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05 - 220kv GIS Service Continuity Property
05 - 220kv GIS Service Continuity Property
Aix‐les‐Bains
1, rue Paul Doumer ‐ BP 601 ‐ 73106 AIX‐LES‐BAINS CEDEX (France)
Phone: 33 (0) 4 79 88 79 80 ‐ Fax: 33 (0) 4 79 88 79 39 – www.grid.alstom.com
ALSTOM GRID SAS
SAS au capital de 74.478.096 € Siège social : Immeuble Galilée – 51 esplanade du Général de Gaulle – 92907 LA DEFENSE CEDEX
389 191 800 RCS Nanterre
Solutions assessment in
Double Busbar arrangement
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in exact accordance with prior express permission.
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Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 3
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1 Introduction
In electrical networks, substations are the main nodes where a single event may impact several feeders, if
not the entire substation.
The degree of continuous operation (quite higher for large power plants or aluminum smelters than for
standard substations in a meshed system), safety requirements and repair reliability are altogether fully
driving the decisions to be made when considering the design and planning of any new GIS.
Such safety contingencies, due to the pressurized insulating gas contained in GIS enclosures, require specific
design, especially when Maintenance, Repair and Extension (MRE) processes are considered.
Since completely different, the “immediate”, “under repair” and “during HV test” availabilities require
independent analyses. Customer shall first determine what he is able to tolerate or not during MRE process.
This document is limited to Maintenance, Repair and Extension (MRE) capability in single phase GIS which
may trigger unavailability of several bays, sometimes even of the entire substation.
2.1 Acronyms
Bay: As per IEC standards, a bay corresponds to a 3-phase assembly consisting of one circuit-breaker, its
associated disconnectors, instrument transformers, interconnecting bus up to and including the line
disconnector (if applicable), and the section of main bus (if applicable).
MRE x: In terms of MRE capability, “x” stands for the number of bays which are de-energized during the
repair process associated with the most detrimental failure.
2.2 Guidelines
- Safety is first requirement: No work inside a compartment, one gas-barrier of which remains
pressurized. Exceptions (even with mechanical stress limiter) shall be avoided.
- Reliability is a must: Any major work, such as but not limited to internal parts replacing, shall be
checked by a high-voltage withstand test. Quite often, prerequisites of such a test deeply impact
substation operation.
- Disconnectors cannot withstand the HV test voltage on one terminal while the other one is energized
by the network. Such test requires either de-energizing the entire substation, or having two series
disconnecting gaps between the tested section and the operating section.
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- Repair process shall remain simple: Replacing a busbar disconnector by a by-passing enclosure shall
not be a standard repair process. Such process, not only quite more complex and longer, requires several
HV tests.
The following diagrams illustrate the phases which generally occur during the substation’s lifecycle:
Repair: After a fault occurrence, the substation must be reconfigured as soon as possible before repairs,
in order to minimize the loss of lines.
HV Testing: After heavy maintenance, repairs or extensions, a HV test is required. Availability during testing will
be different in terms of MRE=x levels, depending on the design and specifications of the GIS
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2.4.1 Introduction
These safety rules, which are common sense principles, have been developed in coordination with the
different departments of ALSTOM, including Alstom experts and the intervention teams. The respect
of these principles in GIS design and in substation engineering allows the site staff to work with
confidence, for safe and quick interventions.
The principles presented here are specific to ALSTOM products but should apply globally as a
reference guide to basic security and model evaluation.
The following principles must be strictly observed because they describe the basic principles applied
to gas compartment arrangements and gas barrier and insulating element arrangements.
The combination of gas-compartment arrangements, gas-barrier and insulating elements,
architecture and other possible features lead to different levels of maintenance, repair and
extension capabilities.
The principles are forward thinking and must be applied at the SLD stage to anticipate safety concerns
and to take into account the necessary outages during repairs:
No work must be undertaken inside a compartment of which one gas-barrier remains pressurized.
Exceptions are possible, but only on a case-by-case basis. (See figures 4, 5)
No work can be directly undertaken on a pressurized gas-barrier while an additional mechanical load is
applied or can possibly be applied. (See figure 3)
The partitions or support insulators directly in proximity to an internal flashover in the involved
compartment shall be replaced or require at least a thorough check and cleaning of gas decomposition
products.
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Legend :
Direct Contact :
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The following chart gives, as an example, a summary of the different service continuity possibilities for
the busbar disconnector removal in a double busbar scheme, depending on the type of GIS design selected
for a specific substation.
Legend :
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4.1 Summary
In this case, the circuit-breaker can be removed without affecting the neighbor bays. Circuit-Breaker
partition cannot be removed, only cleaning is possible. If the partition has to be removed, both busbar are
out of service. Avoiding this lead to next ‘standard’ arrangement
Only during HV test, an outage of the busbar BB1 and BB2 is requested.
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5.1 Summary
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6.1 Summary
Degassing and
Feeder with CB HV testing
removal of the
failure
Circuit breaker
The MID allows the removal of the CB in a safe manner: when the MID is opened, there is no direct
connection between the common point conductors and the corresponding busbar DS. With this arrangement,
there is no direct connection to any pressurized partitions. Another key feature of this arrangement is to provide
the facility for HV testing while keeping one busbar energized
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7.1 Summary
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Degassing and
removal of the
busbar DS
HV testing
With this arrangement, it can be seen that at minimum, 4 feeders need to be out of service (3 adjacent
feeders plus the one where the busbar DS is removed).
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8.1 Summary
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Degassing and
removal of the
busbar DS
HV testing
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The following case uses Maintenance Isolating Devices - MID (1) and (2) in the common point. One
partition (3) is also added in the busbar DS. This allows the removal of all partitions of the disconnector in
case of flashover. As observed in Case 1d (CB removal), this arrangement brings many benefits, as we will
show.
The opening of the corresponding MID suppresses any direct connection between removed components and
the pressurized partition. This also creates an additional gap which is useful during the HV test.
The GIS can be quickly re-configured using this solution and the feeder with the faulty busbar DS can be
re-energized, until an outage is available to replace the faulty equipment. This is achieved by isolating the
faulty disconnector, opening the corresponding maintenance isolating device, and switching all feeders to
busbar 2. This temporary configuration can be useful for the customer until the repair procedure is
implemented or in case of a strategic feeder. During this time (which can last for some weeks, depending on
availability of spare parts), MRE0 level is achieved. This sequence is illustrated in the following chart:
9.1 Summary
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Degassing and
removal of the
busbar DS
HV testing
The key advantage is to be immediately ready to perform the HV test of the busbar DS after its replacement: all
MIDs are opened on the corresponding section of the busbar. Test voltage can be applied on busbar 1 while
maintaining busbar 2 in service. The replaced busbar DS can be tested in closed and opened positions.
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10 Availability matrix
10.1 Legend
Remain in service.
Involved bay
Busbar BB1
Busbar BB2
During HV test
For BB1
For BB2
Busbar BB1
Busbar BB2
During HV test
For BB1
For BB2
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