Chapter 1 Motion and

Momentum

SEC. 1 What is Motion?

 The Students Will:

Define Speed, velocity and displacement

Graph Motion
 Terms to Know
Speed
Average Speed
Instantaneous Speed
Velocity
Distance
Displacement
 What is Motion?

Movement--------- changes in position

Requires a point of reference (starting
point)
 What is Distance?

The length of the route one travels

Ex. Distance from your house ------ school
Expressed in Meters (m)/ Kilometers (km)
 What is Displacement?

Includes the distance between the

starting and ending points, and the
direction in which you travel.

Ex. 40 m east
 What is Speed?

The distance traveled divided by the

time taken to travel the distance is
called speed.
S= distance (meters)
time (seconds)
A passenger train travels from Boston to
New York a distance of 350 km in 4
hours. What is the train’s speed?
If the car travels 400 m in 20 seconds
how fast is it going?
Bart ran 5000 meters from the cops and a
speed of 6 meters/second before he got
caught. How long did he run?
If it takes Ashley 3 seconds to run from the
batters box to first base at a speed of 6.5 meters
per second, what is the distance she covers in
that time?
 2 Kinds of Speed

Average Speed Instantaneous Speed

- The total distance -the speed of an object at
traveled divided by one instant of time.
the total time taken.
 Distance Time Graph

-Represents the motion of an object

 What is Velocity?
The speed of an object and the direction
of its motion is called velocity.
 Sec. 2
ACCELERATION
-
 What is Acceleration?
The change in velocity divided by
the time it takes for the change to
happen.
-happens when an object speeds up
or slows down.
3 Ways to Accelerate:
SPEEDING UP
SLOWING DOWN
CHANGING DIRECTION
 Formula:
Acceleration= final speed (m/s) – initial speed (m/s)
time (s)
a = sfi – si
t
 ACCELERATION

POSITIVE NEGATIVE
-OBJECT SPEEDS UP -OBJECT SLOWS DOWN

ZERO
-SPEED DOES NOT CHANGE
SPEED TIME GRAPH
 Acceleration Problems
1. A roller coaster car rapidly picks up a speed as it rolls down
a slope. As it starts down the slope, its speed is 4 m/s . But
3 seconds later, at the bottom of the slope, its speed is 22
m/s. What is its acceleration?
2. A cyclist accelerates from 0 m/s to 8 m/s in 3 seconds.
What is his acceleration? Is this acceleration higher than
that of a car which accelerates from 0 to 30 m/s in 8
seconds?
SEC 3 MOMENTUM
 The Students will:

- Explain the relationship between mass

and inertia.
- Define Momentum

- Solve problems using the Momentum

Formula
 Terms to Know:
Mass
Inertia
Momentum
 What is Mass?
The amount of matter in an object is
called Mass.
Units-kilograms (kg)/grams (g), pounds
(lbs)
 The tendency of an object to resist
change (position, movement) is called
inertia.
--objects with mass – inertia
 What is
Momentum?
The measure of how hard
it is to stop the motion of
an object is called
Momentum
Momentum (p) = mass (kg)
x velocity (m/s)
p = mv
 Law of Conservation of Mass:
The total momentum of the objects that collide
is the same before and after the collision.