Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Resumen Ingles 2019-2020
Resumen Ingles 2019-2020
VOCABULARIO
DÍAS DE LA SEMANA
Monday Lunes Tuesday Martes Wednesday Miércoles
Thursday Jueves Friday Viernes Saturday Sábado
Sunday Domingo
VOCABULARIO
MESES DEL AÑO
January Enero February Febrero March Marzo
April Abril May Mayo June Junio
July Julio August Agosto September Septiembre
October Octubre November Noviembre December Diciembre
VOCABULARIO
ADJETIVOS
Brave Valiente Serious Serio/a Helpful Servicial
Loving Amoroso Shy Tímido/a Selfish Egoísta
Sincere Sincero/a Trustworthy Confiable Laidback Relajado
Honest Honesto Stubborn Terco/a Angry Enfadado
Asleep Dormido Awake Despierto Bad Malo
Beautiful Precioso Bright Brillante Cheap Barato
Clean Limpio Clear Claro Cold Frío
Cool Fresco Cruel Cruel Deep Profundo
Delicate Delicado Differente Diferente Dirty Sucio
Dry Seco Early Temprano Exhausted Agotado
False Falso Far Lejos Fat Gordo
Feeble Débil Flat Llano Foolish Estúpido
Free Libre Full Lleno Generous Generoso
Good Bueno Great Estupendo Handsome Atractivo
Happy Feliz Hard Duro Healthy Saludable
Heavy Pesado Hight Alto Hollow Hueco
Hot Caliente Huge Enorme Hungry Hambriento
Light Ligero Long Largo Loud Ruidoso
Lovely Bonito Mean Tacaño Messy Desordenado
Natural Natural Narrow Estrecho Near Cerca
Necessary Necesario New Nuevo Old Viejo
Open Abierto Opposite Contrario Poor Pobre
Private Privado Quick Rápido Quiet Tranquilo
Ready Preparado Rich Rico Right Correcto
Rough Áspero Sad Triste Safe Seguro
Serious Serio Sharp Afilado Short Corto
Shut Cerrado Simple Simple Smooth Delicado
Soft Suave Special Especial Spicy Picante
Steep Empinado Sticky Pegajoso Straight Recto o Directo
Strange Extraño Strong Fuerte Sudden Repentino
Sweet Dulce Thick Grueso Thin Delgado
Tight Ajustado Tired Cansado True Verdadero
Ugly Feo Violent Violento Warm Caluroso
Weak Débil Wet Húmedo Wide Ancho
Wise Sabio Wrong Erróneo Young Jóven
In all En total
REFERIRSE A ALGO O ALGUIEN In short En resumen
In brief En resumen
In conclusion Para concluir
With regards to En relación a… To sum up Para resumir
As far as… is En cuanto a… se To summarize Para resumir
concerned refiere On the whole En general
Finalmente / Con el
Finally / Eventually
tiempo
EXPRESAR UNA OPINIÓN Last but not least Por último
PERSONAL Una vez
All things considered
considerando ésto
In my opinión En mi opinión
In my view En mi opinión INDICADORES DE TIEMPO
From my point of Desde mi punto de
view vista
Personally Personalmente First of all Primero
As far as I´m Por lo que a mí Next / Then Luego
concerned respecta After that Después
Basically Básicamente While Mientras
Especially Especialmente In the meantime Mientras tanto
In particular En particular Suddenly De repente
Above all Sobre todo Finally Finalmente
On the whole En general In the end Al final
In general En general
I think / believe that Pienso / Creo que
I agree with Estoy de acuerdo
I disagree with No estoy de acuerdo
WHO = QUIÉN
Who is the best football player in the world? ¿Quién es el mejor futbolista en el mundo?
Who are your best friends? ¿Quién es tu mejor amigo?
Who is that strange guy over there? ¿Quién es esa persona tan rara de ahí?
WHERE = DÓNDE
WHEN = CÚANDO
WHICH = CUALES
Which drink did you order the rum or the beer? ¿Qué bebida has pedido Ron o Cerveza?
Which day do you prefer for a meeting today or
¿Qué día prefieres quedar Hoy o mañana?
tomorrow?
Which is better this one or that one? ¿Cuál es mejor Este o Aquel?
HOW = CÓMO
How many days are there in April? ¿Cuántos días tiene Abril?
How many people live in this city? ¿Cuántas personas viven en la ciudad?
How often do you visit your grandmother? ¿Con cuanta frecuencia visitas a tu abuela?
How often are you sick? ¿Con cuanta frecuencia enfermas?
Se utiliza la preposición IN cuando se quiere indicar: “dentro de”, “en el interior de”
In my room
In the living room In the box
Espacios cerrados In a office Dentro de objetos In the book
In a hospital
In the kitchen
In the park
In London
Lugares con límites definidos In a Street Ciudades y países
In Germany
In the garden
In 2012 In the morning
Largos periodos de tiempo In December Partes del día In the afternoon
In Spring In the evening
Se utiliza la preposición AT cuando se quiere indicar: “junto a”, “al lado de”
At Natural museum
At home
Lugares comunes Lugares específicos At the Cambringe
At school
University
Sitios concretos de un At the door
Direcciones y domicilios At 03008 San Gabriel
establecimiento At the window
At the party At the top / botton
Citas y acontecimientos Posiciones
At the meeting At the front / back
Horas y momentos At 4:00 am At Christmas
Periodos vacacionales
determinados del día At midnight At Easter
PRONOMBRE SUJETO
PERSONA SINGULAR PLURAL
1ª persona I We
2ª persona You You
3ª persona He / She / It They
PRONOMBRE COMPLEMENTO
PERSONA SINGULAR PLURAL
1ª persona Me Us
2ª persona You You
3ª persona Him / Her / It Them
PRONOMBRE POSESIVO
PERSONA SINGULAR PLURAL
1ª persona My Our
2ª persona Your Your
3ª persona His / Her / Its Their
PRONOMBRE REFLEXIVO
PERSONA SINGULAR PLURAL
1ª persona Myself Ourselves
2ª persona Yourself Yourselves
3ª persona Himself / Herself / Itself Themselves
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Afirmativo Negativo Interrogativo
I am asking I am (I´m) not asking Am I asking?
You are asking You are not (aren´t) asking Are you asking?
He/She/It is asking He/She/It is not (isn´t) asking Is he/she/it asking?
We/You /They are asking We/You/They are not (aren´t) asking Are we/you/they asking?
PAST SIMPLE
Afirmativo Negativo Interrogativo
I/You worked I/You did not (didn´t) work Did I/you work?
He/She/It worked He/She/It did not (didn ´t) work Did he/she/it work?
We/You/They worked We/You/They did not (didn ´t) work Did we/you/they work?
PAST CONTINUOUS
Afirmativo Negativo Interrogativo
I was running I was (wasn´t) not running Was I running?
You were running You were not (weren´t) running Were you running?
He/She/It was running He/She/It was not (wasn ´t) running Was he/she/it running?
We/You /They were running We/You/They were not (weren´t) running Were we/you/they running?
FUTURE SIMPLE
Afirmativo Negativo Interrogativo
I/You will win I/You will not (won´t) win Will I/you win?
He/She/It will win He/She/It will not (won´t) win Will he/she/it win?
We/You/They will win We/You/They will not (won´t) win Will we/you/they win?
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Afirmativo Negativo Interrogativo
I/You will be swimming I/You will not (won´t) be swimming Will I/you be swimming?
He/She/It will be swimming He/She/It will not (won´t) be swimming Will he/she/it be swimming?
We/You/They will be We/You/They will not (won´t) be
Will we/you/they be swimming?
swimming swimming
USOS EJEMPLOS
Hablar sobre acciones que están sucediendo Look! The boys are playing football. Hurry up!
ahora, al momento de hablar. The train is coming
Para hablar sobre acciones que están
We are studying very hard. We have to
sucediendo ahora, pero no exactamente en
prepare for our exams.
PRESENT el momento de hablar
CONTINUOUS What are you doing on Saturday?
Para hablar sobre lo que ya se ha acordado
I am meeting my friend at the station. She is
hacer.
arriving at 8 pm
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
Now | Right now | At the momento | This year | At present | Today | These days | This month
| This evening | Tonight | Tomorrow | Next friday | Next week | Next year | Next …
USOS EJEMPLOS
Hablar sobre acciones realizadas en el I met my friend yesterday
pasado (con expresiones terminadas) Did you go to the seaside last summer?
Hablar sobre una sucesión de acciones He opened the door, switched on the light and fed
pasadas (historias) his cat
PAST SIMPLE
Para hablar sobre una acción futura He fell asleep while the teacher was explaining
planificada (un horario) new gramar rules
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
Yesterday | Last week | Last year | Two days ago | In 2007 | In 1980s | In the 18th century |
When | Then
USOS EJEMPLOS
Siempre está conectado con el presente y
lo único que importa aquí es el resultado: I have lost my keys. I can´t open the door.
el momento en que tuvo lugar la acción
no tiene importancia:
PRESENT
Hablar sobre una acción que se ha I have seen this film and I can discuss it with you
PERFECT terminado relacionada con el presente now
SIMPLE
Cuando los períodos de tiempo no están
Have you called you mother today?
terminados en el momento de hablar
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
Never | Ever | Already | Just | Yet | Recently | Lately | How long…? | For | Since | In recent
years
USOS EJEMPLOS
Denota una acción completada antes de She has already finished her work when he came
un cierto momento en el pasado but when i wrote the letter, i posted it
PAST
I had hardly done it when they came.
PERFECT Con las conjunciones (apenas / casi) +
No sooner had they arrived than it started to
SIMPLE cuando
rain
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
Already | By the time | After | Before | Until | Never | Just
USOS EJEMPLOS
I´ll call you tomorrow
Hablar sobre acciones futuras.
Mary will get a present next month
Para predecir el futuro (con
I think it will rain tomorrow
probablemente, espero, estoy seguro, me
FUTURE I don´t think the examen Will be very difficult
pregunto, creo, tal vez)
SIMPLE
Para expresar intención en el momento Do you like these shoes?
de la decisión •Yes, I´ll buy them
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
This evening | Later | In an hour | At 4 o´clock | Tomorrow | Soon | Next month | Next year |
In a few weeks | On 8th May
USOS EJEMPLOS
Para hablar sobre una acción en un
momento particular en el futuro. La I´ll be playing tennis at 10 am tomorrow.
FUTURE acción comenzará antes de ese momento, This time on Sunday I´ll be bathing in the sea.
CONTINUOUS pero no habrá terminado en ese When you arrive, he Will be waiting for you.
momento:
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
At this time tomorrow | Next… | On thursday | In the next decade
USOS EJEMPLOS
Para decir cuánto tiempo han estado las I´ve been learning English for six years
PRESENT cosas hasta ahora It´s been raining all day
PERFECT Para decir cómo hemos estado ocupando Yours hands are dirty
CONTINUOUS nuestro tiempo (hasta ahora) I´ve been painting the walls
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
For a year | Since 2002 | How long…? | All night | All morning | All day | All week
USOS EJEMPLOS
Denota una acción que comenzó antes de
un momento definido en el pasado, We could not go out because it had been raining
continua hasta ese momento y aún for two hours
PAST continuaba en ese momento
PERFECT Denota una acción que ya no estaba
CONTINUOUS ocurriendo en un momento definido en el The baby´s fase was red abd wet. He had been
pasado, pero que había estado en crying
progreso no mucho antes
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
For hours | Since last April | All morning | When | Until | Before
USOS EJEMPLOS
You Will have been waiting for more tan two
Denota una acción que comenzará antes hours when her plane finaly arrives
FUTURE de un momento definido en el futuro, In the fall I Will have been studying here for 2
PERFECT continuará hasta el momento y years
CONTINUOUS continuará en ese momento. He Will be tired when he arrives. He Will have
been travelling for 24 hours
EXPRESIONES PARA RECONOCER EL TIEMPO VERBAL
For
TIPO 0 Se utiliza cuando el tiempo al que nos referimos es ahora o siempre y la situación es real y possible
If + Present Simple Presente Simple
If it rains the grass gets wet
Si llueve la hierba se moja
If you heat ice it melts
Si calientas hielo se derrite
TIPO 1 Condición y resultado possible. Nos referimos al presente o futuro cuando la situación es real
If + Present Simple Future Simple
If you don´t hurry you will miss the train
Si no te das prisa perderás el tren
If it rains you will get wet
Si llueve te mojarás
TIPO 2 Situación no real, condición hipotética. Puede ser hora o en cualquier momento
If + Past Simple Would + be + Participio o Continuous
If it rained you would get wet
Si lloviera/lloviese te mojarías
If I spoke Italian i would be working in Italy
Si hablara Italiano estaría trabajando en Italia
“Already” se refiere a algo que ha pasado antes o más pronto de lo que se esperaba y es traducido como “ya”
They have already finished their homework Ya han acabado sus deberes
Jacob has already left work Jacob ya se ha ido del trabajo
The train has already arrived El tren ya ha llegado
“Just” se utiliza para acciones que han ocurrido hace poco tiempo y se traduce como “acabar de” o “justo”
I just ate, but I’m already hungry again Acabo de comer, pero ya tengo hambre de nuevo
Where’s Jacob? He’s just left ¿Dónde está Jacob? Acaba de irse
Beth has just moved to New York Beth acaba de trasladarse a Nueva York
“Yet” es usado para algo que esperábamos que sucediera, pero todavía no ha pasado
I’m really hungry. I haven’t eaten yet Tengo mucha hambre. Todavía no he comido
Jacob hasn’t left his job at the hospital yet Jacob todavía no ha salido de trabajar del hospit.
Have they finished their homework yet? ¿Ya han terminado sus deberes?
Has the train arrived yet? ¿Ya ha llegado el tren?
“Can” indica habilidad o posibilidad. En estos casos puede ser traducido como “poder”
I can speak five languages Puedo hablar cinco idiomas
Bill and Tom can’t help you Bill y Tom no pueden ayudarte
It can be dangerous to drive if you are tired Conducir puede ser peligroso si estás cansado
Can they work late tonight? ¿Pueden trabajar hasta tarde esta noche?
“Should o Ought to” indica una obligación o recomendación, se traduce como “deber”
I should call my parents more often Debería llamar a mis padres más a menudo
You shouldn’t work so hard No debería trabajar tan duro
Should we leave a tip? ¿Deberíamos dejar una propina?
They ought to work less Deberían trabajar menos
“Would” se usa para declarar una preferencia y para preguntar por algo educadamente.
She would like to go to New York someday Le gustaría ir a Nueva York algún día
I would like a beer and my wife would like a Me gustaría una cerveza y a mi mujer le gustaría
glass of wine please una copa de vino por favor
Would you help me please? ¿Me ayudas por favor?
When would you like to go to the movies? ¿Cuándo te gustaría ir al cine?
“Actually” se utiliza para hablar de hábitos en el pasado pero que ya no siguen se traduce como
SOLÍA
I actually think this a much better idea than the De hecho, creo que esta es una idea mucho mejor
mine que la mía
Was he actually avoiding conversation with his ¿Estaba realmente evitando la conversación con
father? su padre?
Her eyes actually were filled with tears. Sus ojos en realidad estaban llenos de lágrimas.
Actually, it was how my family always En realidad, así fue como mi familia siempre
celebrated Christmas. celebraba la Navidad.
They hadn't actually settled anything Ellos en realidad no habían resuelto nada
“Used to” se utiliza para hablar de hábitos en el pasado pero que ya no siguen se traduce como
SOLÍA
I used to travel a lot before I had children Solía viajar mucho antes de tener hijos
I didn't use to travel a lot before I had children No solía viajar mucho antes de tener hijos
Did you use to travel a lot before I had children? ¿Solías viajar mucho antes de tener hijos?
“be used to” nos sirve para hablar de hábitos en el presente y a situaciones que son habituales o
normales para nosotros, se traduce como SOLER o ESTAR ACOSTUMBRADO
Sharon está acostumbrada a tener plazos
Sharon is really used to having tight deadlines
ajustados
Sharon no está acostumbrada a tener plazos
Sharon isn´t really used to having tight deadlines
ajustados
¿Está Sharon realmente acostumbrada a tener
Is Sharon really used to having tight deadlines?
plazos ajustados?
“get used to” se usa para hablar de situaciones a las que nos estamos adaptando y para enfatizar un
cambio de hábitos que nos supone un esfuerzo, se traduce como ACOSTUMBRARSE
I am getting used to not smoking and I feel much Me estoy acostumbrando a no fumar y me siento
better mucho mejor
Cuando me mudé a Londres, tuve que
When I moved to London, I had to get used to
acostumbrarme a pasar mucho tiempo para ir a
spending a lot of time to go anywhere
cualquier parte.
I won’t get used to the rain No me acostumbraré a la lluvia.
Did you get used to living in a town? ¿Te acostumbraste a vivir en un pueblo?
PRESENT SIMPLE
Peter writes books Books are written by Peter
PAST SIMPLE
Peter wrote books Books were written by Peter
FUTURE SIMPLE
Peter will write books Books will be written by peter
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Peter is writing books Books are being written by Peter
PAST CONTINUOUS
Peter was writting books Books were being written by Peter
PRESENT PERFECT
Peter has witten books Books have being written by Peter
PAST PERFECT
Peter had written books Books had been writting by Peter
GOING TO
Peter is going to write books Books are going to be written by Peter
CONDICIONAL
Peter would write books Books would be written by Peter
ESTILO INDIRECTO
PRESENT SIMPLE
He stays at a hotel, she said She said that he stayed at a hotel
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
He is staying at a hotel, she said She said that he was staying at a hotel
PAST SIMPLE
He stayed at a hotel, she said She said that he had stayed at a hotel
PAST CONTINUOUS
He was staying at a hotel, she said She said that he had been stayed at a hotel
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
He has stayed at a hotel, she said She said that he had stayed at a hotel
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
He has been staying at a hotel, she said She said that he had been staying at a hotel
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
He had stayed at a hotel, she said She said that he had stayed at a hotel
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
He had been staying at a hotel, she said She said that he had been staying at a hotel
FUTURE SIMPLE
He Will stay at a hotel, she said She said that he would stay at a hotel
Can Could
May Might
Must / Have to Must / Had to
Will Would
Now Then
Today That day
Tonight That night
Yesterday The previous day / The day before
Last week The previous week / The week before
A month ago The previous month / The month before
Tomorrow The following day / The day after / The next day
Next week The following week / The week after
Here There
This That
These Those
PRONOMBRES DEMOSTRATIVOS
THIS ESTE/A/O I like this car Me gusta este coche
THAT ESE/A/O AQUEL/O/A I like that car Me gusta ese coche
También lo podemos
That pizza was
THAT utilizar para referirnos a Aquella pizza estaba riquísima
delicious
algo del pasado
THESE ESTOS/AS I like these cars Me gustan estos coches
THOSE ESOS/AS AQUELLOS/AS I like those cars Me gustan aquellos coches
ARTICULO INDEFINIDO
a Se utiliza con nombre que comienzan por consonante
an Se usa con nombre que comienzan por vocal
a book Un libro an animal Un animal
a pen Un bolígrafo an ice cream Un helado
a chair Una silla an example Un ejemplo
a girl Una chica an umbrella Un paraguas
Se utiliza a antes de las palabras que comienzan por las letras “u” o “eu” cuando se pronuncian
como “yu”
Se utiliza an con palabras que comienzan por “h” solo cuando no se pronuncia.