Science 4

Science – Grade 4
Quarter 1 – Module 5: Changes in Solid Materials
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use
these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors
do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Salvacion G. Pacifico
Editor: Corazon B. Natividad (Principal IV)
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 4
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 5

Changes in Solid Materials

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 4 Self-Learning Module 5 on Changes in Solid

Materials

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 4 Self-Learning Module on Changes in Solid Materials

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS
This module is written to help you master the lesson on ways
of changing solid materials as to their size, shape, texture etc. The
scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the other learning
materials you are now using.
This learning module will focus on the different ways of
changing solid materials.
Specifically, you are expected to:
a. describe what happens to solid materials when pressed.
b. differentiate changes in materials when bent or pressed.
c. appreciate the changes in solid materials as to size, shape,
texture and other observable characteristics.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on your
paper.
1. Cassandra bought several pieces of tie wire from the hardware.
Accidentally, on her way home some pieces of tie wire bent.
Describe what changes happened in the properties of tie wire when
it is bent.
A. No new material is formed.
B. Tie wire changed its size and shape.
C. Physical appearance of the tie wire changed.
D. All of the above
2. Which of the following describes what happen to the modelling
clay when pressed? The clay changed its _______ .
A. size and color. C. volume and color
B. size and shape. D. volume and size
3. Kurt was playing with his modeling clay. As he pressed the clay,
he was able to make different toys. Which of the following describes
what happen to the modeling clay when it was pressed? The clay
changed its ___________ .
A. size and color C. volume and color
B. size and shape D. volume and odor
4. What happened to the solid materials when they are bent and
pressed?
A. The color may change.
B. The materials changed in size and shape.
C. The materials changed in size, shape and texture.
D. The physical characteristics of the materials changed.
5. In what activity can we apply bending and pressing?
A. dish washing C. washing clothes
B. ironing clothes D. mopping the floor

RECAP
Solid materials have different characteristics/properties such
as size, shape, color, texture, weight, etc. These materials can
be changed through many ways; by bending, pressing, cutting,
twisting, folding, stretching and others. Such action/s may
change the material’s size, shape, texture, color and other
observable characteristics. There is no new material formed.
Last session, we tackled about the different ways of changing
the solid materials such as size, shape, texture, color and other
observable characteristics. Specifically, you learned that bending
can changed the size and shape of the materials without forming
a new material. Do you still recall how can we change the
properties of solid materials? Let’s have a short activity to recall
what you have learned yesterday. Below is a Venn Diagram
wherein you classify the name of solid materials that will bend or
NOT.

metal spoon stone modeling clay paperclip

television bamboo Glue stick plasticruler
rubber slipper bricks ballpen marker
Venn DIagram

Materials that Materials that

can be bend can’t be bend

S
O
L
I
D

Well done! It’s good to know that you can still remember
yesterday’s lesson.
Solid materials can be changed in many ways as to their size,
shape, texture and others. But not all materials are bendable.
There are solid materials that can be bend, but there are also solid
materials that cannot be bent.

LESSON

Press/Pressing is to apply pressure to something to flatten,

shape or making something smooth.When pressed, these
materials may change their size and shape. Other solid
materials may also change their texture when pressed. However,
no new material is formed because only the physical
appearance of the material is changed. To know more about
changing materials by pressing kindly look at the following
materials. Describe the changes happened with the solid materials
when pressed.
Solid materials can be pressed like these:

Pressing a dough Pressing a banana

Fig. 3 Pressing a clay pot Fig.4 Pressing a floral foam

What changes happened to a dough, banana, clay and floral

foam after they were pressed? How did the changes occur? Is there
a new material formed when the size, shape and texture of the
materials changed?
You are correct!
 Now let’s try comparing materials that were bent and
materials that were pressed. Describe the changes happened to the
materials after it was bent or pressed.

Focus and observe…

Bending a plastic ruler Pressing a dough

Is there a new material formed when ruler was bent? What

about when dough was pressed? What changes happened with the
ruler/dough? How do the changes in size, shape and texture of the
ruler/dough occur?
Very good! There is no new material formed when the solid
material is bent or even when the material is pressed.

ACTIVITIES

Now let’s try to differentiate the changes in materials that

were bent and the materials that were pressed?
Activity1. Differentiate changes happened when materials were
bent/pressed.
Materials that Materials that Differentiate the changes
were bent were pressed happened with the
materials after it was
bent or pressed
Example
The ruler when bent
changed in size and shape
while dough when pressed
 changed in size, shape and
texture.

1.
ruler dough

2.
bamboo stick modeling clay

3.
face shield ironing pants

4.
slipper flower foam

5.
iron rod clay pot
Table 1. Comparison of Materials that were Bent with the Materials that
were Pressed

If you can produce some of the materials above, try to bend

or press the materials. Observe the changes that will happen with
the materials after it was bent or pressed. Write your observation
in Table1. You may seek your parents/elder brother/sister’s
assistance.
Activity 2. Identify the materials that can be bent and materials
that can be pressed.
Below are names of solid materials. Check the proper column
if the materials can be bent or pressed.
Materials Can be Bent Can be Pressed
1. curtain rod
2. rubber ball
3. floaters
4. balloon
5. belt

Activity 3. Compare the changes happened when materials were

bent/pressed.
A. Do the following:

1. Hold the paper like this.

2. Pressed the paper.

What changes happened with the paper after pressing?

Is there a new material formed? Why?

B. Do the following.

1. Hold again the paper with

your both hands.

2. Bend the paper.

What changes happened with the paper after pressing?

Is there a new material formed? Why?
 Materials may change their size, shape and texture when
bending and pressing occur. There is no new material formed when
the actions were applied.

WRAP UP

To sum up the lesson, let’s answer the activity below. Fill in

the blank to complete the sentence. Choose your answer from the
box.

Bent
Press
Formed
Physical
Applied

Solid materials can be changed in many ways. Through

1.__________ and 2.______________the size, shape and texture of the
materials changed. There is no new material 3._______________.It is
only the 4.________________ characteristics/properties of the
materials changed. Changes in the materials occur when bending
and pressing were 5._________________.
Think of a situation where you can use bending to make you
healthy now that we are in quarantine. Is bending and pressing
useful nowadays?
 VALUING

Are you familiar with this material? What is this? Do you

know how to use this kind of soap? Is pressing useful in this object,
why?
We need to improve our hygiene to prevent Covid19 infection.
This is very useful because we are still in quarantine period.

Liquid Soap Pressing a liquid soap

To have enough liquid soap from the bottle pressing on top

of the bottle in applied.

POST TEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the letter on your
answer sheet.
1. Ben press down the modeling clay. What happens to the clay
after pressing?

A. The clay melts.

B. The clay changes shape.
C. clay bounces back to its original shape.
D. The clay changes in size, shape and texture.
2. Bea sits on a pillow. What changes happened to a pillow?
A. The pillow changed in volume and weight
B. The pillow changed in size and shape
C. The pillow changed in size only.
D. Nothing happened.
3. Your mother is rolling the dough for baking a delicious pizza.
When she rolled the dough, the dough changed in ____________.
A. size only
B. size and shape
C. size, shape and texture
D. none of the above
4. In which of the following situation wherein bending and pressing
is applied?
A. making pulled noodles
B. scrubbing the floor
C. sleeping
D. eating
5. When a solid material was bent and pressed, what happen to
the materials?
A. A new material was formed.
B. It changed in color and weight.
C. It changed its physical properties.
D. It changed in size, shape and texture.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5. d 5. applied 5. b
4. a 4. physical 4. c
3. c 3. formed 3. b
2. b 2. pressed 2. b
1. d 1. bent 1. b
Post Test Fill in the Blank Pre Test

REFERENCES

K to 12 Science Teacher’s Guide pp. 38-43

K to 12 Science Learner’s Material pp. 31-34
https://www.pmq.com/learning-the-basics-of-using-a-hot-dough-press/
https://makeagif.com/gif/bananas-vs-hydraulic-press-its-time-to-go-bananas-
sIDhrL
http://redandthepeanut.blogspot.com/2012/04/how-to-make-ceramic-
pottery-birds-nest.html
https://www.quora.com/What-is-an-example-of-a-bending-moment
https://www.thelaundress.com/how-to/360-wash/finishing/ironing.html
https://www.educationquizzes.com/ks1/science/forces-changing-shape/
https://www.shutterstock.com/search/kid+bend
https://www.educationquizzes.com/ks1/science/forces-changing-shape/