2 )

' 19 1 0 p a p e r
e = 4 ,6 5 -10 - "° e l e c t ro s t a t ic u n i t s

4 .6 5 .1 0 -" E U . 3 13 3 5 6 .1 0 - " C = L , S s -1 0 - " C

IE S T
( " 6 0 2 . 1 0 4 9 - 1 .g g .i o - K
e = l is s • 10 - 1 9 C → e r r o r 1 . 6 0 2 -1 0 4 9
= 3 ,2 5 %
19 13 p a p e r

p g 14 0 → e = 4 17 7 4 . 1 0 - " e le c t r o s t a t i c u n it s

4 . 7 7 4 .1 0 " ° E $ U . 3 ,3 3 5 6 -10 - " C

= 1.5 9 2 1 0 -" C→

I E S U
( " 6 0 2 .1 0 4 9 - 1 ,5 9 2 . 1 0 - K
= 0 .6 3 %
2 = 1 .5 9 2 .1 0 " C e r r o r 1 . 6 0 2 -1 0 4 9

3 .)
19 1 0 p a p e r
V . = v e lo c it y u n d e r g r a v it y
e . # ( g ) " ♀ C u - v .s u ." V 2 = v e lo c it y
m = m a s s of
w h e n f ie l d is o n
d r o p
d 'k ✗ = f ie l d s t r e n g t h in E S U
& - d e n s it y o f t h e f a ll in g d r o p
N = v is c o s i t y o f m e d iu m t h r o u g h w h ic h c l o u d f e lls
19 13 p a p e r
½ ( v . + V 2) " V . = v e lo c it y u n d e r g r a v it y

e = # ( 9 2 1" 1 -g lo - p ) F
F
V 2 = v e lo
= f ie l d
c it y
s t re n g
w h
th
e n f ie l d is
in E S U
o n

O = d e n s i t y o f o il
p = d e n s i t y o f a ir

d if f e r e n c e s
1 .) g r a v i t y is in v e r s e ly re la te d t o e
d o e s n 't m a k e t o o m u c h s e n se s in c e h e e n d s u p a c c o u n t in g
f o r t h is in e q 6 in 19 10 p a p e r b u t a s s u m p t io n Is t h a t
t h e y 'r e in v e r s e l y r e la ted s in ce g r a v it y a t tr a c t s a n d e le c t ro n s
r e p e l

2 .) t a k i n g in t o c o n s i d e r a t i o n d i f f e r e n c e i n o i l d e n s i t y a n d a ir d e n s i t y
t o t a k e s in t o c ons id e r a t io n t h e b u o y a n t f o r c e ( a ir d i s p la c e d by
t h e o il d r o p ) , h e h a d t o t a k e in t o c o n s i d e r a t io n t h e d if f e r e n c e in
t h e ir d e n s it i e s .

3 .) t a k i n g s u m o f V . a n d V 2

C h a n g e in re f e r e n c e f ra m e → s ig n c h a n g e s f o r e f ie l d

4 .)
g
8 = 3 ,4 2 2 .1 0 - 9 × ( u ) "

* " ( g ) " *

* o r i g i n a l l y it w a s W i l s o n 's c o n s t a n t f o r ⅓ #
( 9 % 1 "
b u t c o r r e c t io n t o N le d t o n e w v a lu e o f 3 ,4 2 2 .1 0 - 9
f or w a t e r

O n l y V 1 s in c e d r o p w il l r e m a in s t a t io n a ry → V e = 0 → v , = d it s t i m a n e c e

✗ is n e g a t ive in s i g n s o it s f l ip p e d ;

( 4 ) " = U " . ✓ 'k

9 8 0 .3 c m /g 2
a l l in e g s
3 . 4 2 2 .1 0 - " × 14 ,14 sta t V a m

↳ 2 3 1 2 v . 0 .0 0 3 3 3 5 6 4 0 5 s t at V
U

0 .8 4 5 0 m

5 .) n ' i s t h e n u m b e r o f e le c t r o n s c a u g h t @ e a c h c h a n g e
a n d it s u s e d in or d e r t o p r o v id e m o re p r e c i s i on in t h e
c alc u lation o f e

M - P o , ✓ = f o r # a 3 = 6 .6 0 6 .1 0 - " g
6 .2 8 0 .0 2 9 2 7 2
0 .1 6 0 . 2 3 4 1 7 7 8
= 6 .2 0 ,0 0 2 0 5 4 4
5 . 13 6 .1 0 - 4 F- = V c+ V f £ 0 S t ✓u = 13 ." 7 2 + 6 .2 7 9 = 6 .2 4 9 E m
- 6 .3 2 0 ,2 3 2 1 2 2
0 .0 5 8 0 3 0 2 d 3 .2 m
- 0 ,1 5 9 4

0 ,0 0 1 0 0 7 5 10 3 9 .1 0 - 4
=
2
0 .2 3 1 1 1 4 0 . 11 5 5 5 7
0 ,1 5 8 2
m g t g = 6 .6 0 6 .1 0 - " g • 9 8 0 • 13 -7 2 = 1 .4 2 1 . 1 0 - 7 s t c .s
-
-
6 .2 4 9
F
13 .7 2 5 .0 8 7 5 .1 0 - 4 0 . 0 6 7 6

9 = 0 .6 6 7 6 - 1. 4 2 .1 0 - 7 = 9 .6 0 8 .1 0 - 9 s t c
1.6 c m
1c m
e = 3 . 2 0 4 9 .1 0 " C

M - P o, ✓ = f o r # 9 3 = 1 .4 6 5 5 8 1 0 1 -1 0 - 9
- 2 6 ,2 3 5 3 . 11 0 3 . 10 - s 0 .1 5 5 8 0 2
0 10 3 8 1 2 0 0 . 17 4 6 4 16 8

- 2 6 .3 8 0 10 3 7 8 4 .9 7 7 .1 0 - 4
- 2 6 .4 5 5
1 . 7 7 8 .1 0 - 4 ! 2 . 9 6 2 8 -1 0 - 5 0 .1 2 4 6 4 0 2 l 0 . 1 2 4 6 4 0 2
F- = V2 i td V F = 8 .0 2 5 + 2 6 - 4 0 2 5 ≥ 10 .7 5 8 5 9 3 7 5 E m
0 .0 3 7 6 2 2 3 . 0 2 6 6 . 10 - s 0 11 2 1 1 6 4 0 9
÷ 2 6 .5 4 0 1 0 3 7 6 7 9 0 1 .2 1 1 - 1 0 - 4 0 ,1 2 4 6 4 0 9 4
3 .2 c m
-
m g t g 1 .4 6 5 5 8 1 0 1 -1 0 ' " g • 9 8 0 . g .0 2 s
= - 1 .0 7 13 -1 0 - 7
8 .0 2 5
F
10 .7 5 8 5 9 3 7 5 E m

1.G e m
1c m C = 3 . 5 7 5 5 .1 0 - 1 7 0