THE HUMAN

REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
By Dipa, Wismaya, Abi, Cahya, Thoma, Jaden
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Foetal Development
2 Diet that affect Foetal Growth
3 Sexually Transmitted diseases
 1.FOETAL DEVELOPMENT

What happens after a succesful fertilisation by a sperm cell is that the egg develop into a foetus. The fertilised
egg cell start to divide and form a ball of cells known as the embryo. The embryo will move through the uterus
and attach itself to the uterus lining. This process is known as implantation.
The embryo will develop in the uterus to form a foetus, whuch the entire process will develop and grow for about
40 weeks
Cell division after fertilisation
For the first 12 hours after conception,

the fertilized egg remains a single cell.

After 30 hours or so, it divides from one
cell into two. Some 15 hours later, the
two cells divide to become four. And at
the end of 3 days, the fertilized egg cell
has become a berry-like structure
made up of 16 cells.
 Implantation(Nidation)
is the stage in the embryonic development in which
the blastocyst hatches, attaches, adheres, and invades
into the wall of the female's uterus.
(Blastocyst= a cluster of dividing cells made by a
fertilized egg.)

is the first stage of gestation, and, when successful, the

female is considered to be pregnant An implanted
embryo is detected by the presence of increased levels
of human chorionic gonadotropin in a pregnancy test.
HOW DOES A FOETUS RECEIVE
NUTRIENTS AND REMOVE
WASTE
As a foetus develops and grows in the uterus, it
needs to be able to receive nutrients from its
mother and remove waste from its growing
body. After an embyro is implanted in an
uterus, a plancenta will develop from the
embryo. The plancenta contains the blood
capillaries and vessels of the embryo. The
placenta will exchange diffused nutrients,
oxygen, carbon dioxide and waste material
between embryo and its mother.
 As the embryo grows, it seperates from the
placenta, a tube known as the umbilical cord
connects the embryo or foetus to the placenta. The
umbilical chord contains blood vessels of the
embryo or fetus. The umbilical cord also helps us
transport waste from the foetus to the placenta.
After birth, the placenta and the umbillical cord will
deattach from the mother.
 2. HOW DIET CAN AFFECT
FOETAL DEVELOPMENT
Substances can diffuse easily in the mother’s
blood into the foetus’ blood. It is important that
pregnant women play close attention to their
diet. It is reccomended that pregnant women
take dietary supliments such as Folic acid, that
prevent brain and spinal cord birth defects in
the baby. The mother would also need to
increase her calories intake to supporth the
growth of the foetus
 FOODS TO AVOID AT
PREGNANCY
Seafood: Some seafood contains mercury which is toxic
and affects the brain of the foetus. Examples are king
mackerel, shark, and swordfish
Raw Food: Raw food may contain bacteria and viruses that
are harmful to the foetus. Examples are raw salmon,
medium-rare steak, and soft-boiled eggs.
Alcohols: Alcohol is a type of drug that affect the foetus’
brain development and cause facial features to be
deformed, and may cause death. Examples are beer and
wine.
Caffeinated drinks: Caffeine is a type of drug, consuming
too much caffeine may affect the foetus such as early birth,
and stunted growth. Examples are tea and coffee.
 SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
DISEASES
Some diseases are transmited or passed on form on person to another during intercourse.
This diseases are known as sexually transmitted diseases that affect the mother and the
foetus. Examples of diseases are:

GONORRHOEA
Gonorrhoea is caused by a type of bacteria that
infects the mucous membranes of the reproductive
tract, including the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes
in women, and the urethra in women and men. It may
cause death of a foetus or cause the foetus to be
delivered earlier
 SYPHILIS
Syphilis is caused by a type of bacteria that infects
the umbilical cord and affect foetal growth. This
desease may be transmited to the baby during
growth. There are small sores on your penis, vagina,
or around your bottom anus.

HIV AND AIDS

HIV / AIDS can cause a great deal of weight loss. Diarrhea,

weakness and fever often happen with the weight loss, brain
and nervous system malfunctioning. HIV and AIDS are
transmited during intercourse.
 HOW TO AVOID SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED DESEASES

There are many ways to avoid sexually

transmitted deseases, such as:
1. Avoid sexual intercourse
2. Stay with one uninfected partner
3. See a doctor if symptoms appear
4. Get vaccinated
5. Use condoms
6. Don't drink alcohol excessively or
use illegal drugs
 CHECK MY
UNDERSTANDING
2. Draw a well-labelled diagram to show how cell
division works after the successful fertilisation of
the egg.
2. What is the function of the placenta?
3. An expecting mother is advised not to consume
too much swordfish. Why is this so?
4. What effect can cocaine have on a foetus?
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING