2024 PhysicsBowl Exam Equations

1
x = v0 t + at 2 v = v0 + at v 2 = v02 + 2ax
2
  m1 m2
 F = ma F fric   FN Fg = G
r2
  𝒗𝟐
Fg = mg p = mv 𝑎=
𝒓

vt = r at = r  = RF sin  = R⊥ F = RF⊥
 
 = I
1
KE = mv 2 PE g = mgy
2
1 𝑊
W = Fd cos  = F|| d = Fd || PE s = kx 2 𝑃=
2 ∆𝑡
  m L
F = − kx T = 2 T = 2
k g
𝑚 1 1
𝜌= Fbuoy = gV P1 +  v12 + gy1 = P2 +  v22 + gy 2
𝑉 2 2
𝐹
𝑃= PV = nRT = Nk B T U = Q + Won system
𝐴
Q
Q = mcT Q =  mL S =
T
 v  vobs  𝑐
v = f f o = f s  snd  𝑛=
𝑣
 v snd  v src 
1 1 1
n1 sin 1 = n2 sin  2 m = d sin  = +
f do di

di q1 q 2  F
m=− Fe = k E=
do r2 q
kq 𝑊
V= 𝑉= V = − Ed cos  = − E|| d = − Ed ||
r 𝑞
kq q 1
PE e = 1 2 Q = CV PE = CV 2
r 2
V = RI P = IV F = qvB sin  = qvB⊥
 I
B= 0 B =  0 nI F = ILB sin  = ILB⊥
2 r
𝐵∆𝐴
𝜀 = 𝑣𝐵𝐿 = ( )
𝑡

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 h
E =  m0 c 2 = mc 2 E = hf p=

ℎ𝑓 = 𝐾𝐸𝑒 + 𝑊0 𝑄 = 𝑒𝜎𝑇 4 𝐴𝑡

𝑚𝑣 𝑚𝑐 2
𝑝= 2
𝐸= 2
√1−𝑣2 √1−𝑣2
𝑐 𝑐

Moments of Inertia:
Hoop with a perpendicular axis through its center: 𝐼 = 𝑀𝑅 2
1
Solid disk or cylinder with a perpendicular axis through its center: 𝐼 = 2 𝑀𝑅 2
2
Solid sphere about a diameter: 𝐼 = 5 𝑀𝑅 2
1
Thin rod about the center, perpendicular to rod: 𝐼 = 12 𝑀𝐿2
1
Thin rod about the end: 𝐼 = 3 𝑀𝐿2