HO CHI MINH CITY INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

MIDTERM EXAMINATION

Academic year 2018-2019, Semester 2

Duration: 120 minutes

SUBJECT:
Differential Equations (FERM)
Head of Department of Mathematics Lecturer:

Signature: Signature:

Full name: Associate Prof. Pham Huu Anh Ngoc Full name: Pham Huu Anh Ngoc

Instructions:

• Each student is allowed a scientific calculator and a maximum of two double-sided sheets of
reference material (size A4 or similar), stapled together and marked with their name and ID.
All other documents and electronic devices are forbidden.

Question 1. (15 marks) A simple model for the shape of a tsunami is given by

dW √
= W 4 − 2W ,
dx
where W (x) > 0 is the high of the wave expressed as a function of its position relative to a point of
shore. Find all constant solutions of the differential equation. Solve the differential equation.
Question 2. (20 marks) Show that the differential equation

2xe2y − y sin(xy) dx + 2x2 e2y − x sin(xy) + 2y dy = 0,

is exact. Solve it.

Question 3. (15 marks) Find the solution to the initial value problem

xy 0 + (x − 1)y = x2 e2019x , y(1) = 2010.

Question 4. a) (15 marks) Determine the form of a particular solution of the differential equation

y 00 − 4y 0 + 4y = e2x (x3 + 1) + ex (x + 1) sin x.

b) (15 marks) Find the general solution of the differential equation

y 00 − 4y 0 + 4y = (x + 1)ex .

Question 5. (20 marks) Solve the following differential equation

x2 y 00 − 4xy 0 + 4y = x.

END.

1
 SOLUTIONS:
Question 1. The limiting value of the population is 1, 000, 000. The population will reach 500, 000
in 5.29 months.
Question 2. The given differential equation is rewritten as

(e2y dx + xde2y ) − cos(xy)(xdy + ydx) + dy 2 = 0.

Then, we get
d(e2y x) − cos(xy)d(xy) + dy 2 = d(e2y x) + d(− sin(xy)) + dy 2 = 0.
Therefore,
d(e2y x − sin(xy) + y 2 ) = 0.
Thus the general solution is given by

e2y x − sin(xy) + y 2 = C.

Question 3. Consider the differential equation

y 0 − (sin x)y = 2 sin x.

The integrating factor is given by I(x) = ecos x . Thus, we get

ecos x y 0 − ecos x (sin x)y = 2ecos x sin x.

This gives Z
d cos x
(e y) = 2 ecos x sin xdx = −2ecos x + C.
dx
Therefore, the general solution is
C
y(x) = −2 + .
ecos x
3
Since y( π2 ) = 1, the particular solution is y(x) = −2 + ecos x.

Question 4. a) The form of a particular solution of the differential equation

y 00 − 4y 0 + 3y = e2x (x3 + 1) + ex (x + 1)

is given by
yp (x) = e2x (Ax3 + Bx2 + Cx + D) + ex (Ex2 + F x).
The general solution of the differential equation

y 00 − 4y 0 + 3y = ex (x + 1)

is given by
1 3
y(x) = c1 ex + c2 e3x − ex ( x2 + x).
4 4
Question 5. a) a = b = q, q ∈ R.
b) Note that y1 (x) = x + 1 is a particular solution of the differential equation

(1 − 2x − x2 )y 00 + 2(x + 1)y 0 − 2y = 0.

By the Liouville formula, y2 (x) = x2 + x + 2 is a solution of this equation such that y1 , y2 are linearly
independent. So, the general solution is given by

y(x) = c1 (x + 1) + c2 (x2 + x + 2).