PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION CHRISTINE JANE FIGUEROA

Communication Models B. Laswell’s Communication Model

A model is often abstract. It is a representation of a real world phenomenon applied In 1948, Harold Dwight Laswell described communication as being focused on the
to different forms. The interplay of variables in the model is represented following:
graphically. It is only by knowing the flow of communication that you will be able to
make the communication process effective. Communication Models serve as a
guide in a communication process. It serves as a directory of communication to
identify problems. Communication models evolved through the years and experts
have made the process more detailed and updated. Each components of the
communication process has a particular function in the model of communication.

Conceptual Models for Human Communication

A. Aristotle’s Model The whole process of communication begins with the communicator (who) sending
out a message (what) using a medium (in which channel) for a receiver (to whom)
Aristotle emphasized three variables in the communication process; speaker, experiencing an effect (with what effect) afterwards.
speech, and audience.
Examples:

1. Watching television news or television programs

2. Listening to a radio drama

3. Listening to someone who is talking about presidential candidates

The speaker variable here is very important. Without the speaker, there will be no C. Shannon-Weaver’s Communication Model
speech to be produced.
This model was introduced by Claude Elwood Shannon and Warren Weaver in
Aristotle further explained that the speaker must adjust his/her speech according 1949.
to his/her audience’s demographics such as, age, sex, background, culture, race,
religion, gender, social and economic status, and political orientation, among
others. Even beliefs, views, and attitudes also play an important role when talking
about audience consideration sine oftentimes, the audience bring these with them
when they decode message in any given situation.

Examples:

1. Speech delivered in speaking contests (e.g. oration, poem recital, declamation)

2. Speech during election campaigns

3. Speech during graduation rites/ceremonies

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Originally this model was conceptualized for the functioning of the radio and 2. Demonstrating how to use a handy vacuum cleaner
television serving as model for technical communication and later on, adopted in
3. Presenting a weather bulletin.
the field of communication. In this model, other components such as noise,
reception, destination, and feedback have been identified.

Examples:

1. Talking with a DJ on a radio program

2. Attending and participating in a synchronous/online class

3. Having a phone call with a friend

D. Berlo’s Communication Model

David Berlo’s model, conceptualized in 1960, is probably the most well-known

among the communication models. It was called SMCR which stands for sender of
the message, sent through a channel or medium to a receiver. However, it was
modified later on to include noise, hence the acronym SMCRN.

The source being the originator of the message acts as the encoder. As such, the
encoder should practice communication skills such as listening, speaking, reading,
and writing. The message includes: content; elements such as language used and
gestures employed; treatment of manner by which the message is transmitted; and
structure which refers to the arrangement of parts of flowof the message.

The channel refers to the different senses: seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, and
touching. The receiver is the one who decodes the message.

Examples:

1. Teaching science experiments in front of students

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SOCIAL MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION

Social Media - websites and applications that enable users to create and share
content or to participate in social networking. Netizens is a term for group of people
users of social media.

DOS AND DON’TS IN USING SOCIAL MEDIA

1. Secure a password for yourself – do not share, add a security question features.

2. Avoid too much public posting that can cause cybercrimes against you.

3. Use own profile photos and identity.

4. Use controlled post.

5. Add friends you know or known by your friend.

6. Read terms and conditions before creating an account

7. Use one account with interconnection privileges.

E-MAIL (ELECTRONIC MAIL)

Electronic Mails- commonly used term as E-mails are technology tools used to send
files such as large scale files of documents and purposeful transactions. This is used
in formal settings like Job Application, bills payments and Business Communication
purposes. Nowadays, Social medias such as Facebook and Instagram have links
encrypted in Emails for security purposes.

USES OF ELECTRONIC MAILS

1. Use for formal transactions such as sending technical documents (certificates,

invitations, cheques or resumes).
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2. Use for large capacity of files sending (1 Gigabyte+), such as movies and music
apps.
3. Short-term safe keep of files (will expire if account is inactive for six months).
4. Private and local or international communications.
5. Formal communication settings such as bank transactions, bill payments, and
business notifications.
VLOGGING
Video Blogs/ Vlogs – in the same rate is like TV hosting where you are the host of
your own video clip, these are video clips with concepts and ideas that are uploaded
in social media like YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and others. Blogging in a
YouTube Channel – Creating a YouTube account and channel creates opportunities
for creative people by posting blogs/vlogs. • Create a YouTube account. • Upload a
video and customize the settings • Control privacy settings • Manage your albums
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RESPONSIBLE NETIZENS (RESPONSIBLE SOCIAL MEDIA USERS)
Nowadays, in the 21st Century setting, social media is a part of living as a basis of
communication. Using Social Media Requires good moral and values likewise in
dealing in real world
POWERPOINT PRESENTATION- AID FOR ACADEMIC REPORTING
Power Point- A technology Tool use in communication, specifically in presenting
ideas thru Academically, Business and other areas. This Microsoft feature allows the
user in creating a presentation using applications of presentation such as slides and
projection. Nowadays, power point presentation is widely used as a communication
tool for various purposes.
GUIDELINES IN CREATING POWERPOINT PRESENTATION
1. Check the overhead projectors compatibility to your laptop, check the HDMI or
manual socket if fits.
2. Create your title slide perfectly.
3. Use ideal font text visible to the eyes. Arial narrow is considered as standard.
4. Type only the details, use bullets. Do not copy paste the whole thing.
5. Insert pictures (can be a background or inserted).
6. Insert audio or video only in one slide. The audio or video file should be copy
paste also along the PP file.
7. Create a cover page (sometimes, you can use it for certificates or posters).
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8. Customize navigation and transition.
9. Upload it in social media such as slide share or just save in own inbox.
10. Use scanned photos for realistic reports.
11. Use citation: name of author, book name, websites, publishers and year.
12. One idea per slide.
13. Use contrast – dark background if lighted rooms and light background for darker
rooms.
14. One design for the whole presentation (formal or informal).
15. Do not do over animations. Stick to two or three.
CYBER CRIME LAW [REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10175] Enacted on September 12, 2012
An act defining cybercrime, providing for the prevention, investigation, suppression
and the imposition of penalties therefor and for other purposes.
FACTS ABOUT CYBER CRIME LAW OF THE PHILIPPINES
1. Act known as the ―Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012‖.
2. Providing an environment conducive to the development, acceleration, and
rational application and exploitation of information and communications
technology (ICT).
3. To attain free, easy, and intelligible access to exchange and/or delivery of
information.
4. The need to protect and safeguard the integrity of computer, computer and
communications systems, networks, and databases, and the confidentiality,
integrity, and availability of information and data stored therein, from all forms of
misuse, abuse, and illegal access by making punishable under the law such conduct
or conducts.
5. Cyber refers to a computer or a computer network, the electronic medium in
which online communication takes place.
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6. Interception refers to listening to, recording, monitoring or surveillance of the
content of communications, including procuring of the content of data, either
directly, through access and use of a computer system or indirectly, through the use
of electronic eavesdropping or tapping devices, at the same time that the
communication is occurring.
7. Cyber security refers to the collection of tools, policies, risk management
approaches, actions, training, best practices, assurance and technologies that can
be used to protect the cyber environment and organization and user’s assets.
8. Illegal Access. – The access to the whole or any part of a computer system
without right.
9. Cyber-squatting. – The acquisition of a domain name over the internet in bad
faith to profit, mislead, destroy reputation, and deprive others from registering the
same.
10. Computer-related Forgery.
11. Misuse of Devices.
12. Computer-related Fraud.
13. Computer-related Identity Theft.
14. Cybersex.
15. Child Pornography.
16. Any person found guilty of any of the punishable acts enumerated in Sections
4(a) and 4(b) of this Act shall be punished with imprisonment of prison mayor or a
fine of at least Two hundred thousand pesos (PhP200, 000.00) up to a maximum
amount commensurate to the damage incurred or both.
17. Real-Time Collection of Traffic Data. — Law enforcement authorities, with due
cause, shall be authorized to collect or record by technical or electronic means
traffic data in real-time associated with specified communications transmitted by
means of a computer system.