CONTENTS

UNIT I
 Bureau of Corrections (BuCor)
UNIT II
 Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)

OUTCOMES

LO3. Appraise the legal aspect of the institutional agencies in the

Philippine Correctional System.

LO4. Identify the structures, management, programs, and services of

the correctional facility in Bureau of Correction, Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology.

OBJECTIVES
1. The student will be able to outline the Structure of the correctional
agencies in Philippines.
2. The student will be able to discuss the Function of deferent officers in
the correctional institution.
3. The Learner will able to compare and contrast the Bureau of
Corrections and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology.
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

Course Direct Instruction:

Corrections have become a challenging and daunting task simply
because it has been placed in a difficult bind. When we say daunting it
means troublesome or a frightful task. Why challenging and daunting?
Simply because the court and the law enforcement pillars have assign the
corrections pillars the job of rehabilitating inmates. Not only corrections
has been tasked to keep the public safe from criminals, it has also been
mandated to provide programs and activities which would help the
inmates absorb and conform to the norms of the society.
Corrections are a great balancing act. It has to satisfy a wide range
of clientele- the law enforcers, who want to see the criminals behind bars;
the victim, whose cries of retribution and restitution must be heard; the
human rights community, who will raise howls and clench fists to high
heavens the moment it perceives that the inmates are being punished
more than they deserve; the public who demands that every single
centavo of their taxes is spent wisely and effectively; that media people,
who are always on the lookout for news that will increase circulation; and
the religious people, who are looking after the spiritual needs of the
inmates.
The correctional process has already undergone important changes
over the years. These changes have been due to rapid growth in prison
populations, concerns for public safety and the need to reduce the
incarceration costs. Despite the luck of trust in the rehabilitation ideal,
correctional facilities continue to flourish, although in the forms that are
very different from the past.

It has a twofold mission: first, is

BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS maximizing the assets value of the BuCor to
effectively pursue its responsibility in safely
The Bureau of Corrections (BuCor)
was formerly known as “Bureau of Prisons”. securing and transforming national
Bureau of Prison was established on prisoners through responsive rehabilitation
November 1, 1905 under the Department of programs managed by professional
Public Instruction through Reorganization correctional officers, and second, mandating
Act 1407 of the Philippine Commission until the principal task of rehabilitating national
it was transferred to the Department of prisoners.
Justice (DOJ). Corrections focus on the
Under the Administrative Code of rehabilitation and regards person deprived
1987, Proclamation No. 495, the President of of liberty as patients who need treatment
the Philippines changes the name of the and guidance in order to become productive
Bureau of Prison to Bureau of Correction. and responsible members of society upon
BuCor is an agency under the Department of their release.
Justice, headed by Director of Prisons that is It is a mandate to the Bureau of
charge with the custody and rehabilitation Correction, the safekeeping and instituting
of the national prisoners, or those sentenced reformation programs to national inmates
to serve a term of imprisonment of more sentenced to more than three years (Section
than three years. 4, R. A. 10575).

2 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections

 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

a. Safekeeping of national inmates and Safekeeping (DSS), supported by

shall include decent provision of Directorate for Intelligence and
quarters, food, water and clothing in Investigation (DII), and Directorate for Plans
compliance with established United and Program (DPP).
Nations standards. The security of
the inmates shall be undertaken by c. Reformation of national inmates.
the Custodial Force consisting of The circumferential reformation
Corrections Officers. programs which will be
b. Security of national inmates The institutionalized by BuCor for the
complementary component of inmates shall be comprised of the
safekeeping in custodial function is following: shall be undertaken by
security which ensures that inmates the professional reformation
are completely incapacitated from personnel consisting of corrections
further committing criminal acts, technical officers.
and have been totally cut off from  Moral and spiritual
their criminal networks (or contacts program
in the free society) while serving  Education and training
sentence inside the premises of the program
national penitentiary. Security also  Work and livelihood
includes protection against illegal program
organized armed groups which  Sports and recreation
have the capacity of launching an program
attack on any prison camp of the  Health and welfare
national penitentiary to rescue their program
convicted comrade or to forcibly  Behavior modification
amass firearms issued to corrections program
officers. The security of the inmates .
shall be undertaken by the The reformation programs shall be
Custodial Force consisting of undertaken by Professional Reformation
Corrections Officers with a ranking Personnel who are duly assisted by
system and salary grades similar to personnel on other professional lines of
its counterpart in the BJMP. The expertise consisting of Corrections Technical
circumferential security activities to Officers with ranking system and salary
be undertaken are: grades similar to Corrections Officers.
 Proper custody;
 Implementation of prison laws Seven (7) Correctional Institutions
and regulations, to include At present, there are seven (7)
prevention of prison violence prison facilities in the Philippines
and crimes; and supervised and controlled by the Bureau of
 Efficient Recovery of fugitives. Corrections and each correctional facility is
headed by a Superintendent.
The core security objectives of such
All prison institutions have their
activities are a) to completely incapacitate
own Diagnostic and Reception Center
inmates from further committing criminal
(RDC) which receives, studies and classifies
acts, and b) have them totally cut-off from
inmates committed to BuCor, Classification
their criminal networks (or contacts in the
Board, Rehabilitation and Vocational
free society) while serving sentence at
Training Programmers, Inmates Complaints,
BuCor, to ultimately protect the society
Information and Assistance Center (ICAIC),
against crime as provided for in Rule 58 of
Inmate council and Board Discipline.
UNSMRTP.
New Bilibid Prison (Muntinlupa City)
The conduct of these activities shall be
The first known penal facility was Old
undertaken by the Directorate for Security
Bilibid Prison before the New Bilibid Prison.

3 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections

 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections
It was then known as Carcel y Presidio
Correctional (Correctional Jail and Military
Prison) occupied a rectangular piece of the
land in the heart of Manila. The old prison
was established by the Spanish colonial
government on June 25, 1865 via royal
decree. It was divided into two sections; the
carcel (jail) which accommodate female
inmates; and presidio (prison) which hold
male prisoners.
The increasing numbers of committals
to the Old Bilibid Prison, the growing
urbanization of Manila and the constant
lobbying by conservative groups prompted
the government to plan and develop a new
site for the national penitentiary which was
to be on the outskirts of the urban center.
Accordingly, Commonwealth Act No. 67
was enacted, appropriating one (1) million
pesos for the construction of a new national
prison in the southern suburb of
Muntinlupa, Rizal in 1935.
The old prison was transformed into a
receiving center and a storage facility for
farm produce from the colonies and later
became the Manila City Jail.
On November 15, 1940, all inmates of
the Old Bilibid Prison were transferred to
the new site with its capacity of 3000
prisoners and it was officially named the
New Bilibid Prison (NBP) on January 22,
1941.
The New Bilibid Prison is the main
insular penitentiary designed to house the
prison population of the Philippines. The
camp houses not only death convicts and
inmates sentenced to life term, but also
those with numerous pending cases,
multiple convictions, and sentences of more
than 20 years.
The NBP expanded with the
construction of new security facilities. These
were the Medium Security Camp known as
“Camp Sampaguita”, which was used as a
military stockade during the martial law
and the Minimum Security Camp, whose
first site was christened as “Bukang
Liwayway”.
Correctional Institute for Women (CIW)
(Mandaluyong City)
Correctional Institute for Women is
the country’s first and penal institution
4 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections
dedicated to women offenders. It is one of
the 7 operating units under the Bureau of
Correction. It was founded on November 27,
1929 by virtue of Act No. 3579 as the first
and only prison for women in the
Philippines.
It is located in Mandaluyong, Metro
Manila. The prison first opened on a 18-
hectare property on February 14, 1931.
Previously women were held at the Old
Bilibid Prison. When the Philippines had
death penalty, female inmates condemned
to death were held at CIW.
The Correctional Institution for
Women has three different camps namely
the Maximum Security Compound which
consists of the Old and New Building, the
Medium Security Camp and Minimum
Security Camp.
Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm
Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm
located in Puerto Prinsesa City, Palawan is
one of the most popular prison in the
Philippines and is one of the world’s largest
open-air jails. Instead of concrete walls, the
prison is surrounded by a wire fence. A
single guard at the entrance gate greets
tourists and criminals’ relatives without
inspecting them. It is known throughout the
country as “prison without walls”.
Unlike most prisons and other penal
institutions, Iwahig’s minimum security
prisoners are not locked up behind bars.
Only those classified as either medium or
maximum security prisoners are subjected
to tight monitoring.
Iwahig’s minimum security
prisoners engage in agricultural work and
live in dormitories. If permitted by the
Bureau of Corrections, some of the inmates
are allowed to live with their families and
can also work at Iwahig’s vast land.
This facility was established during
the American occupation. It was however,
during the Spanish regime that Puerto
Princesa was designated as a place where
offenders sentenced to banishment were
exiled. A specific area of Puerto Princesa
was selected as the site for a correctional
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections
facility. The American military carved out a
prison facility in the rain forest of Puerto
Princesa. The institution had for its first
Superintendent Lt. George Wolfe, a
member of the U.S. expeditionary force, who
later became the first prisons director.
Governor Luke Wright authorized the
establishment of a penal colony in the
province of Palawan on November 16, 1904.
This penal settlement, which originally
comprised an area of 22 acres, originally
served as a depository for prisoners who
could not be accommodated at the Bilibid
Prison in Manila. In 1906, however, the
Department of Commerce and Police (which
later became the Department of Public
Instruction) moved to turn the institution
into the center of a penal colony
supervised in accordance with trends at the
time. Through the department’s efforts, the
Philippine Commission of the United States
government passed Act No. 1723 in 1907
classifying the settlement as a penal
institution.
The settlement was at first beset by
attempted escapes. But under the
supervision of Col. John R. White of the
Philippine Constabulary, who would
become superintendent of Iwahig in 1906,
the colony became a successful settlement.
A merit system was devised for the
prisoners and vocational activities were
offered. These included farming, fishing,
forestry, carpentry, and hospital
paramedical work. Prisoners could choose
the vocational activities they wanted.
In 1955, Administrative Order No. 20
was promulgated by the President and
implemented by the Secretary of Justice and
the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural
Resources. This order allowed the
distribution of colony lands
for cultivation by deserving colonists. The
order also contained a list of qualifications
for colonists who wished to apply for a lot to
cultivate, the conditions for the settler’s stay
in his land, loan requirements and
marketing of the settlers’ produce. Lots
granted did not exceed six hectares.
On August 16, 1959, a committee
was created by President Carlos P. Garcia to
study the state of national prisons.
Accordingly, prisoners in Iwahig were
5 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections
divided into two groups: the settlers and
colonists. The settlers are those engaged in
farming for their own benefit; they are the
ones whose applications for land to cultivate
have been approved. The government
furnishes the land and initial requirements
for tools, dwellings and beast of burden.
They are required to reimburse expenditures
incurred for their maintenance and that of
their families out of the products of their
farms. Upon their release from the colony,
they receive whatever amount of money
they have credited in their favor, after
deducting the obligations they have.
Davao Penal Colony
The Davao Penal Colony is the first
and one of the oldest and most recognized
penal colonies in the Philippines, located in
Santo Tomas, Davao del Norte, the penal
colony is sprawled at the vast Tadeco
Banana Plantation.
The settlement, which originally
had an area of approximately 30,000
hectares in the districts of Panabo and
Tagum, Davao del Norte, was formally
established on January 21, 1932 by virtue of
Act No. 3732. This Act authorized the
Governor-General to lease or sell the lands,
buildings and improvements in San Ramon
Prison and Iwahig Penal Colony. It also
granted authority to the Secretary of Justice
to establish a new prison and penal colony
in a suitable public land. A budget of P500,
000 was allocated. Several committees were
created to pick a suitable site for the enal
settlement. In accordance with the
recommendation of these committees,
Governor Dwight Davis signed
Proclamation No. 414 on October 7, 1931,
which reserved a site for the penal colony in
Davao province in Mindandao. The site
offered ideal conditions for agricultural
activities.
During World War II, the colony
was converted into a concentration camp
where more than 1,000 Japanese internees
were committed by the Philippine-American
Armed Forces. The Japanese were treated in
accordance with the orders of the American
commanding officer.
On December 20, 1941, the Japanese
Imperial Forces attacked Davao and the
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections
colony was among the establishments taken
over by the invading army. The entire
settlement was thrown into confusion and a
great number of prisoners escaped. Normal
operations were inevitably disturbed.
November 8, 1942, a representative of the
Director of Prisons transferred the colony
and its properties to the Japanese
authorities. The remaining colony
employees, their families and the inmates
evacuated to Iwahig where they organized
the Davao Penal Colony at Inagawan sub
colony (Palawan). The organization of the
colony in exile was authorized by virtue of
Memorandum Order No. 60 dated June 28,
1943 and signed by the Director of Prisons.
After the liberation of the Philippines,
the colony-in-exile in Palawan returned to
its old site in Davao. A great deal of
rebuilding and repair had to be done
because the war had almost completely
destroyed the colony.
Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm
Nearer to Manila than other penal
colonies, the Sablayan Penal Colony is
located in Occidental Mindoro and
relatively new. Established on September
26, 1954 by virtue of Presidential
Proclamation No. 72, the penal colony has a
total land area of approximately 16,190
hectares. Prison records show that the first
colonists and employees arrived in Sablayan
on January 15, 1955.
Three sub-colonies were later
organized. One is a reservation which this
day remains part of a protected rainforest.
Another is in a coastal area. The third was
used by the national government as a
relocation site for refugees from the eruption
of Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991.
Sablayan prison is a facility where
prisoners from NBP are brought for
decongestion purposes. It follows the same
colony standards as other penal farms.
San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
previously known San Ramon Penal Colony
is considered by the correctional experts as
the second oldest penitentiary in the country
but the closure of the Old Bilibid Prison in
6 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections
1940 made by San Ramon as the oldest
existing penitentiary today.
According to historical accounts, the
San Ramon Prison was established in
southern Zamboanga on August 21,1870
through a royal decree promulgated in
1869. Established during the tenure of
Governor General Ramon Blanco (whose
patron saint the prison was named after),
the facility was originally established for
persons convicted of political crimes.
Considered the oldest penal facility in the
country, prisoners in San Ramon were
required to do agricultural work.
During the Spanish-American War
in 1898, the prisoners in San Ramon were
hastily released and the buildings
destroyed. In 1907, the American
administration re-established the prison
farm. In 1912, Gen. John Pershing, chief
executive of the Department of Mindanao
and Sulu, classified the institution as a
prison and penal colony and therein
confined people sentenced by the courts
under his jurisdiction. Under Pershing’s
supervision, several buildings with a
capacity for 600 prisoners were constructed.
After several years, the colony became
practically self-supporting, with 75,000
coconut trees, which were planted at
the beginning of Pershing’s administration,
contributing to the colony’s self-sufficiency.
Aside from coconuts, rice, corn, papaya and
other crops were also cultivated.
Leyte Regional Prison
The Leyte Regional Prison, situated
in Abuyog, Leyte, was established a year
after the declaration of martial law in 1972
by virtue of Presidential Decree No. 28.
While its plantilla and institutional plan
were almost ideal, lack of funds made the
prison unable to realize its full potential and
its facilities are often below par compared
with those of other established penal farms.
The LRP has an inmate capacity of
500. It follows the same agricultural format
as the main correctional program in addition
to some rehabilitation activities. The prison
admits convicted offenders from Region VI
and from the national penitentiary in
Muntinlupa.
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections
Organizations and Key Positions of the
Bureau of Corrections (Section 9, R.A.
10575)
The BuCor shall be headed by a
Director who shall be assisted by three (3)
Deputy Directors; one (1) for
administration, one (1) for security and
operations and one (1) for reformation, all of
whom shall be appointed by the President
upon the recommendation of the Secretary
of DOJ.
a) The Head of the BuCor, with the
rank of Undersecretary, shall have
the position and title of Director
General of Corrections.
b) The second officers in command of
the BuCor with the rank of Assistant
Secretary shall have the position
and title of Deputy Directors of
Corrections.
c) The third officer in command of the
BuCor with the rank of Chief
Superintendent shall have the
position and title of Corrections
Chief Superintendent.
d) The fourth officer in command of
the BuCor with the rank of Senior
Superintendent shall have the
position and title of Corrections
Senior Superintendent.
e) The fifth officer in command of the
BuCor with the rank
Superintendent shall have the
position and title of Corrections
Superintendent.
Rank Insignias and Unit Patches
COMMISSIONED OFFICER
7 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER
In the increase of personnel-inmate
ratio and manpower, the BuCor shall
maintain the custodial personnel-to -inmate
ratio of 1:7 and reformation personnel-to-
inmate ratio of 1:24. Thus, it is authorize to
increase its manpower to meet such ratio
and may continue to increase personnel per
percentage rate increase of committed
inmates annually or as the need arises.
Appointment of Personnel to the
Bureau of Corrections
The appointment of the BuCor shall
be effected in the following manner;
of
a) Corrections Officer I to Corrections
Chief Superintendent – appointed
by the Director General of
Corrections, and attested by the
Civil Service Commission (CSC);
b) Director General of Corrections to
Deputy Director of Corrections –
appointed by the President upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of
the DOJ, with the proper
endorsement by the Chairman of
the Civil Service Commission.
Qualification Standards in the
Appointment of the Bureau of Correction
Personnel (Section 11 (a), R.A. 10575)
a) A citizen of the Republic of the
Philippines
b) A person of good moral character
c) Must have passed
psychiatric/psychological, drug and
physical test for the purpose of
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections
determining his/her physical and
mental health;
d) Must possess a baccalaureate degree
from a recognized learning
institution;
e) Must possess the appropriate civil
service eligibility;
f) Must not have been dishonorably
discharged or dismissed for cause
from previous employment;
g) Must not have been convicted by
final judgement of an offense or
crime involving moral turpitude;
and
h) For Males - must be at least one
meter and sixty-two meters (1.62 m)
in height
For Females - must be at least one
meter and fifty-seven meters (1.57
m) in height.
Provided, that a waiver for height
and age requirement/s may be granted to
applicants belonging to the cultural
communities. Provided, further, that the
new applicant must not be less than twenty-
one (21) or more than forty (40) years of age.
Lateral Entry of Officer into the Bureau of
Corrections (Section 13, R.A. 10575)
In general, all appointments of
officers in the Bureau of Corrections shall
commence with the rank of Corrections
Inspector wherein applicants for lateral
entry into the BuCor shall include all those
with highly specialized and technical
qualifications such as, but not limited to,
civil engineers, electrical engineers, chemical
engineers, chemists, architects,
criminologists, certified public accountant,
nurses, physical therapists, dentists, social
workers, psychologists, sociologists,
guidance counsellors and teachers. Doctors
of Medicine. Members of the Philippine Bar
and chaplains shall be appointed to the rank
of Corrections Senior Inspector in their
particular technical service.
Modes of Lateral Entry
a. Lateral Entry from the Outside –
any qualified individual who
possesses highly specialized and
technical qualification standards for
8 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections
Lateral Entry may be appointed as
Corrections Inspector/Corrections
Technical Inspector or Corrections
Senior Inspector/Corrections
Technical Senior Inspector, as the
case may be.
b. Lateral Entry from Within –
- Lateral Entry for Custodial
Officers – Any qualified Non-
Commissioned Officers (NCO)
of BuCor who is a graduate of
Corrections Officers Candidate
School, Bachelor of Science in
Corrections Service,
Criminology, and related
professional courses, needed by
the institution for Lateral Entry
may be appointed as
Corrections Inspector or Senior
Inspector, as the case may be.
- Lateral Entry for Technical
Officers - Any qualified Non-
Commissioned Officers (NCO)
of BuCor who is graduate of
Corrections Officers Candidate
School, or who possesses highly
specialized and technical
qualifications needed by the
institution for Lateral Entry may
be appointed as Corrections
Technical Inspector or
Corrections Technical Senior
Inspector, as the case may be.
- Use of SLL for Promotion –
BuCor shall formulate the
Seniority Lineal List for each of
professional line of expertise
(Custodial, Reformation,
Engineering, and Admin)
according to certain criteria, to
be used during the lateral entry.
Diagnostics Personnel of DRD
and ERD shall fall within the
reformation SLL. Any organic
personnel who aspire to avail of
lateral entry to different
professional line of expertise
shall be assigned the lowest
position in the Seniority Lineal
List.
Attrition System for the Personnel of the
BuCor (Section 16, R.A. 10575)
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

There shall be an established system CSOIV/

of sttri8tion for the personnel of the BuCor CTSOIV
within five (5) years from the effectivity of – until
this Act to be submitted by the said Bureau retirement
to the DOJ for approval. c. Attrition of Relief – any
a. Attrition by Demotion in personnel of BuCor who has
Position or Rank - any been relieved for just a cause
personnel of the BuCor who is and not have been given an
relieved and assigned to a assignment within two (2) years
position lower than what is after such relief shall be retired
established for the grade in the or separated.
respective staffing pattern of the d. Attrition by Attainment of
BuCor, and who shall not be Maximum Tenure in Positions
assigned to a position - the maximum tenure of
commensurate to one’s grade BuCor personnel holding key
within two (2) years after such positions is hereby prescribed as
demotion in position shall be follows;
separated or retired from the Division Chief
service. - 5 years
b. Attrition by Non-Promotion - Director (of Directorate)
any personnel of BuCor who - 6 years
has not been promoted for the Colony Superintendent below
period of ten (10) years shall be 5,000 inmates - 6
separated or retired from the years
service, except for those who are Colony Superintendent above
occupying a third level position. 5,000 inmates -
The Maximum Tenure in Rank until retirement
shall be observed for promotion Regional Superintendent below
and attrition; 5,000 inmates - 6 years
Regional Superintendent above
COI/CTOI CI/CTI
5,000 inmates - until
–
retirement
– 3 3 years
e. Attrition by other means – any
years CSI/CTSI
personnel of the BuCor with at
COII/CTOII –
least five (5) years of
4 years
accumulated active service shall
- 4 CCI/CTCI
be separated from the service
years –
based on any of the following
COIII/CTOIII 5 years
factors.
CS/CTS
1. Inefficiency based on poor
- 5 – 6
performance during last
years years
two (2) successive semestral
CSOI/CTSOI CSS/CTSS
rating periods.
– 7
2. Inefficiency based on poor
- 6 years
performance during last
years CCS
three (3) cumulative
CSOII/CTSOII – 5
semestral rating periods.
years
3. Physical and/or mental
– 7 CDD/
incapacity to perform one’s
years CTCS –
duties and functions or;
CSOIII/ until
4. Failure to complete the
CTSOIII retirement
required career courses
– 8
and/or appropriate civil
years

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 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

service eligibility for attained minimum

his/her position except for
justifiable cause or reasons.
5. Low potentiality, doubtful
integrity and/or acts
inconsistent with the best
interest of the service.
Promotion System for the Personnel of the
Bureau of Corrections (Section 17, R.A.
10575)
a. Rationalized Promotion System –
the rationalized promotion shall be
based on merit, seniority and on the
availability of the vacant ranks in
the BuCor Staffing pattern. Such
system shall be gender-fair so as to
ensure the women personnel of the
BuCor shall enjoy equal opportunity
for promotion as to men. Promotion
shall be patterned after the
uniformed service promotion
system wich enforces the maximum
tenure in rank.
b. Requirements for Promotion – any
personnel of the BuCor shall not be
eligible for promotion to a higher
rank unless one has merit the
minimum qualification standards or
the appropriate civil service
eligibility set by the CSC, and has
satisfactorily passed the required
psychiatric/psychological, drug and
physical test. Requirement for
promotion shall likewise
patterned after the uniformed
service promotion requirements
such as mandatory training and
mandatory assignments among
others.
c. Use of SLL for Promotion – BuCor
shall formulate the Seniority Lineal
List (SLL) for each professional line
of expertise (Custodial,
Reformation, Engineering and
Admin) according to certain criteria,
to be used during regular
promotion. Diagnostics personnel of
DRD and ERD shall fall within the
Reformation SLL.
d. Modes of Promotion
1. Regular Promotion – any
personnel of BuCor who has
qualifications for a rank which
shall include education,
experience, training and civil
service eligibility to include
physical characteristics and
personality traits required in the
performance of job, shall be
eligible for promotion to a
higher rank. He should
successfully pass the
corresponding promotional
examination, and the required
psychiatric /psychological drug
tests.
2. Special Promotion - any
personnel of the BuCor, who
has exhibited act of conspicuous
courage and gallantry at the risk
of his /her life above and
beyond the call of duty, shall be
promoted to the next higher
rank. Those selected as such in
nationwide search conducted by
any civic organization duly
accredited by DOJ and the CSC
shall be promoted to the next
higher rank.
e. One (1) year to Retirement – No
BuCor unformed personnel who has
less than one year of service before
reaching the compulsory retirement
age shall be promoted to a higher
rank or appointed to any other
be position.
Standardization of Salaries and Benefits
(Rule XVII, R.A. 10575)
a. Pay Schedule – the base pay,
allowances and other benefits of the
abovementioned personnel shall be in
accordance with existing compensation and
position classification laws and regulations.
The BuCor personnel’s base pay
corresponding for each salary grade shall be
equal to the base pay of the corresponding
rank of counterparts in BJMP, PNP, and
AFP.
For this purpose, the following
ranks of the BuCor uniformed personnel
shall have a salary schedule of the following
in accordance with Section 12 of R.A. 9263
upon the effectivity of this Act;

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Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

CORRECTIO SALAR CORRECTIO Corrections 27

NS Y NS Chief
CUSTODIAL GRADE TECHNICAL Superintende
RANKS OFFICER nt
RANKS Corrections 26 Corrections
Senior Technical
Superintende Senior
nt Superintende
nt
Corrections 25 Corrections
Superintende Technical
nt Superintende
nt
Corrections 24 Corrections
Chief Technical
Inspector Chief
Inspector
Corrections 23 Corrections
Senior Technical
Inspector Senior
Inspector
Corrections 22 Corrections
Inspector Technical
Inspector
Corrections 19 Corrections
Senior Officer Technical
IV Senior Officer
IV
Corrections 18 Corrections
Senior Officer Technical
III Senior Officer
III
Corrections 17 Corrections
Senior Officer Technical
II Senior Officer
II
Corrections 16 Corrections
Senior Officer Technical
I Senior Officer
I
Corrections 14 Corrections
Officer III Technical
Officer III
Corrections 12 Corrections
Officer II Technical
Officer II
Corrections 10 Corrections
Officer I Technical
Officer I

Bureau of Corrections personnel are also

entitled to;
11 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections
 Salary Increase
 Incentives and Awards
 benefit from a Health and Welfare
Program


Longevity Pay
Allowances (subsistence allowance,
quarter’s allowance, clothing
allowance, cost of living allowance,
hazard pay, laundry allowance, an
all other allowances)
 Retention of Existing Benefits
 Collateral Entitlements (e.g. Magna
Carta, Hazardous Duty Pay,
Radiation Hazard Pay, Combat Pay,
Specialist’s Pay).
 Benefits and Privileges
(Commutation of leave, educational
benefits, disability benefits, and
other benefits provided by law)
 Special Privileges ( benefits of
awardees, internment privileges,
officer commissionship, BuCor
personnel of the year and
acknowledgements)
Retirement and other Benefits (Section 20,
R. A. 10575)
Upon compulsory retirement, any
Custodial Officer and Technical Officer from
the rank of Corrections Chief
Superintendent and below shall be entitled
to retirement benefits computed on the basis
of one grade higher than the position last
held. Provided, that the retirement shall be
subject to adjustments based on the
prevailing scale of base pay of the
uniformed personnel in the active service.
Separation Pay (Section 20 (f), R.A. 10575)
Personnel who have accumulated
less than twenty (20) years of active service
and who voluntarily resign or otherwise fail
to comply with the standards of competence
and proficiency of BuCor, low potentiality,
doubtful integrity and/or acts inconsistent
with the best interest of the service, shall be
separated from the service through BuCor
Efficiency and Separation Board (ESB). He
shall be entitled to a separation pay
equivalent to one (1) month base and
longevity pay of the permanent grade he
holds every year of active service, upon the
12 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections
recommendation of ESB, subject to the
approval of Director General.
BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT
AND PENOLOGY
The Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology, was created pursuant to Section
60 of R.A. 6975, and initially consisting of
uniformed officers and members of the Jail
Management and Penology Service as
constituted under P.D. 765. It was created to
address the growing concern of jail
management and penology problems. Its
clients are detainees accused before a court
who are temporarily confined in such jails
while undergoing investigation, waiting for
final judgment, and those who are serving
sentence promulgated by the court 3 years
and below
Under the provisions of Republic
Act No. 6975, the Jail Bureau shall exercise
the supervision and control over all district,
city, municipal jails to ensure a “secured,
clean, sanitary and adequately equipped jail
for the custody and safekeeping of city and
municipal prisoners, any fugitive from
justice or persons detained awaiting
investigation or trial and/or transfer to the
National Penitentiary, and any violent,
mentally-ill person who endangers himself
or the safety of others.
The jail Bureau endeavours to
formulate, develop each administrational
operations; formulate and implement,
conduct researches develop and implement
policies for the programs of correction,
rehabilitation and treatment of offenders.
The Bureau has four major areas of
rehabilitation; all aimed at eliminating the
offenders’ pattern of criminal behaviour,
and reforming them into becoming law-
abiding and productive citizens after
serving their prison term. These programs
are; Livelihood projects; Educational and
Vocational Training; Recreation and Sports;
and, Religious/Spiritual activities.
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections
Organization and Key Positions of the
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
(Section 3, R.A. 9263)
The BJMP shall be headed by a
Chief who shall be assisted by two (2)
Deputy Chiefs, one (1) for administration
and one (1) for operations, all of whom shall
be appointed by the President upon
recommendation of the Secretary of DILG
from among qualified officers with at least
the rank of senior superintendent in the
service.
Types of Jails in General
a. Lock – up – security facility for the
temporary detention of persons held
for investigation or waiting
preliminary hearing. In conformity
with the law, the maximum period
of detention for light, less grave and
grave offenses are 12, 18, 36 hours,
respectively.
b. Ordinary jail – houses both
offenders awaiting court action and
those serving short sentences
usually up to three (3) years of
imprisonment.
c. Work houses – jail farm or camp-
houses minimum custody offenders
serving short sentences with
constructive work programs.
Types of Jails
a. Type A jail has a population of 100
offenders or more.
b. Type B jail has a population of 21 –
99 offenders.
c. Type C jail has a population of 20 or
less offenders.
Administrative Organization of BJMP
a. Regional Office – Headed by
Regional Director
b. Provincial Jail – Headed by a Jail
Provincial Administrator
c. District Jail – Headed by District
Jail Warden
d. Municipal Jail – Headed by
Municipal Jail Warden
e. City Jail – Headed by City Jail
Warden
13 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections
Professionalization and Upgrading of
Qualification Standards in the
Appointment of Uniformed Personnel in
BJMP (Section 4, R.A. 9263)
No person shall be appointed as
uniformed personnel of the BJMP unless
he/she possesses the following minimum
qualifications;
a. A citizen of the Republic of the
Philippines
b. A person of good moral character
c. Must have passed
psychiatric/psychological, drug and
physical test for the purpose of
determining his/her physical and
mental health;
d. Must possess a baccalaureate degree
from a recognized learning
institution;
e. Must possess the appropriate civil
service eligibility;
f. Must not have been dishonourably
discharged or dismissed for cause
from previous employment;
g. Must not have been convicted by
final judgement of an offense or
crime involving moral turpitude;
and
h. For Males - must be at least one
meter and sixty-two meters (1.62 m)
in height
For Females - must be at least one
meter and fifty-seven meters (1.57
m) in height.
i. Must weigh more or less than five
kilograms (5kgs.) from the standard
weight corresponding to his/her
height, age and sex;
Provided, that a new applicant must
not less than twenty-one (21) nor more than
thirty (30) years of age: except for this
particular provision, the above-enumerated
qualifications shall be continuing in
character and absence of any one of them at
any, given time shall be a ground for
separation or retirement from the service:
Provided, further that the uniformed
personnel who are already in the service
upon the affectivity of this Act shall be given
five (5) years to obtain the minimum
educational qualification and one (1) year to
satisfy the weight requirement.
 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

After the lapse of the time period for
the satisfaction of a specific requirement,
current uniformed personnel of the BJMP
who will fail to satisfy any of the
requirements enumerated under this section
shall be separated from the service if they
are below fifty (50) years of age and have
served in the government for less than
twenty (20) years, or retired if they are from
age fifty (50) and above and have served in
the government for at least twenty (20) years
without prejudice in either case to the
payment of benefits they may be entitled to
under existing laws.
Lateral Entry of Officers into the BJMP
(Section 6, R.A. 9263)
In general, all original appointments
of officers in the Jail Bureau shall commence
with the rank of Jail Inspector wherein
applicants for lateral entry into the BJMP
shall include all those highly specialized and
technical qualifications such as, but not
limited to, social workers, psychologists,
criminologists, teachers, nurses, dentists and
engineers. Doctors of medicine, members of
the Philippine Bar and chaplains shall be
appointed to the rank of fire/jail senior
inspector in their particular technical
service. Graduates of the Philippine
National Police Academy (PNPA) shall be
automatically appointed to the initial rank
of jail inspector.

Jail Positions and Corresponding Ranks (Section 7, R.A. 9263)

POSITION Rank (under 6975) RANK (under RA 9263)
Municipal Jail Warden Senior Jail Inspector Senior Jail Inspector
City Jail Warden Senior Jail Inspector Chief Jail Inspector
District Jail Warden Chief Jail Inspector Jail Superintendent
Provincial Jail Administrator Jail Superintendent Jail Superintendent
Asst. Regional Director for Jail Superintendent
Administration
Asst. Regional Director for Operation Jail Superintendent
Regional Chief of Directorial Staff Jail Superintendent
Regional Director of JMP Jail Senior
Superintendent
Director of the Directorate of National Jail Senior
Headquarters Office Superintendent
Deputy Chief for Administration of the Chief Jail
Jail Bureau Superintendent
Deputy Chief for Operation of the Jail Chief Jail
Bureau Superintendent
Chief of Directorial Staff Chief Jail
Superintendent
Chief of the Jail Bureau Jail Director

Attrition System for Uniformed Personnel a. Attrition by Demotion in Position

in BJMP (Section 9, R.A. 9263)
There shall be established system of
attrition for the uniformed personnel of
BJMP within one (1) year from the effectivity
of this Act to be submitted by said bureaus
to the DILG for approval. Such attrition
system shall include, but is not limited to,
provisions of the following principles:
or Rank – any uniformed personnel
of the BJMP who is relieved and
assigned to a position lower than
what is establish for his/her grade
in the respective staffing pattern of
the Jail Bureau, and who shall not be
assigned to a position
commensurate to his/her grade
within two (2) years after such

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 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

demotion in position shall be shall be gender-fair so as to

separated or retired from the ensure that women personnel of
service. the Jail Bureau shall enjoy equal
b. Attrition by Non-Promotion – any opportunity for promotion as of
uniformed personnel of the BJMP men.
who has not been promoted for a b. Requirements for Promotion
continuous period of ten (10) years o Any personnel of the BJMP
shall be separated or retired from shall not be eligible for
the service, except for those who are promotion to a higher rank
occupying a third-level position. unless he/she has met the
c. Attrition by Other Means – any minimum qualifications
uniformed of BJMP with at least five standards or the
(5) years of accumulated active appropriate civil service
service shall be separated from the eligibility set by the CSC,
service based on any of the and has satisfactorily
following factors. passed the required
o Inefficiency based on poor psychiatric/psychological,
performance during the last drug and physical tests.
two (2) successive semestral o Any personnel of the BJMP
rating periods. who has exhibited sets of
o Inefficiency based on poor conspicuous courage and
performance for three (3) gallantry at the risk of
cumulative semestral rating his/her life above and
periods. beyond the call of duty, or
o Physical and/or mental selected as such in a
incapacity to perform nationwide search
his/her duties and conducted by any
functions; or accredited civic
o Failure to complete the organization, shall be
required career courses promoted to the next higher
and/or appropriate civil rank:
service eligibility for
his/her position except for
justifiable reasons. Standardization of the Base Pay,
d. Separation or Retirement from Jail Retirement and other Benefits of the
Bureau – any personnel who is Uniformed Personnel of BJMP (Section 12,
dismissed from the BJMP pursuant R. A. 9263)
to the above-enumerated principles The rate of base pay of the
in this Section shall be separated if uniformed personnel of the BJMP shall be
he/she has rendered less than adjusted in accordance with the following
twenty (20) years of service, and be salary grade schedule:
retired if he/she has rendered at RANK SALARY
least twenty (20) years of service GRADE
unless the concerned personnel is Jail Director 28
disqualified by law to receive such Jail Chief Superintendent 27
benefits. Jail Senior Superintendent 26
Promotion System (Section 10, R.A. 9263) Jail Superintendent 25
a. Rationalized Promotion Jail Chief Inspector 24
System – the system of Jail Senior Inspector 23
promotion shall be based on Jail Inspector 22
merits and on the availability of Senior Jail Officer IV 19
vacant ranks in the BJMP Senior Jail Officer III 18
staffing pattern. Such system Senior Jail Officer II 17

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Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

Senior Jail Officer I 16 Provided, that all benefits currently received

Jail Officer III 14 by the uniformed personnel of the BJMP
Jail Officer II 12 under other existing laws shall continue to
Jail Officer I 10 be received by them. Provided, further, that
the retirement pay shall be subject to the
adjustments based on the prevailing scale of
base pay of the uniformed personnel in the
active service.

Bureau of Corrections Custodial and Technical Rank Table with

Corresponding Rank Equivalent in the BJMP
Corrections Custodial Officer Corrections Technical Officer BJMP Officer Ranks
Corrections Chief Jail Chief Superintendent
Superintendent
Corrections Senior Corrections Technical Senior Jail Senior
Superintendent Superintendent Superintendent
Corrections Superintendent Corrections Technical Jail Superintendent
Superintendent
Corrections Chief Inspector Corrections Technical Chief Jail Chief Inspector
Inspector
Corrections Senior Inspector Corrections Technical Senior Jail Senior Inspector
Inspector
Corrections Inspector Corrections Technical Inspector Jail Inspector
Corrections Senior Officer IV Corrections Technical Senior Senior Jail Officer IV
Officer IV
Corrections Senior Officer III Corrections Technical Senior Senior Jail Officer III
Officer III
Corrections Senior Officer II Corrections Technical Senior Senior Jail Officer II
Officer II
Corrections Senior Officer I Corrections Technical Senior Senior Jail Officer I
Officer I
Corrections Officer III Corrections Technical Officer III Jail Officer III
Corrections Officer II Corrections Technical Officer II Jail Officer II
Corrections Officer I Corrections Technical Officer I Jail Officer I

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 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

Experiential Learning
Activity 1: Knowledge Assessment.
Direction: Read the following statements and choose the correct option. Write the letter only.
1. Which Executive Department does not supervise and control the numerous correctional
institutions nationwide?
a. DOJ
b. DND
c. DSWD
d. DILG
2. The Head of the Bureau of Corrections is known as the ______ of the Bureau of
Corrections.
a. Chief
b. Director
c. Superintendent
d. Secretary
3. What are the types of jails that are not run and managed under the DILG?
a. City Jails
b. District Jails
c. Provincial Jails
d. None of the above
4. Provincial jails were first established during the American regime. At present, who acts
as head of these jails?
a. Warden
b. Director
c. Provincial Governor
d. Provincial Director
5. The designation for the key position as Chief, BJMP needs a rank of at least ______.
a. Director General
b. Director
c. Chief Superintendent
d. Senior Superintendent
6. The head of a District Jail who is responsible in its direction, supervision and control is
referred to as _____.
a. District Superintendent
b. Municipal Jail Warden
c. City Jail Warden
d. None of these

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Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

7. The oldest penal colony in the Philippines can be one of the choices below whereas, the
youngest is ______.
a. Leyte Regional Prison
b. San Ramon Penal Colony
c. Iwahig Penal Colony
d. New Bilibid Prison
8. Which among the following is not under the umbrella of DILG?
a. District Jails
b. Provincial Jails
c. City Jails
d. None of these
9. The Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm, a national penitentiary in the Philippines is under
the Bureau of Corrections is located in _____.
a. Occidental Mindoro
b. Palawan
c. Davao
d. Zamboanga
10. What is the legal basis of changing the Bureau of Prisons to Bureau of Corrections?
a. R.A. 9263
b. E.O. 292
c. Proclamation no. 945
d. B and C
11. Which among the following is NOT a major source of guidelines or sanctions in all the
aspects of operation and administration of jails or prisons in the Philippines?
a. BJMP and BUCOR manuals
b. UN Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
c. Revised Penal Code
d. The PNP Manual
12. Which among the following is considered as prison without walls?
a. New Bilibid
b. San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
c. Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm
d. Leyte Regional Prison
13. Carcel means _____ prison while presidio means _____ prison.
a. Female, male
b. Short period, long period
c. Minor, adult
d. Jail, prison
14. What is known as an Act Strengthening the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) and Providing
Funds Therefor?
a. R.A. 9263
b. R.A. 10575
c. R.A. 6975
d. R.A. 7659
15. In 1936, the City of Manila exchanges its Muntilupa property with the Bureau of Prisons
originally intended as a site for boys’ training school. What is the Spanish name of Old
Bilibid Prison which is now being used as the Manila City Jail?
a. May Halique Estate
b. Carcel y Presidio Correccional
c. Tandang Sora State
d. Oroquieta Street Penitentiary
16. It is considered as the youngest penal farm under Bureau of Corrections.
a. Iwahig Prison and Penal Farm

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 Module 3 Different Agencies in Corrections

b. Correctional Institute for Women

c. Leyte Regional Prison
d. Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm
17. Davao Prison and Penal Farm has partnerships with the Tagum Agricultural
Development Co. (Tadeco) where there are more or less 800 prisoners working for the
latter’s _____.
a. Fishery
b. Lumber production
c. Rice plantation and production
d. Banana plantation
18. The law creating the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology.
a. R. A. 8551
b. R. A. 9165
c. R. A. 6975
d. R. A. 4890
19. A penal facility known as the second oldest penitentiary in the country.
a. New Bilibid
b. Sablayan Prison and Penal Farm
c. San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm
d. Leyte Regional Prison
20. What agency of the government is mandated by law to develop, administer and
implement comprehensive social welfare programs designed to uplift the living
conditions and empower the disadvantaged children, youth, women, older persons?
a. DOJ c. DILG
b. DSWD d. A and B
Activity 2: Interpretive Theory
Modified TRUE or FALSE: Read the statement below and identify if it is True or False. Write the
word TRUE if the underlined word is correct and write the correct answer of the underlined
word if it is FALSE.
1. Nympha, a woman, was convicted of a crime punishable by not more than two years.
Since she is a woman, she will be imprisoned under the jurisdiction of CIW.
2. Juan was held for investigation; therefore he must be detained in a Lock – up.
3. A person awaiting or undergoing trial is not a classification of BJMP detainees?
4. The Bureau of Correction which is under the Department of Justice is headed by a Chief
Superintendent.
5. All original appointments of officers in the BuCor shall commence with the rank of Jail
Inspector.
6. Control model puts emphasis on security and housekeeping activities are viewed as key
to rehabilitation efforts.
7. San Ramon Prison was established in southern Davao del Norte on August 21, 1870
through a royal decree promulgated in 1869.
8. Provincial Jails was first established in 1910 under American regime.
9. Jail is the place of confinement for persons awaiting trial or court action.
10. In the New Bilibid Prison, all medium security prisoners are confined at Camp Bukang
Liwayway.

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20 De La Cruz‖ Institutional Corrections