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Problem Set 1
Problem Set 1
Problem Set 1
College of Science
Physics 73
First Long Exam Problem Set
Second Semester, AY 2015–2016
Name: Instructor:
Course: College:
First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
Instructions: Choose the letter of the best answer to each of the following questions. Use
Mongol 2 pencil only to shade your answer to the exam. To change your answer, neatly erase
your old answer and simply shade the new one. Any form of cheating in examinations or any
act of dishonesty in relation to studies, such as plagiarism, shall be subject to disciplinary
action.
USEFUL CONSTANTS
1 atm = 1.01 × 105 Pa
1000 L = 1 m3
Avogadro’s number: NA = 6.022 × 1023 molecules/mol
Boltzmann constant: k = 1.381 × 10−23 J/molecule·K
Ideal gas constant: R = 8.314 J/mol·K = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K
Stefan-Boltzmann constant: σ = 5.67 × 10−8 W/m2 ·K4
1. Got Scales? Consider the following temperatures: I. 3.00 ◦ C, II. 11.00 ◦ F, III. 74.00 K.
Which of the following gives the correct relationship among these three temperatures?
A. III<II<I
B. I<II<III
C. III<I<II
D. I=II<III
2. Zeroth. System A is in thermal equilibrium with system B. System B is removed and
brought in contact with system C. Upon contact, changes in the properties of systems B
and C are observed. Which of the following is TRUE about the temperatures of systems
A, B, and C after all changes ceased?
A. TB = TA C. TB = TC
B. TA = TC D. All of the above
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
3. Real Steel. A steel cylinder [β = 3.60 × 10−5 (C◦ )−1 ] is initially at 7.00 ◦ C. At what
temperature will its volume be 0.20% larger than its initial volume?
A. 55.6 ◦ C
B. 62.6 ◦ C
C. 222 ◦ C
D. 229 ◦ C
4. Squeeze. A metal rod experiences a 2000 N/m2 stress upon increasing the temperature
at constant length by 10 C◦ . If the cross-sectional area is tripled and the temperature is
increased further by another 10 C◦ , what will be the new stress on the rod?
A. 1000 N/m2
B. 1333 N/m2
C. 6000 N/m2
D. 4000 N/m2
5. Ice Bucket Challenge. How much heat should be removed to freeze 0.20 kg of water
initially at 15.0 ◦ C to ice at 0.00 ◦ C?
A. 1.26 × 104 J
B. 5.42 × 104 J
C. 6.68 × 104 J
D. 7.94 × 104 J
6. DQ. Mass A needs to absorb some amount of heat Q to raise its temperature by 1 K. If
the mass is divided into two equal parts, how much heat does each part need to increase its
temperature by 1 K?
A. Q
B. 2Q
C. Q/2
D. Q/4
7. Steamy. How much water at 20.0 ◦ C will it take to cool down a kilogram of steam at
100 ◦ C into liquid water at an equilibrium temperature of 25.0 ◦ C?
A. 123 kg C. 345 kg
B. 92.7 kg D. 23.7 kg
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
11. Almost ideal. In which of the following situations can a real gas, obeying the van der
Waal’s equation of state, be approximated as an ideal gas? (Assume all other variables are
kept consant in all situations.)
A. When 106 mol of real gas are placed in a 10 m3 container.
B. When 0.01 mol of real gas are placed in a 106 m3 container.
C. When 10 mol of real gas are placed in a 10 m3 container.
D. A real gas can be approximated as an ideal gas in all of the three situations.
12. Cylindrical tank. A large cylindrical tank contains 0.75 m3 of nitrogen gas (assumed to
be ideal) at 27 ◦ C and 5.0 × 104 Pa. What will be the pressure if the volume is decreased
to 0.45 m3 and the temperature is increased to 87 ◦ C?
A. 2.7 × 105 Pa
B. 2.6 × 104 Pa
C. 6.9 × 104 Pa
D. 1.0 × 105 Pa
13. N2. How many moles of nitrogen are present in a volume of 3.00 L if the temperature of
the gas is 22 ◦ C and the absolute pressure is 2.00 atm?
A. 0.002 mol
B. 0.248 mol
C. 0.033 mol
D. 3.320 mol
14. KE. What is the average translational kinetic energy of a monatomic ideal gas molecule at
27 ◦ C?
A. 5.59 × 10−22 J
B. 3.73 × 10−22 J
C. 6.22 × 10−21 J
D. 4.14 × 10−21 J
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
15. Gas. A vessel contains 1000 molecules of ideal gas,peach of mass m at temperature T .
How many gas molecules have speeds greater than 108kT /(25m)? The table below
shows fractions of molecules in an ideal gas with speeds less than various multiples of
v/vrms .
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
20. Pressurized. Ten moles of an ideal gas are compressed at constant pressure until its tem-
perature reaches 6.0 ◦ C. If 1.5 kJ of work is needed to do this, what is the initial temperature
of the gas?
A. 48 ◦ C
B. 32 ◦ C
C. 24 ◦ C
D. 12 ◦ C
21. Ratio. Consider 3.00 mol of an ideal gas which expands isothermally from V1 to V2 at
30.0 ◦ C. If the work done by the gas is 3906 J, what is the ratio of the final pressure to the
initial pressure, p2 /p1 ?
A. 0.391 C. 1.676
B. 0.500 D. 0.596
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
22. Cylinder. A cylinder with movable piston contains an ideal gas. During isobaric expansion
of the gas from 0.250 m3 to 0.280 m3 , it absorbs 8.59 kJ of heat and its internal energy
increases by 4.30 kJ. What is the pressure exerted by the gas?
A. 1.43 × 105 Pa
B. 2.30 × 105 Pa
C. 2.51 × 105 Pa
D. 3.06 × 105 Pa
23. Compressible. A gas in a container compresses isobarically at 0.140 MPa from a volume
of 0.250 m3 to 0.090 m3 . If 0.130 MJ of heat is liberated during the process, what is the
change in internal energy of the gas?
A. 152 kJ
B. 108 kJ
C. –108 kJ
D. –152 kJ
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
For the next two numbers, consider 2.00 mol of a monatomic ideal gas that has a volume of
0.0350 m3 and is held at a pressure of 120 kPa.
26. Vol-lala. If the gas undergoes adiabatic heating such that its temperature is raised to 400
K, what is the volume of the gas at its final state?
A. 3.51 × 10−10 m3
B. 1.11 × 10−2 m3
C. 1.76 × 10−2 m3
D. 5.55 × 10−7 m3
27. Who U? What is the change in internal energy of the gas for the adiabatic process?
A. Zero
B. 3677 J
C. 737 J
D. 1180 J
28. Efficiency. What is the efficiency of a heat engine that discards 850 J of heat for every
2000 J of heat absorbed?
A. 0.575
B. 0.425
C. 0.400
D. 2.353
For the next two numbers, consider an Otto engine operated using a monatomic ideal gas that
has a compression ratio of 2.50.
29. Otto Efficiency. What is the efficiency of the engine?
A. 1.000
B. 0.307
C. 0.693
D. 0.457
30. Quite hot. How much heat does the engine need to absorb from the hot reservoir per cycle
if it is required to do 2.00 kJ of work every cycle?
A. 2.00 kJ
B. 4.38 kJ
C. 6.51 kJ
D. 2.89 kJ
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
31. Compound Device. A heat engine with a thermal efficiency of 0.35 performs work as
input to a refrigerator that has a COP of 2.5. If the engine absorbs 10 kJ of heat from the
hot reservoir, how much heat does the refrigerator absorb from the cold reservoir?
A. 8.75 kJ
B. 71.4 kJ
C. 1.40 kJ
D. 3.51 kJ
For the next two numbers, consider a refrigerator which takes in 6.50 kJ of heat per hour using
a power input of 2.00 W.
32. K. What is the coefficient of performance of the refrigerator?
A. 0.903
B. 3.25
C. 3.61
D. 13.0
33. Ehhhh. Suppose the refrigerator is a Carnot refrigerator. When run in reverse as a heat
engine, what is its efficiency?
A. 0.217
B. 0.525
C. 0.235
D. 0.692
34. The irreversible. Which of the following processes is irreversible?
A. Isothermal expansion of gas while absorbing a quantity of heat.
B. Adiabatic expansion from higher to lower temperature.
C. Isobaric compression of gas from higher to lower temperature.
D. All the processes mentioned are reversible.
35. Car, No! Ref, Yes! A Carnot refrigerator operates between 250. K and 300. K. What is its
coefficient of performance?
A. 6
B. 5
C. 50
D. 10
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
36. Entrovaporation. What is the change in entropy of 2.00 kg of water that is vaporized at
100 ◦ C and converted to steam at 100 ◦ C?
A. 12,100 J/K
B. 6,050 J/K
C. 22,600 J/K
D. 45,100 J/K
37. Steampunk. What is the change in entropy of 1.00 kg of steam at 100. ◦ C when it is
converted to water at 50.0 ◦ C?
A. −6.05 × 103 J/K
B. −2.26 × 104 J/K
C. −6.03 × 102 J/K
D. −6.65 × 103 J/K
38. Prey Not. Which of the following processes produce(s) a decrease in entropy of a system?
I. Melting ice to form water
II. Condensing steam to form water
III. Free expansion of a gas
A. I and II
B. II and III
C. III only
D. II only
39. Oh My Gas! Initially, n moles of an ideal gas occupy a volume V . The gas then expands
isothermally to a volume rV , where r is the compression ratio. What is the change in
entropy of the gas?
A. rR ln n
B. R ln n/r
C. R ln r/n
D. nR ln r
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First Long Problem Set Second Semester, AY 2015–2016 Physics 73
40. Isothermal Vs. Adiabatic. An ideal gas occupying a volume V expands isothermally to
volume 2V . Another sample of the same ideal gas occupying the same volume V expands
adiabatically to volume 2V . Which of the following is true regarding the change in entropy
of the gas in the two processes?
A. ∆Sadiabatic > ∆Sisothermal .
B. ∆Sisothermal > ∆Sadiabatic .
C. Both processes will have the same nonzero change in entropy.
D. Both processes will have no change in entropy.
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