KINE 2P05: Lab 2 Report

Subject A and Subject B Results:

The results of Subject A (on left) and Subject B (on right) each performing 10 trials of the target accuracy
task are presented below. Use these results to calculate the absolute error, constant error, and variable
error for Subject A (Question 1) and Subject B (Question 2).
Questions: There are 5 questions to complete for this lab report.

1. Calculate absolute error (AE), constant error (CE) and variable error (VE) for Subject A using the
following table and the provided results from the target accuracy task. (3 marks)
Where: Xi = Subject A score; T = target or criterion score (100)

Trial Xi AE CE VE
|Xi – T| (Xi – T) ((Xi – T)-Average CE)2

1 92 8 -8 64

2 93 7 -7 49

3 94 6 -6 36

4 95 5 -5 25

5 96 4 -4 16

6 104 4 4 16

7 105 5 5 25

8 106 6 6 36

9 107 7 7 49

10 108 8 8 64

Sum 60 0 380

Average AE=6 CE =0 38

Square Root VE=6.2

2. Calculate absolute error (AE), constant error (CE) and variable error (VE) for Subject B using the
following table and the provided results from the target accuracy task. (3 marks)
Where: Xi = Subject B score; T = target score (100)

Trial Xi AE CE VE
|Xi – T| (Xi – T) ((Xi – T)-Average CE)2

1 92 8 -8 4

2 92 8 -8 4

3 93 7 -7 1

4 93 7 -7 1

5 94 6 -6 0

6 94 6 -6 0

7 95 5 -5 1

8 95 5 -5 1

9 96 4 -4 4

10 96 4 -4 4

Sum 60 -60 20

Average AE=6 CE =-6 2

Square Root VE=1.4

3. Using Gentile's motor skill classification system (from Lab 1), what are the environmental and action
requirements of the target accuracy task performed by Subject A and B? (2 marks)

-Stationary Regulatory Conditions

-Fixed Inter-trial Variability
-Body Stability
-Object Manipulation

In regard to environmental requirements, the task is a Stationary Regulatory Condition because

nothing the environnement is moving. The task also has Fixed Inter-trial Variability because the 1st attempt
all the way through to the 10th attempt stays the exact same. In regard to action requirements, the task has
body stability because your body never moves. The only thing that will be moving is the more dominant arm
and hand. Also, the task requires Object Manipulation because you must drop the dart onto the target (the
dart is the object that is being manipulated).

4. Based on the absolute error (AE), constant error (CE) and variable error (VE) measures calculated,
will Subject A or Subject B be more likely to hit the target? Explain your answer based on your
understanding of what type of information is provided by each of the error measures. (5 marks)

In regard to absolute error, this reflects the overall magnitude of error. When the individual has a
large AE,l it means that he or she has missed the target by a large amount. Whereas, when an individual
has a small AE, the target was missed by a smaller amount. In this case, both subjects both scored a result
of 6, meaning they both equally missed the target by a large amount and were not helpful in determining
who was more likely to hit the target. In regard to constant error, this reflects overall magnitude and direction
of error. Based on the results and calculations, Subject B has a CE of -6, meaning the individual undershot
the target and was less accurate than Subject A.Subject A had a CE of 0 meaning there is no bias. In
Subject A the individual did not overshoot or undershoot the target making them more accurate. Lastly, in
regard to variable error, this reflects consistency of the error. Subject A, has a VE of 6.2, showing that the
individual lacked consistency. Whereas for Subject B, the VE was 1.4 making Subject B more consistent
with his or her throws. With this being said, which Subject is more likely to actually hit the target. Subject A
is more likely to hit the target because although they are less consistent than Subject B with their throws,
Subject A has better accuracy than Subject B.

5. Discuss how you could practically use constant error (CE) and variable error (VE) measures to help
you assess a stroke patient’s performance on a stepping accuracy test (i.e., having to step on
footprints located on the ground) when walking. (2 marks)

Through the use of constant error and variable error, the consistency and accuracy can be easily
measured on a stroke patient’s walk performance on a stepping accuracy test. For example, if their results
conclude that they have a small CE and VE this means they have good stepping magnitude, direction and
consistency of the errors. On the contrary, if they have a large CE and VE, they have poor stepping skills
and there is room for improvement.

Total: ________ / 15 marks