What Is Coolmax Fabric?

Complete analysis
practicaltextile.com/what-is-coolmax-fabric-made-of

November 4, 2021

Coolmax fabric is nothing but a blend of polyester fabric created or designed by the
trademark Invista. It is developed in 1986. Their goal is to cool the human screen during
summer. For the very first time is used for wearing to exercise. But nowadays it has
hundreds of applications. Coolmax is made of Coolmax fiber. It is one of the best
wicking fabrics.

All the questions will be discussed with a practical experiment.

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 Coolmax fabric

Coolmax fabric and its different parameters are discussed below.

What is Coolmax fabric?

The fabric which has the properties of cooling technology with permanent moisture-
wicking performance is called cool max fabric. Coolmax fabric helps to transfer moisture
from the human screen to the outside of the fabric surface. It creates an extra cool feeling
in the body. It can also mix with different fibers like wool, viscose, and Tencel to create an
extraordinary effect.

What is cool max fiber?

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Coolmax fiber is a combination of different polyester fibers. It is the child fiber of polyester
fiber. It contains some special properties as well as the parent polyester properties.

what is wicking in fabric?

Wicking is a technology by which moisture is transferred from the inner portion of fabric to
the outer surface of the fabric. Coolmax fabric is an ideal example of a wicking fabric.

Coolmax fabric technology

Coolmax fiver vs normal fiber arrangement

Normal fiver is round in cross-section. So that there is no space between each other. But
the Coolmax fibers are oblong/butterfly shape in cross-section. As a result, there is a
space among the fibers. For this reason, this Coolmax fiber arrangement has the
capability to pass the moisture with the blank space.

Feature of Coolmax fabric/ Specialty of cool max fabric

Having cooling technology
Moisture wicking performance
Transfer out moisture from the skin surface to the outer surface of the fabric and
make the skin dry.
Create extra comfort for the human body/skin.
Increase the durability of the fabric
Eco friendly
Capability to mix or blend to the other fiber.
Breathable
Protect the fabric from fading
Prevent shrinking and wrinkling.

What is Coolmax Fabric Made Of 100% Practical Solution Of

Knitting, Dyeing, Finishing, And Testing of Coolmax fabric

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Here I am sharing my most recent experience which I did. I am explaining all the required
parameters of knitting dyeing finishing and testing Coolmax fabric.

Target Parameter:

Fabric type Coolmax Interlock

Composition 60% cotton + 40% Coolmax polyester

Color Name /Pantone Olive

Shade % 0.2%

Repaired Diameter 170 cm

Required GSM 280

Special Note The special fabric needs special care

Estimated target process flow chart of Coolmax fabric:

Knitting of Coolmax Fabric:

Imported Coolmax yarn parameter:

We imported yarn from a reputed company for this moisture-wicking fabric. I am sharing
the below parameter.

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 Yarn count and Type 30 count coolmax polyester

Yarn Composition 60% cotton and 40% Coolmax polyester

Yarn Brand A Reported Company

Knitting setting Parameter of Coolmax fabric:

The setting parameter of knitting to get our target fabric is in the below table.

Machine Dia and Gauge 34 & 24G

Total Needle 5120

Stitch length 30

Machine Brand Orizio

Machine RPM 10

The parameter after Knitting of cotton Coolmax blends fabric:

After completing knitting we get the fabric parameter stated below table.

Grey fabric width (Dia) 208 cm open

Gray GSM 240

Dyeing of Coolmax fabric with dispersed and reactive dyes:

Here we have completed knitting of this Ponte Coolmax polyester fabric. Now we have
the dye the fabric. We discussed below all the flow processes of dyeing which we did for
this batch.

Dyeing of Coolmax process flow Chart:

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Short description of cotton fabric dyeing process flow chart:

I am giving here a short description for a better understanding of all the processes.

Batching:

Knitted fabric is collected from the knitting gray store and created a batch here. Batch
means the prepared fabric in dyeable format. Knitting is done roll to roll. Here fabric
creates a rope according to the loading capacity of the dyeing machine. A batch card is
also created for storing all the knitting and dyeing process parameters.

Heat Setting for this special Ponte Roma fabric:

Heat setting is the process of a starter machine to control the dimensional stability of the
fabric. This process is added to control the mechanical deformation of a knitted fabric like
crease marks, long marks, Fabric side twisting, etc. This process is not needed for all the
fabric. It is not possible to state all the fabric types. I am giving only some of the fabric
which is in my mind right now.

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The heat setting is done for the fabric which is given below table:

Fabric Type GSM Range

Elastane / lycra fabric All gsm fabric

Single jersey fabric 180 and above

Fleece / terry 350 and above

100% polyester fabric/ PC fabric All gsm fabric

Special constructional fabric All gsm fabric( Depends on target swatch)

All types of CVC fabric All GSM (Which need polyester part dyeing)

Tightly knitted fabric All Gsm fabric

Heat Setting parameter of this special Coolmax fabric and result:

Temperature : 180’C

Over feed : 30%

Machine speed : 22

Padder pressure : 1st padder- 3, 2nd padder- 2

Ist batch liquid : Lubricant & oil remover

2nd Batch Liquid : Lubricant

Before GSM : 180

After GSM : 325

Setting parameter name Before heat set Setting In stenter machine After heat set

Fabric diameter 240 280 273

Loading to dyeing machine:

It is the 4th step of the dyeing process. Lubricant is injected into the machine for avoiding
friction between the machine and the fabric surface. Then load the fabric. Cycle time,
Pump pressure, Reel speed, and Nozzle pressure setting is controlled here. Then rise the
temperature to 80’c and run 10min. Drain and wash.

Polyester part dyeing of the Coolmax polyester fabric with dispersed dyes:

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Control the PH 4.5 then raise the temperature to 130’c and run 45min. Cooling and drain
if the shade is ok.

Reduction Cleaning:

The unfixed dispersed dyes are removed from the surface of the fabric. The unfixed dyes
means the dyes which are not completely fixed with the fabric. It improves the fastness
properties of the fabric.

Scouring and Bleaching:

Normally scouring and bleaching are two different processes in oven fabric. But for
knitting fabric, is done in the same batch. For the dyeing of Coolmax fabric, we use
caustic soda and hydrogen peroxide a little bit used to scour and bleach here.

Dyeing:

A Reactive dyeing process is used here. This is one of the best sensitive fabrics. So that
it needs special care to get better results. This is why we use a perfect dyeing process.
The result of this fabric dyeing process is good to use. I am personally using this process
in my factory for better results.

After-treatment:

In this stage, neutralization is done. Then the unfixed dyes are removed by a soaping
agent. Better or high-temperature soaping will give you better fastness properties. But
here the dye shade% is low. So that no need to high soaping. Here core neutralizer is
used to get better results. But we can also use only ascetic acid for naturalization.

Special note For dyeing of Coolmax fabric:

Over sure about the PH of the dye bath during dispersed dyes and other stages, Need
proper heat setting. Lubricant must have to inject before loading the fabric. The cycle time
range will be 2min-3min (Not below 2min).

Dyeing process of Coolmax yarn fabric step by step:

Color Name : Olive

Batch quantity : 10kg

Dyeing Type : Disperse and reactive dyeing

M:L : 1: 10

Enzyme Type : No

Cycle Time : 2.5 min

Special Note : Care full about PH and the process

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Polyester Part Dyeing

Oxalic acid and anti-creasing agent hot 80’c temperature

Run 10min

Drain and fill

Control Ph 4.5

Leveling of dispersing dyeing and Antecreaseing agent injects

Run 10min

Rise temperature 80’c

Color(disperse dyes) dossing 30min

Run 10min

Rise temperature 130’c Grade 0.5

Run 45min

Cooling at 80’c Grade 0.5

Check the shade

If ok drain the dye batch

Reduction Cleaning

Dossing the soda ash lt for 10min

then rise the temperature at 80’c

rise the chemical tank temperature 80’c also

inject the hydro’s

rise the temperature to 95’c

run 15min

cooling at 80’c

drain

Scouring & Bleaching

Detergent + Anti-creasing agent = Inject

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Temp 40c*= Fabric Load

Soda ash light Dosing

Temperature 60c*20 Minute

Temperature 70c

Sequestering agent + H2O2 Dosing 5 Minute

Temp to 95’C & run 50 Minute

Cooling at 78’C

Sample check

If the sample ok then Drain

Normal Hot 70*10

Peroxide killer 60*10 Minute

Drain

Naturalization with acid

Drain

Wash 10 min

Dyeing Viscose part

Leveling Ph check 6.20

Leveling Dosing 60c 3 Minute

Color Dosing 25 Minutes

Runtime 10 minute

1st 10% Salt Dosing 15 Minute

Runtime 10 Minute

2nd 20% Salt dosing 15 Minute

Runtime 10 Minute

3rd 70% Salt Dosing 15 Minute

Runtime 10 Minute

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Salt Sample check

1st 10% Soda dosing 15 minute

Runtime 10 minute

90% Soda dosing 25 minute

Runtime 10 minute

Sample check

BD

Hot wash

Acid

Unload

Finishing Process of Coolmax fabric:

Now we completed dyeing this fabric. Now we discuss the finishing process and
parameter step by step below:

Finishing flow chart of Coolmax fabric:

Finishing flow chart of Coolmax fabric:

Short Description of the flow process stages for better understanding:

Slitting:

After dyeing the fabric we get it as a tube format fabric. But we have to use an open
center and compacting machine to get better results. So that the fabric needs to open.
This is why we use this machine to open this fabric.

Setting parameter And result:

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 Machine speed 40

Padder Pressure 1.5

Fabric In Diameter 34 Cm (Tube)

Fabric Out Diameter 170 Cm ( open)

Stenter:

We dry the fabric and control the diameter, GSM, and shrinkage. For this, we need to
appropriate setting. I am giving the setting which I did for this batch

Setting parameter of stenter:

Speed 14

Diameter 180

Temperature 110’C

Overfeed 20%

Paddler pressure 3+2

After stenter

Fabric diameter 172

GSM 273

Compacting:

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 Compacting Parameter

Common Setting Overfeed 30%

Speed/RPM 14

Temp 120

Steam Pressure 30

Topic Target Before setting after

Dia 150 170 170 170

Gsm 280 273 290

Shrinkage

Tumble dry Length -3%

Width -3%%

Spiralinity 2%

Re Tumble Length -0.5%

width 1.00%

Spirality 0.0%

Full dia, gsm, and shrinkage are controlled here. Better appearance and looking are done
here. The overall quality of dyeing is controlled here.

I am giving the parameter which I have done for the subjective batch.

Special Note: Wash GSM =308

All the parameters are actual which I got during the process.

Now the fabric is sent to the testing lab for all the test reports.

Comments: All the finishing parameter is ok.

The testing report of Coolmax fabric:

How many Tests will be done on the fabric depending on the buyer’s requirement? This
batch is done for development so the basic testing is done here. We did the test..

Testing of Quality and fabric parameters of Coolmax fabric

How many Tests will be done on the fabric depending on the buyer’s requirement? This
batch is done for development so the basic testing is done here. We did the test.

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EXPERIENT DATE: 20 October 2021

Applicant’s Name: M. K. Islam

Contact Name: M. K. Islam

Sample Details:

Sample Received: 18 October 2021, Time:02:00pm

Test Period: 18 October 2021 to 20 October 2021

Turn Around Time: 03 days

No of Sample Received: Two (02) Meter

Sample Description & Color Name: Knitted Interlock Fabric Sample Marked as (A) in
Color Olive

Style Name : CEL COOLMAX INTERLOCK

Fiber Declaration : 60% Cotton 40% Coolmax Polyester

Fabric Weight : 280 GSM

Followed Care Instruction :

Test Program : Package Test

Buyer Name : Practical Textile

Conclusion of Test Results:

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 Sl. No. Test Name Results (A)

01 Dimensional Stability to washing Pass

02 Angular Variation After Washing Pass

03 Color Fastness to Washing Pass

04 Color Fastness To Rubbing Pass

05 Color Fastness To Water Pass

06 Color Fastness to Perspiration Pass

07 Pilling Resistance (ICI BOX Method) Pass

08 Mass per unit area Pass

TEST RESULTS OF COOLMAZ FABRIC

01. Dimensional Stability To Washing

Test Method : NF EN ISO 5077/6330/3759

Wash Condition: Normal Program, Machine wash @40ºC, Tumble dry, Used Front
loading washing Machine Wascator with 15.4gm ECE reference Detergent, 4gm Sodium
Per borate and 0.65gm TAED Solution With 2 Kg Load.

Sample (A) After Three Wash

Direction Result Client Requirement

Length -0.5% ±5%

Width -1.0%

Remark: (+) Means Extension And (-) Means Shrinkage

02. Angular Variation After Washing

Test Method: ISO16322-1: 2005

Wash Condition: Normal Program, Machine wash @40ºC, Tumble Dry, Used Front
loading washing Machine Wascator with 15.4gm ECE reference Detergent, 4gm Sodium
Per borate, and 0.65gm TAED Solution With 2 Kg Load.

Sample (A) Result (After Three Wash) Client Requirement

Spirality 0.5% 5%

03. Color Fastness To Washing

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Test Method: NF EN ISO 105 CO6-A2S:2010

Test Condition: Temperature at 40 degrees, Time 30 min, Detergent 4g/l ECE,1 g/l
Sodium Per borate With 10 Pcs Steel Balls

Sample (A) Result Client Requirement

Color Change 4 4

Color Staining 3-4

-Acetate 4

-Cotton 4

-Nylon 4

-Polyester 4

-Acrylic 4-5

-wool 4-5

04. Color Fastness To Rubbing

Test Method: NF EN ISO 105 X12:2016

Test Condition: As Received Stage

Sample (A) Result Client Requirement

Dry Rub 4-5 3-4

Wet Rub 3-4 3

05. Color Fastness To Water

Test Method: NF EN ISO 105 E01:2013

Test Condition: Temperature at 37±2 degrees, Time 4 hours.

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 Sample (A) Result Client Requirement

Color Change 4 4

Color Staining 3-4

-Acetate 4

-Cotton 4

-Nylon 4

-Polyester 4-5

-Acrylic 4-5

-wool 4-5

06. Color Fastness To Perspiration

Test Method: NF EN ISO 105 E04:2013

Test Condition: Temperature at 37±2 degrees, Time 4 hours.

Sample (A) Result Client Requirement

Acid Alkaline

Color Change 4 4 4

Color Staining 3-4

-Acetate 4 4

-Cotton 4 4

-Nylon 4 4

-Polyester 4-5 4-5

-Acrylic 4-5 4-5

-wool 4-5 4-4

07. Resistance Of Pilling (ICI BOX Method)

Test Method: NF EN ISO 12945-1:2020

Wash Condition: After Three Wash (ISO 6330, Normal Program@40ºC, Tumble dry)

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 Sample (A) Result Client Requirement

After 14, 400 Cycle, 4hrs

Grade 4 4

Note: Fuzzy Effects were observed

08. Mass Per Unit Area

Test Method: NF EN ISO 3801: 1977, method 5

Test Stage: As Received Stage

Sample (A) Result Client Requirement

Average 293.8 g/m2 280 g/m2 (±5%)

Conclusion:
I am sharing here my full Coolmax fabric made of yarn to fabric knitting, dyeing, and
finishing process with a flow chart. A complete practical Gide line is available here. Of
course, everyone can ask me any process-related questions in the comment section. I
will answer the entire question. As a textile engineer, I think I can solve problems from
my 10 years of practical experience.

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