FISH

CAPTURE
NC II
LEARNING OUTCOMES
• AT THE END OF THIS LESSON THE STUDENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO

A; IDENTIFY THE DIFFERET METHOD OF FISH CATCHING

B. UNDERSTAND THE IMPORTANCE OF FISH CATCHING

C.APPLY THE KNOWLEDGE IN EVERYDAY LIVES.

FISH CACPTURE
• is the process of gathering and removing fish from the
place in which it has grown, and refers therefore to
fishing and catching wild fish and shellfish. The
harvesting of aquatic resources uses a large variety of
technologies - from artisanal to highly-industrial -
encompassing vessels and equipment as well as fishing
gears and methods.
•What is the importance of
fishing?
What is the importance of fishing?
• Inmany developing countries, fish is the primary source
of protein and essential nutrients. Also, it provides a vital
source of income for small-scale fishers and their
families. Moreover, it can help protect marine
ecosystems and maintain fish stocks at healthy levels .
• The
Greek word within the fish is ICHTHUS, which
means “fish” in Greek.
 TRAINING
REGULATIONS
FOR FISH
CAPTURE NC
II
FISH CAPTURE NC II QUALIFICATION
• The Fish Capture NC II Qualification consists of competencies
that a person must achieve to enable him to catch and deliver
seafood products. Workers at this level would be directly engaged
in fishing and other related fishing activities in inland bodies of
waters and marine waters within 15 kilometers from the coastline
(and other provisions for municipal waters) using fishing vessels
of three (3) gross tons or less.
Operate a vessel of up to 3.0 GT
• After reading this information sheet you
should be able to operate and maintain
vessel’s of up to 3.0 Gross Tons, within range
of ready assistance and isolated from heavy
boating traffic and navigational hazards. The
operation is restricted to the basic use,
maneuvering and loading of the vessel, but
not the interaction of the vessel with boat
traffic or other hazards
Prepare the small vessel for use
• 1.1 Planned work activities accord with enterprise policies and
procedures.
• 1.2 Factors that may compromise vessel safety are identified
and addressed in the work plan and the operation of the
vessel.
• 1.3 All essential safety equipment and spares required for area
of operation and intended work are checked for presence and
serviceability.
• 1.4 Vessel is loaded in accordance with manufacturer’s
specifications and enterprise procedures.
• 1.5 Documentation is accomplished, per government
regulations and policies
. Operate and maintain a small
vessel
• 2.1 Vessel stability is maintained within safety limits by
establishing a low centre of gravity and securing and
stowing loads.
• 2.2 Vessel is operated at all times according to
government requirements and enterprise procedures and
in area of operation confined to limits of restricted area.
• 2.3 Vessel is maneuvered safely using appropriate means
to complete planned work tasks.
Store and secure a small vessel and
equipment
• 3.1 Vessel is secured, maintained and stored
after use according to enterprise procedures.
• 3.2 Perishables and fuels are stored to
minimise wastage, spoilage, environmental
and fire hazards.
• 3.3 Unserviceable equipment and spares are
repaired or removed for repair or replacement
according to enterprise procedures.
Hull.
• The hull is the base of the boat that keeps it afloat. Hulls can be flat-bottomed for calm
waters to V-shaped for rougher waves
Radar
• is
a vital navigation component for
safety at sea and near the shore.
Captains need to be able to maneuver
their ships within feet in the worst of
conditions and to be able to navigate
"blind", when there is no visibility at
night or due to bad weather.
masthead light
• Their primary purpose is to help prevent
collisions at sea by indicating the location
and direction of vessels to other mariners in
low visibility conditions or during nighttime
operations.
Deck
• A deck is a permanent covering over a
compartment or a hull of a ship. On a boat or
ship, the primary or upper deck is the horizontal
structure that forms the "roof" of the hull,
strengthening it and serving as the primary
working surface
propeller
• isa device with a rotating hub and radiating
blades that are set at a pitch to form a
helical spiral which, when rotated, exerts
linear thrust upon a working fluid such as
water or air.
Rudders
• arehydrofoils which are pivoting on a vertical axis. They
are located normally at the stern behind propeller(s) to
produce a transverse force and steering moment about
the ship centre of gravity by deflecting the water flow to
the direction of the foil plane.
anchor
•adevice, normally made of metal,
used to secure a vessel to the bed
of a body of water to prevent the
craft from drifting due to wind or
current
steering wheel

allows them to control and steer the

boat.
 Monitor condition and
seaworthiness of a vessel
What is Seaworthiness?

• Seaworthiness classifies whether a ship has passed

the required tests and safety checks to be able to
sail without any mishaps. It determines whether or
not the ship has been properly assessed, outfitted
and maintained in accordance with admiralty law.

In general, it is an abstract concept used mainly in

the field of maritime law. It indicates the condition
of the vessel and whether it is safe to sail.
• This unit covers the skills and knowledge
required to monitor the condition and
seaworthiness of a vessel up to 3.0 GT,
including an awareness of the fundamental
principles of vessel construction and
regulatory requirements for seaworthiness.
It also includes the ability to identify
indications of any deterioration in the hull.
Seaworthiness And Shipbuilding
Contracts

• Shipbuilding contracts are legal documents

that set the terms for the construction and
outfitting of ships. It is a signed document
between a buyer and a builder, which refers
to the future sale of a vessel and its
associated goods.
. Monitor the condition of the vessel
• 1.1.
Work to monitor condition and
seaworthiness of the vessel is planned and
carried out in accordance with government and
company procedures and safety regulations
• 1.2.
Coverage and frequency of checks and
inspections on the vessel complies with the
standard procedures
• 1.3.Checks of the integrity of the vessel’s hull
are correctly carried out including the use of a
testing tank equipment where required
• 1.4.Action taken in anticipation of
environmental changes is timely and appropriate
to the change
• 1.5.
Precautions are taken to ensure that vessel’s
powered equipment is operated in accordance
with manufacturer's instructions and regulations
Rectify identified problems with the
condition of the vessel
• 2.1. Any deterioration of the vessel’s hull or structure is examined and
reported and recorded and appropriate action is initiated to fix the
identified problem
• 2.2. Repairs and corrosion control are initiated and coordinated in
accordance with standard procedures and manufacturer’s instructions
• 2.3. Communication with owners concerning the condition and
seaworthiness of the vessel and related action is clear, concise and made
at an appropriate time and place
• 2.4. Records on problems identified and actions taken to carry out repairs
and corrosion control and to ensure watertight integrity are complete,
accurate and comply with requirements.
Watertight integrity
• Weathertight means
• Thatthe structure or fitting will prevent the passage
of water through the structure or fitting in any
ordinary sea conditions.
Perform routine maintenance
tasks on a small coastal vessel
• Thisunit covers the skills and knowledge required to
perform routine remedial, preventative and survey deck
maintenance on coastal vessels. This includes carrying
out basic deck maintenance, cleaning tasks, marine
painting and checks on deck machinery and systems.
• The maintenance work refers to all activities
related to caring for your vessel. This could
include fixing problems with the engine, pump
systems, electrical system; cleaning; updating
navigational technology, and performing day-to-
day tasks like removing debris or clearing out
lockers as maintenance tasks
Perform basic deck maintenance
• Any deterioration or corrosion of a vessel’s deck surfaces is identified and
appropriate maintenance action initiated or carried out in accordance with
planned maintenance system

• Minor faults and imperfections in painted surfaces are repaired in

accordance with procedures

• Tools and equipment are correctly identified and used in accordance with
OH&S requirements, company procedures and equipment manufacturer’s
instructions
Carry out cleaning activities
• 2.1. Appropriate chemicals, cleaning agents and
equipment are selected to clean an assigned area
of the vessel
• 2.2. Manufacturer’s warning and instructions
regarding the use of chemicals and cleaning
agents are read, understood and applied
 Hull Maintenance:
• Cleaning and painting the ship’s hull to remove biofouling and ensure corrosion
prevention.

• Inspecting and repairing any damage to the hull, such as cracks, dents, or
structural damages.
Machinery and Systems Maintenance:

• Regular servicing and overhauling of engines, generators, and auxiliary

machineries; including their control and automation system, to ensure they
operate efficiently and safely. Makers will be engaged to ensure that any
required software updates are implemented.

• Cleaning and inspecting auxiliary systems. Replacement of any leaking pipes,

pumps and clearing of pipe and filter blockages that will impede the flow rates
and affect correct operations in service.
• Thisunit covers the skills and knowledge
required to routinely operate low powered
diesel engines within normal parameters. It
also covers the skills required to locate
causes of trouble in performance and make
minor repairs.
. Initiate start up and shut down
operations of low powered diesel engines
• 1.1 Operations are planned and carried out according to
established safety rules and regulations
• 1.2 Timing and degree of preparation of engine and
systems is appropriate to the intended operation and
complies with operating instructions
• 1.3 Sequence and timing of start up and shut down of
engine and systems meets the requirements for safe and
efficient operation
• 1.4 Engine parameters and instrument readings are
maintained within defined levels during start up and
shut down operations
Maintain output of low powered
diesel engines
• Engine
is monitored according to
schedules, operating parameters
and instructions
Apply weather information when
navigating a vessel
Obtain and decipher weather and
oceanographic information
• 1.1. Ocean and weather conditions are observed and correctly
interpreted in accordance with established nautical and
meteorological practice
• 1.2. Basic measurements of meteorological parameters are
correctly made and recorded using established procedures
• 1.3. Relevant meteorological charts, publications and related
documentation are updated, stored and maintained
• 1.4. Relevant navigational charts, nautical publications and
related documentation are used for voyage planning and
identification of navigational hazards in accordance with
established procedures
Apply weather and oceanographic
data to safe navigation
• 2.1.
Weather and ocean condition hazards
relevant to a proposed coastal voyage are
identified using relevant forecasts based on
interpretation of meteorological observations,
reports and measurements
• 2.2.
The route for a voyage is modified as
required to take into account weather and sea
condition hazards in accordance with established
navigational practice and operational
instructions
Maintain records of weather and
oceanographic information and forecasts
• Meteorologicalmeasurements, observations,
reports and forecasts are recorded and filed in
accordance with company procedures and
regulatory requirements
. . Handle and store seafood and
aquatic product
•1 Seafood and aquatic products are handled and
stored in accordance with enterprise, legislative
and OHS requirements.
• .2Seafood and aquatic products are handled and
stored in a manner that avoids damage, meets
hygiene standards, avoids contamination and
maintains the quality of the product.
•3 Seafood and aquatic products are stored at the
correct temperature required to safely maintain
the product in optimal condition and freshness .
Follow the enterprise food safety
program
• All work activities undertaken are consistent with and conform to the
requirements of an approved enterprise food safety program.

• 2 Areas of risk in the individual's work area within the enterprise are
identified, evaluated, reported, controlled and monitored.

• 3 Corrective actions are taken within the individual's scope of

responsibilities to minimize risk in accordance with the enterprise food
safety program.

• 4 Risks beyond the control of the individual are promptly reported to the
appropriate person(s).

• 5 Records are completed according to enterprise requirements and work

responsibility.
 ADJUST AND POSITION BEACH
SEINES, MESH NETS OR GILL NETS
Fishing techniques
• Fishing techniques include hand-
gathering, spearfishing, netting, angling and trapping. Recreationa
l, commercial and artisanal fishers use different techniques, and
also, sometimes, the same techniques. Recreational fishers fish for
pleasure or sport, while commercial fishers fish for profit.
Artisanal fishers use traditional, low-tech methods, for survival
in developing countries, and as a cultural heritage in other
countries. Mostly, recreational fishers use angling methods and
commercial fishers use netting methods.
spearfishing,
• isfishing using handheld elongated, sharp-
pointed tools such as a spear, gig, or harpoon,
to impaling the fish in the body. It was one of the
earliest fishing techniques used by mankind, and
has been deployed in artisanal fishing throughout
the world for millennia. Early civilizations were
familiar with the custom of spearing fish from
rivers and streams using sharpened sticks.
Angling
• is
a method of fishing by means of an "angle" (fish
hook). The hook is attached to a line, and is sometimes
weighed down by a sinker so it sinks deeper in the water.
This is the classic "hook, line and sinker" arrangement,
used in angling since prehistoric times. The hook is
usually dressed with lures or baits such
as earthworm, doughball and bait fish.
METHODS OF FISH CAPTURE
Beach Seineing
• Beach seining is a simple fishing method. One end of the wing is held by a
group of fishermen on the shore, the net is first set at right angles to the
seashore and then the direction of the net setting turns gradually toward the
shore. After setting all the net, the towing line of the wing is paid out and the
boat runs toward the shore provided that there is a certain distance between the
landing and setting points. Then, from the two ends of the wings, the buoy line
and the sinker line are hauled in to catch fish.

• When properly managed, seine net fishing can be a very ecologically

responsible way to harvest fish. This technique allows for targeted and efficient
capture of fish, focusing on a single school of fish at a time, minimizing bycatch
compared to some other fishing methods. Additionally, seine nets can be
modified with escape panels and mesh sizes to reduce the capture of non-target
species.
mesh or gill netting
A gillnet is a wall of netting that hangs in the water
column, typically made of monofilament or
multifilament nylon. Gillnet. Mesh sizes are
designed to allow fish to get only their head
through the netting but not their body. The fish's
gills then get caught in the mesh as the fish tries to
back out of the net.
HOOP NETS

• Hoop nets, also known as barrel nets or fykes, are commonly used to catch
catfish. This is a long tube of netting held open by large metal or fiberglass
hoops. Fishermen commonly use 5 to 7 hoops per net. The fish is lured with bait
placed in the tail of the net. The fish enter the large opening funnel with no
difficulty but find its way blocked by another funnel. It attempts to push out but
can’t. Instead, it pushes through into the second funnel and traps itself. There
are varying state regulations regarding these nets and depending on what state
you’re in, you are expected to abide by rules regarding where these can be
used, their size, the gauge of the twine or cord, mesh size, etc.

•
CAST NETS

• A cast net is a hand-thrown mesh net, usually circular in shape but

can be square, that is thrown over schools of smaller fish. Large
cast nets can be 12 feet across and can catch 50 lbs of fish at a
time. The net is thrown, and the weights attached make it sink
over the fish. A clamp seals the net around the fish when the net is
drawn in. The size of the net, the mesh size, and the weights
attached all depend on where you’re fishing and what type of fish
you’re looking for. A lot of people use this method to just catch
bait, but food fish, such as mullet, sardines, or any kind of small
schooling fish, can be caught this way as well. Once the method of
casting the net is mastered, this is a very efficient way of fishing.
In fact, so efficient that local regulations in different jurisdictions
restrict what fish can and can’t be taken this way.
Trolling
• Trolling is a method of fishing where one or more
fishing lines, baited with lures or bait fish, are
drawn through the water. This may be behind a
moving boat, or by slowly winding the line in
when fishing from a static position, or even
sweeping the line from side-to-side, e.g. when
fishing from a jetty.
Trawling
• Trawling is an industrial method of
fishing that involves pulling a fishing
net, that is heavily weighted to keep
it on the seafloor, through the water
behind one or more boats.
Purse seines
• A purse seine is a large wall of netting
deployed around an entire area or school of
fish. The seine has floats along the top line
with a lead line threaded through rings
along the bottom. Once a school of fish is
located, a skiff encircles the school with the
net
Longlining

• Longlines can be used to capture fish in surface

waters (pelagic) as well as bottom living species
(demersal). Longlining sets a length of line and
from this come branch lines carrying baited
hooks. Large longlines used offshore can be tens
of kilometres long and carry thousands of hooks.
Smaller inshore vessels use shorter, lighter lines
with roughly less than a thousand hooks.
Hand-line Fishing
 Hand-line Fishing
• Handlining is a fishing method in which a line with a hook, usually baited, is
lowered into the water from a drifting, anchored or moving boat or from a jetty,
pier or rock on the shore overlooking the water
• Handline fishing, or handlining, is a fishing technique where a single fishing
line is held in the hands, rather than with a fishing rod like the usual angling, of
which handlining is a subtype. Handlining is not to be confused
with handfishing, which is catching fish by hand. When handlining, one or
more fishing lures or baited hooks are attached to the line, and a fishing
lure and often a weight and/or a fishing float can also be attached to the line.
Handlining is among the oldest forms of fishing and is still practiced
throughout the world today.
POTS AND TRAPS
POTS AND TRAPS
 POTS AND TRAPS
• Traps are deployed on the seabed for around 24 hours before being
hauled aboard a boat for harvesting and re-baiting. Although they can
be laid out individually, they are more commonly laid out in strings
(fleets) with a number of traps attached to a long rope
• Trapsand pots are submerged three-dimensional wire or wood
devices that permit organisms to enter the enclosure but make escape
extremely difficult or impossible
• Baitis commonly secured in the trap to lure organisms inside, where
they wait until fishermen return to retrieve the catch and re-bait the
traps.