W5

Learning Area TD 10 Grade Level 10/12

Quarter 3rd Date

I. LESSON TITLE Foundation

II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Indicate the locations of wall footings, footings, and columns in drafting the floor
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) plan TLE_ICTTD9-12LC-IIIa-b-1
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT LO4.2 DRAFT STRUCTURAL FLOORS AND ROOF PLAN
Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
A. Introduction 30 mins. Upon completion of this lesson, you are expected to:
Panimula • enumerate the elements of a truss diagram;
• identify the elements of a truss diagram; and
• develop appreciation on the importance of a good roof structure.
Pre-test
A. Directions: Read each sentences carefully and answer the following
questions. Write only the letters that corresponds to the best answer.
______1. The ______ is the measurement from the outside of the supporting
wall line to the centerline of the roof at the top of the rise.
A. eaves B. line length C. pitch D. span

______2. It is the ratio of the rise to the span.

A. eaves B. line length C. pitch D. span

______3. ______ are the edges of the roof which extends the face of a wall
and, normally project beyond the side of a building.
A. eaves B. line length C. pitch D. span

______4. It is the measurement across the building from outside supporting

wall to outside supporting wall.
A. overhang B. rise C. run D. span

______5. The ______ of the truss is the vertical distance between the apex
and the line joining the supports.
A. overhang B. rise C. run D. span
B. Development 1 hr. LO4.2.7 TRUSS DIAGRAM
Pagpapaunlad
If you want to build a house in the Philippines, it is a given that at some point you
will be in a sizeable Typhoon. With an average of 30 typhoons each year, ¾ of
which being ‘Super Typhoons’, there is every chance that whatever you build will
be affected by high wind.

Starting with the very design of the roof, you can guard against strong winds. First
thing to consider is the roof structure itself. There are 3 main designs (flat, gable,
and hip roof).

The larger the overhang, the more upward lift will be created on the roof. Though,
it is common in the Philippines to build the overhangs larger so to keep the sun off
the walls. You will have to think about – the larger the overhang, the more pressure
your roof will have to withstand.

Another important thing to consider is the roof angle. Moderate angle is

preferred. Very low roof pitches (angles) or very high pitches create more
upwards pressure and will require more engineering to keep them in place. A
recommended pitch is 3:12 to 6:12.
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IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe

C. Engagement 1 ½ hours DEFINITION OF TERMS

Pakikipagpalihan 1. Line length is the measurement from the outside of the supporting wall line to
the centerline of the roof at the top of the rise.
2. Pitch is the amount of angle or slope the roof has. It is the ratio of the rise to the
span. Pitch can vary a great deal, from a shallow slope up to a very steep pitch.

3. The overhang or eaves are the edges of the roof which extends the face of a
wall and, normally project beyond the side of a building.

4. Run is half the distance of the span.

5. Rise is the measurement from the centerline of the span to the top of the roof
line. The rise of the truss is the vertical distance between the apex and the line
joining the supports. When the rise is not more than 1 vertical to 6 horizontal the
roof is called a flat roof.
If the rise exceeds the above limit, the roof is called a pitched roof. As far as
possible steep pitches are to be avoided since they will have to resist greater
wind pressure.
6. Span is the measurement across the building from outside supporting wall to
outside supporting wall.
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
A truss diagram is used as guide when planning to construct a roof truss. Based
on the roof framing plan, the following illustrations below are the diagrams of the
different types of trusses used to frame the roof.
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe

Below are guides on how to prepare a truss diagram:

1. Study the roof framing plan;
2. Determine the distance between major walls (span) and draw a straight
horizontal line (bottom chords);
3. Determine the height of the rise and draw a vertical line (king post) at the
center of the horizontal line (span);
4. Get the distance of roof overhang by offsetting a line from the ends of the span;
5. Draw line from the tip of the rise (both sides) and extend it until they intersect
both ends of the horizontal line;
6. Using EXTEND command, prolong these lines until they reach the limit of the
overhang;
7. Draw other truss members depending on the measurement of the run.

D. Assimilation 1 ½ hours Activity 2: Performance task

Paglalapat Draw a roof-framing plan. This can be drawn through the following steps (see the
operating steps):

1. Determine the distance between major walls (span) and draw a straight
horizontal line (bottom chords);
Step 1
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
Step 2

2. Determine the height of the rise and draw a vertical line (king post) at the
center of the horizontal line (span);

Step 3

3. Get the distance of roof overhang by offsetting a line from the ends of the span;

Step 4

4. Draw line from the tip of the rise (both sides) and extend it until they intersect
both ends of the horizontal line;

5. Using EXTEND command, prolong these lines until they reach the limit of the
overhang;

Step 5
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe

6. Draw other truss members depending on the measurement of the run.

Step 6

Step 7

Step 8

7. Complete the working drawing by supplying the required dimensions with

proper dimensioning and labels, then finalize the drawing.

Final step
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe
Note: Your output will be evaluated according to the following criteria below.
Your teacher will determine the appropriate percentages across criteria.
Accuracy of:
- lines
- scaled measurements
- notations and specifications
Work values:
- work attitude/behavior
- safe work habits
- housekeeping and maintenance
- time management

Now, do this simple activity to find out how much you learn in drafting roof framing
plan. Check for your strength and weaknesses, this will help you in doing next
activities..

Expected Output:

Activity 2: Performance task

Directions: Study the given illustration below and identify the numbered parts of
the diagram
 Suggested
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activities
Timeframe

V. ASSESSMENT Written Activity 1:

(Learning Activity Sheets for Answer the following question:
Enrichment, Remediation or
Assessment to be given on Weeks
1. What are the things to be considered before constructing a roof?
3 and 6) _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. How will you relate our topic in your present situation as a student to
achieve your goal? Give a short answer.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

Written Activity 2:
Directions: Analyze each sentence carefully and write on the blank TRUE if the
statement is correct, and FALSE if the statement is incorrect.

______1. Building a house in the Philippines is a challenge, given that at some point
you will be in a sizeable Typhoon.
______2. The smaller the overhang, the more upward lift will be created on the
roof.
______3. Very low roof pitches or very high pitches create more upwards pressure
and will require more engineering to keep them in place.
______4. When planning to construct a roof, first thing to consider is the roof
structure itself.
______5. A roof angle is less important to consider when planning to construct a
roof.

Written Activity 3:
A. Directions: Read each sentences carefully and answer the following
questions. Write only the letters that corresponds to the best answer.

______1. The ______ is the measurement from the outside of the supporting wall line
to the centerline of the roof at the top of the rise.
A. eaves B. line length C. pitch D. span
______2. It is the measurement across the building from outside supporting wall to
outside supporting wall.
A. overhang B. rise C. run D. span
______3. It is the ratio of the rise to the span.
A. eaves B. line length C. pitch D. span
______4. The ______ of the truss is the vertical distance between the apex and the
line joining the supports.
A. overhang B. rise C. run D. span
______5. ______ are the edges of the roof which extends the face of a wall and,
normally project beyond the side of a building.
A. eaves B. line length C. pitch D. span

VI. REFLECTION  Write your personal insights about the lesson using the prompts below.
I understand that ___________________.
I realize that ________________________.
I need to learn more about __________.

Prepared by: Alfred Augustine C. Arciaga Checked by: