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Proteins - Enzymes

Cell cycle – apoptosis & necrosis

Jae Pyun
Proteins: ENZYMES
 Learning outcomes
Can you?

1. Explain the role of proteins at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and
system levels in maintaining homeostasis and facilitating effective bodily
function;
2. Compare the structures and functions of different types of proteins, including
enzymes, and structural proteins, and explain how they contribute to the
overall function of different body systems;
3. Predict the effects of disruptions in protein structure and function on cellular
processes and overall bodily function, and analyse how these disruptions
can lead to diseases and disorders; Workshop - Slavko
4. Conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate the characteristics of
enzymes and/or proteins, such as enzyme kinetics, protein denaturation, or
protein-protein interactions, and write a extended lab report.

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Proteins can lose their function if denatured

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Enzymes are proteins that have catalytic activity

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Enzyme specificity and induced fit

VS

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Types of Enzymes: Zymogen & Inactive to active enzymes

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Cofactors and coenzymes

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https://www.pathwayz.org/Tree/Plain/ENZYME+COFACTORS
Enzyme inhibitors/drugs & Allosteric modulation

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Enzyme Kinetics

Enzyme X

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The Cell Cycle
Apoptosis vs Necrosis
 Learning outcomes
Can you?

1. Describe the structure and functions of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA);

2. Explain DNA replication;

3. Describe the cell cycle: from cell replication (division) to cell death
(apoptosis and necrosis).

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The cell cycle
▪ Annotate the diagram: what do M, G, S stand for? G1, S
and G2 combined are referred to as? What are M and I?
What is happening in G0?

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The cell cycle
▪ Annotate the diagram: what do M, G, S stand for? G1, S
and G2 combined are referred to as? What are M and I?
What is happening in G0?

courses.lumenlearning.com

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Cell division

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Mitosis

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commons.wikipedia.org
Cell division versus cell death
▪ Another example of homeostasis. Why is this important?

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Apoptosis versus necrosis: complete the following table

Apoptosis Necrosis
Regulated or controlled?
Ordered pattern of events?
Leakage of cellular
contents?
Associated with
inflammation?

Induction or cause?
When would this be
beneficial?

What happens if it goes

wrong?

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Workshop #4 TOMORROW

▪ MUST go through the discovery material “The life cycle of

a cell”

▪ Preparation task (quite a lot of questions to check your

understanding)

▪ Working in your groups you will collaborate on a

Worksheet answering questions and doing research on
DNA , RNA, mutations, cell death and disease

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