Science 6_Quarter 4 – Module 1

Describe the Changes on the Earth’s Surface because of

Earthquakes and Volcanic Eruptions
Activity 1
Simulating an Earthquake

I. Problem: How do earthquakes occur?

II. What you need:
 10 pcs. of books sheet of paper (preferably long coupon bond) pencil small
cards eraser any small objects
III. What you need to do:
1. Make two piles of books each with five (5) pieces of books. Put a sheet of
paper on top of the piles. Put some objects on the paper like a pencil and
eraser or any small object. The book will serve as the layers of bedrock in the
Earth’s crust, and the sheet of paper will serve as the Earth’s surface.

2. Get the small cards and draw people, animals, houses, buildings,
and trees on each of them. Then, slightly fold each half. Put the
cards on top of the paper.

3. Slightly pull the third book from the first pile.

4. Pull the two books slightly away from the other books in the
second pile.
 5. Lift slightly the last book from the second pile.

IV. What have you found out:

1. What happened to the objects on the top of the paper when you slightly pulled the
third book from the first pile?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What happened to the paper as you pulled, slid, and lifted a book from the pile?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What will happen to the Earth’s surface when there are movements in the layers of
bedrock in the Earth’s crust?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. What usually happens when two blocks of the Earth suddenly slip past one another or
break apart from each other?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Activity 1.
Match the descriptions in column A with the items in column B.
Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
A
B
1. It is the energy released by the
earthquake from its focus. A.
earthquakes
2. It is an opening in the earth’s
crust where lava, pyroclasts, and
gases are ejected onto the surface
during eruptions. B.
volcanic earthquakes
3. It is a measure of how much
damage earthquakes cause on
the surface. C.
magnitude
4. It occurs when two plates move
apart from each other. D.
epicenter
5. It is a huge wave produced
when an earthquake occurs
under the sea. E.
intensity
6. These are the areas where two
plates meet. F.
divergent plate boundaries
7. It is the rumbling, shaking, or
rolling of the Earth’s surface. G.
tsunami
8. The magma is less viscous and
gases can escape readily from it. H.
volcano
9. It is the ground above the
focus. I.
quiet non-explosive eruption
10. It occurs in areas that are
associated with volcanic
activities. J.
convergent plate boundaries
K.
plate boundaries
 Activity 2.
Write TRUE if the statement is correct or FALSE if it is not. Use a separate sheet of paper to
write your answers.

_____1. Earthquakes usually happen when two blocks of the Earth suddenly slip
past one another or break apart from each other because of tension caused by the prolonged
energy build-up.

_____2. The movements of plates help geologists explain different geological

events like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and the formation of oceans and continents.

_____3. Tectonic earthquake occurs in areas that are associated with volcanic
activities.

_____4. A volcanic eruption begins when pressure on the magma chamber forces magma up
through the conduit and out the volcano’s vents.

_____5. The focus is the break in the ground caused by the pressure of the moving rocks.

_____6. The amount of gases dissolved in the magma, its composition and
viscosity, are the factors that determine whether an eruption is violent or
quiet.

_____7. The destruction caused by an earthquake depends on its magnitude and extent of
shaking.

_____8. Fires can happen during an earthquake when electrical power and gas lines break.
_____9. Divergent plate boundaries occur when tectonic plates collide and move toward each
other.

_____10. During explosive eruption, the lava ejected is torn into shreds, forming
pieces of pyroclastic materials called tephra.

Activity 3.
Unscramble the letters to find the hidden words. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
A B
1. AKEQUTHEAR It is the rumbling, shaking, or rolling
of the Earth’s surface.

2. TEPLA RIESABOUND These are the areas where two

plates meet.

3. FORMTRASN TEPLA It is a type of boundary that occurs

when two lithospheric plates slide
past each other along
transform faults.

4. ANOVOLC It is an opening in the earth’s crust

where lava, pyroclasts, and gases
are ejected onto the surface during
eruption.

5. NICCAVOL TIONPURE It begins when pressure on the

magma chamber forces magma up
through the conduit and out of the
volcano’s vents.

6. GENTVERCON DARIESBOUND It occurs when two plates collide

and move toward each other.

7. NICCAVOL QUAKEEARTH It occurs in areas that are

associated with volcanic activities.

8. PLOSIVEEX TIONERUP The lava ejected is torn into shreds,

forming pieces of pyroclastic
materials called tephra.

9. TUDENIMAG It is the energy released by the

earthquake from its focus.

10. TERRICH LESCA It is used to measure the magnitude

of an earthquake.