Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

2nd Quarter, 1st Semester

FINAL EXAMINATION
2nd Quarter

Name: _____________________________ Section: ___________________ Score: _________

Instruction: Read the statement carefully. Encircle the letter of your choice.

1. Which of the following is the first photosynthetic organism to form?

a. Algae c. Fungi
b. Cyanobacteria d. Gymnosperm

2. How did Miller and Urey verify the primordial soup theory?
a. In their experiment, they used a mixture of pure, dry amino acids and subjected the mixture to heat to form proteinoid
microspheres.
b. In their experiment, they used a nucleic acid genome to transmit the genetic information and a lipid sac to let itself grow
and divide.
c. They validated the theory by using chemicals from the atmosphere and energy from lightning to form amino acids.
d. They confined methane, ammonia, water, and hydrogen in a closed system and applied continuous electrical sparks.

3. How does living organisms still evolving today considering the present condition of the environment?
a. Humans are continuously changing the environment that triggers evolution among living organisms to die.
b. Evolution is a natural phenomenon which we cannot stop from happening.
c. There is no condition outside their bodies that will trigger evolution.
d. There is no existing scientific evidence about the evolution of life.

4. What is the difference between adaptation and evolution?

a. Adaptation is an inherited trait that helps the organism to survive and reproduce in its environment while evolution is a
process of change from generation to generation.
b. Adaptation is a process of change from generation to generation while evolution is an inherited trait that helps the
organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.
c. Adaptation is the process of inheriting the traits of parents while evolution is the process of changing the function of each
part.
d. Adaptation and evolution are the same.

5. When did the early forms of life exist?

a. 1.5 billion years ago c. 3.5 billion years ago
b. 2.5 billion years ago d. 4.5 billion years ago

6. Which statement is correct about the interaction of an organism to its physical environment?
a. A plant takes up water and minerals from the soil through its roots, and its roots help form soil by breaking up rocks.
b. A human body consists of trillions of microscopic cells, such as muscle cells and nerve cells.
c. The hummingbird utilizes sugar from nectars to power its flight.
d. The webbed foot of a duck which helps the duck swim.

7. Which of the following is the best example of the acquisition and use of energy?
a. A plant takes up water and minerals from the soil through its roots, and its roots help form soil by breaking up rocks.
b. A human body consists of trillions of microscopic cells, such as muscle cells and nerve cells.
c. The hummingbird utilizes sugar from nectars to power its flight.
d. The webbed foot of a duck which helps the duck swim.

8. Some members of a species have a genetic change that causes them to survive in their environment. They have survived to
reproduce and pass these genetic changes to their offspring. What best explains this situation?
a. All living organisms are made up of cells.
b. Living things evolve through time.
c. Living things interact with their environment to survive.
d. Different organisms must maintain different internal conditions.

9. Which of the following sequences is likely to be observed in an elephant, going from smallest to largest?
a. cell, organ, tissue, organism c. cell, tissue, system, organism
b. cell, organ, system, tissue d. organism, system, organ, tissue

10. What statement would you select to distinguish eukaryotic cell from prokaryotic cell?
a. Eukaryotic cells lack organelles, while the prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles and nucleus.
b. Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles and nucleus, while prokaryotic cells lack organelles.
c. Eukaryotic cells are much simpler and generally smaller than prokaryotic cells.
d. Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells have the same internal membranes.

11. This type of asexual reproduction happens if an outgrowth develops from the parent and eventually grows into a new separate
individual.
a. Budding c. Parthenogenesis
b. Fragmentation d. Multiple Fission

12. While walking at your favorite beach, you have noticed an organism. From time to time, one of its appendages detach and
gradually grow into a whole new organism, like the first. Your observation is an example of __________.
a. fission c. fragmentation
 b. budding d. internal fertilization

13. What advantage would animals that reproduce sexually have over animals that reproduce asexually when there is a change in
environmental conditions?
a. It restricts the spread of harmful features. c. It produces offspring that are identical to parents.
b. It decreases the species variation. d. It allows species to adapt to new conditions.

14. Which reproduction requires a mate?

a. asexual reproduction c. sexual reproduction
b. animal reproduction d. homosexuals

15. Most mammals reproduce the same way except for monotremes (echidnas and platypus). What does this phenomenon
mean?
a. Monotremes give birth to young. c. Monotremes lay eggs.
b. Monotremes reproduce asexually d. Monotremes fertilize eggs externally.

16. In creating a genetically modified organism, what are the steps to follow?
I. Target DNA and plasmid are isolated from their sources.
II. In transformation, the recombinant plasmid is inserted back to the bacterium.
III. Transformed bacteria are normally selected by using Xgal.
IV. Recombinant plasmid and foreign DNA are combined by DNA ligase.
a. I, II, III, IV c. I, IV, II, III
b. II, III, IV, I d. II, IV, I, III

17. A scientist cloned a goat. Which of these is a true statement about the cloned goat?
a. It has new genes and traits. c. It looks the same but has different genes.
b. It lacks the genes for reproduction. d. It has the genes that are identical to the original goat.

18. The ability to recombine genetic material from different organisms, resulting in the production of a genetically modified
organism, is possible for which of the following reasons?
a. The basic chemical structure of the genetic material of all organisms is highly variable.
b. The basic chemical structure of the genetic material of all organisms is the same.
c. DNA vectors are readily taken up by all organisms.
d. All organisms are capable of reproduction.

For numbers 19-20, refer to the following choices below.

a. Statement I is correct c. Statement I and II are both correct.
b. Statement II is correct. d. Statement I and II are both incorrect.

19. _________ I - Since ancient times the practice of genetic engineering had begun.
II - Artificial selection is done to indirectly manipulate genes focusing on the physical traits among organisms.

20. _________ I – Vectors help in recombinant DNA technology by carrying and integrating the desired gene usually plasmids
and bacteriophage.
II - Host organisms are used to propagate the recombinant DNA.

21. What could be the best application of using DNA technology to help environmental scientists?
a. Use PCR to analyze DNA at a crime scene.
b. Create a tobacco plant that glows in the dark.
c. Clone the gene for human growth hormone to treat pituitary dwarfism.
d. Make transgenic bacteria that can be used to clean up oil spills more quickly.

22. Read the statements below and determine whether the statements are correct.
I. Genetically modified plants have created resistance to harmful agents, enhanced product yield, and shown
increased adaptability for better survival.
II. Recombinant DNA technology has applications in various areas like medicine, focusing on the discoveries of
medicine to cure and improve human health and nutrition.
a. Statement I is correct c. Statement I and II are both correct.
b. Statement II is correct. d. Statement I and II are both incorrect.

23. Which of the following is a benefit of using genetically modified organisms?

a. Genetic engineering in food involves the alteration of genes in crops which may have adverse health effects to
consumers.
b. While increasing the immunity to diseases in plants, the resistance genes may get transferred to the harmful pathogens.
c. Genetic engineering can hamper the diversity in organisms.
d. The genetic modification of food can be used to increase their medicinal value, thus making edible vaccines available.

24. Which of the following that best describes the use of biotechnology in the field of agriculture?
a. Bacteria are created to clean up oil spills.
b. DNA evidence is used to convict criminals.
c. Vaccines are developed to help us live longer.
d. Fruits and vegetables are altered to be more nutritious and insect resistance.

25. Which of the following is an ethical concern related to genetically engineered?

I. Increased socioeconomic problems
II. Torture of animals to reach this end
III. Potential human genetic homogeneity, leading to an increased chance of the species being wiped out
a. I and II only c. III only
b. II only d. I, II, and II

26. Its function is to collect water and filter body fluids, to remove and concentrate waste products from body fluids.
 a. Circulatory system c. Excretory system
b. Digestive system d. Nervous system

27. The largest human body organ which regulates temperature and serves as a barrier against harmful microorganisms belongs
to the __________________.
a. Digestive System c. Integumentary System
b. Excretory System d. Nervous System

28. The table below shows the symptoms of some diseases that are caused by bacteria.
Which two diseases listed in the table below has an effect to the digestive system?

a. Botulism and Typhoid fever c. Botulism and Pneumonia

b. Tetanus and Pneumonia d. Tetanus and Typhoid Fever

29. If you are going to create a flow chart of how food and nutrients enters the body, what would be the possible flow?
a. Mouth EsophagusTeeth &Tongue  Stomach Large Intestine Small Intestine Anus
b. Mouth Teeth & Tongue Stomach Esophagus Small Intestine Large Intestine Anus
c. Mouth Teeth & Tongue Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Anus
d. Mouth Esophagus Stomach Teeth & Tongue Large Intestine Small Intestine Anus

30. Which body system is responsible for taking in oxygen and getting rid of carbon dioxide?
a. Circulatory System c. Excretory System
b. Digestive System d. Integumentary System

31. When a person’s body needs nutrition, the brain helps maintain homeostasis by sending signals that make the person
________.
a. feels hungry c. put on a sweater
b. perspire d. feels tired

32. Ovaries produce and secrete hormones in addition to eggs. To what human body systems to ovaries belong?
a. endocrine and reproductive c. integumentary and reproductive
b. excretory and muscular d. nervous and digestive

33. Animals need to sense and respond to environment to survive. They need to sense the temperature, acidity, food, or the
danger in the environment they live in. How would you as a human being respond?
a. through a nerve cord with ganglion for each body segment and/or a large ganglion.
b. through a radial nerve running the length of each arm and connected to a nerve ring around its mouth area.
c. through the central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord and peripheral nervous system consists of
all nerves outside CNS.
d. through the response from segmental ganglia to the ventral nerve cord transmitted through senses and connected to the
central part of the brain.

34. Which is the correct order of the biological organization from smallest to largest?
a. Cell Organ Tissue System c. Cell System Tissue Organ
b. Cell Tissue Organ System d. Cell Tissue System Organ

35. What can you infer about the carbon dioxide from the function of the respiratory system?
a. It helps you breathe. c. It is harmful to your body.
b. It is more common than oxygen. d. It is not found in the body.

36. Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale pink to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat
pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two), and plants experiencing severe
herbivory were more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant prefer also pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink
flowers have greater relative fruit set (reproductive success) than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the
percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. If the researcher removes all
slugs from the study population, what would you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over
time?
a. The distribution of flower colors should not change.
b. The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.
c. The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.
d. The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.

37. Which of these evolutionary agents is most consistent at causing populations to become better suited to their environments
over the course of generations?
a. Gene drift c. Mutation
b. Gene flow d. Natural Selection

38. According to Charles Darwin, “It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but the one most
responsive to change.” What is the best application of this statement?
a. Smaller organisms will survive in a longest period of time.
b. Intelligent and stronger organism are likely to survive more.
c. Stronger organisms survive better than intelligent organisms.
d. Organisms with favorable traits and can adapt in their environment can improve and increase their chance of survival.
 39. In the present days, a lot of animals undergo extinction due to some conditions like failure to adapt to the environment and
habitat destruction. How can we help to reduce extinction of animals?
a. Protect wildlife habitat and educate people. c. Adopt an endangered animal without legal actions on it.
b. Appreciate animal rights and eat exotic foods. d. Catch animals and sell them on a lower price.

40. Which phrase BEST defines evolution by natural selection?

a. Changes during a species because it becomes more perfect.
b. A sudden replacement of one population by another.
c. An adaptation of a species to its environment.
d. A process of change in species over time.

41. The science of biological classification is used to __________.

a. predict an organism’s future evolution. c. show relationships among organisms.
b. decide when an organism died. d. decipher an organism’s DNA.

42. If you are a biologist and found an insect and compare it to different known insect and it doesn’t resemble to anything, you
can conclude that it ________________.
a. may be a new species
b. may be an undescribed life history stage of an already known species
c. may be a member of the other gender of a known species
d. all of the above

43. Aedes aegypti is the scientific name of a certain species of a mosquito known to carry dengue virus. The term Aedes
represents the mosquitos’ __________.
a. Genus c. Order
b. Kingdom d. Species

44. Given the data below, what would be the possible scientific name of a horse as based on how you used the system of naming
of organisms proposed by Carolus Linnaeus.
Levels of Classification of a Horse
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Order Perissodactyla
Family Equidae
Genus Equus
Species caballus
a. Perissodactyla Equus c. Equus caballus
b. Equus Equidae d. Equus mammalia

45. Which of the following definitions cover a greater number of organisms?

a. Genus c. Order
b. Kingdom d. Species

46. Which of the following statements about biotic potential is TRUE?

a. Biotic potential varies a great deal by species. c. The biotic potential of a large mammal is high.
b. Biotic potential is only reached when food is limited. d. The biotic potential of insects tends to be low.

47. Which of the following is a density-dependent factor?

a. fire c. flashfloods
b. typhoons d. predation

48. Which of the following refers to the maximum number of organisms of a given species that can be supported by a particular
area?
a. Population growth c. Ecosystem
b. Population size d. Carrying capacity
c.
49. What is the relationship between biotic potential and environmental resistance?
a. Biotic potential and environmental resistance increase the population size of a species.
b. Biotic potential increases the population size of a species while environmental resistance limits the population growth.
c. Biotic potential limits the population size of a species while environmental resistance increases the population growth.
d. Biotic potential and environmental resistance limits the population size of a species.

50. It refers to the maximum capacity of an ecosystem to sustain a population of organisms without deteriorating.
a. biological capacity c. environmental potential
b. biotic potential d. carrying capacity

Prepared by: Noted by: Approved by:

Subject Teacher Head Teacher I School Principal I

ANSWER KEY:
1. B
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. C
13. D
14. C
15. C
16. C
17. D
18. B
19. C
20. C
21. D
22. C
23. A
24. D
25. D
26. C
27. C
28. A
29. C
30. A
31. A
32. A
33. C
34. B
35. C
36. C
37. D
38. D
39. A
40. C
41. C
42. D
43. A
44. C
45. B
46. A
47. D
48. D
49. A
50. D