“The Relationship Between the Academic Workloads and Motivational Levels for

Among First Year Criminology Students at College of Saint Lawrence”

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:
This research anchored to Self-Determination Theory published by Deci and Ryan (1985), is an

approach to human motivation and personality that uses traditional empirical methods while employing an

organismic metatheory that highlights the importance of humans evolved inner sources for personality

development and behavioral self-regulation (Ryan et al, 1997). That made for their growth and psychological

needs, that are the basis on self-motivation and personality as well, for their conditions and result of positive

processes. The term self-determination refers to a person’s own ability to manage themselves to make

confident choices, and to think on their own (Deci, 1971). That may help them for the grow and develop their

skills and strategy to control their self. According to SDT, there’s a two types of motivation, Intrinsic

Motivation and Extrinsic Motivation. According to Deci & Ryan (2000), the intrinsic motivation was

pertaining the activities done for their own sake and inherent interest and enjoyment. Because, they are not

dependent for the external incentives and pressure, but providing on their own. And lastly, the extrinsic

motivation is further classified into different based on the degree of autonomy and internalization (Deci &

Ryan, 1985). That may connect to the relationship of well- being and behavior. According to Self-

Determination theory have three basic psychological need are essential, (i) Autonomy refers to the need in

control of one’s actions and choices (Deci & Ryan, 1985). (ii) Competence is the need to feel effective and

capable in one’s interactions with the environment (White, R.W, 1959). (iii) Relatedness. According to

Baumeister, R.F & Leary, M.R. (1995), is the need to establish meaningful connections with others and to

feel a sense of belonging and social support. This theory connected to our study, when it comes to academic

workload the SDT principles align with autonomy, supporting competence and fostering relatedness to

experience higher level of motivation.

Definition of Terms:

The following terminologies are defined in this research’s context for a better understanding of it.

Amotivation- it refers of having no internal or outward desire to engage in an activity, making them

feel apathetic or indifferent to it.

Academic Workloads- refers to the ability of the following students to manage their academic

workload such as assignments, activity etc.

Extrinsic Motivation- it refers to leading of reducing autonomy and well-being.

 Intrinsic motivation- refers to the interest and enjoyment what they do.

Motivational Level- it refers to the ability of one person successfully and achieve the objectives and

goals.

Workloads- the capabilities of tasks, such as assignment, activities, projects etc.

Research Design

This research applied quantitative research. According to Bhandari (2022) It is the process of

collecting and analyzing numerical data that test causal relationships to generate results on wider populations.

Which are to understand and find accurately the development of this design and help with the instrument and

statistical tools. The Researchers used purposive sampling method and adaptive standardized survey

questionnaire. This design will help to determine, which domain the relationship between the academic

workloads and motivational level.

References:
Deci, E. L. (1971). Effects of externally mediated rewards on intrinsic motivation. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 18, 105–115.
Ryan, R. M., Kuhl, J., & Deci, E. L. (1997). Nature and autonomy: Organizational view of social and
neurobiological aspects of self-regulation in behavior and development. Development and Psychopathology,
9, 701-728.
Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L., & Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic Definitions and New Directions.
(2000). Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54-67.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior.
Perspectives on Social Psychology. New York: Plenum.
White, R. W. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence. Psychological Review, 66 (5),
297-333.
Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a
fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117(3), 497-529.
Bhandari, P. (2022). What Is Quantitative Research? | Definition, Uses & Methods.
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/quantitative-research/