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Africa& Horn of Africa
Africa& Horn of Africa
Geography
■ Africa is the World's
second-largest
continent - 30,065,000
km² covering
approximately 20% of
the Earth's land and
6% of the Earth's
surface .
Geography
■ The Africa’s
second-longest river runs
through Central Africa
into the Atlantic Ocean,
fed by tributaries, small
rivers and streams that
flow into a larger river.
The Niger
■ The Africa’s
third-longest river
begins in Guinea,
running about
2,600 miles and
ending in the Gulf
of Guinea.
The Niger River
The Zambezi
■ The Africa’s
fourth-longest
river is about
2,200 miles long
and runs through
six countries in
Southern Africa.
The Zambezi
Deserts
■ It is a coastal desert
in southern Africa.
■ The name Namib is
of Nama origin and
means "vast place".
Namib Desert
■ It stretches for more than 2,000 km, (1,200
mi) along the Atlantic coasts of Angola,
Namibia, and South Africa
■ It consists of sand seas near the coast
■ In fall or spring, winds blowing from the east
bring high temperatures (above 100 °F)
Namib Desert
Kalahari desert
■ It consists of over
772,200 square
miles
■ It has a semi–arid to
arid climate.
■ It consists of
Djibouti, Ethiopia,
Eritrea, and
Somalia.
Sahel Africa
Sahel
■ The name of
countries are:
Burkina Faso,
Chad, Djibouti,
Eritrea, Ethiopia,
Mali, Mauritania,
Niger, Nigeria,
Senegal, Somalia,
Sudan.
Sahel
■ shore, border or coast of the Sahara
■ It is a semi-arid tropical savanna in Africa,
which forms the transitional zone between the
Sahara Desert to the north and the more
humid savanna belt to the south known as the
Sudan (not to be confused with the country of
the same name).
■ The Sahel region of
Africa runs 3862
kilometers (2,400 mi)
from the Atlantic
Ocean in the west to
the Red Sea in the
east,
The Atlas Mountain
■ the highest
mountain,
Kilimanjaro,
5895 m, is in
Tanzania.
Regions & Seasons
■ Africa is broadly
divided into five
regions as shown on
the map right.
■ The seasons are fairly well defined in those
regions that lie in the northern and southern
hemispheres - the north and south of Africa.
Northern Africa
■ Spring - March, April,
May
■ Summer - June, July,
August
■ Autumn - September,
October, November
■ Winter - December,
January, February
Southern Africa
■ Spring - August,
September, October
■ Summer - November,
December, January
■ Autumn - February,
March, April
■ Winter - May, June,
July
Climate and Vegetation
■ What types of climates and
vegetation are found in Africa?
What Influences Climate?
■ The climate in most of Africa is warm
because the continent lies along the
Equator.
■ The seasons above the Equator are
the opposite of those below the
Equator.
Climate
■ Warm to high
temperatures with
rainfall in the
autumn and winter
months.
Desert
■ High
temperatures
throughout the
year with very
little rainfall.
Steppe
■ Between the
Sahara and the
savanna is a region
called the Sahel,
which is hot and
dry.
■ The steppe and savanna
regions are characterized
by large open areas of
tall grass
■ Countries with
higher elevation,
such as Ethiopia,
tend to have a
cooler, moister
climate than
those at a low
elevation.
Lower Elevation
■ Lower
countries
such as
Somalia
tend to be
hot and dry.
How do climate and vegetation
affect how Africans make a living?
■ Herders in
various
countries use
poisons and
traps
to try to
control
the spread of
the
tsetse fly.
The tsetse
Plant Life