes  10  10  10  10  10000
number of passcodes with 7 followed by 8

7 8 * * 100
* 7 8 * 100
* * 7 8 100
7 8 7 8 -1
number of passcodes without 7 followed by 8

 10000  (100  100  100  1)
 10000  299
 9701
18. Given
x  x  1  0.01
( x  x  1)( x  x  1) 1

x  x 1 100
1 1

x x 1 100
x  x  1  100
i.e.,
2 x  100
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
x  50
x  2500
1 1 1
decreases as x increases. If x is the smallest, such that  , it is
x  x 1 x x 1 100
1 1
given that  i.e., x  1  x  2  100 .
x 1  x  2 100
or
2 x  2  100
or
x  2  50
x  2  2500
x  2502
Therefore, x  2501 is the smallest positive integer.
19. Let the required number be a 103  b 102  c 10  d .
(a  103  b  10 2  c  10  d )  (a  10 2  b  10  c)  (a  10  b)  a  1999
a(103  10 2  10  1)  b(10 2  10  1)  c(10  1)  d  1999
911a  91b  9c  d  1999
1999  2  911  177

177  1 91  86
86  9  9  5
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
911a  91b  9c  d  1999

911a  91b  9c  d  2  911  177
911a  91b  9c  d  2  911  1 91  86
911a  91b  9c  d  2  911  1 91  9  9  5
Therefore, a=2, b=1, c=9, d=5.
Hence, the required number is 2195.
20. Let a, b be the other two sides. Then a  b  27
a  b  c 48
s   24
2 2
a  b  27
a  3  27  b  3
a  3  24  b
Area of the triangle
 s ( s  a )( s  b )( s  c )
 24(24  a )(24  b)(24  21)
 24(24  a )( a  3)(3)
 72(24  a )( a  3)
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
Now 72(24  a )( a  3) must be a perfect square. If ‘a’ is the shortest side, then a  13 (semi
perimeter). Therefore, a=10 is the only possible value among the given values satisfying the
conditions.
Therefore, of a=10, area  72(24  10)(10  3)  72(14)(7)  84 cm2 which is an integer.
The measure of the shortest side is 10 cm.
21.
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
y 2  x 2  12 2  2( x )(12) cos 30 -------------- (1)
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
y 2  x 2  10 2  2( x )(10) cos 30 ----------------- (2)
(1) – (2)
0  12 2  10 2  2( x )(12) cos 30  2( x )(10) cos 30
0  12 2  10 2  24 x cos 30  20 x cos 30
0  12 2  10 2  4 x cos 30
4 x cos 30  12 2  10 2
4 x cos 30  44
x cos 30  11
11
x
cos 30
11
x
3
( )
2
22
x
3
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
22. Since x is divisible by 2, 3, and 5, we may assume that it has the form x  2a 3b 5c . Then
x
 2a 13b5c
2
x
 2a 3b 15c
3
x
 2a 3b 5c 1
5
x x
Since must be a perfect square, a  1 , b, and c must all be even. Since is a perfect cube, a,
2 3
x
b  1 , and c must all be multiples of 3. Since is a perfect fifth power, a, b, and c  1 must all
5
be multiples of 5. The smallest values that satisfy these conditions are a  15, b  10 , and c  6 .
Therefore, x  21531056 is the smallest such positive integer.
23.
x2  7 xy  y 2  a 2 for some a  N .
x2  7 xy  y 2  a 2
a2  x2  y 2  2 xy  7 xy  2 xy
a2  ( x  y)2  5xy
( a  x  y )( a  x  y )  5 xy
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
As a  x  y  5 or x  y , we have a  x  y  5 x or 5y or xy.
If a  x  y  5 x , then a  x  y  y .
2( x  y )  5 x  y
2 x  2 y  5x  y
3 y  3x
x y
The case a  x  y  5 y is similar.
If a  x  y  xy , then a  x  y  5 and so
2 x  2 y  (a  x  y )  (a  x  y )  xy  5 and so xy  2 x  2 y  4  5  4  9 .
i.e., ( x  y )( y  2)  y  1 9  9  1  3  3 . Taking all positive cases, ( x  2, y  2)  (1,9) or (9,1)

or (3,3) .
i.e., ( x  y )  (3,11) or (11,3) , (5,5) .
Therefore, the solution set (x, y) are (3,11) or (11,3) or (5,5) .
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
24.
1 x y
Area of trapezium ABFE  h( x  )
2 2
where PM=PN=h and AB=x and CD=y.
1 1
For area of trapezium ABFE  PM ( AB  EF )  h( x  EF )
2 2
( AB  CD ) x  y
and EF   .
2 2
1 x y
Similarly, area of trapezium EFCD  h( y  ).
2 2
Hence,
1 x y
h( x  )
Area of ABFE 2 2

Area of EFCD 1 x y
h( y  )
2 2
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
2x  x  y
Area of ABFE 2

Area of EFCD 2 y  x  y
2
Area of ABFE 2 x  x  y

Area of EFCD 2 y  x  y
Area of ABFE 3x  y 5
 
Area of EFCD x  3 y 2
3x  y 5

x  3y 2
2(3x  y )  5( x  3 y )
6 x  2 y  5 x  15 y
x  13 y
x 13

y 1
Therefore, the parallel sides are in the ratio 13:1.
DIVISION
ASIAN MATHEMATICS
YEAR 7,8,9
25. Now 13  3  3  3  4  5  5  3  4  4  5 these being the only ways of portioning 13

using only 3, 4, 5. Let x rods be cut in the first way, y in the second way and z in the third way.
Under the given condition, there should be 13 pieces each of length 3, 4, 5 units. Therefore,
3 x  y  13, x  2 z  13, 2 y  z  13 .
We have to solve for x , y , z from these equations. Eliminating x from the first equations.
6 z  y  26 which gives along with the third equations 13 z  65 or z  5 so that y  4 .
From the second equations, x  3 . Therefore, 3 rods are to be cut to pieces of 3, 3, 3, 4 units, 4
rods into pieces of 5, 5, 3 units and 5 rods in to pieces of 4, 4, 5 units.

Answer Math M1-3

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Answer Math M1-3

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DIVISION

ASIAN MATHS OLYMPIAD

6. The product of 3 integers a, b, c is 192. If a=4 and h is equal to the average of

b and c. Find the minimum possible value of h.

8. Let y  0.12345678910111213    997998999 where the digits are obtained by

10. Solve the equation below.

12. x1 , x2 , x3  x10 are integers none of which are divisible by 3.

Find the remainder when x12  x22  x32    x10

18. Determine the smallest positive integer on such that x  x  1  0.01 .

16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

1 9701 2501 2195 10

Total number of trapezoids

2. If d be the distance between the house and the train station.

Second square on the first column has L  ( L  64  26)  38 .

Using the main diagonal, we have 3L  69  64  59  L i.e., L=96.

Therefore, the magic square is

E[ E (101)  E (201)  E (301)  E (2001)]  E (1536)  1 .

1983  189  1794

As x and y are from 0, 1, 2, …, 9, it follows that ‘x’ can at best be 4 i.e., x  4 .

The triangles are similar.

Area of the small triangle = 1

Area of the rectangle

Area of the unknown part

xi2  (3k  1)2

xi2  (3k  2)2

x12  x22  x32    x10

Therefore, this sum leaves remainder 1 when divided by 3.

Therefore, (a+b) is least and (c+d) is greatest.

It follows that a  b  103, c  d  109, a  c  105, b  d  107, a  d  106  b  c

Therefore, the weight of the lightest bag is 51 kg.

14. The equation is equivalent to 19 abc  97(bc  c  1) or 19 abc  97  97 c  (b  1) .

If b  2,19  2  a  2  97, 98  96 , so that a is not an integer.

If b  7,19 a  83 , so that a is not an integer.

i.e., 19 a  57  2  55 so that a=5.

Therefore, the sum of the 256 numbers is 711040.

16. We can write 7xy73 as 7xy hundreds +73.

But this is same as 7xy times 99  (7 xy  73) .

For 99 to be a divisor of 7xy73, we therefore have (7 x  y  73) as a multiple of 99.

In this range only 792 is divisible by 99.

7xy coincides with 792-73 i.e., with 719.

Therefore, x=1; y=9.

17. Total number of passcodes - number of passcodes with 7 followed by 8 = number of

total number of passcodes  10  10  10  10  10000

number of passcodes with 7 followed by 8

number of passcodes without 7 followed by 8

Therefore, x  2501 is the smallest positive integer.

19. Let the required number be a 103  b 102  c 10  d .

a(103  10 2  10  1)  b(10 2  10  1)  c(10  1)  d  1999

911a  91b  9c  d  1999

1999  2  911  177

911a  91b  9c  d  1999

Therefore, a=2, b=1, c=9, d=5.

Hence, the required number is 2195.

20. Let a, b be the other two sides. Then a  b  27

Area of the triangle

 24(24  a )(24  b)(24  21)

Therefore, of a=10, area  72(24  10)(10  3)  72(14)(7)  84 cm2 which is an integer.

The measure of the shortest side is 10 cm.

y 2  x 2  12 2  2( x )(12) cos 30 -------------- (1)

y 2  x 2  10 2  2( x )(10) cos 30 ----------------- (2)

0  12 2  10 2  2( x )(12) cos 30  2( x )(10) cos 30

0  12 2  10 2  24 x cos 30  20 x cos 30

Therefore, x  21531056 is the smallest such positive integer.

The case a  x  y  5 y is similar.