RADius 1000 User Manual - 178649j

Kongsberg Maritime
RADius 1000 User's Manual
Supplier: Kongsberg Seatex

Reference: Man_user_radius1000
Version: 9
178649/J
RADius 1000
User's Manual
Part no: RAD-D-USR_00

Issued: 2011-07-05
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Notice
• All rights reserved. Reproduction of any of this manual in any form whatsoever without
prior written permission from Kongsberg Seatex AS is forbidden.
• The contents of this manual is subject to change without notice.
• All efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the contents of this manual.
However, should any errors be detected, Kongsberg Seatex AS would greatly appreciate
being informed of them.
Copyright © 2011 by Kongsberg Seatex AS. All rights reserved.
Kongsberg Seatex AS
Pirsenteret, N-7462 Trondheim, Norway
Telephone: +47 73 54 55 00
Facsimile: +47 73 51 50 20
Duty phone: +47 73 50 21 11
E-mail: km.seatex@kongsberg.com
www.km.kongsberg.com/seatex
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IV
Revision log
Document ID Rev. Date Reason for revision Approved

(sign)
Man_user_radius1000 0 2004-10-22 First version TSW
Man_user_radius1000 1 2004-12-06 Lithium battery information TSW
Man_user_radius1000 2 2006-12-01 Added WEEE note. HR
Updated for compatibility with SW
ver. 1.05.xx.
Release for FCC only FCC statements and note on RF
exposure included. Definitions
altered.
Temparature range and mean
radiated power adjusted.
Man_user_radius1000 3 2006-12-08 New system drawings HR
Man_user_radius1000 4 2007-04-26 Added information on RADius 600 HR
and new output telegrams. Updated
Figure 20. FCC Rules Part 80 Notes
included.
TID correction in figure 22.
US patent information, new rear
view and power/connection shelf
Man_user_radius1000 5 2008-02-21 HR
drawings, updated DoC, fuse info.
New VDU dimensions, RADius 700
information.
Man_user_radius1000 6 2008-06-27 Changes related to 1.06.00 release HR
Added information on Data
Man_user_radius 1000 7 2010-04-13 HR
Logging.
Man_user_radius 1000 8 2011-03-31 Changes related to 1.09.00 release HR
Man_user_radius 1000 9 2011-07-05 Updated for HWP2010 HR
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VI
Table of contents
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1
1.1 About this manual .......................................................................................................... 3
1.2 FCC information ............................................................................................................. 3
1.2.1 FCC part 15 statement ........................................................................................ 3
1.2.2 FCC RF exposure compliance ............................................................................ 4
1.2.3 FCC Rules Part 80 Notes .................................................................................... 4
1.3 US patent information .................................................................................................... 4
1.4 References ...................................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Definitions, abbreviations and acronyms ....................................................................... 4
1.5.1 Definitions .......................................................................................................... 4
1.5.2 Abbreviations and acronyms .............................................................................. 5
2. TECHNICAL DATA ........................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Health, environment and safety ...................................................................................... 7
2.2 Restrictions in guarantee ................................................................................................ 8
2.3 Performance data ............................................................................................................ 8
2.4 Restrictions in use .......................................................................................................... 8
2.5 Physical dimensions ....................................................................................................... 9
2.6 Power ............................................................................................................................ 10
2.7 Environmental specification ......................................................................................... 11
2.8 Other data ..................................................................................................................... 12
3. INSTALLATION............................................................................................................... 13
4. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................ 15
4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 15
4.2 Design principles .......................................................................................................... 16
4.2.1 Distance and bearing determination ................................................................. 17
4.3 System components ...................................................................................................... 19
4.3.1 Interrogator Unit ............................................................................................... 21
4.3.2 Controller Unit .................................................................................................. 22
4.3.2.1 Processing Unit .......................................................................................... 22
4.3.2.2 Power/connection shelf.............................................................................. 23
4.3.2.3 Keyboard/mouse ........................................................................................ 23
4.3.3 Transponder ...................................................................................................... 23
4.3.3.1 RADius 550X Transponder ...................................................................... 24
4.3.3.2 RADius 600 Transponder .......................................................................... 24
4.3.3.3 RADius 600X Transponder ....................................................................... 24
4.3.3.4 RADius 700 Transponder .......................................................................... 25
4.3.3.5 RADius 700X Transponder ....................................................................... 25
VII
5. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS...................................................................................... 26
5.1 Start procedure ............................................................................................................. 26
5.2 Graphical User Interface .............................................................................................. 26
5.2.1 Overview .......................................................................................................... 26
5.2.2 Polar plot........................................................................................................... 27
5.2.3 List of targets .................................................................................................... 27
5.2.4 Buttons and drop-down menus ......................................................................... 28
5.2.4.1 Target setup ............................................................................................... 30
5.2.4.2 Site setup.................................................................................................... 32
5.2.4.3 System setup .............................................................................................. 33
5.2.4.4 Data logging .............................................................................................. 34
5.2.4.5 System Info ................................................................................................ 35
5.2.4.6 Transponder grouping................................................................................ 35
5.2.5 Multi-Interrogator GUI ..................................................................................... 37
5.3 Operating sectors .......................................................................................................... 38
5.4 Stop procedure .............................................................................................................. 40
6. MAINTENANCE............................................................................................................... 42
6.1 General ......................................................................................................................... 42
6.2 Periodic maintenance ................................................................................................... 42
6.2.1 Software upgrades ............................................................................................ 43
6.2.2 Cleaning of air inlet .......................................................................................... 43
6.2.3 Inspection of cables and connectors ................................................................. 43
6.2.4 Cleaning of IU and transponder covers ............................................................ 43
6.2.5 Replacing the RADius 550X/700/700X batteries ........................................... 43
6.3 Repairs and modifications ............................................................................................ 44
6.3.1 Repair of the RADius 1000 Processing Unit .................................................... 44
7. DRAWINGS ....................................................................................................................... 46
APPENDIX A – DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY .................................................... 48
APPENDIX B - TRANSPORTATION................................................................................. 50
Index ........................................................................................................................................ 52
Reader's comments ................................................................................................................ 54
VIII
List of illustrations
Figure 1 RADius 1000 system, single Interrogator ................................................................. 1

Figure 2 RADius 1000 system, dual Interrogator .................................................................... 2
Figure 3 Illustration of position accuracy as a function of distance ...................................... 15
Figure 4 A typical scenario where a vessel operates close to a high structure ...................... 15
Figure 5 Relative distance and bearing .................................................................................. 17
Figure 6 RADius principle ..................................................................................................... 17
Figure 7 RADius 1000 system, single Interrogator solution.................................................. 19
Figure 8 RADius 1000 system, dual Interrogator solution .................................................... 20
Figure 9 Interrogator front view ............................................................................................. 21
Figure 10 Interrogator rear view ............................................................................................ 21
Figure 11 Front panel of the Processing Unit ........................................................................ 22
Figure 12 Rear panel of the Processing Unit ......................................................................... 22
Figure 13 Rear view of the power/connection shelf .............................................................. 23
Figure 14 RADius Transponders............................................................................................ 23
Figure 16 RADius Single Interrogator GUI ........................................................................... 26
Figure 17 Invalid bearing ....................................................................................................... 27
Figure 18 Target field right-clicking ...................................................................................... 28
Figure 19 Target setup dialogue ............................................................................................. 30
Figure 20 Site Setup dialogue ................................................................................................ 32
Figure 21 System Setup dialogue ........................................................................................... 33
Figure 22 Data logging dialogue ............................................................................................ 34
Figure 23 System Info window .............................................................................................. 35
Figure 24 Transponder Grouping ........................................................................................... 36
Figure 25 RADius Multi Interrogator GUI ............................................................................ 37
Figure 26 Multiple transponders allow for flexible manoeuvring of the supply vessel......... 38
Figure 27 Dual Interrogator solution for better track of transponders ................................... 39
Figure 28 Air inlet filter ......................................................................................................... 43
Figure 29 Dangerous goods class 9 UN-3091........................................................................ 50
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X
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 9 Introduction
1. INTRODUCTION
The RADius relative positioning system is developed with the intention of improving the
safety of DP operations where DP vessels operate close to each other, or close to structures.
It is based on radar principles and has no moving parts, which makes it very accurate and
robust in harsh weather conditions.
The standard single Interrogator system is supplied with the following parts:
• A 19-inch rack (6U)

• RADius 1000 Processing Unit (2U)(mounted in the rack)
• RADius 1000 Interrogator Unit
• RADius Transponder
• VDU monitor for desktop mounting (optional)
• Keyboard with integrated mouse (1U)
• A power and connection shelf (2U) (mounted in the rack)
• Documentation
Figure 1 RADius 1000 system, single Interrogator

In a dual Interrogator solution, the standard system consists of one RADius 1000 Interrogator
Unit in addition to the standard single Interrogator system as listed above.
1
Figure 2 RADius 1000 system, dual Interrogator
Triple and quad Interrogator systems are also available.
2
1.1 About this manual
This is a compilation of information on the RADius 1000 product released for the user. The
manual is organised into the following chapters:
Chapter 1 Introduction - A brief overview of this manual with references and

abbreviations.
Chapter 2 Technical data - Presents detailed product specifications, physical dimensions,

required power and environment restrictions together with restrictions in use and
guarantee.
Chapter 3 Installation - Refers to the Installation Manual.
Chapter 4 Technical description - A brief description of the theory of the RADius product
and how to calculate position and bearing.
Chapter 5 Operating instructions - Describes system operation following installation.
Chapter 6 Maintenance - Describes repair and servicing.
Chapter 7 Drawings - Refers to the Installation Manual.
In this manual the following notations are used:
WARNING! Used when it is necessary to warn personnel that a risk of injury

or death exists if care is not exercised.
Caution! Used to warn the reader that a risk of damage to the equipment exists if
care is not exercised.
Note! Used to draw the reader's attention to a comment or some important

information.
1.2 FCC information
1.2.1 FCC part 15 statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a marine and/or
commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. The equipment is not intended for operation in
a residential area. Operation in such an area is likely to cause harmful interference in which
case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
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1.2.2 FCC RF exposure compliance
This device conforms to FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
environment. The patch antenna (not detachable) used for this transmitter must be installed to
provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or
operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
Additional information to the user

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Kongsberg Seatex AS will void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.
1.2.3 FCC Rules Part 80 Notes
RADius is compliant with FCC Rules part 80 and is classified as a Licensed Non-Broadcast
Station Transmitter. RADius is used as a Short-Range Relative Positioning System. FCC ID,
Q8IKSXRADIUS, is shown on equipment marking.
1.3 US patent information
The RADius 1000 is registered under US patent number 7,315,274.
1.4 References
[1] RADius 1000 Installation Manual.

[2] General Conditions for the Supply of Products, Orgalime S 92 with one exception
sheet.
1.5 Definitions, abbreviations and acronyms
1.5.1 Definitions
host system In this manual defined as navigation computers, Dynamic Positioning

Systems etc., receiving data from RADius.
Interrogator The Interrogator transmits signals and receives the reflected signals
from the Transponder(s). Based on this, it calculates the distance and
bearing to one or more transponders. Mounted on the DP vessel.
Transponder The Transponder reflects the signals transmitted from the
Interrogator. Mounted on the remote object/vessel.
Latency The time it takes from the actual measurement is made until the
telegram is transmitted on the serial port.
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1.5.2 Abbreviations and acronyms
BCD Binary Coded Decimal

CU Controller Unit
DP Dynamic Positioning
DGPS Differential Global Positioning System
EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power
FBEAM Fanbeam telegram format
FCC Federal Communication Commission
FM-CW Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
GPS Global Positioning System
GUI Graphical User Interface
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IMO International Maritime Organisation
IU Interrogator Unit
LAN Local Area Network
PPS Pulse-Per-Second
PSXRAD Kongsberg Seatex RADius proprietary format
PU Processing Unit
RF Radio Frequency
TBD To Be Defined
TCF Technical Construction File
TID Transponder Identity
VDU Video Display Unit
WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
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RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 9 Technical data
2. TECHNICAL DATA
2.1 Health, environment and safety
Operation or troubleshooting of RADius equipment will not imply any risk for high voltages,
radiation, explosions or exposure to gas. The RADius 1000 complies with IEC 60950-
1/EN60950-1 standards regarding product safety (low voltage) and IEC 60945/EN60945
standards on electromagnetic compatibility (immunity/radiation) and vibration.
WARNING! The RADius 500 and RADius 700 contain lithium batteries inside
the equipment housing. The battery is completely covered by
the transponder housing and is watertight. Unless severe
damage is made to the housing there is no risk of explosion or
fire. See Appendix B - Transportation for labels and symbols on
equipment package.
To avoid possible fire, explosion, leakage or burn hazard do not

open the sealed unit. Do not attempt to recharge, disassemble,
heat above +75° C/167 F or incinerate.
Caution! The RADius 500/700 batteries cannot be recharged and an attempt to do

so could result in a hazard. (Battery terminals are not accessible unless
the cover is destroyed or removed).
WARNING! RF Exposure: The RADius must be mounted with a separation

distance of at least 20 cm from any humans.
All RADius electrical and electronic products have to be disposed separately from the
municipal waste stream via designated collection facilities appointed by the government or
local authorities.
The correct disposal and separate collection of your old

appliance will help preventing potential negative
consequences for the environment and human health. It is a
precondition for reuse and recycling of used electrical and
electronic equipment. For more detailed information about
disposal of your old appliance, please contact your local
authorities or waste disposal service.
Until further notice is given regarding reuse, disassembly or

disposal, the equipment at end-of-life, could be returned to
Kongsberg Seatex AS if there is no local WEEE collection.
The equipment is marked with the following pictogram.
7
2.2 Restrictions in guarantee
The liability of Kongsberg Seatex AS is limited to repair of the RADius 1000 only under the
terms and conditions stated in reference [2], and excludes consequential damages such as
customer's loss of profit or damage to other systems traceable back to RADius malfunction.
The warranty does not cover malfunctions of the RADius resulting from the following
conditions:
a) The Processing Unit, the Interrogator Unit or the Transponder housing has been opened
by the customer.
b) Over-voltage or incorrect power connection.
2.3 Performance data
Distance accuracy: ................................................................................................. < 0.25 m (1σ)

Angle accuracy: ............................................................................................................ 0.25° (1σ)
DP Range: ................................................................................................................ Up to 550 m
Operating frequency: .......................................................................................... 5.51 - 5.61 GHz
Operating sector, single Interrogator: ..................................................................................... 90°
Operation sector, dual Interrogator ....................................................................................... 180°
Operating sector, single Transponder: .................................................................................... 90°
Peak radiated output power (EIRP): ................................................................................ 1.43 W
Mean radiated output power (EIRP): ................................................................................1.05 W
Data update rate: ................................................................................ Up to 5 Hz (Configurable)
Latency: ..............................................................................................................................< 0.5 s
2.4 Restrictions in use
The operation sector for the Interrogator and the Transponders is limited to 90 degrees. If the
vessel exceeds the operation sector, relative position and bearing output from the RADius
product will be degraded.
8
2.5 Physical dimensions
RADius 1000 Processing Unit

Width: .............................................................................................................................. 485 mm
Height: ................................................................................................................... (2U) 88.1 mm
Depth: .............................. Min 325 mm (excluding connectors on rear panel) and max 412 mm
Weight: ............................................................................................................................... 5.4 kg
Colour: ...................................................................................................... Front anodised natural
Video Display Unit, 17"

Width: .............................................................................................................................. 370 mm
Height: ............................................................................................................................. 316 mm
Depth: .............................................................................................................................. 195 mm
Weight: ............................................................................................................................... 4.4 kg
Colour: ................................................................................................................................. Silver
RADius 1000 Interrogator Unit

Width: .............................................................................................................................. 562 mm
Height: ............................................................................................................................. 412 mm
Depth: .............................................................................................................................. 184 mm
Weight: .................................................................................................................................. 7 kg
Colour: .................................................................................................................................White
RADius 500 Transponder

Width: .............................................................................................................................. 220 mm
Height: ............................................................................................................................. 228 mm
Depth: ................................................................................................................................ 72 mm
Weight: ............................................................................................................................... 1.6 kg
Colour: .................................................................................................................................White

Width: .............................................................................................................................. 220 mm
Height: ............................................................................................................................. 228 mm
Depth: ................................................................................................................................ 72 mm
Weight: ............................................................................................................................... 1.4 kg
Colour: .................................................................................................................................White

Width: .............................................................................................................................. 562 mm
Height: ............................................................................................................................. 412 mm
Depth: .............................................................................................................................. 184 mm
Weight: .................................................................................................................................. 7 kg
Colour: ..................................................................................................................... White - front
Colour: ........................................................................................................................ Grey – rear
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RADius Transponder Power Supply

Width: .............................................................................................................................. 126 mm
Height: ............................................................................................................................. 226 mm
Depth: ................................................................................................................................ 90 mm
Weight: ............................................................................................................................... 2.5 kg
Colour: .................................................................................................................................. Grey
2.6 Power

Voltage: .............................................................................................. 100 - 240 V AC, 50/60 Hz
Power consumption: ............................................................................................ < 100 W (max.)
Batteries: ...................................................................... None, connection to UPS recommended

Voltage: .......................................................................................... 100 to 240 V AC (50/60 Hz)
Power consumption: .............................................................................................. 34 W (typical)

Voltage: ............................................................................................................... 48 V ±10% DC
Power consumption: ................................................................................................. 70 W (max.)
Batteries: ...................................................................... None, connection to UPS recommended

Voltage: .................................................................................................................. 3.6 V battery 1
Power consumption: ........................................................................................................... 7 mW

Voltage: .......................................................................................................... 6.5 V +/- 1.5V DC
Power consumption: .................................................................................................. 1 W (max.)

Voltage: .............................................................................................................. 3.6 V batteries 2
Power consumption: ........................................................................................................... 7 mW
RADius 600 Transponder Power Supply

Input voltage (universal): .................................................................................... 85 to 265 V AC
1
See Appendix B in this manual.
2
The RADius 700 contains two lithium batteries.
10
2.7 Environmental specification

Enclosure material:..................................................................................................... Aluminium
Ingress protection, front: ..................................................................................................... IP-42
Ingress protection, rear ........................................................................................................ IP-21
Operating temperature range: ................................................................ -15 to +55ºC/5 to 131 F
Operating humidity: ......................................................................... Max. 95 % non-condensing
Storage temperature range: ................................................................... -20 to +60ºC/-4 to 140 F
Storage humidity: .................................................................................................. Less than 55%
Vibration test according to: .................................................................................. IEC/EN 60945

Operating temperature range: ...................................................................5 to +40ºC/41 to 104 F
Relative humidity: ........................................................................................................ 10 to 80%

Enclosure material:............................................................................ Anodised aluminium - rear
Enclosure material:........................................................................................ Plastic - front cover
Enclosure protection: .......................................................................................................... IP-66
Operating temperature range: .............................................................. -30 to +55ºC/-22 to 131 F
Operating humidity (max.): ................................................................................................. 100%
Storage temperature range: ................................................................. -25 to +70ºC/-13 to 158 F
Storage humidity (max.):....................................................................................................... 60%
Vibration testing according to: ..................................................................................... EN 60945


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RADius Transponder Power Supply

Enclosure material:..................................................................................................... Aluminium
Operating temperature range: ................................................................ -15 to +55ºC/5 to 131 F
2.8 Other data
RADius 1000 Processing Unit Data I/O

Data outputs: ............................................................................................... 6 RS-422 serial lines
............................................................................................... 2 RS-232 serial lines
Data output formats:
• NMEA 0183 proprietary message PSXRAD

• FANBEAM BCD
• PSEUDO ARTEMIS
• ABB DP
• FANBEAM MDL STANDARD
• FANBEAM MDL STANDARD WITH CHECKSUM
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RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 9 Installation
3. INSTALLATION
For description of installation of the RADius system, please see the RADius 1000 Installation
Manual, reference [1].
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RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 9 Installation
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RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 9 Technical description
4. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
4.1 Introduction
RADius (patent pending) represents a completely new way of utilising radar principles in
short range and direction monitoring. RADius is mainly meant to be used in operations where
increased safety is crucial. The system could typically be used to control or assist automatic
dynamic positioning (DP) of a vessel.
The RADius system is designed to operate close by structures and other vessels. The use of
identifiable transponders minimizes the risk of tracking false echoes.
Distanc
100m
10m
RADius
1m
DGPS
100m 200m 300 m Distanc
Figure 3 Illustration of position accuracy as a function of distance
As shown in Figure 3, DGPS and RADius have complementary characteristics when closing
up to large structures. The DGPS systems will suffer from limited view of the sky, resulting in
degraded GPS availability. This can be crucial when the GPS constellation is at its minimum
and the most important satellite disappears behind the structure. The RADius system
increases its performance as it moves closer to the transponders located on the structure.
Figure 4 A typical scenario where a vessel operates close to a high structure
15
Innovative technology
The implementation is fully solid state and based on measuring reflected signals from a
number of transponders who represent targets in the nearby area. Each reflected signal is
mixed with a unique ID in order to separate different transponders from each other. Advanced
signal processing allows simultaneous and continuous measurements from up to five
transponders. RADius is designed for multiple vessels utilizing the same transponders
simultaneously.
Advanced principles
One or more Interrogator Units are located at the manoeuvring vessel and one or more
transponders are attached to different points at the remote object. Signal processing will
effectively remove possible interference with other transmitting devices in the same
frequency band. Application software makes configuration and monitoring of the RADius
operation easy and effective. Interfaces to remote systems are provided through serial lines.
RADius is designed to fill the need specified by IMO for DP Class 2 vessels.
Operational features
RADius is capable of detecting and measuring the distance to transponders within the range
of up to 1000 metres. The angle between the Interrogator and each transponder is determined
by the use of interferometric methods. RADius is delivered with an easy-to-use graphical user
interface.
4.2 Design principles
RADius is a high precision position reference and tracking system based on radar principles.
The system may include a number of Interrogators and transponders. The Interrogator is used
to read the individual distance and direction to a number of transponders by means of
microwaves.
The Interrogator includes a transmitter unit, a receiver unit and a pre-processor unit. The
Interrogator communicates with the Processing Unit through an Ethernet link.
Each transponder includes antennas, a side band oscillator and a voltage source. The
transponder generates sub-carriers at individual frequencies for identification. The RADius
550X and RADius 700 Transponders are battery powered. The RADius 600 Transponder is
permanently connected to 6 VDC through an AC/DC converter.
16
4.2.1 Distance and bearing determination
Transponder #1
Transponder #3
distance
bearing
Transponder #2
Interrogator
Figure 5 Relative distance and bearing
The RADius Interrogator measures distance and bearing to the transponders. It can operate on
one transponder alone or up to five simultaneously. The ability to track several transponders
simultaneously increases the integrity capability and the robustness of the system.
Transmitted signal
frequency
Transponder
time
Reflected signal
frequency
Distance = ½ • Fb/Fs • Ts • c
time
Velocity = ½ • D • L
Fb – beat frequency
Figure 6 RADius principle
17
RADius measures range based on the FM-CW principle. It sweeps the frequency transmitted
and mixes the transmitted signal with the received signal. The transmitted signal has changed
frequency during the flight time of the received signal and it is the difference between the
transmitted frequency and the received frequency that is measured. This frequency difference
is proportional to twice the distance to the transponder.
The RADius characteristics are determined from the measuring principles. This leads to
different performance at different ranges. The accuracy is best at close range. For the RADius
600 and 700 Transponders optimal accuracy is acquired at 10 – 200 metres. Between 200 -
500 metres distance and bearing are measured but the accuracy is degraded due to the nature
of angle measurements. Beyond 500 metres, the system acquires the transponders but often
only with range measurements.
18
4.3 System components
The RADius 1000 system comprises two main parts, which are physically separated. These
are:
• Interrogator Unit/Units
• Controller/Processing Unit (CU)
In addition there are:
• Transponder
• VDU
• Power cables
• Cables between the Rack Unit and the Interrogator Unit
• Documentation
Figure 7 RADius 1000 system, single Interrogator solution
19
Figure 8 RADius 1000 system, dual Interrogator solution
20
4.3.1 Interrogator Unit
The Interrogator is a sealed unit which consists of a transmitter, a receiver and pre-processing
modules. The power is supplied from the power/connection shelf in the CU. The ON/OFF
switch is located on the right-hand side on the power/connection shelf, rear view.
The Interrogator is only to be opened by qualified Kongsberg Seatex personnel.
RADius 1000
Figure 9 Interrogator front view
Figure 10 Interrogator rear view
21
4.3.2 Controller Unit
The Controller Unit is installed on the bridge, in the instrument room or a similar location. It
comprises the components described in the chapters below:
• Processing Unit (2U)

• Power/connection shelf (2U)
• Keyboard/mouse (1U)
4.3.2.1 Processing Unit
The Processing Unit is designed to fit standard 19-inch racks. It comprises the following main
parts:
• Hard disk
• Serial and analog I/O boards
• 110/230V AC power supply
• Computer main board
The power on/off switch, LAN port and USB connection are
located under the lid on the left part of the front panel.
Figure 11 Front panel of the Processing Unit
The rear panel of the Processing Unit contains communication interface ports for interfacing
to external systems.
Figure 12 Rear panel of the Processing Unit
22
4.3.2.2 Power/connection shelf
The power/connection shelf is designed to fit standard 19-inch racks and is providing power
and network interface to one or more Interrogators. It comprises the following parts:
• Ethernet switch
• ON/OFF switch (for the interrogators) with integrated fuse
• 110/230V AC/DC power supply for Interrogators
• 110/230V AC/DC power supply for Ethernet switch
• Power and LAN terminals for Interrogators
Power Data/LAN
Figure 13 Rear view of the power/connection shelf
4.3.2.3 Keyboard/mouse
A 1U keyboard with integrated trackball is installed in the rack. The keyboard is the system’s
primary input device.
4.3.3 Transponder
Figure 14 RADius Transponders
The Transponder receives the signal from the Interrogator, mixes the input signal with its own
identity frequency and reflects the signal back.
23
The transponder is supplied as a sealed unit, configured with an ID. It does not need any user
interaction to be configured.
The transponder ID (TID) is derived from the actual transponder identification frequency
which ranges from 1.5 MHz to 3.0 MHz. TID then ranges from 150 to 300.
Different transponder types are available; see detailed description in the chapters below.
One RADius 700 Transponder is supplied with the RADius 1000 system. This is primarily
meant to be used as a reference transponder for system calibration and check of the IU and
PU during the system installation and commissioning. It can also be placed at a suitable
location of user choice, thus making the system autonomous. The supplied transponder is
always set to TID 150.
4.3.3.1 RADius 550X Transponder
The RADius 550X Transponders are easily relocated as there is no cable connection.
• DP range:< 350 metres.

• Operating sector: 90 degrees horizontally and vertically.
• Powered by an internal 3.6 VDC battery. Estimated battery life is two years.
• ATEX certified
4.3.3.2 RADius 600 Transponder
The RADius 600 Transponders are typically installed on platforms or other floating
installations.
• DP range: < 550 metres.

The RADius 600X is an ATEX certified version of RADius 600.
24
4.3.3.4 RADius 700 Transponder
RADius 700 is a battery operated transponder with the same performance as the RADius 600
Transponder.
• DP range: < 550 metres.

• Powered by two internal 3.6 VDC batteries. Estimated battery life time is 3 years.
• ON/OFF switching by removing the connector cover and inserting the activate
connector. The transponder is powered ON when the connector is inserted.
The RADius 700X is an ATEX certified version of RADius 700.
25
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 9 Operating instructions
5. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
5.1 Start procedure
The RADius 1000 software will start automatically after the Processing Unit is powered ON.
5.2 Graphical User Interface
5.2.1 Overview
Figure 15 RADius Single Interrogator GUI
The RADius main window is made up of three different parts:
Polar plot
This is located on the left-hand side of the screen and shows the location of transponders and
the operating sector of the Interrogator. See chapter 5.2.2.
26
Buttons and drop-down menus

These are located in the upper part of the screen. For a detailed description on the different
buttons and menus, see chapter 5.2.3.
List of targets
This is located on the right-hand side of the screen. The list provides useful information on
each target, see chapter Error! Reference source not found..
5.2.2 Polar plot
Vertical direction upwards in the polar plot screen corresponds to the bow of the vessel.
The operating sector of the IU is indicated by a black arch.
The sector diagram is divided into 15-degree sectors. The circles indicate distance from the
Interrogator. The distance scale can be changed, see Zoom in/out in chapter 5.2.3.
Target indicator
Each target is indicated in the polar plot with a numbered black circle, the indicator. When the
bearing is invalid, the indicator will change to a red ring. The indicator will still use the last
valid bearing, but will move on a straight line corresponding to the distance to the
transponder.
Target indicator,
invalid bearing
Target indicator,
valid bearing
Figure 16 Invalid bearing
There is also a status line at the bottom displaying status information (for instance: “receiving
data from IUxxxx), and a counter on the bottom right, counting received data from the IU.
5.2.3 List of targets
The target list can show from two to five targets simultaneously. Each target field displays the
following information:
27
• Target number
• Transponder identity (TID)
• Distance to target
• Bearing to target
• A signal strength bar
• DP output indicator (output telegram dependent 3 )
The target number will change colour depending on the quality of the measurements:
• Green: Target tracked, good signal quality

• Yellow: Target tracked, poor signal quality
• Grey: Target not tracked
When the bearing measurements are no longer valid, the last valid measurement is shown in
red. By right-clicking a target field, the user is presented with three different choices:
Figure 17 Target field right-clicking
Set target: Click to activate the Target Setup dialogue, see 5.2.4.1.
Reacquire target: The target tracking status is reset, making the system restart search for
the target.
Delete target: The target is deleted from the GUI and not tracked by the RADius
system.
5.2.4 Buttons and drop-down menus
The following buttons and drop down menus are presented in the RADius main window.
Left-clicking the mouse activates each item.
3
The DP output indicator shows which Transponder’s data is sent with the single target telegrams (if defined).
Only one Transponder on a RADius system can have this indicator. If the PSXRAD telegram is choosen, no DP
output indicator will be shown.
28
Zoom in
The polar plot in the GUI is zoomed in. By clicking the button several times, the scale will be
decreased to minimum. The maximum zoom yields a viewing range of 5 metres in each
direction. Zoom in can also be accessed by pressing the "+" key.
Zoom out
The polar plot in the GUI is zoomed out. By clicking the button several times, the scale will
be increased to maximum. The minimum zoom yields a viewing range of 5 metres in each
direction. Zoom out can also be accessed by pressing the "-" key.
Zoom
By clicking the drop-down menu, the user can choose from a number of preset zoom areas,
ranging from 5 to 2500 metres.
Night display
By clicking this button, the colour scheme in the GUI toggles between the day and night
modes.
Site selection
By clicking the drop-down menu, the user can select one of the sites defined in the Site Setup
dialogue. See chapter 5.2.4.2 for more information.
Number of targets viewed in list of targets

By clicking the drop-down menu, the user can select the number of targets viewed in the list
of targets.
29
Target Setup
By clicking this button, and choosing Target Setup, the Target Setup dialogue opens. It can
also be accessed by right-clicking the target field. See chapter 5.2.4.1 for a more detailed
description on the Target Setup dialogue.
Tools
By clicking this button, a sub menu appears, and the following choices can be made:
• RadView, this is an “expert view” and should only be used in cooperation with
Kongsberg Seatex customer support.
• DBViewer, this is an “expert view” and should only be used in cooperation with
Kongsberg Seatex customer support.
System
By clicking this button, a submenu with the following choices appears:
• Site Setup, see chapter 5.2.4.2
• System Setup, see chapter 5.2.4.3
• Start/Stop Log, see chapter 5.2.4.4
• System Info, see chapter 5.2.4.5
View
This button is used to choose between Single Interrogator GUI (Sectors 1-4) and All sectors
GUI (see 5.2.5)
5.2.4.1 Target setup
To set up a target, either click the button or right-click the actual target field or
press the corresponding numerical key. The following dialogue appears:
Figure 18 Target setup dialogue
Sector
30
Sector corresponds to the Interrogator ID (1-4) for multi-Interrogator systems.
Target
The Target number (1-5).
Transponder ID
Transponder ID is described in chapter 4.3.3.
Range limits
Range limits can be set to appropriate values. The target will not be tracked or shown in the
GUI if the target is outside these limits. The range minimum cannot be less than three metres,
and the maximum cannot be more than 1534 metres. In cases where the system locks on an
obvious false target, appropriate limits can be set to help the system acquire the correct target.
Forward target data to DP system

If a single transponder telegram (see the Installation Manual, [1], for more information on
this) is set up as the DP output telegram, the user has to choose which target to use as DP
reference. This selection is not enabled if multiple transponder telegram (e.g. PSXRAD) is
used; data for all targets are sent to the DP.
Group transponders
Tick this option to select the transponder grouping functionality. See section 5.2.4.6.
31
5.2.4.2 Site setup
The Site Setup functionality simplifies the operation of the RADius system when entering a
site with one or more transponders. It allows the user to easily select a site and have all
relevant targets set up in the GUI.
Click the button and then select the Site Setup option. The dialogue box below
appears.
Figure 19 Site Setup dialogue
The user will recognize the same transponder parameters as in the regular Target Setup
dialogue, see chapter 5.2.4.1. Here the user has the possibility of configuring all targets used
at a specified Site.
To create a new Site, click Add, and enter the location name. The user may also change the
Site name by clicking Rename, or delete the Site by clicking Remove.
Sector corresponds to the Interrogator ID (1-4) for multi-Interrogator systems.
When clicking the Save button, the changes are stored and will appear the next time the
specific Site is selected in the main window.
32
5.2.4.3 System setup
Figure 20 System Setup dialogue
This dialogue is used during system installation. See the Installation Manual, ref [1].
33
5.2.4.4 Data logging
When clicking the button, and selecting the Start/Stop Log option, the
following dialogue appears:
Figure 21 Data logging dialogue
To start logging, tick the boxes to select the formats to log.
When clicking OK, RADius starts to log the selected data to the hard disk.
By default, the data are logged to D:\StxData\Data. The following files can be logged:
• Matched Filter Data. Logs .mfd-files (one file for each hour of logging)
• Result Data. Logs .res-files (one file for each hour of logging)
• PSXRAD. Logs .txt-files.
In addition, one .sys file containing system configuration, and one .cal file for each
Interrogator on the system, are logged.
To stop logging, un-tick all the boxes and click OK.
34
5.2.4.5 System Info
The System Info window provides information on the software version in the different parts
of the RADius system.
Figure 22 System Info window
Note! If the data communication is not working, only the CU software version will
be available. The other fields will display "0". All Interrogators connected
to the CU will be shown in the dialogue.
5.2.4.6 Transponder grouping
When RADius is used in areas where the sea has no swell (< 0.5 m), the signal strength could
vary significantly due to multipath fading. The interaction between the direct path signal from
the transponder and the signal from the transponder reflected from the sea surface, can at
certain ranges cause a very low signal-to-noise ratio.
Transponder grouping can be used to mitigate the effects of multipath fading. In the Target
setup dialogue, select “Group transponders”, and then targets 1-3 will automatically be
grouped. (TIDTarget1 +2) and (TIDtarget1 +6 shall not be used for Targets 4 and 5. In the
GUI, targets 2 and 3 will indicate “Grouped”, and show no range/bearing. The PSXRAD
telegram will contain data only from Target 1, and RADius will evaluate the signals from the
three grouped transponders and use only the signal from the transponder with the strongest
signal.
35
Figure 23 Transponder Grouping
Transponder grouping requires a special, vertical transponder mounting arrangement. Please

contact Kongsberg Seatex for further information.
36
5.2.5 Multi-Interrogator GUI
Figure 24 RADius Multi Interrogator GUI
When more than one Interrogator is connected to the system, the multi-Interrogator GUI is
useful. It shows a polar plot for up to four Interrogators. The single Interrogator GUI is
default at start-up. Click the button or double-click in the Polar plot to enter the multi-
Interrogator GUI. To return to the single-Interrogator GUI, click the button or double
click in the Polar plot.
37
5.3 Operating sectors
When operating the RADius system, the operating sectors for the Interrogator and the
transponders must be taken into consideration.
The following drawings illustrate how utilization of several transponders makes it possible to
operate with the 90-degree operation sector on the Interrogator.
Figure 25 Multiple transponders allow for flexible manoeuvring of the supply vessel
The last example in the illustration shows a situation where the target with ID 170 will drop
in and out of track, and there is a risk of unstable measurements. The operator should in this
case delete the target to avoid alarms on the DP. To improve such a situation, a dual
Interrogator solution shown below is recommended.
38
The following drawings illustrate how utilization of a dual Interrogator solution will improve
the accuracy by increasing the operating sector of the radius system.
Figure 26 Dual Interrogator solution for better track of transponders
39
5.4 Stop procedure
The controlled way to turn off the RADius system is to press CTRL+ALT+DEL
simultaneously. The Task Manager will appear. Select Shut down on the toolbar and then
select Turn off. Turn off the power when the message "It is now safe to turn off your
computer" appears.
Caution! Do not turn off power during the Windows XP shutdown sequence.
40
Blank page
41
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 9 Maintenance
6. MAINTENANCE
6.1 General
RADius consists of a software part and a hardware part. The software part can be reinstalled
or upgraded to the latest version in the field by loading a floppy disk into the Processing Unit.
Service of the RADius hardware in the field can consist of:
• Replacing damaged cables.

• Replacing failed Interrogator Unit.
• Replacing failed Transponders.
• Replacing failed Processing Unit.
• Checking the fuse within the power connector on the Processing Unit.
• Checking the fuse within the power connector on the Power/Connection shelf.
• Checking the fuse on the output of the 48 VDC power supply located beside output
terminals.
The Processing Unit, Interrogator Unit or the transponders are not designed for service in the
field and opening the housing will result in damage or degradation of the units and void the
warranty. Failed units have to be shipped back to Kongsberg Seatex for service. The return
address is provided in the first pages of this manual.
Note! Fuses shall only be replaced with the same type and rating.
Note! Preferably equipment should be returned in its original package. RADius

500 and 700 shall be returned in the original package with the proper
labelling. See Appendix B - Transportation for information.
During the time a failed unit is in for service, Kongsberg Seatex AS will be helpful by renting
the user a spare component if needed.
6.2 Periodic maintenance
The periodic maintenance of the RADius 1000 can be divided into five categories: software
upgrades, cleaning of air inlet, inspection of cables and connectors (for possible damage),
cleaning of IU cover and replacing the RADius 500 battery.
Caution! Units with damaged plastic cover must be replaced immediately.
42
6.2.1 Software upgrades
Kongsberg Seatex AS will regularly offer software upgrades for the RADius 1000 with
improvements and new functionalities. It is up to the user to decide whether he will upgrade
his unit to the latest version.
6.2.2 Cleaning of air inlet
The air inlet at the rear of the Processing Unit needs to be cleaned or replaced regularly (at
least twice a year) to avoid overheating of the unit. Remove plastic cover (encircled below)
and replace the filter behind the cover with a new filter or clean the existing filter free of dust
before replacing it.
Figure 27 Air inlet filter
6.2.3 Inspection of cables and connectors
The cables and connectors must periodically be inspected for possible damage. If the
connectors are damaged, the connectors and cables must be replaced. The IU must be sent to
Kongsberg Seatex AS for inspection and servicing. Alternatively, service personnel can be
sent to inspect the RADius system on-site.
6.2.4 Cleaning of IU and transponder covers
Keeping the IU and transponder plastic cover clean is important to maintain a fully
operational and accurate system. Use a moist cloth to clean the covers.
6.2.5 Replacing the RADius 550X/700/700X batteries
The battery on the RADius 550X/700/700X Transponder(s) should be replaced on regular

intervals:
• RADius 550X: every 24 months, see RADius 550X Instruction Manual for details
• RADius 700: every 36 months, see RADius Installation Manual for details
• RADius 700X: every 18 months, see RADius 700X Instruction Manual for details
43
6.3 Repairs and modifications
Repair of the RADius consists of replacement of damaged cables, replacement of the

Processing Unit, the Interrogator Unit or the transponders.
6.3.1 Repair of the RADius 1000 Processing Unit
The Processing Unit is not designed for service in the field. All repairs and modifications of
the unit, except for installation of new software versions and setup of the system, have to be
carried out by Kongsberg Seatex AS. A failed Processing Unit has to be shipped back to
Kongsberg Seatex AS for repair.
44
Blank page
45
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Drawings
7. DRAWINGS
For outline drawings of the mechanical dimensions of the different RADius parts, see the
RADius 1000 Installation Manual [1].
46
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Drawings
Blank page
47
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Appendix A – Declaration of conformity
APPENDIX A – DECLARATION OF
CONFORMITY
48
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Appendix A – Declaration of conformity
Blank page
49
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Appendix B - Transportation
APPENDIX B - TRANSPORTATION
Information on transportation for RADius 500 and RADius 700

containing Lithium batteries
The RADius 500 packaging is labelled with the following:
LITHIUM BATTERIES CONTAINED IN EQUIPMENT
CLASS 9 UN 3091 NET WT OF LITHIUM 5 GRAMS
PACKING INSTRUCTIONS 912, II
The RADius 700 packaging is labelled with the following:
LITHIUM BATTERIES CONTAINED IN EQUIPMENT
CLASS 9 UN 3091 NET WT OF LITHIUM 10 GRAMS
PACKING INSTRUCTIONS 912, II
In addition the symbol below is used:
Figure 28 Dangerous goods class 9 UN-3091

RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Appendix B - Transportation
Blank page
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Index
Index
A K
about · 35 keyboard · 23
air inlet · 43
Angle accuracy · 8
L
B latency · 4
lithium · 7
battery · 7, 10, 16, 24, 50 lithium battery · 7, 50
bearing · 17 location · 31
buttons · 28 logging of data · 34
C N
cables · 42 night display · 29
calibration · 24
cleaning · 43
Controller Unit · 22 O
operating sectors · 8, 38
D output formats · 12
Data I/O · 12
dimensions · 9 P
distance · 17
Distance accuracy · 8 performance · 8
drawings · 46 periodic maintenance · 42
drop down menus · 28 polar plot · 27
dual interrogator · 38 ports · 22
power · 10
power/connection shelf · 23
F Processing Unit · 22
failed unit · 42
FCC rules · 3 R
FM-CW · 18
frequency · 8 RADius 550X · 24
RADius 600 · 24
RADius 600X · 24
G RADius 700 · 25
RADius 700X · 25
graphical user interface · 26 Range · 8
range limits · 31
reacquire target · 28
H Repair · 44
Replacing cables · 42
RF exposure · 4, 7
hazard · 7
host system · 4
S
I
Service · 42
shut down · 40
installation · 13
software upgrades · 43
interrogator · 4
spare · 42
Interrogator Unit · 21
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Index
system configuration · 33
W
warranty · 8, 42
T
target indicator · 27
target list · 27
Z
target setup · 30
temperature · 11, 12 zoom · 29
trackball · 23
transponder · 4, 23
transponder ID · 24
RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Reader's comments
Reader's comments
Please help us to improve the quality of our documentation by returning your comments on
this manual.
Your information on any inaccuracies or omissions (with page reference):
Please see next page

RADius 1000 User's Manual, rev. 8 Reader's comments
Your suggestions for improvements:
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Please send this form to: Secretary of Research and Development

Kongsberg Seatex AS
Pirsenteret, N-7462 Trondheim, Norway
Telephone: +47 73 54 55 00
Facsimile: +47 73 51 50 20
E-mail: km.seatex@kongsberg.com

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Kongsberg Maritime

RADius 1000 User's Manual

Supplier: Kongsberg Seatex

Part no: RAD-D-USR_00

• The contents of this manual is subject to change without notice.

Copyright © 2011 by Kongsberg Seatex AS. All rights reserved.

Document ID Rev. Date Reason for revision Approved

Figure 1 RADius 1000 system, single Interrogator ................................................................. 1

• A 19-inch rack (6U)

Figure 1 RADius 1000 system, single Interrogator

Figure 2 RADius 1000 system, dual Interrogator

Triple and quad Interrogator systems are also available.

1.1 About this manual

Chapter 1 Introduction - A brief overview of this manual with references and

Chapter 2 Technical data - Presents detailed product specifications, physical dimensions,

Chapter 3 Installation - Refers to the Installation Manual.

Chapter 5 Operating instructions - Describes system operation following installation.

Chapter 6 Maintenance - Describes repair and servicing.

Chapter 7 Drawings - Refers to the Installation Manual.

In this manual the following notations are used:

WARNING! Used when it is necessary to warn personnel that a risk of injury

Note! Used to draw the reader's attention to a comment or some important

1.2 FCC information

1.2.1 FCC part 15 statement

1.2.2 FCC RF exposure compliance

Additional information to the user

1.2.3 FCC Rules Part 80 Notes

1.3 US patent information

The RADius 1000 is registered under US patent number 7,315,274.

[1] RADius 1000 Installation Manual.

1.5 Definitions, abbreviations and acronyms

host system In this manual defined as navigation computers, Dynamic Positioning

1.5.2 Abbreviations and acronyms

BCD Binary Coded Decimal

2.1 Health, environment and safety

To avoid possible fire, explosion, leakage or burn hazard do not

Caution! The RADius 500/700 batteries cannot be recharged and an attempt to do

WARNING! RF Exposure: The RADius must be mounted with a separation

The correct disposal and separate collection of your old

Until further notice is given regarding reuse, disassembly or

The equipment is marked with the following pictogram.

2.2 Restrictions in guarantee

b) Over-voltage or incorrect power connection.

2.3 Performance data

Distance accuracy: ................................................................................................. < 0.25 m (1σ)

2.4 Restrictions in use

2.5 Physical dimensions

RADius 1000 Processing Unit

Video Display Unit, 17"

RADius 1000 Interrogator Unit

RADius 500 Transponder

RADius 600 Transponder

RADius 700 Transponder

RADius Transponder Power Supply

RADius 1000 Processing Unit

Video Display Unit, 17"

RADius 1000 Interrogator Unit

RADius 500 Transponder