LITE 2nd Semester - Midterm Examination Pointers
CHAPTER 3: COMPUTER SOFTWARE
LITE - Midterm Exam Pointer
SOFTWARE (PROGRAMS): It consists of a series of related
instructions, organized for a common purpose that tells a computer
what tasks to perform and how to perform them. software is the soul
of the computer.
2 TYPES OF SOFTWARE
1. Application software
2. System software
APPLICATION SOFTWARE: an application, or app sometimes
called application software, consist of programs designed to make
users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE IS AVAILABLE IN:
RETAIL SOFTWARE: it is a mass produced, copyrighted retail
software that meets the needs of a wide variety users, not just a
single user or company variety of forms:
CUSTOM SOFTWARE: designs to meet the needs of a specific
business or industry.
WEB APP: application stored on a web server that you access
through a browser.
MOBILE APP: you download from a mobile device's app store or
other location on the internet. variety of forms:
MOBILE WEB APP: is a web app that is optimized for display in a
browser on a mobile device. regardless of screen size or
orientation. shareware copyrighted software that is distributed at no
cost for a trial period
SHAREWARE: copyrighted software that is distributed at no cost
FREEWARE: copyrighted variety of forms: software provided at no
cost by an individual or a company that retains all rights to the
software
OPEN-SOURCE: software software free (no cost) available to
anyone in a form that can be easily modified
PUBLIC DOMAIN SOFTWARE: it can be copied, sold, and/or
modified.it as poor quality or unreliable.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE: programs that control or maintain the
operations of the computer and its devices and it enables the
application software to run.
2 types of system software
1. operating system
2. utility programs
OPERATING SYSTEM: is a set of programs that coordinate all of
the activities among the computer's hardware components.
OPERATING SYSTEM FUNCTIONS
• starting and shutting down computers and mobile devises -
starting or restarting a computer is called booting.
• providing user interface
• user interface (ui)
•graphical user interface (gui)
• command-line interface (cli)
• managing programs
the os also control how many
programs a user can run any one time. an os can be single tasking
or multitasking.
 LITE 2nd Semester - Midterm Examination Pointers
• managing memory - the purpose of memory management is to
optimize the use of computer internal memory, ram. if you run too
many programs at the same time, it is possible to run out of ram.
with virtual memory, the os allocates a portion of the hard disk, to
function as additional ram.
• controlling a network - allows computers in a network to send
and receive data and share computing resources.
• administering security-logins and passwords. protection
against unauthorized access. most of the multi-user os allows each
log on to a network, which is the process of entering username or
user id and password.
• coordinating tasks the os determines the order in which tasks
are processed
UTILITY PROGRAMS: also known as utility is a type of software
that allows user to perform maintenance - type of tasks - usually to
manage computers - its device or its programs
✓ Examples:
\a. Image Viewer - with an image viewer tool, users to display,
copy, and print the contents of a graphics file. Users can see
images without having to open them in a paint or images editing
program
b. Disk Defragmenter - is a utility tool that reorganizes the files and
unused space on a computer's hard disk so that the OS_can
access data more quickly and programs run faster and programs
run faster. When the contents of a file are scattered across two or
more non-contiguous sectors, the file is fragmented.
Fragmentation – Slows down disk access and the performance of
the entire computer.
Defragmentation - The disk or reorganizing it so the files are stored
in contiguous sectors, solves this problem.
c. Disk Clean-up - a disk clean-up tools searches for and removes
unnecessary files. Unnecessary files may include downloaded
program files, temporary Internet files, deleted files, and unused
programs files. Operating systems usually include a disk clean- up
tool.
d. File compression - a file compression tools shrink the size of a
file(s). a compressed file takes up less storage space than the
original file. Compressing files frees up room on the storage
Media.
e. Back-up and restore - a back-up tool allows users to copy, or
back up, selected files or the contents of an entire storage medium
to another storage location, such as another hard drive, optical disc,
USB flash drive, or cloud storage. While restore tool reverses the
process and returns
USES OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE
1. operating systems a software that manages computer hardware
resources and provides common services for computer programs.
ex. includes windows, macos and linux
2. productivity software - an application that help users create
documents, spreadsheets, presentations, and manage information.
ex. includes microsoft office, google workspace and libreoffice
3. graphics and design a software used for editing, producing, and
enhancing videos. ex. include adobe photoshop, illustrator, and
coreldraw
4. video editing and production a software used for editing,
producing, and enhancing videos. ex. include adobe premiere pro,
final cut pro, and davinci resolve
5. web browsers - a software used to access information on the
world wide web. ex. include google chrome, mozilla firefox, and
microsoft edge.
 LITE 2nd Semester - Midterm Examination Pointers
6. antivirus and security software - a programs designed to 6. improves productivity - software applications such as project
protect computers from viruses, malware, and other security management tools, office suites, and collaboration platforms help
threats. ex. include norton antivirus, mcafee and windows defender streamline workflows, manage tasks, and boost productivity in
7. gaming software a software used to play video games on various industries.
computers and gaming consoles on computers and gaming 7. enables innovation - software development drives technological
consoles. ex. include steam, origin, and epic games launcher innovation by creating new solutions, products, and services that
8. educational software a software designed for educational addresses emerging challenges and improves the quality of life.
purposes, such as interactive learning programs, simulations, and 8. supports research and development - software plays a critical
virtual labs. ex. include khan academy, rosetta stones, and moodle role in scientific research, engineering, and
9. financial software - an application used for managing personal development by providing tools for data analysis,
of business finances, accounting, and financial planning. ex. include simulations, modeling, and experimentation.
quickbooks, turbotax, mint 9. enhances user experience - software design and user interface
10. communication software - a tools used for communication (ui) play a crucial role in providing a positive user experience,
such as email clients, managing apps, and video conferencing making applications, intuitive, easy to use, and visually appealing.
software. ex. microsoft outlook, slack, zoom, and skype 10. security and protection - software includes security
applications that protect systems from cyber threats, malware, and
IMPORTANCE OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE unauthorized access, safeguarding sensitive data and ensuring the
1. enables hardware functionality - software serves as the integrity of information.
interface between users and computer hardware, enabling users to
interact with and utilize the capabilities of hardware components
effectively.
increases efficiency - software automates tasks, streamlines
processes, and with greater accuracy than manual methods.
3. facilitates communication - software provides tool for
communication, collaboration, and sharing of information, enabling
individuals and organizations to connect and work together
regardless of geographical locations.
4. enhances creativity - software tools for design, multimedia, and
content creation empower individuals to express their creativity,
produce artistic work, and innovate in various fields.
5. supports decision making software provides data analysis
tools, simulations, and modeling capabilities that help individuals
and organizations make informed decisions based on data-driven
insights.