Form

AFFIRMATIVE: Usage
nt
We use the prese
S + HAVE + past
participle + com
plement PRESENT PER FECT perfect simple t
o talk
nts or
about recent eve
Ex.: I have stud
ied SIMPLE actions. Also, w
e use
it to cannect pa
st
English. ects
actions that aff
the present.

Form Form
NEGATIVE: INTERROGATIVE:
S + HAVE Revision
+ NOT + p HAV
E + S + past
participl ast
e + compl participle + compleme
ement nt + in the
? See page 108
Ex.: I ha
ve not st e nt Bo ok for more
Stud
English.
udied
Ex.: Have I studied ta il ed in formation.
de
English?
 Form
AFFIRMATIVE: Usage
nt
We use the prese
S + HAV E BEEN + verb -ing
+ complement PRESENT PERFECT: perfect continuo
us for
egan in
an action that b
Ex.: I have been studying CONTINUOUS the past that is
happening.
still

English.

Form Form
NEGATIVE: INTERROGATIVE:
S + HAVE
+ NOT + B
Revision
EEN +
 HAV
E + S + BEEN + v
erb -
v
erb -ing
+ complem ing + complement + ?
ent in the
See page 108
Ex.: I ha
ve not be Ex.: Have I been stud e nt Bo ok for more
en Stud
studying
English.
ying
ta il ed in formation.
English? de