Physika LB SE3 GS-LS 2022/2023

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Exercise Chapter 10 Part-A RC series circuit under constant and square signal

Charging of a capacitor: K B
Consider the adjacent circuit consist of:
+
 an ideal battery of electromotive force E; E +
R
 a resistor of resistance R; –
q D
 a capacitor of capacitance C, initially uncharged; C
 a switch K.
A
Ph
Switch K is closed at t0 = 0,
At an instant t, the capacitor is charged by q and the circuit carries a current i.
1) Name the phenomenon that takes place.
2) Redraw the circuit showing the direction of the current.
3) An oscilloscope displays the voltage uBD across the resistor on channel Y1 , and the voltage uDA =
ys
uC across the capacitor on channel Y2 , the « INV » button of channel Y2 being pressed. Why did we
push in the knob «Inv»?
4) Redraw the circuit showing the connections of the oscilloscope displaying the voltages 𝑢𝐶 and 𝑢𝑅 .
5) Write the expression of the current i in terms of q.
6) Deduce the expression of i in terms of the capacitance C and the voltage uC.
ik
7) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage, uDA = uC , across the
capacitor.
−𝑡
8) Verify that the solution of this differential equation is 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) .
aL
t

Or The solution of the obtained differential equation is of the form: uC = E (1 – e  ), where τ is

constant. Determine the expression of τ in terms of R and C.
  
t

Or The solution of this differential equation is: u C  D1  e  . Determine the expressions of


 

the constants D and  in terms of E, R and C.

Or The solution of this differential equation has the form of: uC = A + B e D t . Determine the constants
B
A, B and D in terms of E, R and C.
9) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the expression of the voltage uC in terms of E.
10) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of the voltage uC in terms of E.
11) Verify that the capacitor becomes practically fully charged at t = 5 RC.

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12) Referring to the graph of uC = f(t) of the adjacent
document: Determine the value of .
13) Deduce the value of the value of the capacitance if the
resistance R = 200 Ω.
𝑑𝑢C
14) determine ⃒t=0
𝑑𝑡

From the differential equation of uC

𝑡
Or from the solution uC = E(1-𝑒 − 𝜏 ).
Or Graphiclally
15) Determine the expression of the current i as a function of time t.
Ph
16) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the value of the current i.
or Determine the maximum value of the current I.
17) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of the current i in terms of E and R. deduce its
value.
18) Deduce the value of the current i in steady state.
ys
19) Sktetch i as function of t.
𝑑𝑖
20) Determine 𝑑𝑡⃒t=0

from the solution i

Or Graphiclally
ik
21) Determine the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR as a function of time t.
−𝑡
Or if 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ). Deduce the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR as a function of

time t.
aL
22) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR.
or Determine the maximum value of the current uR.
23) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of uR in terms of E.
24) Deduce the value of the uR in steady state.
25) Sktetch uR as function of t.
𝑑𝑢𝑅
26) Determine ⃒t=0
𝑑𝑡
B
from the solution uR
Or Graphiclally
−𝑡
27) If 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ). Determine the expression of the charge q as a function of time t.

28) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of q in terms of E and C.

29) Deduce the value of the uR in steady state.
or Determine the maximum value of q.
30) Sktetch q as function of t.

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 𝑑𝑞
31) Determine ⃒t=0
𝑑𝑡

from the solution q

Or Graphiclally
32) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the current i as function of time.
33) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage uR as function of time.
34) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the q as function of time.
35) A capacitor of capacitance 5000 μF is charged under a voltage of 12 V. Calculate the accumulated
charge and the energy stored in this capacitor.
Ph
Discharging of a capacitor:
K B
Consider the fully charged capacitor in the adjacent circuit, switch K is closed at
new t0 = 0, +
At an instant t, the capacitor is charged by q and the circuit carries a current i. R
ys
36) Name the phenomenon that takes place. q D
C
37) Write the expression of the current i in terms of q.
38) Deduce the expression of i in terms of the capacitance C and the voltage uC. Doc. 5 A
39) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage, uDA = uC , across the
ik
capacitor.
𝑡
40) Verify that the solution of this differential equation is 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 .
𝑡
Or The solution of the obtained differential equation is of the form: uC = E 𝑒 −𝑇 ,where τ is constant.
Determine the expression of τ in terms of R and C.
aL
41) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the expression of the voltage uC in terms of E.
42) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of the voltage uC in terms of E.
43) Verify that the capacitor becomes practically fully discharged at t = 5 RC.
44) Sketch uC
𝑑𝑢C
45) determine ⃒t=0 Graphiclally
𝑑𝑡

46) Determine the expression of the current i as a function of time t.

B
47) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the value of the current i.
or Determine the maximum value of the current I.
48) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of the current i in terms of E and R.
49) Deduce the value of the current i in steady state.
50) Sktetch i as function of t.
𝑑𝑖
51) Determine 𝑑𝑡⃒t=0

from the solution i

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Or Graphiclally
52) Determine the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR as a function of time t.
−𝑡
Or if 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ). Deduce the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR as a function of

time t.
53) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR.
or Determine the maximum value of the current uR.
54) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of uR in terms of E.
55) Deduce the value of the uR in steady state.
56) Sktetch uR as function of t.
Ph
𝑑𝑢𝑅
57) Determine ⃒t=0
𝑑𝑡

from the solution uR

Or Graphiclally
𝑡
58) If 𝑢𝐶 = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 . Determine the expression of the charge q as
ys
a function of time t.
59) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of q in terms
of E and C.
60) Deduce the value of the uR in steady state.
61) Sktetch q as function of t.
ik
𝑑𝑞
62) Determine ⃒t=0 Graphiclally
𝑑𝑡

63) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the current i as function of time.
64) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage uR as function of time.
aL
65) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the q as
function of time.

RC series circuit under square signal voltage

Consider the electric circuit, includes a resistor of resistance R, a
capacitor of capacitance C, and a low frequency generator (LFG)
delivering square signal voltage. Such that; Square signal: It is a periodic
B
signal which takes a constant maximum value during one half-period, and is zero in the second half.
66) The waveform of uAM represents the “image” of the current i. Why?
67) During discharging the curve uR or i is negative. Why?

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Charging of a capacitor: K B
Consider the adjacent circuit consist of:
 an ideal battery of electromotive force E; +
 a resistor of resistance R; E +
R
 a capacitor of capacitance C, initially uncharged; –
 a switch K. q D
Switch K is closed at t0 = 0, C
At an instant t, the capacitor is charged by q and the circuit carries a current i.
1) Name the phenomenon that takes place. A
Ans: Charging of a capacitor
2) Redraw the circuit showing the direction of the current.
Ans: on the figure
K i B Y1
Ph
3) An oscilloscope displays the voltage uBD across the resistor on channel Y1
, and the voltage uDA = uC across the capacitor on channel Y2 , the « INV »
button of channel Y2 being pressed. Why did we push in the knob «Inv»? +
Ans: To display uDA and not uAD E +
R
4) Redraw the circuit showing the connections of the oscilloscope displaying –
the voltages 𝑢𝐶 and 𝑢𝑅 . q D
Ans: on the figure C
5) Write the expression of the current i in terms of q.
ys
dq A Y2
Ans: i 
dt
6) Deduce the expression of i in terms of the capacitance C and the voltage uC.
du
Ans: q  Cu C so i  C C
dt
7) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage, uDA = uC , across the
ik
capacitor.
dq du
Ans: Apply law of addition of voltage uBA = uBD + uDA , then E = Ri + uC where i = dt = C dtC
duC
Then , E = RC + uC
dt
−𝑡
8) Verify that the solution of this differential equation is 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) .
aL
−𝑡 du C 𝐸 −𝑡
Ans: u C = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ), then = 𝑅𝐶 𝑒 𝑅𝐶
dt
−𝑡 −𝑡 −𝑡 −𝑡
duC 𝐸
RC + uC = RC 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 + 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) = 𝐸 (𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) + E - 𝐸 (𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) = E verified
dt 𝑅𝐶
t

Or The solution of the obtained differential equation is of the form: uC = E (1 – e  ), where τ is

constant. Determine the expression of τ in terms of R and C.
t t du C E t
Ans: u C = E (1 – e  ) = E – E e− τ, then = e
dt 
B
du C
Replacing uC and by their expressions in the differential equation, gives:
dt
E t t t
RC
E = RC e + E – E e , then E e  (

–1) = 0
 
t
RC
Ee 
= 0 is rejected Then, ( –1) = 0; therefore,  = RC


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   
t

Or The solution of this differential equation is: u C  D1  e  . Determine the expressions of


 
the constants D and  in terms of E, R and C.
  
t
du C
t
 1   D 
t

Ans: u C  D 1  e   then  D  e  e
  dt   
 
du
Replace u C and C by their expressions in the differential equation.
dt
t t
D   
We get: RC e  D  De  E Ɐt 

t
RC 
D(  1)e   D  E  0 Ɐt

Ph
Comparing, we get: D-E=0 then D=E
 RC 
  1  0 then τ = RC
  
Or The solution of this differential equation has the form of: uC = A + B e D t . Determine the constants
A, B and D in terms of E, R and C.
d uc
Ans: uC = A + B eD t , so = BD eDt , substitute in the differential equation
dt
ys
A + B eD t E
BD eDt + R C
=R C , then RC B D eDt + A + BeDt = E
BeDt (RC D + 1) + A = E.

A = E ; and BeDt (RC D + 1) = 0. But BeDt = 0 is rejected,

1
then (R C D + 1) = 0 , thus D = - R C .
At to = 0 , uC = 0= A + B eD t , so 0 = A + B , then B = - A, therefore B = - E .
ik
9) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the expression of the voltage uC in terms of E.
 
Ans: At t = 0 ; uC  E 1  e 0  E 1  1  0  
10) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of the voltage uC in terms of E.
aL
  

Ans: At t =  ; u C  E1  e    E1  e 1   0,63E
 
11) Verify that the capacitor becomes practically fully charged at t = 5 RC.
− 5 RC
At t = 5 RC: uC = E (1 – e R C ) = E (1 - e−5 ), then uC = 0.99 E. Therefore, the capacitor becomes
practically fully charged at t = 5 R C.

12) Referring to the graph of uC = f(t) of

the adjacent document: Determine the
B
value of .
Ans: At t =  ;
uC = 0.63E = 0.63 x 8 = 5.04 V  5 V
from the graph we get :  = 2 s
13) Deduce the value of the value of the
capacitance if the resistance R = 200 Ω.
2
Ans: = RC then C= /R = 200 = 10-2 F

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 𝑑𝑢C
14) determine 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0
From the differential equation of uC
𝑑𝑢C 𝑢C 𝐸 𝑑𝑢C 𝐸
Ans: 𝑑𝑡 + = at t= 0, uC = 0 so ⃒t=0 =
𝑅𝐶 𝑅𝐶 𝑑𝑡 𝑅𝐶
𝑡
Or from the solution uC = E(1-𝑒 − 𝜏 ).
𝑡 𝑡
𝑑𝑢C 𝐸 𝑑𝑢C 𝐸 𝐸
Ans: uC = E(1-𝑒 − 𝜏 ) then 𝑑𝑡 = τ 𝑒 − 𝜏 So 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0 = τ 𝑒 0 = 𝑅𝐶
Or Graphiclally
𝑑𝑢C 𝐸 𝐸
Ans: 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0 = slope of the tangent to the curve at (t=0) = tan  = =
τ 𝑅𝐶

15) Determine the expression of the current i as a function of time t.

t t t
du E  E  E 
Ans: i  C C  C e   C e  e
Ph
dt  RC R
16) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the value of the current i.
or Determine the maximum value of the current I.
𝐸 𝐸 8
Ans: At t = 0 ; i = 𝑅 𝑒 0 = 𝑅 = 200 = 0.04 A then I = 0.04 A
17) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of the current i in terms of E and R. deduce its
value.
𝐸 𝐸 𝐸
Ans: At t =  ; i = 𝑒 −/ = 𝑒 −1 = 0.367 then i = 0.0147 A
ys
𝑅 𝑅 𝑅
18) Deduce the value of the current i in steady state.

E  E
Ans: at steady state: t =  ; i  e    0  0 A
R R
19) Sktetch i as function of t.
Ans: figure
𝑑𝑖
20) Determine 𝑑𝑡⃒t=0
ik
from the solution i
𝑡 𝑡
𝑑𝑖 Im 𝑑𝑖 Im Im 𝐸
Ans: i = Im 𝑒 − 𝜏 then 𝑑𝑡 = - τ 𝑒 − 𝜏 So 𝑑𝑡⃒t=0 = - τ 𝑒 0 = - 𝑅𝐶 = - 𝑅2𝐶
Or Graphiclally
𝑑𝑖 𝐸/𝑅 𝐸
Ans: 𝑑𝑡⃒t=0 = slope of the tangent to the curve at (t=0) = tan  = - τ = - 𝑅2𝐶
aL
21) Determine the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR as a function of time t.
𝑡 𝑡
𝐸
Ans: uR = Ri = R 𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶
𝑅
−𝑡
Or if 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ). Deduce the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR as a function of
time t.
−𝑡 𝑡
Ans: uR + uC= E then uR = E - uC = E - 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶
22) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR.
B
or Determine the maximum value of the current uR.
𝑡
Ans: At t = 0 ; uR = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 = E𝑒 0 = E
23) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of uR in terms of E.
Ans: At t = ; uR = E𝑒 −1 = 0.367 E
24) Deduce the value of the uR in steady state.

Ans: at steady state: t =  ; uR = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 = E𝑥0 = 0 V
25) Sktetch uR as function of t.
Ans: figure

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 𝑑𝑢𝑅
26) Determine 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0
from the solution uR
𝑡 𝑡
𝑑𝑢R 𝐸 𝑑𝑢C 𝐸 𝐸
Ans: uR = E𝑒 − 𝜏 then = - τ 𝑒 − 𝜏 So 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0 = - τ 𝑒 0 = - 𝑅𝐶
𝑑𝑡
Or Graphiclally
duR E E
Ans: dt ⃒t=0 = slope of the tangent to the curve at (t=0) = tan  = - τ = - RC

−𝑡
27) If 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ). Determine the expression of the charge q as a function
of time t.
𝑡
Ans: q= CuC = CE(1-𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 )
28) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of q in terms of E and C.
Ans: At t = ; q= CuC = CE(1-𝑒 −1 ) = 0.63 CE
Ph
29) Deduce the value of the uR in steady state.
or Determine the maximum value of q.
Ans: at steady state: t =  ; q = CE(1-𝑒 − ) = CE(1-0) = CE then Qm = CE.
30) Sktetch q as function of t.
Ans: figure
𝑑𝑞
31) Determine 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0
from the solution q
ys
𝑡 𝑡
𝑑𝑞 Qm 𝑑𝑞 Qm Qm 𝐸
Ans: q= Qm (1-𝑒 − 𝜏 ) then 𝑑𝑡 = τ 𝑒 − 𝜏 So 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0 = τ 𝑒 0 = 𝑅𝐶 = 𝑅
Or Graphiclally
𝑑𝑞 𝐶𝐸 𝐸
Ans: 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0 = slope of the tangent to the curve at (t=0) = tan  = =
τ 𝑅

32) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the current i as function of time.
ik
Ans: Apply Law of addition of voltages: uR + uC = uG where uR =Ri and q=CuC
𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑑𝑖 1 𝑑𝑞
Ri + 𝐶 = E where i = Derive with respect to time R + 𝑑𝑡 = 0
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝐶
𝑑𝑖 𝑖 𝑑𝑖 𝑖
R𝑑𝑡+ 𝐶 = 0 then 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑅𝐶 = 0
aL
33) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage uR as function of time.
Ans: Law of addition of voltages: uR + uC = uG where q=CuC
𝑞 𝑑𝑞
uR + 𝐶 = E where i = 𝑑𝑡 Derive with respect to time
𝑑𝑢R 1 𝑑𝑞 𝑑𝑢R 𝑖 𝑑𝑢R 𝑅𝑖 𝑑𝑢R uR
+ = 0 then + = 0 then + = 0 so + =0
𝑑𝑡 𝐶 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝐶 𝑑𝑡 𝑅𝐶 𝑑𝑡 𝑅𝐶

34) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the q as function of time.
Ans: Law of addition of voltages: uR + uC = uG
𝑑𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑞 𝐸
Ri + uC = E Where i = and q=CuC then R 𝑑𝑡 + 𝐶 = E so + 𝑅𝐶 = 𝑅
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
B
35) A capacitor of capacitance 5000 μF is charged under a voltage of 12 V. Calculate the accumulated
charge and the energy stored in this capacitor.
Ans: Accumulated charge: Q = CV = 5000x 0-6x12 = 6 x 10-2 C.
Stored energy: W = 1/2 QV = 1/2x(6x10-2)x12 = 36x10-2 J.

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Discharging of a capacitor:
Consider the fully charged capacitor in the adjacent circuit, switch K is closed at K
new t0 = 0, B
At an instant t, the capacitor is charged by q and the circuit carries a current i. +
36) Name the phenomenon that takes place.
Ans: discharging of a capacitor R
37) Write the expression of the current i in terms of q.
q D
dq C
Ans: i  
dt
38) Deduce the expression of i in terms of the capacitance C and the voltage uC. Doc. 5 A
duC
Ans: q  Cu C so i  C
dt
39) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage, uDA = uC , across the
Ph
capacitor.
du
Ans: Apply law of addition of voltage uBA = uBD + uDA , then 0 = − Ri + uC where i = −C dtC
duC
Then , RC + uC = 0
dt
𝑡
40) Verify that the solution of this differential equation is 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 .
𝑡 du C 𝐸 −𝑡
Ans: u C = 𝐸 𝑒−𝑅𝐶 then = - 𝑅𝐶 𝑒 𝑅𝐶
dt
ys
−𝑡 𝑡 −𝑡 −𝑡
duC 𝐸
RC + uC = - RC𝑅𝐶 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 + 𝐸𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 = −𝐸 (𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) + 𝐸 (𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) = 0 verified
dt
𝑡
Or The solution of the obtained differential equation is of the form: uC = E 𝑒 −𝑇 ,where τ is constant.
Determine the expression of τ in terms of R and C.
−
t du C E t
Ans: u C = E e , then
τ =- e
dt 
ik
du C
Replacing uC and by their expressions in the differential equation, gives:
dt
E t t t
RC
-RC e + E e  = 0 , then E e  ( –1) = 0
 
aL
t
RC
E e  = 0 is rejected Then, ( –1) = 0; therefore,  = RC


41) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the expression of the voltage uC in terms of E.

Ans: At t = 0 ; uC  Ee 0   E1   E
42) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of the voltage uC in terms of E.
  
Ans: At t =  ; uC  E e   E e 1   0,37E
 
B
43) Verify that the capacitor becomes practically fully discharged at t = 5 RC.
− 5 RC
At t = 5 RC: uC = E ( e R C ) = E (e−5 ), then uC = 0.006 E. Therefore, the capacitor becomes
practically fully discharged at t = 5 R C.
44) Sketch uC
Ans: the figure
𝑑𝑢C
45) determine ⃒t=0 Graphiclally
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑢C 𝐸 𝐸
Ans: ⃒t=0 = slope of the tangent to the curve at (t=0) = tan  = - =-
𝑑𝑡 τ 𝑅𝐶

Done by Ruslan Shallak Page 9 of 11

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2022
46) Determine the expression of the current i as a function of time t.
t t t
duC E  E  E 
Ans: i  C  C e  C e  e
dt  RC R
47) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the value of the current i.
or Determine the maximum value of the current I.
𝐸 𝐸
Ans: At t = 0 ; i = 𝑅 𝑒 0 = 𝑅
48) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of the current i in terms of E and R.
𝐸 𝐸 𝐸
Ans: At t =  ; i = 𝑅 𝑒 −/ = 𝑅 𝑒 −1 = 0.367𝑅
49) Deduce the value of the current i in steady state.

E  E
Ans: at steady state: t =  ; i  e    0  0 A
R R
Ph
50) Sktetch i as function of t.
Ans: figure
𝑑𝑖
51) Determine 𝑑𝑡⃒t=0
from the solution i
𝑡 𝑡
𝑑𝑖 Im 𝑑𝑖 Im Im 𝐸
Ans: i = Im 𝑒 − 𝜏 then = - 𝑒 − 𝜏 So ⃒t=0 = - 𝑒 0 = - = - 𝑅2𝐶
𝑑𝑡 τ 𝑑𝑡 τ 𝑅𝐶
Or Graphiclally
𝑑𝑖 𝐸/𝑅 𝐸
Ans: 𝑑𝑡⃒t=0 = slope of the tangent to the curve at (t=0) = tan  = - τ = - 𝑅2𝐶
ys
52) Determine the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR as a function of time t.
𝑡 𝑡
𝐸
Ans: uR = Ri = R𝑅 𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶
−𝑡
Or if 𝑢𝐶 = 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ). Deduce the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR as a function of
ik
time t.
−𝑡 𝑡
Ans: uR + uC= E then uR = E - uC = E - 𝐸 (1 − 𝑒 𝑅𝐶 ) = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶
53) Determine, at the instant t = 0, the expression of the voltage across the resistor uR.
or Determine the maximum value of the current uR.
𝑡
aL
Ans: At t = 0 ; uR = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 = E𝑒 0 = E
54) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of uR in terms of E.
Ans: At t = ; uR = E𝑒 −1 = 0.367 E
55) Deduce the value of the uR in steady state.

Ans: at steady state: t =  ; uR = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 = E𝑥0 = 0 V
56) Sktetch uR as function of t.
Ans: figure
𝑑𝑢𝑅
57) Determine 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0
from the solution uR
B
𝑡 𝑡
𝑑𝑢R 𝐸 𝑑𝑢C 𝐸 𝐸
Ans: uR = E𝑒 − 𝜏 then 𝑑𝑡 = - τ 𝑒 − 𝜏 So 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0 = - τ 𝑒 0 = - 𝑅𝐶
Or Graphiclally
duR E E
Ans: dt ⃒t=0 = slope of the tangent to the curve at (t=0) = tan  = - τ = - RC

𝑡
58) If 𝑢𝐶 = E𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 . Determine the expression of the charge q as a function of time t.
𝑡
Ans: q= CuC = CE(1-𝑒 −𝑅𝐶 )
59) Determine, at the instant t = , the expression of q in terms of E and C.
Ans: At t = ; q= CuC = CE(𝑒 −1 ) = 0.37 CE

Done by Ruslan Shallak Page 10 of 11

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2022
60) Deduce the value of the uR in steady state.
Ans: at steady state: t =  ; q = CE(𝑒 − ) = CE(0) = 0 then Qm
61) Sktetch q as function of t.
Ans: figure
𝑑𝑞
62) Determine 𝑑𝑡 ⃒t=0 Graphiclally
𝑑𝑞 𝐶𝐸 𝐸
Ans: ⃒t=0 = slope of the tangent to the curve at (t=0) = tan  = - =-𝑅
𝑑𝑡 τ

63) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the current
i as function of time.
Ans: Law of addition of voltages: uAB(R) + uBA(C) = 0 where uBA(C) = - uC
𝑞
uR - uC = 0 where uR =Ri and q=CuC then Ri - 𝐶 = 0
Ph
𝑞 𝑑𝑖 1 𝑑𝑞 𝑑𝑞
Ri = 𝐶 Derive with respect to time R𝑑𝑡 = 𝐶 𝑑𝑡 where i = - 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑖 𝑖 𝑑𝑖 𝑖
R𝑑𝑡+ 𝐶 = 0 so 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑅𝐶 = 0

64) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the voltage uR as function of time.
Ans: Law of addition of voltages: uAB(R) + uBA(C) = 0 where uBA(C) = - uC
𝑞
uR - uC = 0 where q=CuC then uR - 𝐶 = 0
𝑞 𝑑𝑢R 1 𝑑𝑞 𝑑𝑞
uR = Derive with respect to time = 𝐶 𝑑𝑡 Where i = -
ys
𝐶 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑢R 𝑖 𝑑𝑢R 𝑅𝑖 𝑑𝑢R uR
+ 𝐶 = 0 then 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑅𝐶 = 0 so 𝑑𝑡 + 𝑅𝐶 = 0
𝑑𝑡
65) Derive the differential equation that governs the variation of the q as function of time.
Ans: Law of addition of voltages:
𝑑𝑞
uAB(R) + uBA(C) = 0 where uR = Ri and uBA(C) = - uC then Ri - uC = 0 Where i = - 𝑑𝑡 and q=CuC
𝑑𝑞 𝑞 𝑑𝑞 𝑞
R 𝑑𝑡 - = 0 so R 𝑑𝑡 + =0
ik
𝐶 𝐶

RC series circuit under square signal voltage

Consider the electric circuit, includes a resistor of resistance R, a
capacitor of capacitance C, and a low frequency generator (LFG)
aL
delivering square signal voltage. Such that; Square signal: It is a
periodic signal which takes a constant maximum value during one
half-period, and is zero in the second half.

66) The waveform of uAM represents the “image” of the current i.

Why?
Ans: uAM= Ri then i = uAM/cte so the curve of uAM represents the
image of i.
B
67) During discharging the curve uR or i is negative. Why?
Ans: During discharging:
uAM(R) + uMB(C) = 0
uAM(R) = - uMB(C)

Done by Ruslan Shallak Page 11 of 11

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2022