STOICHIOMETRY

VAN DENVER E. BAUTISTA

OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. Describe the mole concept;
2. Calculate concentrations of solutions
through:
a. mole ratios
b. stoichiometric conversions
In calculating for the stoichiometric
calculations of the solutions, it must be a
balanced equations.
What is its importance?
The balanced equations gave us an
understanding about the molecule to
molecule (or mole to mole) relationship
between reactants and products. This is
calculated in the stoichiometry of the
reaction which noted as the “currency” of
stoichiometry problems.
Mole ratios
A mole ratio is a ratio between
the number of moles of any two
of the substances in a balanced
chemical equation.
Example 1:
Potassium (K) reacts with bromine
(Br2) to form potassium bromide. In
the product, the salt potassium
bromide is prescribed by the
veterinarians as an antiepileptic
medication for dogs and cats.
2K(s) + Br2(l) → 2KBr(s)
Mole to mole in word problem:
How many moles of ammonia are produced if
4.20 moles of hydrogen are reacted with an
excess of nitrogen.
(___ N2 + ___H2 → ___ NH3)
Practice
Test!
Stoichiometric mole-to-mass conversion

Supposed you have the number

of moles of a reactant or product
in a reaction and you want to
calculate for the mass of another
product or reactant, this will
follow the mole to mass
conversion.
Let’s have an example, determine
the mass of sodium chloride (NaCl),
commonly called table salt,
produced when 1.25 mol of chlorine
gas (Cl2) reacts vigorously with
excess sodium. The balanced
equation is given for you.
2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s)
Steps.
1. Mole to mole
2. Mole to mass
Hydrogen sulfide gas burns in
oxygen to produce sulfur dioxide
and water vapor. What mass of
oxygen gas is consumed in a
reaction that produces 4.60 mol
SO2?
__H2S(g) + __ O2(g) → __ SO2(g) + __ H2O(g)
Practice Test!
Practice
Test!
Stoichiometric mass-to-mass
conversion

This is knowing how much of

each reactant to use in order to
produce the mass of
product you required.
Let’s consider this example,
Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), an
important fertilizer, produces
dinitrogen oxide (N2O) and H2O when
it decomposes. Determine the mass of
H2O produced from the decomposition
of 25.0g of solid NH4NO3. A balanced
equation is already given below.

NH4NO3 → N2O(g) + 2H2O(l)

Steps:
1. Number of moles
2. Mole to mole
3. Mole to mass
4. Mass to mass
What mass of magnesium will be
produced when 86.4 g of
potassium are reacted?

MgCl2(s) + 2K(s) → Mg(s) + 2KCl(s)