Sub Netting

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(i) To subnet the network 192.168.1.

0 into six subnets, we need to borrow enough


bits from the host portion to accommodate six subnets. The formula to determine the
number of bits to borrow is 2^n ≥ number of subnets, where n is the number of bits
borrowed. In this case, 2^3 = 8, which is more than six. So, we need to borrow 3
bits.

The original subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, which is represented in binary as


11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. When we borrow 3 bits, the new subnet mask
will be:

11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

In decimal notation, this is 255.255.255.224.

(ii) To list each of the IP subnet network addresses, we need to determine the
range for each subnet.

Subnet 1:
Network address: 192.168.1.0
Broadcast address: 192.168.1.31
Range: 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.30

Subnet 2:
Network address: 192.168.1.32
Broadcast address: 192.168.1.63
Range: 192.168.1.33 - 192.168.1.62

Subnet 3:
Network address: 192.168.1.64
Broadcast address: 192.168.1.95
Range: 192.168.1.65 - 192.168.1.94

Subnet 4:
Network address: 192.168.1.96
Broadcast address: 192.168.1.127
Range: 192.168.1.97 - 192.168.1.126

Subnet 5:
Network address: 192.168.1.128
Broadcast address: 192.168.1.159
Range: 192.168.1.129 - 192.168.1.158

Subnet 6:
Network address: 192.168.1.160
Broadcast address: 192.168.1.191
Range: 192.168.1.161 - 192.168.1.190

(iii) To calculate the number of hosts per subnet, we use the formula 2^(number of
host bits) - 2. In this case, we borrowed 3 bits for subnetting, so the number of
host bits is 5 (8 bits in a byte - 3 bits for subnetting = 5 bits for hosts).

2^5 - 2 = 30 hosts per subnet.

(iv) The broadcast address for the network 192.168.1.0/24 is the last address in
the subnet, which is 192.168.1.255.

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