Index¼vuqØef.

kdk½
Page¼i`’B½

Section I [kaM I

Inland Waterways Authority of India : 3-19

Act,1985

Hkkjrh; varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k : 59-74

vf/kfu;e]1985
Section II [kaM II

Prevention of Collision on National : 20-32

Waterways Regulations, 2002

jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij VDdj fuokj.k fofu;e] 2002 : 75-89

Section III [kaM III

National Waterways, Safety of Navigation : 33-53

and Shipping Regulations, 2002

jk’Vªh; tyekxZ] ukSifjogu vkSj iksr ifjogu dh : 90-109

lqj{kk fofu;e] 2002

Section IV [kaM IV
Inland Waterways Authority of India : 54-58
(Classification of Inland Waterways in
India) Regulations, 2006

Hkkjrh; varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k¼Hkkjr esa : 110-113

varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ dk oxhZdj.k½ fofu;e] 2006

1
 FOREWORD
IWAI has brought out a compilation of the Inland Waterways
Authority of India Act, 1985 and the navigational regulations made
thereunder viz; (i) Prevention of Collision on National Waterways
Regulations, 2002 (ii) National Waterways, safety of Navigation
and Shipping Regulations, 2002 and (iii) Inland Waterways
Authority of India (Classification of Inland Waterways in India)
Regulations, 2006 in a handy book form. Navigational safety on
Inland Waterways is of paramount importance, more so when traffic
on the National Waterways is poised for an exponential growth in the
coming years. I am sure that this compilation would help generate
awareness on issues of navigational safety and would be useful to
all the stakeholders in using the IWT mode of transportation. We
would welcome feedback or suggestions on this subject.

Bhupinder Prasad
Chairperson
çkDdFku
Hkk0 v0 t0 izk0 us Hkkjrh; vUrns”Z kh; tyekxZ çkf/kdj.k ¼Hkk0v0t0izk0½
vf/kfu;e] 1985 vkSj ukSpkyu lac/a kh fofu;e ds rgr cus (i) jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij
VDdj fuokj.k fofu;e] 2002 (ii) jk’Vªh; tyekxZ] ukSifjogu vkSj iksr ifjogu dh
lqj{kk fofu;e] 2002 ,oa (iii) Hkkjrh; varns”Z kh; tyekxZ çkf/kdj.k ¼Hkkjr esa varns”Z kh;
tyekxZ dk oxhZdj.k½ fofu;e] 2006 ds ladyu dk çdk”ku NksVh iqLrd ds :i esa
fd;k gSA vUrns”Z kh; tyekxksZa ij ukSpkyu lac/a kh lqj{kk lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ gS] fo”ks’kdj
tcfd vkus okys o’kkaZs esa jk’Vªh; tyekxksZa ij ;krk;kr esa vR;f/kd o`f) gksuk vo”;EHkkoh
gSA eq>s fo”okl gS fd ;g ladyu ukSpkyu lac/a kh lqj{kk ds ekeyksa esa tkx:drk QSykus
esa lgk;d gksus ds lkFk&lkFk v0t0i0 ifjogu lk/ku dk mi;ksx djus okys lHkh “ks;j
/kkjdksa ds fy, Hkh mi;ksxh fl) gksxkA bl fo’k; ij izkIr gksus okys lq>koksa dk ge
Lokxr djsx a As
HkqfiUnj izlkn
v/;{k

2
 SECTION - I
THE INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF
INDIA ACT, 1985
No. 82 OF 1985
(30TH December, 1985)
An Act to provide for the constitution of an Authority for the
regulation and development of inland waterways for purposes of
shipping and navigation and for matters connected therewith or
incidental thereto.
Be it enacted by Parliament in the Thirty-sixth Year of the Republic
of India as follows:-
Chapter – I
Preliminary
1. (1) This Act may be called the Inland Waterways Authority Short title and
of India Act, 1985. commencement.
(2) It shall come into force on such date as the Central
Government may, by notification in the Official
Gazette, appoint.
2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires- Definitions
(a) "appurtenant land" means all lands appurtenant to
national waterway, whether demarcated or not;
(b) "Authority" means the Inland Waterways Authority
of India constituted under section 3;
(c) "Channel" means any waterway, whether natural or
artificial;
(d) "conservancy' includes dredging training, closure,
diversion or abandoning channels;
(e) "conservancy measures" means measures for
purposes of conservancy, but does not include
measures for protection of banks against floods or
for restricting banks which have become eroded
mainly on account of reasons not connected with
shipping and navigation;
(f) "infrastructure" includes structures such as docks,
wharves, jetties, landing stages, locks, buoys,
inland ports, cargo handling equipment, road
and rail access and cargo storage spaces, and
the expression" infrastructure facilities" shall be
construed accordingly;
(g) "member" means a member of the Authority
appointed under sub-section (3) of section 3;
(h) "national waterway" means the inland waterway
declared by section 2 of the National Waterway

3
 (Allahabad-Haldia Stretch of the Ganga-Bhagirathi-
Hooghly River) Act, 1982, to be a national
waterway.
Explanation-If Parliament declares by law any other
waterway to be a national waterway, then from the
date on which such declaration takes effect, such
other waterway-
(i) Shall be deemed also to be a national
waterway within the meaning of this clause;
and
(ii) the provisions of this Act shall, with necessary
modifications (including modifications
for construing any reference to the
commencement of this Act as a reference to
the date aforesaid), apply to such national
waterway;
(i) "navigable channel" means a channel navigable
during the whole or a part of the year;
(j) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under
this Act;
(k) "regulations" means regulations made by the
Authority under this Act; and
(l) "rules" means rules made by the Central Government
under this Act.
Chapter – II
Inland Waterways Authority of India
Constitution 3. (1) With effect from such date as the Central Government
and may, by notification in the official Gazette, appoint
incorporation in this behalf, there shall be constituted for the
of the Inland purposes of this Act an Authority, to be called the
Waterways Inland Waterways Authority of India.
Authority of (2) The Authority shall be a body corporate by the
India name aforesaid, having perpetual succession and a
common seal with power, subject to the provisions
of this Act, to acquire, hold and dispose of property,
both movable and immovable, and to contract and
shall by the said name sued and be sued.
(3) The Authority shall consist of the following members,
namely:-
(a) a Chairman;
(b) a Vice-Chairman;
(c) not more than three full-time members; and
(d) not more than three part-time members to
be appointed by the Central Government by
notification in the official Gaztte.

4
 (4) The Authority may associate with itself, in such
manner and for such purposes as may be determined
by regulations, any person whose assistance or
advice it may desire in complying with any of the
provisions of this Act and a person so associated
shall have the right to take part in the discussions of
the Authority relevant to the purpose for which he has
been associated, but shall not be entitled to vote.
4. The term of office and other conditions of Conditions
service of the members shall be such as may be of service of
members.
prescribed.
4. (A) A person shall be disqualified for being appointed as a Disqualifications
member, if he- for appointment
(a) has been convicted and sentenced to imprisonment as members
for an offence which, in the opinion of the Central
Government, involves moral turpitude; or
(b) is an undischarged insolvent; or
(c) is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a
competent court; or
(d) has been removed or dismissed from the service of
the Government or a company owned or controlled
by the Government; or
(e) has, in the opinion of the Central Government such
financial or other interest in the Authority as is likely
to affect prejudicially the discharge by him of his
functions as a member.
5. (1) The Chairman of the Authority shall, in addition Powers of
to presiding over the meeting of the authority, Chairman and
exercise and discharge such powers and duties Vice Chairman
of the Authority as may be delegated to him by the
Authority and such other powers and duties as may
be prescribed.
(2) The Vice-Chairman of the authority shall exercise
and discharge such of the powers and duties of
the Chairman as may be prescribed or as may be
delegated to him by the Authority.
5 (A) (1) The Authority shall meet at such times and places Meetings
and shall observe such rules of procedure in regard
to the transaction of business at· its meetings,
including the quorum thereat, as may be provided
by regulations.
(2) The Chairman or in his absence, the Vice-
Chairman, or in the absence of both, such other
member as is chosen by the members present at

5
 the meeting of the Authority shall preside at the
meeting.
(3) All questions which come up before any meeting
of the Authority shall be decided by a majority of
votes of the members present and voting, and in the
event of an equality of votes, the Chairman or in his
absence, the Vice-Chairman, or in the absence of
both, the person presiding, shall have and exercise
a second or casting vote.
Removal etc., 6. (1) The Central Government may remove from the
of members Authority any member who, in its opinion.....
(a) refuses to act,
(b) has become incapable to act,
(c) has so abused his office as to render his
continuance in office detrimental to the public
interest, or
(d) is otherwise unsuitable to continue as a
member.
(2) The Central Government may suspend any member
pending an inquiry against him.
(3) No order of removal under this section shall be made
unless the member concerned has been given an
opportunity to submit his explanation to the Central
Government and when such order is passed, the
seat of the member removed shall be declared
vacant.
(4) A member who has been removed under this section
shall not be eligible for re-appointment as a member
or in any capacity under the Authority.
Vacancy, etc., 7. No act or proceeding of the Authority shall be invalidated
not to invalidate merely by reason of-
proceedings of (a) any vacancy in, or any defect in the constitution of
the Authority the Authority; or
(b) any defect in the appointment of a person acting as
a member of the Authority; or
(c) any irregularity in the procedure of the Authority not
affecting the merits of the case.
Secretary and 8. (1) The Authority may appoint the Secretary and
other officers. such other officers and employees as it considers
necessary for the efficient discharge of its functions
under this Act.
(2) The terms and conditions of service of the
Secretary and other officers and employees of the

6
 Authority shall be such as may be determined by
regulations.
9. (1) Subject to any rules made in this behalf, the Authority Advisory
may from time to time constitute such Advisory Committees
Committees as may be necessary for the efficient
discharge of its functions.
(2) Every Advisory Committee shall consist of such
number of persons connected with shipping and
navigations and allied aspects as the Authority may
deem fit.
10. In the discharge of its functions under this Act, the Authority Authority to act
shall act, so far as may be, on business principles. on business
principles.
Chapter – III
Property and Contracts
11. (1) As from such day as the Central Government may Transfer of
appoint by notification in the Official Gazette,- assets and
(a) all properties and other assets vested in the Central liabilities of
Government for the purposes of Inland Water the Central
Transport Directorate, and administered by the Government to
Chief Engineer-cum-Administrator, Inland Water the Authority
Transport Directorate, immediately before such day
shall vest in the Authority;
(b) all debts, obligations and liabilities incurred, all
contracts entered into and all matters and things
engaged to be done by, with, or for the Central
Government immediately before such day for or in
connection with purposes of Inland Water Transport
Directorate shall be deemed to have been incurred;
entered into and engaged to be done by, with, or for
the Authority;
(c) all non-recurring expenditure incurred by the Central
Government for or in connection with purposes
of Inland Water Transport Directorate up to such
day and declared to be capital expenditure by the
central Government shall subject to such terms and
conditions as may be .determined by the Central
Government, be treated as capital provided by the
Central Government to the Authority;
(d) all sums of money due to the Central Government
in relation to Inland Water Transport Directorate
immediately before such day shall be deemed to be
due to the Authority;
(e) all suits and other legal proceedings with respect
to any matter in relation to Inland Water Transport

7
 Directorate which having been instituted by or
against the Central Government are pending, or
which could have been so instituted, immediately
before such date shall on and after such date be
continued or instituted by or against the Authority;
and
(f) every employee holding any office under the Central
Government immediately before such day solely or
mainly for or in connection with such affairs of the
Inland Water Transport Directorate as are relevant
to the functions of the Authority under this Act shall
be treated as on deputation with the Authority but
shall hold his office in the Authority by the same
tenure and upon the same terms and conditions of
service as respects remuneration, leave, provident
fund retirement or other terminal benefits as he
would have held such office, if the Authority had
not been constituted and shall continue to do so
until the Central Government either on its own
motion or at the request of the Authority recalls
such employee to its service or until the Authority,
with the concurrence of the Central Government,
duly absorbs such employee in its regular service,
whichever is earlier:
Provided that during the period of deputation of
any such employee with the Authority, the Authority
shall pay to the Central Government in respect of
every such employee, such contribution towards
his leave salary, pension and gratuity as the Central
Government may, by order, determine:
Provided further that any such employee, who has,
in respect of the proposal of the Authority to absorb
him in its regular service intimated within such time
as may be specified in this behalf by the Authority
his intention of not becoming a regular employee of
the Authority, shall not be absorbed by the Authority
in its regular service.
(2) If any dispute or doubt arises as to which of
the properties, rights or liabilities of the Central
Government have been transferred to the Authority
or as to which of the employees serving under
the Central Government are to be treated as on
deputation with the Authority, under this section,
such dispute or doubt shall be decided by the Central
Government in consultation with the Authority and
the decision of the Central Government thereon
shall be final.

8
 (3) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Industrial 14 of 1947
Disputes Act, 1947 or in any other law for the time
being in force, the absorption of any employee by
the Authority in its regular service under this section
shall not entitle such employee to any compensation
under that Act or other law and no such claim shall be
entertained by any court, tribunal or other authority.
12. Subject to the provisions of section 13, the Authority shall Contracts by
be competent to enter into and perform any contract the Authority
necessary for the discharge of its functions under this Act.
13.(1) Every contract shall, on behalf the Authority, be made by Mode of
the Chairman or such other member or such officer of the executing
Authority, as may be generally or specially empowered in contracts on
this behalf by the Authority and such contracts or class of behalf of the
contracts as may be specified in the regulations shall be Authority
sealed with the common seal of the Authority:
Provided that no contract exceeding such value or amount
as the Central Government may, from time to time, by
order, fix in this behalf shall be made unless it has been
previously approved by the Authority,
Provided further that no contract for the acquisition or
sale of immovable property or for the lease of any such
property for a term exceeding thirty years and no other
contract exceeding such value or amount as the Central
Government may, from time to time, by order, fix in
this behalf shall be made unless it has been previously
approved by the Central Government.
(2) Subject to the provisions of sub-sections(1), the form
and manner in which any contract shall be made
under this Act shall be such as may be prescribed
by regulations.
(3) No contract which is not in accordance with the
provisions of this Act and the regulations shall be
binding on the Authority.
Chapter – IV
Functions and Powers of the authority
14. (1) The Authority may- Functions of
(a) carry out surveys and investigations for the Authority.
the development, maintenance and better
utilization of the national waterways and the
appurtenant land for shipping and navigation
and prepare schemes in this behalf;
(b) provide or permit setting up of infrastructural
facilities for national waterways;

9
 (c) carry out conservancy measures and training
works and do all other acts necessary for
the safety and convenience of shipping and
navigation and improvement of the national
waterways;
(d) control activities such as throwing rubbish,
dumping or removal of material, in or from
the bed of the national waterways and
appurtenant land, in so far as they may affect
safe and efficient, shipping and navigation,
maintenance of navigable channels, river
training and conservancy measures;
(e) remove or alter any obstruction or impediment
in the national waterways and the appurtenant
land which may impede the safe navigation
or endanger safety of infrastructural facilities
or conservancy measures where such
obstruction or impediment has been lawfully
made or has become lawful by reason of
long continuance of such obstruction or
impediment or otherwise, after making
compensation to person suffering damage by
such removal or alteration;
(f) provide for the regulation of navigation and
traffic (including the rule of the road) on
national waterways;
(g) regulate the construction or alteration of
structures on across or under the national
waterways;
(h) disseminate navigational meteorological
information about national waterways;
(i) ensure co-ordination of inland water transport
on national waterways with other modes of
transport; and
(j)) establish and maintain pilotage on national
waterways.
(k) enter into joint ventures concerning inland
shipping by way of equity participation.
(2) The Authority may also-
(a) advise the Central Government on matters
relating to inland water transport;
(b) study the transport requirement with a view
to co-ordinating inland water transport with
other modes of transport;

10
 (c) carry out hydrographic surveys and publish
river charts;
(d) assist, on such terms and conditions as may be
mutually agreed upon, any State Government
in formulation and implementation of scheme
for inland water transport development;
(e) develop consultancy services and provide
such services, on such terms and conditions
as may be mutually agreed upon, in India
and abroad in relation to planning and
development of waterways for shipping and
navigation or any facility thereat;
(f) conduct research in matters relating to inland
water transport including development of
craft design mechanization of country crafts,
technique of towage, landing and terminal
facilities, port installations and survey
techniques;
(g) lay down standards for classification of inland
waterways;
(h) arrange programme of technical training for
inland water transport personnel within and
outside the country; and
(i) perform such other functions as may be
necessary to carry out the provisions of this
Act.
(3) Any dispute arising out of or concerning the
compensation referred to in clause(e) of sub-
section(1) shall be determined according to the law
relating to like disputes in the case of land required
for public purposes.
(4) Every scheme, prepared by the Authority to carry out
functions under sub-sections(1) and (2), involving
capital expenditure exceeding the amount as may
be prescribed, shall be submitted to the Central
Government for approval.
(5) The Central Government may either approve
the scheme submitted to it under sub-section(4)
without modification or with such modifications as
it may consider necessary or reject the scheme
with directions to the Authority to prepare a fresh
scheme according to such directions.
15. The Authority shall not make any material change in the
scheme approved under sub-section(5) of section 14
without the prior approval of the Central Government.

11
Amendment of Explanation:- For the purpose of this sectIon, "material
schemes. change" means an increase in the cost of the scheme
by more than twenty per cent, of its cost or a change
in the benefit and cost ratio which either makes the
cost component in the ratio exceeds the benefit
or reduces the benefit component by more than
twenty per cent.
Power to fix 16. Omitted vide Bill No 100 of 1992 introduced in L.S. on
maximum and 14-7-92. The Gazette of India Extraordinary Part-2
minimum rates
for passenger Section-2 No-39.
fares and freight Chapter – V
for goods.
Finance, Accounts and Audit
Levy and 17. (1) The Authority may, with the previous approval of
Collection the Central Government, levy fees and charges
of fees and at such rates as may be laid down by regulations
charges. made in this behalf for services or benefits rendered
in relation to the use of the national waterways for
the purposes of shipping, navigation, infrastructural
facilities including facilities for passengers and
facilities relating to the berthing of vessels handling
of cargoes and storage of cargoes.
(2) The fees and charges levied under sub-section-
(1) shall be collected in such manner as may be
determined by regulations.
Grants and loans 18. The Central Government may, after due appropriation
by the Central made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the
Government. Authority grants and loans of such sums of money as that
Government may consider necessary.
Borrowing 18. A. The Authority may, in such manner and subject to
powers of the such terms and conditions as may be determined
Authority by regulations, borrow money from any source by
the issue of bonds, debentures or other instruments
as it may think fit for discharge of all or any of its
functions under the Act.
Constitution of 19. (1) There shall be constituted a Fund to be called the
Fund Inland Waterways Authority of India Fund and there
shall be credited thereto-
(a) any grants and loans made to the Authority
by the Central government under section 18;
(b) all fees and charges received by the Authority
under this Act and
(c) all sums received by the Authority from such
other sources as may be decided upon by the
Central Government.

12
 (2) The Fund shall be applied for meeting-
(a) salary, allowances and other remuneration of
the members, officers and other employees
of the Authority;
(b) expenses of the Authority in the discharge of
its functions under section 14; and
(c) expenses on objects and for purposes
authorised by this Act.
20. The Authority shall prepare, in such form and at such time Budget
each financial year as may be prescribed, its budget for
the next financial year, showing the estimated receipts and
expenditure of the Authority and forward the same to the
Central Government.
21. The Authority may invest its funds (including any reserve Investments of
fund) in the securities of the Central Government or in funds
such other manner as may be prescribed.
22. The Authority shall prepare, in such form and at such time Annual Report
each financial year as may be prescribed, its annual report,
giving a full account of its activities during the previous
financial year, and submit a copy thereof to the Central
Government.
23. The accounts of the Authority shall be maintained and Accounts and
audited in such manner as may, in consultation with the audit
Comptroller and Auditor-General of India, be prescribed
and the Authority shall furnish, to the Central Government,
before such date as may be prescribed, its audited copy of
accounts together with the auditors' report thereon.
24. The Central Government shall cause the annul report and Annual report
auditors' report to be laid, as soon as may be after they are and auditors'
received, before each House of Parliament. report to be
laid before
Chapter – VI
Parliament
Miscellaneous
25. (1) Without prejudice to the foregoing provisions of this Power of
Act, the Authority shall, in the discharge of its functions Central
and duties under this Act, be bound by such directions Government to
on questions of policy as the Central Government issue directions
may give in writing to it from time to time.
Provided that the Authority shall, as far as practicable,
be given opportunity to express its views before any
direction is given under this sub-section.
(2) The decision of the Central Government whether a
question is one of policy or not shall be final.
26. Any land required by the Authority for discharging its Compulsory
functions under this Act shall be deemed to be needed for acquisition of
a public purpose and such land may be acquired for the land for the
Authority under the provisions of the Land Acquisition Act, Authority
13
 1894 or of any other corresponding law for the time being
in force.
1 of 1894 27. (1) The provisions of this Act shall be in addition to the
provisions of the Indian Ports Act, 1908 and the Major
Port Trusts Act, 1963 and in particular nothing in this
Act shall affect any jurisdiction, functions, powers
Application, etc., or duties required to be exercised, performed or
of certain laws discharged by-
15 of 1908 (a) the conservator of any port or by any officer
or authority under the Indian Ports Act, 1908,
or
38 of 1963 (b) the Board of Trustees for any major port or
by any officer or authority under the Major
port Trusts Act, 1963, in or in relation to any
portion of an inland waterway (including the
national waterway) falling within the limits of
15 of 1908 such port or major port.
38 of 1963 (2) Nothing in this Act shall affect the operation of the
Inland Vessels Act, 1917 or any other Central Act
(other than the Indian Ports Act, 1908 and the Major
Port Trusts Act, 1963) or any State or Provincial Act
1 of 1917 in force immediately before the commencement of
this Act with respect to shipping and navigation on
any national waterway. Remaining portion of Section
15 of 1908 27(2) omitted vide Bill No. 100 of1992 introduced in
L.S. on 14-7-92. The Gazette of Indian Extraordinary
38 of 1963 Part-2 Section-2 No. 39.
28. Subject to any rules made in this behalf, any person,
generally specially authorised by the Authority in this
behalf, may, whenever it is necessary so to do for any
of the purposes of this Act, at all reasonable times, enter
Power to enter upon any land or premises and-
(a) make any inspection, survey, measurement,
valuation or inquiry;
(b) take levels;
(c) dig or bore into sub-soil;
(d) set out boundaries and intended lines of work;
(e) mark such level boundaries and lines by placing
marks and cutting trenches; or
(f) do such other acts or things as may be prescribed;
Provided that no such person shall enter any building or
any enclosed court or garden attached to a dwelling house
(unless with the consent of the occupier thereof) without
previously giving such occupier at least twenty-four hours'
notice in writing of his intention to do so,

14
29. The Authority may by general or special order in writing, Delegation
delegate to the Chairman or any other member or to any
officer of the Authority, subject to such conditions and
limitations, if any, as may be specified in the order, such of
its powers and functions under this Act (except the powers
under section-35) as it may deem necessary,
30. All orders and decisions of the Authority shall be Authentication
authenticated by the signature of the Chairman or any of orders
other member authorised by the Authority in this behalf and other
and all other instruments executed by the Authority shall be instruments of
authenticated by the signature of an officer of the Authority the Authority
authorized by the Authority in this behalf.
31. All members, officers and other employees of the Authority Members,
shall be deemed, when acting or purporting to act in officers and
pursuance of any of the provisions of this Act, to be public employees of the
Authority to be
servants within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian public servants.
Penal Code.
32. (1) No suit prosecution or other legal proceedings shall 45 of 1860
lie against the Government or any officer of the Protection of
Government or any member, officer or employee of action taken in
the Authority for anything which is in good faith done good faith
or intended to be done under this Act or the rules or
regulations made thereunder.
(2) No suit or other legal proceedings shall lie against
the Authority for any damage caused or likely or be
caused by anything in good faith done or purported
to be done under this Act or the rules or regulations,
and in particular, it shall not be the responsibility
of the Authority to provide for relief measures
necessitated by floods or by breaches and failures
of works.
33. (1) If, at any time, the Central Government is of Power of
opinion- Central
(a) that on account of a grave emergency, the Government to
Authority is unable to discharge the functions supersede the
and duties imposed on it by or under the Authority
provisions of this Act; or
(b) that the Authority has persistently made
default in complying with any direction issued
by the Central Government under this Act or
in the discharge of the functions and duties
imposed on it by or under the provisions
of this Act and as a result of which default
the financial position of the Authority or the
administration of any national waterway has
deteriorated; or

15
 (c) that circumstances exist which render it
necessary in the public interest so to do,
the Central Government may, by notification in
the Official Gazette, supersede the Authority
for such period, not exceeding six months, as
may be specified in the notification;
Provided that before issuing a notification under
this subsection for the reasons mentioned in
clause (b), the Central Government shall give
a reasonable opportunity to the Authority to
show cause why it should not be superseded
and shall consider the explanations and
objection, if any, of the Authority .
(2) Upon the publication of a notification under sub-
section(1) superseding the Authority,-
(a) all the members shall, as from the date of
supersession, vacate their offices as such;
(b) all the powers, functions and duties which
may, by or under the provisions of this Act,
be exercised or discharged by or on behalf
of the Authority, shall, until the Authority
is reconstituted under sub-section(3), be
exercised and discharged by such person
or persons as the Central Government may
direct;
(c) all property owned or controlled by the
Authority shall, until the Authority is
reconstituted under sub-section(3), vest in
the Central Government.
(3) On the expiration of the period of supersession
specified in the notification issued under sub-
section(1), the Central Government may-
(a) extend the period of supersession for such
further term, not exceeding six months, as it
may consider necessary; or
(b) reconstitute the Authority by fresh appointment
and in such case any persons who vacated
their offices under clause (a) of sub-
section(2) shall not be deemed disqualified
for appointment;
Provided that the Central Government may, at
any time before the expiration of the period of
supersession, whether as originally specified
under sub-section(1) or as extended under

16
 this sub-section, take action under clause(b)
of this sub-section.
(4) The Central Government shall cause a notification
issued under sub-section (1) and a full report of any
action taken under this section and the circumstances
leading to such action to be laid before such House
of Parliament at the earliest opportunity.
34. (1) The Central Government may, by notification in the Power to make
Official Gazette make rules to carry out the purposes rules.
of this Act.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing
power, such rules may provide for all or any of the
following matters namely:-
(a) the terms of office and other conditions of
service of the members of the Authority under
section 4;
(b) the powers and duties of the Chairman and
Vice-Chairman under section 5;
(c) the matters with respect to the Advisory
committee referred to in sub-section (1) of
section 9;
(d) the amount required to be prescribed under
subsection (4) of section 14;
(e) the form in which, and the time at which,
the Authority shall prepare its budget under
section 20 and its annual report under section
22;
(f) the manner in which the Authority may invest
its funds under section 21;
(g) the manner in which the accounts of the
Authority shall be maintained and audited
under section 23;
h) the conditions and restrictions with respect to
exercise of the power to enter under section
28 and the matters referred to in clause (f) of
that section; and
(i) any other matter which is to be or may be,
prescribed or in respect of which provision is
to be, or maybe made by rules.
35. (1) The Authority may, with the previous approval of the Power to make
Central Government, by notification in the Official regulations.
Gazette, make regulations consistent with this Act
and the rules generally to carry out the purposes of
this Act.

17
 (2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of
the foregoing power, such regulations may provide
for all or any of the following matters, namely:-
(a) the manner in which and the purposes for
which, the Authority may associate with itself
any person under sub-section (4) of section 3;
(b) the terms and conditions of service of the
Secretary and other officers and employees
of the Authority under sub-section (2) of
section 8;
(c) the contracts or class of contracts which are
to be sealed with the common seal of the
Authority and the form and manner in which
a contract may be made by the Authority;
(d) the manner in which, and the conditions
subject to which any functions in relation to
the matters referred to in sub-sections (1)
and (2) of section 14 may be performed;
(e) the rule of the road on a national waterway;
(f) the safe, efficient and convenient use,
management and control of the infrastructurals
and infrastructural facilities;
(g) the reception, porterage, storage and removal
of goods brought on a national waterway, and
the procedure to be followed for taking charge
of goods which may have been damaged
before landing, or may be alleged to have
been so damaged;
(h) regulating, declaring and defining the docks,
wharfs, jetties, landing stages on which goods
shall be landed form vessels and shipped on
board vessels;
(i) regulating the manner in which and the
conditions under which the loading and
unloading of vessels on a national waterway
shall be carried out; and
(j) the exclusion from a national waterway of
disorderly or other undesirable persons and
of trespassers.
(k) the terms and conditions for issue of bonds,
debentures or other instruments;
(l) the time, place and the rules of procedure
with regard to the transaction of business at
its meetings including the quorum under sub-
section(1) of section 5A.

18
 (3) Any regulation made under any of the clauses (c) to
(j) of sub-section (2) may provide that a contravention
thereof shall be punishable with fine which may
extend to five hundred rupees and in the case of
a continuing contravention with an additional fine
which may extend to twenty rupees for every day
during which such contravention continues after
conviction for the first such contravention.
36. Every rule and every regulation made under this Act shall be Rules and
laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House regulations to
of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty be laid before
days which may be comprised in one session or in two or Parliament
more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the
session immediately, following the session or the successive
sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any
modification in the rule or regulations or both Houses agree
that the rule or regulation should not be made, the rule or
regulation shall there-after have effect only in such modified
form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however,
that any such modification or annulment shall be without
prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under
that rule or regulation.
37. (1) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions Power to
of this Act, the Central Government may, by order, remove
published in the Official Gazette, make such difficulties.
provisions not inconsistent with provisions of this
Act as may appear to be necessary for removing
the difficulty;
Provided that no order shall be made under this
section after the expiry of five years from the
commencement of this Act.
(2) Every order made under this section shall be laid,
as soon as may be after it is made, before each
House of Parliament.
38. In the National Waterway (Allahabad-Haldia Stretch of the Amendment of
Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly River) Act 1982,- Act 49 of 1982
(a) In section 3, for the words "Central Government",
the word "Union" shall be substituted and for the
words to "the extent hereinafter provided" the words
and figures" to the extent provided in the Inland
Waterways Authority of India Act, 1985" shall be
substituted;
(b) Sections 4 to 15 shall be omitted.

R.V.S. PERI SASTRI

Secretary to the Govt. of India

19
 SECTION - II
MINISTRY OF SHIPPING
(Inland Waterways Authority of India)
Notification
New Delhi, the 30th November, 2004
In exercise of the powers conferred by section 35 of the Inland Waterways
Authority of India Act, 1985 (82 of 1985), the Inland Waterways Authority of India,
with the prior approval of the Central Government, hereby makes the following
regulations for prevention of collision on national waterways, as under, namely: -
1. Short title and commencement:- (1) These regulations may be called the
Prevention of Collision on National Waterways Regulations, 2002.
(2) They shall come into force on the date of their publication in the Official
Gazette.
2. Scope and application: - (1) These regulations shall apply to all vessels on
the National Waterways.
(2) All vessels plying in the National Waterway shall be adhere to these
rules having regard to precautions required by the ordinary practice of
Seamen and limitations of the vessel.
Chapter – I
DEFINITIONS
3. In these regulations, unless the context otherwise requires -
(a) “Act” means the Inland Waterways Authority of India Act, 1985 (82 of
1985);
(b) “Authority” means Inland Waterways Authority of India constituted under
section 3 of the Act;
(c) “Competent Officer” means an officer appointed as such by the
Authority to be in incharge of a section of the National Waterways for
the development, management and maintenance;
(d) “Length and breadth of a vessel” means maximum length and breadth
of a vessel;
(e) “Mechanically propelled vessel” means every description of vessel
propelled wholly or in part by electricity, steam or other mechanical
power;
(f) “Sailing vessel” means any vessel under sail provided that propelling
machinery if fitted, is not being used;
(g) “Underway” means a vessel is not at anchor or made fast to the shore
or aground;
(h) “Vessel engaged in fishing” means any vessel fishing with nets, lines,
trawls or other fishing apparatus which restrict maneuverability;
(i) “Vessel not under command” means a vessel, which through some
exceptional circumstances is unable to manoeuvre as required by these
rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel;

20
 (j) “Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre” means a vessel which
from the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as
required by these rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way
of another vessel. The following vessels shall be regarded as vessels
restricted in their ability to manoeuvre;
(i) A vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation
mark, submarine cable or pipeline;
(ii) A vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or under water
operations;
(iii) A vessel engaged in towing operation which renders her unable
to deviate from her course;
(k) Vessels shall be deemed to be “in sight of one another” only when one
can be observed visually from the other;
(l) “Vessel” means every description of water craft, including small craft
vessel under oars or sail, floating equipment and non-displacement
craft.
(m) “Restricted visibility” means any condition in which visibility is restricted
by fog, mist heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes.
(n) “Rules” means rules of the road.
(o) Words used but not defined shall have the same meanings respectively
assigned to them in the Act.
Chapter – II
STEERING AND SAILING RULES
PART- I
Conduct of vessels in any condition of visibility
4. Application – Regulations in this Part apply in any condition of visibility.
5. Look-Out – Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight
and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing
circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation
and of the risk of collision. Vessels shall make use of searchlights to locate
luminous marks used for channel marking.
6. Safe speed – (1) Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so
that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and grounding,
and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances
and conditions.
(2) In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those
taken into account.
(a) By all vessels
(i) The state of visibility;
(ii) The traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessel or
other vessels;
(iii) The manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to
stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing conditions;

21
 (iv) The state of the river, wind, current and the proximity of
navigational hazards;
(v) State and availability of shore navigational aids and channel
marking by day and night;
(vi) Speed restrictions imposed by the waterway authority;
(vii) The draught of the vessel in relation to available depth of water;
and
(viii) At nights, the presence of background light such as from the
shore lights or from the back scatter of her own lights.
(b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar;
(i) The characteristics, efficiency of the radar equipment;
(ii) The number, location and movement of vessels detected by
radar; and
(iii) The more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible
when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or objects
in the vicinity.
7. Risk of collision – (a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate
to the prevailing circumstance and conditions to determine if risk of collision
exists. If there is any doubt, such risk shall be deemed to exist.
(b) In determining if risk of collision exists the following consideration shall
be among those taken into account -
(i) Such risk shall be deemed to exist if a compass bearing of an
approaching vessel does not appreciably change and apparent
distance from own vessel decreases;
(ii) Such risk may some times exist even when an appreciable
bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very
large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close
range; and
(iii) For vessel not fitted with a compass, if the relative position
remains unchanged.
8. Action to avoid collision:– (a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall, if the
circumstances of the case admit be positive, made in ample time and with due
regard to the observance of good seamanship.
(b) Any alteration of course or speed to avoid collision shall, if the
circumstances of the case admit be large enough to be readily apparent
to another vessel. A succession of small alterations of course and / or
speed should be avoided.
(c) If there is sufficient room, alteration of course alone may be the most
effective action to avoid a close quarters situation provided that it is
made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another close
quarters situation.
(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to
result in passing at a safe distance the effectiveness of the action shall
be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally passed and clear.

22
 (e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation,
a vessel shall slacken her speed or take the way off by stopping or
reversing her means of propulsion.
9. Narrow channels – (a) A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow
channel shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel which lies on her
starboard side as is safe and practicable. A vessel of less than 10 meters in
length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can
safely navigate only within the marked channel;
(b) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other
vessel in the navigable channel;
(c) A vessel shall not cross a navigable channel if such crossing impedes
the passage of vessel proceeding upstream or downstream along the
navigable channel;
(d) In a narrow channel when over taking can take place only if the vessel
to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing, the vessel
intending to overtake shall indicate her intention by sounding the
appropriate signals prescribed in regulation 34 (b). The vessel to be
overtaken shall if in agreement, sound appropriate signals prescribed
in regulation 34 (b) and take action to permit safe passing. If in
doubt she may sound the signal prescribed in regulation 34 (c). This
regulation does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under
regulation 13;
(e) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel where other
vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate
with particular alertness and caution and shall sound the appropriate
signal prescribed in regulation 34 (d); and
(f) Every vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid
anchoring in a narrow channel.
10. Single lane traffic – When single lane traffic is in force, vessels shall join
the lane only when the traffic signal permits to do so. While in the lane, the
vessels shall proceed with maximum permissible speed and clear the channel
as quickly as possible. Vessels shall not stop or anchor in a traffic lane and
shall exercise caution while joining or leaving the single lane to avoid collision
with waiting vessels at anchor.
PART- II
Conduct of vessels in sight of one another
11. Application – Regulations in this Part shall apply to vessels in sight of one
another.
12. Sailing vessels – (a) when two sailing vessels are approaching one another
so as to involve risk of collision, one of them shall keep out of the way of the
other as follows:
(i) In a non tidal river when one vessel is proceeding upstream and
the other vessel proceeding downstream the vessel proceeding
upstream shall keep out of the way of the other;

23
 (ii) When both are proceeding, upstream or downstream and in a
tidal lagoon the vessel which is to windward shall keep out of the
way of the vessel which is to leeward;
(iii) A vessel which is running free shall keep out of the way of a
vessel which is close-hauled; and
(iv) A vessel which is close-hauled on the port tack shall keep out of
the way of a vessel which is close-hauled on the starboard tack.
(b) For the purposes of the regulation, “upstream” shall be deemed the
direction against current and downstream the direction with the current.
“Wind ward” side shall be deemed to be the side opposite to that of
which the main sail or the largest fore and aft sail is carried.
13. Overtaking – (a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the regulations of this
Part any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel
being overtaken;
(b) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another
vessel from a direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam. That is,
in such a position with reference to the vessel she is overtaking, that at
night she would be able to see only the stern light / towing light of that
vessel but neither of her sidelights.; and
(c) Any subsequent alteration of bearing between two vessels shall not
make the over taking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of
these rules or relieve her the duty of keeping clear of the overtaken
vessel until she is finally passed and clear.
14. Head-on situation – When two mechanically propelled vessels are meeting
on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision each
shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port side of
the other.
15. Crossing situation – When two mechanically propelled vessels are crossing
so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her own
starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the circumstances of the
case admit avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.
16. Action by give-way vessel – Every vessel which is directed by these
regulations to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible
take early and substantial action to keep well clear.
17. Action by stand-on vessel – (a) (i) Where by any of these regulations one
of two vessels is to keep out of the way, the other shall keep her course and
speed. (ii) The later vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her
manoeuvre alone, as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel
required to keep out of the way is not taking appropriate action in compliance
with these regulations;
(b) When from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and
speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the
action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action as will
best aid to avoid collision;

24
 (c) A vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with
sub paragraph a(ii) of this regulation to avoid collision with another
vessel, shall if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to
port for a vessel on her own port side; and
(d) This regulation does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to
keep out of the way.
18. Responsibilities of (between) vessels:-
Except where regulations 9, and 13 otherwise require:-
(a) A mechanically propelled vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
(i) A vessel not under command;
(ii) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;
(iii) A vessel engaged in fishing;
(iv) A sailing vessel, vessel under oars or country boat; and
(v) A vessel proceeding down stream by a vessel proceeding
upstream, if the prevailing circumstances permit.
(b) A sailing vessel under way shall keep out of the way of:-
(i) A vessel not under command;
(ii) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; and
(iii) A vessel engaged in fishing.
(c) A vessel engaged in fishing when underway shall, so far as possible,
keep out of the way of:-
(i) A vessel not under command; and
(ii) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.
PART-III
Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility
19. Application – (a) This regulation applies to vessels not in sight of one another
when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility;
(b) Every vessel shall make appropriate sound signals in accordance with
regulation 34 and exhibit lights while navigating in restricted visibility.
(c) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adopted to the prevailing
circumstances and conditions of restricted visibility. A mechanically
propelled vessel shall have her engines ready for immediate
manoeuvre.
(d) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances and
conditions of restricted visibility when complying with the regulation of
this Part.
(e) Except where it has been determined that risk of collision does not exist,
every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal
of another vessel or which cannot avoid a close-quarters situation with

25
 another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed, she shall if
necessary take all her way off and in any event navigable with extreme
caution until danger of collision is over.
Chapter – III
LIGHTS AND SHAPES
20. Application – (a) Regulations in this Chapter shall be complied with in all
weathers.
(b) The regulations concerning lights shall be complied with from sunset to
sunrise, and during such times no other lights shall be exhibited, except
such, lights as cannot be mistaken for the lights specified in these rules
or do not impair their visibility or distinctive character, or interfere with
the keeping of a proper look-out.
(c) The lights prescribed by these regulations shall, if carried, also be
exhibited from sunrise to sunset in restricted visibility and may be
exhibited in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary.
(d) The regulations concerning shapes shall be complied with by day.
(e) The lights and shapes unless otherwise specified in these regulations
shall comply with the positioning and technical details as per the
provisions of Annex-I to International Regulations for prevention of
collision at sea (1972).
21. Definitions –
(a) “Masthead light” means a white light placed over the fore and aft
centreline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an arc of the
horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right
ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel. This
light shall be placed as far as practicable at height above the hull of
not less than 3 meters for vessels of 20 meters or more in length and 2
meters for vessels of less than 20 meters in length.
(b) “Sidelights” means a green light on the starboard side and a red light on
the port side each showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon
of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to
22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side. In a vessel of less
than 20 meters in length the sidelights may be combined in one lantern
carried on the fore and aft centreline of the vessel. Side lights shall be
placed not less than 1 meter below the mast head light.
(c) “Stern light” means a white light placed as nearly as practicable at
the stern showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135
degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from light aft on
each side of the vessel.
(d) “Towing light” means a yellow light having the same characters as the
“stern light” defined in paragraph (c) of this regulation.
(e) “All-round light” means a light showing an unbroken light over an arc of
the horizon of 360 degrees.
(f) “Flashing light” means a light flashing at regular intervals.

26
22. Visibility of lights – The lights prescribed in these regulations shall be visible
at the following minimum ranges:-
(a) A vessel of 20 meters or more in length, mast head light, 3 miles, side
light 2 miles stern lights 2 miles, towing light 2 miles, all round light 1
mile.
(b) A vessel less than 20 meters in length, a mast head light 2 miles and
side light one mile. Stern light 1 mile, towing light 1 mile, white, red,
green or yellow all round light 1 mile.
Lights to be exhibited by vessels
23. Lights to be exhibited by mechanically propelled vessel under-way –
(a) A mechanically propelled vessel under-way shall exhibit:
(i) A mast head light forward.
(ii) Side lights
(iii) A stern light.
(b) A mechanically propelled vessel of less than 10 meters in length, in-
lieu of the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) may exhibit and all round
white light, and shall if practicable also exhibit side lights or a combined
lantern.
24. Lights to be exhibited by towing & pushing vessels – (a) A mechanically
propelled vessel when towing or pushing shall exhibit:-
(i) Two mast head lights forward in a vertical line when the length of
the tow exceeds 200 meters; Three such light in a vertical line.
These lights will be in-lieu of light prescribed in regulation 23 (a)
(i). The lights shall be placed not less than 1 meter apart and the
lowest light placed at a height not less than 2 meters above the
hull.
(ii) Side lights.
(iii) A stern light.
(iv) A towing light in a vertical line above the stern light.
(b) When a pushing vessel and a vessel being pushed ahead are connected
in a composite unit, they shall be regarded as a mechanically propelled
vessel and exhibit the lights prescribed in regulation-23.
(c) A vessel or object being towed shall exhibit:-
(i) Side lights.
(ii) A stern light.
Provided that any number of vessels being towed or pushed in a group shall
be lighted as one vessel.
(d) A vessel being pushed ahead, not being part of a composite unit, shall
exhibit at the forward end, side lights.
(e) A vessel being towed aside shall exhibit a stern light at the forward end
side lights.

27
 (f) Where from any sufficient cause, it is impracticable for vessel or object
being towed to exhibit the lights prescribed in this regulation, all possible
measures shall be taken to light the vessel or the object towed at least
to indicate the presence of unlighted vessel or object.
25. Lights to be exhibited by sailing vessel and vessels under oars – (a) A
sailing vessel shall exhibit:
(i) Side lights.
(ii) A stern light.
(b) In a sailing vessel of less than 20 meters in length the lights prescribed
in paragraph (a) may be combined in one lantern carried at or near the
top of the mast where it can be seen.
(c) A sailing vessel underway may in addition to the lights prescribed in
paragraph (a) of this regulation, exhibit at or near the top of the mast,
where they can best be seen two all round lights in a vertical line, the
upper being red and lower be green.
(d) A sailing vessel less than 10 meters in length, a vessel under oars may
exhibit lights prescribed in this regulation, but if she does not, she shall
have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white
light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision.
26. Lights to be exhibited by fishing vessels – (a) A vessel engaged in fishing
shall exhibit: -
(i) Two all round lights in a vertical line the upper being red and the
lower white and during day a shape consisting of two cones with
their apexes together in a vertical line or a basket.
(ii) When making way through the water in addition to the lights
prescribed in (i) side lights, and a stern light.
(b) A vessel less than 10 m in length, a vessel under oars may exhibit a
lantern and shall have ready at hand an electric torch which shall be
exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision.
27. Lights to be exhibited by vessels not under command or restricted in
their ability to manoeuvre – (a) A vessel not under command shall exhibit:
(i) Two all round red lights in a vertical line where they can best be
seen by night.
(ii) Two balls or similar shapes in a vertical line by day.
(iii) When making way through the water; side lights and a stern light
in addition to the lights prescribed in (i).
(b) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre shall exhibit:-
(i) Three all round lights in a vertical line, the highest and lowest of
these shall be red and the middle light shall be white.
(ii) Three shapes in a vertical line, the highest and lowest shapes
shall be balls and the middle one a diamond.
(iii) When making way through the water, mast head lights, side lights
and stern light in addition to the lights prescribed in (i).

28
 (iv) When at anchor, in addition to the lights prescribed in (i) and (ii)
above lights and shapes prescribed in regulation 30 for anchored
vessels shall also be exhibited.
28. Lights to be exhibited by vessel engaged in dredging – A vessel engaged
in dredging, in addition to the lights in 27 (b) shall exhibit:-
Two all round red lights or two balls in a vertical line to indicate the side on
which obstruction exists.
29. Lights to be exhibited by pilot vess el – A vessel engaged on pilotage duty
shall exhibit:-
(i) At or near the mast head two all round lights in vertical line the upper
white and the lower red.
(ii) When under way, in addition side lights and stern light.
30. Lights to be exhibited by anchored vessels and vessels aground – (a) A
vessel at an anchor shall exhibit :-
(i) In the fore part, an all round white light or one ball by day.
(ii) At or near the stern and at a lower level than the light in (i) an all
round white light.
(b) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length may exhibit one all round white
light, where it can best be seen.
(c) A vessel aground shall exhibit in addition to the lights prescribed in
paragraph (a) or (b), where they can best be seen -
(i) Two all-round red lights in a vertical line.
(ii) Three balls in a vertical line by day.
(d) A vessel of less than 10 meters in length shall have ready at hand and
electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be
exhibited in sufficient time to warn the approaching vessels.
31. Lights to be exhibited by hydrofoils & mechanized country craft – Where
it is impracticable for a mechanized country craft or a hydrofoil to exhibit lights
and shapes of the characteristics or in positions prescribed in the Regulations
she shall exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar in characteristics and
position as is possible.
Chapter – IV
SOUND AND LIGHT SIGNALS
32. Definition – (a) The word “whistle” means any sound signaling appliances
capable to producing the prescribed blast.
(b) The term “short blast” means a blast of about one second duration.
(c) The term “prolonged blast” means a blast of about 4 to 6 seconds
duration.
(d) The sound signal appliances unless otherwise specified in the regulations
shall comply with the technical requirements as per the provisions of
Annexure-III of the International Regulations for prevention of collision
at sea (1972).

29
33. Equipment for sound signals – A vessel of 20 meters or more in length shall
be provided with a whistle and a ball and a vessel of 100 meters or more in
length, in addition shall be provided with a gong.
34. Manoeuvring and warning signals – (a) Single vessel when vessels are
in-sight of one another a mechanically propelled vessel underway, when
manoeuvring as authorized or required by these regulations, shall indicate
her intentions by the following signals on her whistle:
(i) One short blast to mean “I am altering my course to starboard”.
(ii) Two short blasts to mean, “I am altering my course to port”.
(iii) Three short blast to mean “I am operating stern propulsion”.
(b) Overtaking vessels:–
(i) Two prolonged blast followed by one short blasts to mean “I
intended to over take you on your starboard side”.
(ii) Two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts to mean “I
intended to over take you on your port side”.
A vessel being overtaken shall indicate her agreement by the
following signals on her whistle; one prolonged, one short, one
prolonged, one short blast, in that order, if in doubt she may
sound signals prescribed in paragraph (c).
(c) When in doubt – When vessels in sight of one another are approaching
each other and from any cause either vessel fails to understand the
intentions or actions of the other or is in doubt whether sufficient action
is being taken by the other to avoid collision, the vessel in doubt shall
immediately indicate such doubt by giving at least 5 short and rapid
blasts on the whistle, the signal may be supplemented by a light signal
of at least 5 short and rapid flashes.
(d) At bends – A vessel nearing bend or an area of a channel where other
vessels may be obscured, shall sound one prolonged blast, such signal
shall be answered with a prolonged blast by any approaching vessel.
35. Sound signals in restricted visibility – In or near an area of restricted
visibility, where by day or night, signals prescribed in this regulation shall be
used as follows:-
(a) A mechanically propelled vessel making way through the water shall
sound at intervals of not more than 2 minutes one prolonged blast.
(b) A mechanically propelled vessel underway but stopped and making
no way through the water shall sound at intervals of not more than 2
minutes. Two prolonged blasts in succession with an interval of about 2
seconds between them.
(c) A vessel not under command, a vessel restricted in her ability to
manoeuvre, a vessel constrained by her draught, vessel engaged
in towing, fishing or pushing another vessel, shall at intervals of not
more than 2 minutes three blasts in succession namely one prolonged
followed by two short blasts.

30
 (d) A vessel at anchor shall at intervals of not more than one minute ring
the bell rapidly for about 5 seconds. A vessel at anchor may in addition
sound three blasts in succession namely one short one prolonged
and one short blast to give warning on her position, and possibility of
collision to any approaching vessel. A vessel aground shall give three
separate and distinct strokes on the bell immediately before and after
the rapid ringing of the bell.
(e) A vessel of less than 10 meters in length shall not be obliged to give the
above mentioned signals but shall make some other effective sound
signal at intervals of not more than 2 minutes.
36. Distress signals – When a vessel is in distress and requires assistance from
other vessels or from shore, the following shall be the signals to be used or
displayed by her either together or separately.
(a) A continuous sounding of any sound signal apparatus.
(b) A flag or a light waved in a circle to draw attention.
(c) Flares on the deck.
(d) “May day” transmitted by radio telephony.
(e) International code of signal N.C. hoisted on the vessel.
Chapter – V
EXEMPTIONS
37. Any vessel (or class of vessel) provided that she complies with the requirement
of the Inland Vessels Act, 1917, the keel of which is at corresponding stage of
construction before the entry into force of these regulations may be exempted
from compliance therewith of the following provisions until 2 years after the
date of entry into force of these regulations.
(a) The installation of lights with colour specifications and intensity as
prescribed in regulation 20 (e).
(b) Repositioning of masthead lights and side lights on vessels resulting
from prescriptions of regulations 21.
(c) The installation of lights with ranges prescribed in regulation 22.
38. Exemption
Exemption “in vessels or class of vessels provided that she complies
with the requirement of the Inland Vessels Act, 1917, the keel of which is
at corresponding stage of construction before the entry into force of these
regulations may be exempted from compliance therewith of the provision for
carriage of life boats until two years after the date of entry into force of these
regulations provided that adequate life raft in lieu are provided on board.
(a) Fishing boats;
(b) Cargo vessels

31
 Chapter – VI
SUSPENSION, CANCELLATION AND APPEAL
39. Power to suspend and cancel endorsement on certificate of survey –
(1 The Competent Officer reserves the right to suspend forthwith the
endorsement on certificate of survey of the vessel for a period not exceeding
fifteen days in the case of contravention of any of the regulation mentioned
herein before at first instance.
(2) In the case of repeated contravention the Competent Officer shall have
the power to cancel the endorsement on certificate of survey of the
vessel forthwith.
40. Appeals – (1) Any person aggrieved by an order of the Competent Officer
issued under regulation 3, may within ten days from the date on which he
receives such order, appeal against it to the officer so designated.
(2) The officer so designated shall cause notice of every such appeal to be
given to the Competent Officer in such manner, as may be prescribed
and after giving an opportunity to the Competent Officer and to the
appellant to be heard, shall pass such order thereon as deems fit and
his decision shall be final.
Chapter – VII
PENALTIES AND LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
41. Penalty for contravening regulations of the Road for National
Waterways – If any person contravenes any of the regulations of the Road as
mentioned hereinbefore, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to
five hundred rupees for each contravention.
42. Application of the provisions of Inland Vessels Act, 1917 (1 of 1917) –
Notwithstanding anything mentioned above, the provisions of Chapter VII of
the Inland Vessels Act, 1917 (1 of 1917) shall also apply mutadis mutandis, to
the mechanically propelled vessels making voyage on National Waterways as
they apply to mechanically propelled vessels on any inland water.
S. S. PANDIAN, Secy.
[ADVT.III/IV/306/04-Exty]

32
 SECTION - III
National Waterway, Safety of Navigation and
Shipping Regulations, 2002

NOTIFICATION

New Delhi, the 30th November, 2004

In exercise of the powers conferred by section 35 of the Inland Waterways

Authority of India Act, 1985 (82 of 1985), the Inland Waterways Authority of India, with
the prior approval of the Central Government, hereby makes the following regulations
for ensuring safety of navigation and shipping on the national waterways, namely: -
1. Short Title and Commencement -
(1) These regulations may be called the National Waterway, Safety of
Navigation and Shipping Regulations, 2002
(2) They shall come into force on the date of their publication in the Official
Gazette.
(3) These regulations extend to all National Waterways.
2. Definitions -
In these regulations, unless the context otherwise requires:-
(a) “Act” means Inland Waterways Authority of India Act, 1985 (82 of
1985);
(b) “Annexure” means Annexure to these regulations;
(c) “Competent Officer” means an officer appointed as such by the
Authority to be incharge of a Section of the National Waterway for the
development, management and maintenance;
(d) “Channel marks” includes bamboo marks, buoys and beacon.
(e) “Convoy” means a group of vessels, floating equipment or raft towed or
pushed by a mechanically propelled vessel;
(f) “Drifting” means being driven by the current with the engine stopped;
(g) “Ferry boat” means any vessel providing a transport service across or
along a waterway;
(h) “Inland mechanically propelled vessel” means a mechanically propelled
vessel which ordinarily plies on any inland water;
(i) “Lock” means confined section of river or canal where level can be
changed for raising and lowering boats between adjacent sections by
use of gates and sluices;
(j) “Lock basin” means the approach to the lock narrowing towards the
lock from upstream and downstream;
(k) “Master” means any person not being a pilot, harbour master, berthing
master, has for the time being the command or charge of a vessel;

33
 (l) “Mechanically propelled vessel” means every description of vessel
propelled wholly or in part by electricity, steam or other mechanical
power;
(m) “Navigable channel” means the channel intended for passage of
ships;
(n) “Owner” means when used in relation to goods, includes any consignor
consignee, shipper or agent for the safe custody thereof and when used
in relation to any vessel, includes, any part owner, charterer consignee,
mortgage or agent in charge thereof;
(o) “Port” means an inland port;
(p) “Small craft” means any vessel with a hull length less than 10 metres
and less than 3 metres wide;
(q) “Section” means a portion of the waterway controlled by one field
headquarter;
(r) “Terminal” means the place where the cargo and passengers change
from one mode to other mode of transportation.
Terminal facilities include berthing, cargo transfer, storage and ticketing
and passenger rest, comfort rooms and
(s) “Vessel” means every description of watercraft, including small craft,
vessel under oars or sail, floating equipment and non-displacement
craft.
Chapter - I
WATERWAYS AND SAFETY MEASURES ON WATERWAYS
3. Marking of Navigable Channel - A navigable channel may be marked to
indicate safe limits of the Channel by channel marks like bamboo marks or
buoys. Details of channel marking are given in Annexure-I. In case there is
night navigation marks shall be provided with light or painted with luminous
paint.
4. Traffic Signals and Signs - Traffic Signals or Signs may be erected on
the banks of the river or on any fixtures on the river to ensure safety on the
navigable channel. The signs boards shall be painted with bright luminous
paint. Different signals and signs are given in Annexure-II.
5. Passage through Bridges - When a vessel is passing under a bridge,
the height of the mast or the height of the collapsed mast and that of the
wheelhouse / super structure should be less than that between waterway level
and the height of the road bridge.
Speed of such vessel should be regulated with reference to prevailing weather
conditions and the currents likely to be experienced.
6. Passage through locks – (1) While navigating through the locks and lock
basin, the master shall comply with any orders given to him by the lock master
to ensure safety and orderly movement of ship and quick passage through the
lock.

34
 (2) The order of priority for passage through the lock shall be as follows:-
(a) Vessels of the Authority, government vessels, vessels belonging
to the military and police;
(b) Passenger craft;
(c) Fishing boats;
(d) Cargo vessels;
(e) Other craft;
(3) The master shall take the following precautions while navigating through
the lock -
(a) Vessels approaching a lock basin shall reduce speed and
navigate with caution. Overtaking is prohibited near lock basin
unless instructed to do so by the lock master.
(b) Vessels shall not trail anchors, cables or chains in locks or lock
basin.
(c) While the lock is being filled or emptied, vessels shall be moored
and mooring shall be so handled as to prevent bumping against
the walls or gates.
(d) Vessels shall provide adequate fenders to avoid damage to the
lock structure.
(e) Vessel under sails shall lower their sails before entering the
lock.
(4) The passage through locks shall be in the order of arrival of the vessels
in the lock basin.
(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in Section 6 (2) any vessel
expressly granted priority of passage by the Authority shall have priority
for locking or unlocking.
7. Reduction of speed in certain circumstances - (1) Every vessel shall
regulate their speed to avoid creating excessive wash or suction likely to
cause damage to stationary or other moving vessels or structures.
(2) In particular the vessel shall reduce speed in good time, but without
loosing the steering way required for safety:
(a) out side port entrances;
(b) near vessels made fast to the bank or to a landing stage loading
or discharging cargo;
(c) near vessels lying at normal stopping places.
8. Drifting of a vessel on the National Waterway - Drifting of a vessel in the
National Waterway unless authorized by the Competent Officer, is prohibited.
9. Crossing of navigable channel by ferry vessels - While crossing the
navigable channel, the ferry vessels shall keep at such distance from vessels
or rafts moving along the navigable channel, so that the latter are not obliged
to change their course or reduce speed.
Provided that ferry vessels, under special circumstances may be granted
priority of passage across the navigable channel by the Competent Officer

35
 and such vessel shall exhibit a green all round light by night and a green flag
by day, and shall have right of way as the circumstances permit.
10. Navigational and meteorological information - Competent Officer shall
arrange for dissemination of information on storm, flash flood, channel depth
and dangers in navigation by issuing river notices, publishing river charts and
displaying appropriate cautionary signals as given in Annexure-III at the river
ports.
Chapter - II
SAFETY OF VESSELS
11. Certification of Survey and Registration - Every certificate of registration
and every certificate of survey issued in respect of a mechanically propelled
vessel under the Merchant Shipping Act, 1958, the Coasting Vessels Act,
1938, the Canals and Public Ferries Act, 1890 (Madras Act II of 1890) and
the Inland Vessels Act, 1917 shall be valid and effective as a certificate of
registration or certificate of survey as the case may be, for making voyage in
the national waterways.
Provided that the certificate of survey shall be suitably endorsed by
the Competent Officer having regard to the safety requirements as per
regulations.
12. Certificate of Competency - Certificate of competency or certificate of service
as master, serang, engineer and engine driver issued under the Merchant
Shipping Act, 1958 and the Inland Vessels Act, 1917, shall be valid for making
voyage in national waterways.
13. Identification marks on vessels - (1) Every vessel except a small craft shall
bear the following identification marks on its hull.
(a) Name of vessel, (Name shall be inscribed on each bow and stern
of the vessel).
(b) Registration No.
(c) Place of registry and year of registration
(2) The identification mark shall be inscribed with letters not less than
20  cm in height and 2 cm. wide and shall be painted in light colour on a
dark background or in a dark colour on a light background.
(3) In addition to the identification marks, every vessel shall display on a
fixed board, exhibited on the upper deck, the following information
a) gross registered tonnage
(b) maximum permissible number of passengers
(c) name of the owner
(d) date of last survey
(4) Every vessel shall have the load line marked at least for one meter
amidship on both sides and draught scale marked in meters and
decimeters at both ends of the vessel.
(5) Every small craft shall have its registration No. and name of owner
inscribed on both sides of the vessel.

36
 (6) Every craft shall have its registration number or the name of the owner,
or both, exhibited on a wide board at a conspicuous part of the craft.
14. Vessels to ply with certain conditions for movement on national
waterways - Vessels making voyage in the national waterways shall;
(a) ensure that the length, breadth, height, draught and speed of the vessel,
convoys, and side by side formations are suitable and in accordance
with the limits as specified by the Competent Officer from time to time.
(b) ensure that no object is allowed to project beyond the sides of the
vessel or raft that would constitute a danger to other vessels, rafts,
floating establishments or installations on or adjacent to the waterway
or channel except under the condition specified at (c).
(c) ensure strict compliance of the safety requirements for carriage of over
dimensional cargo as specified by the competent officer in each case.
15. Conditions relating to mooring or anchoring of vessels in port area - No
vessel shall be moored or anchored within a port except in areas designated
for such purposes by the Competent Officer.
16. Stationary Vessels - All stationary vessels, rafts and floating equipments
must be anchored or made fast securely enough to withstand the current in
such a way that they can adjust to the changes in water level.
17. Pilotage - (1) The Competent Officer shall:
(a) classify the river stretch where pilotage shall be compulsory and where
the pilotage shall be optional.
(b) arrange positioning of experienced pilots and
(c) provide services of the pilot to the vessels in areas where pilotage is
declared compulsory.
Chapter - III
NAVIGATIONAL SAFETY AND THE RESPONSIBILITY
OF THE MASTER AND THE OWNER
18. Instructions to the Master - (1) The master shall be responsible for ensuring
that the vessel is river worthy. He should follow the regulations relating to the
safety measures for navigation in particular:
(a) take all precautions required to exercise vigilance and to avoid
damage to the vessel, installations in the national waterway and
avoid causing obstructions to shipping and navigation;
(b) to avoid imminent danger, take all steps required by the situation
(according to the general practice of seamanship) even if this
entails departing from these regulations;
(c) be responsible for compliance with the rules or regulations
applicable to his vessel and his crew and to the vessels in tow,
while his vessel is engaged in towing of other vessels;
(d) ensure possession of a valid certificates of registration and
survey of the vessel and valid certificate or licence by the crew,
ships article or the crew list, ships log and engine log;

37
 (e) ensure that at no time the vessel is over loaded or carried more
than the number of passengers it is certified to carry;
(f) ensure that dangerous goods or explosive materials are carried
on board as authorized by Competent Authority and procedures
and safety precautions as per the Explosives Rules, 1983 are
taken for carrying of such goods or material onboard;
(g) on sighting a vessel or raft which has suffered an accident
endangering persons or the vessel or threatening to obstruct
the channel, give immediate assistance to such vessels without
endangering safety of his own vessel;
(h) in case of any marine casualty, give warning to the approaching
vessels to enable them to take necessary action in good time
and steer clear of the channel when in danger of sinking or goes
out of control;
(i) ensure that life saving appliances as specified in Annexure-IV
are carried onboard, in good condition and in a position available
for immediate use;
(j) ensure that no time the vessel discharge in the waterway except
at places designated by the Competent Officer, raw sewage, oily
substances garbage etc.
(2) The master of a passenger vessel shall display the disposition and use
of life saving appliances carried onboard and demonstrate the use of
life jackets before commencement of journey;
(3) The master shall ensure that all the navigational aids, fire fighting and
flooding control appliances are on board in proper working condition
and in a position available for immediate use and cause regular conduct
of exercises to his crew for the efficient use of such appliances;
(4) The master shall make immediate report to the nearest competent
officer on -
(i) sighting of any other vessel in distress;
(ii) grounding or sinking of the vessel;
(iii) outbreak of fire or flooding in his vessel;
(iv) damage caused to any waterway installations or permanent
structures;
(v) observing uncharted obstruction or failure of navigational aid is
noticed;
(vi) falling over board of any object which may become an obstruction
or danger to navigation;
(vii) spillage of oil into National Waterway;
(viii) piracy or theft onboard.
(5) Master or persons in charge of a vessel shall give the competent officer
or any person authorized by him all necessary facilities for verifying
compliance with these regulations.

38
19. Instructions to the Owner - (1) Owner of the vessel shall make sure that the
vessel is river worthy in all respect and has competent crew on it.
(2) The owner shall -
(a) ensure that the vessel does not proceed on any voyage or be
used for any service unless the vessel has a valid certificate of
survey in force applicable for such voyage or service;
(b) ensure that only qualified personnel with a valid certificate of
competency certificate of service or licence are employed on
board the vessel as master / serang, engineer or driver and the
crew;
(c) ensure that the crew provided is sufficiently huge and skilled to
ensure the safety on those onboard and safe navigation;
(d) provide insurance for his vessel against third party risks;
(e) arrange displaying of the distinguishing mark (registration mark)
in a conspicuous place;
(f) ensure that the certificate of registration granted in respect of any
vessel shall be used only for the lawful navigation of that vessel;
(g) report alterations carried out on his vessel which do not correspond
with the particulars relating to the vessel or the description entered
in the certificate of registration to the registering authority;
(h) if it is an abandoned vessel, in the navigable channel, make
arrangements for immediate marking of the vessel to avoid
danger to other vessels;
(i) make arrangements for the removal of a vessel from the
navigation channel as early as possible or as directed by the
competent officer;
(j) forthwith give notice to the nearest competent officer, whenever-
(i) a vessel has been wrecked abandoned or materially
damaged;
(ii) any casualty happening to or on board any vessel,
including loss of life, material damage to any other vessel
or structures;
(iii) a vessel has spilled oil into National Waterway.
(3) If an owner fails to remove a vessel under clause (h) of sub regulation
(2), the Competent Officer shall cause the removal of such vessel and
recover the cost of such removal from the owner.
Chapter - IV
SUSPENSION, CANCELLATION AND APPEAL
20. Power to suspend and cancel endorsement on certificate of survey-
(a) The Competent Officer reserves the right to suspend forthwith the
endorsement on Certificate of Survey of the vessel for a period not
exceeding sixty days in the case of contravention of any of the regulation
mentioned herein before at the first instance.

39
 (2) In the case of repeated contravention, the Competent Officer shall have
the power to cancel the endorsement on Certificate of Survey of the
vessel forthwith.
21. Appeal - (1) Any person aggrieved by an order of the Competent Officer
issued under regulation 20, may within thirty days from the date on which he
receives such order, appeal against it to the officer so designated.
(2) The officer so designated shall cause notice of every such Appeal to be
given to the Competent Officer in such manner as may be prescribed
and after giving an opportunity to the appellant to be heard, shall pass
such order thereon as deems fit and his decision shall be final.
Chapter - V
PENALTIES AND LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
22. Penalty for failure to observe navigable channel - If the master of the vessel
fails to observe the navigable channel mark in contravention of Regulation 3,
he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to four hundred rupees.
23. Penalty for failure to observe traffic signals and sign - If the master of
the vessel fails to observe any of the traffic sign or signal in contravention
of Regulation 4, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to two
hundred and fifty rupees.
24. Penalty for failure to observe overhead clearance - If the master of the
vessel fails to ascertain the overhead clearance of his vessel or fails to regulate
the speed by passing through the bridge in contravention of Regulation 5, he
shall be punishable with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees.
25. Penalty for non-compliance with this order from lock master - If the
master of the vessel fails to comply any of the order given to him by the lock
master to ensure the safety and orderly movement of the vessel and quick
passage through the locks in contravention of Regulation 6(1) and (2) he shall
be punishable with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees.
26. Penalty for failure to take precaution while negotiating through lock - If
the master fails take any one of the precautions while passing through lock in
contravention of Regulation 6(3), he shall be punishable with fine which may
extend to three hundred rupees.
27. Penalty for failure to regulate speed to avoid creation of excessive wash
or suction - If the master of the vessel fails to regulate the speed of the vessel
to avoid creation of excessive wash or suction likely to cause damage the
stationary or other moving vessel or structures in contravention of Regulation
7, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to two hundred rupees.
28. Penalty for causing the vessel to drift - If the master of the vessel, not being
authorized by the Competent Officer, causes his vessel to drift in contravention
of Regulation 8, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to one
hundred rupees.
29. Penalty for failure to keep safe distance - If the master of a ferry vessel
while crossing the navigable channel fails to keep such distance from vessels
or rafts moving along the navigable channel, so that the later are forced to

40
 change their course or reduce speed in contravention of Regulation 9, he shall
be punishable with fine which may extend to one hundred rupees.
30. Penalty for failure to observe Navigational and Meteorological
information – If the master of the vessel fails to observe the river notices
or river charts or cautionary signals issued by the Competent Officer in
contravention of Regulation 10, he shall be punishable with fine which may
extend to two hundred rupees.
31. Penalty for failure to obtain endorsement on Certificate of Survey for
voyage in National Waterways - If any vessel proceeds on a voyage on
National Waterway without obtaining the endorsement on Certificate of Survey
in contravention of Regulation 11, the owner and the master shall each be
punishable with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees.
32. Penalty for failure to keep valid Certificate of Competency for making
voyage on National Waterways - If the vessel proceeds on a voyage on
National Waterway without the Certificate of Competency in contravention of
Regulation 12, the master, serang, engineer and engine driver shall each be
punishable with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees.
33. Penalty for failure to bear identification marks on vessel – If any vessel
makes a voyage on National Waterway without bearing any of the identification
mark in contravention of Regulation 13, the master and the owner shall each
be punishable with fine which may extend to two hundred and fifty rupees at
first instance and rupees four hundred in case of continued contravention.
34. Penalty for failure to comply with waterway limits – If the master of the
vessel fails to ensure that the length, breadth, height and draught of his vessel
and speed of the vessel and convoy in contravention of Regulation 14(a) he
shall be punishable with fine which may extend to three hundred rupees.
35. Penalty for causing an object to project beyond the sides of the vessel –
If the master of a vessel causes an object to project beyond the sides of the
vessel constituting a danger to other vessel or installation in contravention of
Regulation 14 (b), he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to four
hundred rupees.
36. Penalty for non-compliance with safety requirement for over dimensional
cargo – If the master of the vessel fails to comply with the safety requirements
for carriage of over-dimensional cargo in contravention of Regulation 14 (c) he
shall be punishable with fine which may extend to three hundred rupees.
37. Penalty for anchoring of the vessel outside the designated area in a port –
If the master of the vessel causes his vessel to be moored or anchored in area
not designated for such purposes within a port in contravention of Regulation
15, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to one hundred at first
instance and rupee one hundred per day in case of continued contravention.
38. Penalty for improper mooring – If the owner or master of a stationary vessel,
raft and floating equipment fails to anchor or make fast the vessel securely
enough to withstand the current and change in water level in contravention
of Regulation 16, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to five
hundred rupees.

41
39. Penalty for failure to observe the river stretch for compulsory pilotage –
If the master of the vessel makes a voyage on national waterway without
a pilot on a river stretch where pilotage is compulsory, as classified by the
Competent Officer, in contravention of Regulation 17, he shall be punishable
with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees.
40. Penalty for failure to observe instruction to the master - If the master of
the vessel fails to observe any of the instructions given to him in contravention
of Regulation 18, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to five
hundred rupees for each contravention.
41. Penalty for failure to observe instructions to the owner - If the owner of
the vessel fails to observe any of the instructions given to him in contravention
of Regulation 19, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to five
hundred rupees for each contravention.
42. Application of the provision of Inland Vessels Act 1917 - Notwithstanding
anything mentioned herein before, the provisions of Chapter 7, of the Inland
Vessels Act, 1917 (1 of 1917) shall also mutatis-mutandis apply to all the
mechanically propelled vessels making voyage on national waterway as they
apply to mechanically propelled vessels on any Inland Waterways.
43. Provision for punishment of offences not otherwise provided for - If any
person contravening any of these regulations for which no specific penalty
has been provided for, he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to
two hundred and fifty rupees.
S. S. PANDIAN, SECY.
[ADVT. III/IV/306/04-Exty.]

42
 ANNEXURE – I
(See regulation 3)
MARKING OF THE WATERWAY
A. Buoyage and marking of the waterway
(i) Direction of buoyage
The direction of buoyage shall be defined as follows:-
(a) The general direction taken by the mariner when approaching
harbour, river or estuary or waterway from seaward.
(b) In case of non-tidal rivers the direction against the flow of the river.
(c) The direction in which the kilometer chainage increases in case
of estuary.
(ii) Port hand Marks
These marks indicate the left side of the channel.
By day: Red Buoys, preferably cylindrical (CAN), or red spars. Red
Cylindrical top mark is compulsory on the spars and on the buoys if they
are not cylindrical.
By night: Rhythmic red lights, of any type.

(iii) Starboard hand Marks

These marks indicate the right side of the channel.
By day: - Green buoys, preferably conical, or green spars. A green
conical top mark point upward is compulsory on the spars and on the
buoys if they are not conical.

By night: - Rhythmic green lights, of any type.

R = RED
G = GREEN

43
 (iv) Isolated danger Marks
An isolated danger mark is a mark created on, or moored on, or above an
isolated danger which has navigable water, all round it.
Description of an isolated danger mark

B. Conventional Marks
(i) Direction of marking
Conventional marks are made of bamboo strips and used only in rivers.
The direction of marking will be downstream the river.
(ii) Bamboo mat marks at the beginning and end of the channel

44
(iii) Bamboo marks in between and marks

(iv) Under water snag marks (painted with lime)

(v) Closing of channel

45
 ANNEXURE – II
(See regulation 4)
C. Signs and Signals
1. Day and Night marking
Where the prescribed mark consists of: -
(a) Light only, the lights may be used by day and by night;
(b) Boards only, the boards may be used as night marks if illuminated.
Boards shall be rectangular in shape of 1.5 metre x 1metre size
minimum;
(c) Boards and lights, by day, either boards or lights may be used; by night
either lights or illuminated boards may be used.
2. Lighting
Lights may be provided at night for lighting of the lower parts of a bridge, of the
piers of a bridge, of the approaches to a lock, of a section of small canal etc.
3. Intensity of lights
The lights recommended in this rules shall be visible for a distance of at least
2 kms., and shall be distinct from the surrounding lights.
4. Fixed lights
(i) Single red light
"No passage"

Either to some of the channels or

arms of the waterway, or to the
whole of the waterway

(ii) Two red light placed one Complete and prolonged

above the other stoppage of navigation (blockage
of waterway bridges or locks out of
service)

(iii) Two or more red "No passage" (between the

lights set apart lights).

46
(iv) Single green light

"Go ahead" (the green light is

always placed at side of the
navigable channel). The use of this
signal shall however, be restricted
to cases where a single green
light is sufficient clearly to indicate
the clear passage. In other cases,
the use of two green lights set
apart, and indicating the passage
is recommended.

(v) Two green lights set "Go ahead between the lights."
apart

(vi) Single yellow light, along or
between green lights
“Go ahead, but look out for traffic
coming the other way”. Vessels
may steer towards the light, which
is placed above the navigable
channel.
Or
Proceed with caution.

(vii) A red light above a White light “Do not cause wash”.

(viii) Do not exceed the speed

indicated (in km/hour).

47
 (ix) Clearance above water level limit.

(x) Width of fairway or channel limit.

W = WHITE
R = RED
G = GREEN
Y = YELLOW
B = BLACK

48
 ANNEXURE – III
(See regulation – 10)

STORM WARNING SIGNALS

1. WARNING: A storm may affect you shortly

2. DANGER: A storm will soon strike you

3. DANGER: The port is threatened by a Bore-

tide or flash flood; sudden rise in water level
and strong current expected.

4. GREAT DANGER: A violent storm will soon strike you.

49
 ANNEXURE - IV
(See regulation 18 (1) (i))
DETAILS OF LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES TO BE CARRIED
ON BOARD INLAND VESSELS
1. Classification of vessels
Inland vessels shall be classified as follows namely:-
Class I Passenger vessels
Class II Ferry launches and boats
Class III Cargo vessels and vessels other than
those falling under Class – I, II, IV & V
Class IV Non propelled vessels (barges)
Class V Pleasure crafts
2. Vessels of Class - I
2.1 Every vessel of Class I shall be provided with:
(a) Sufficient number of boat(s) as per requirement of sub rule 2.2
and life rafts to accommodate total number of passengers and
crew on board.
(b) (i) One life jacket for 50% of the passengers and crew on board only
in WCC and 100% in respect of NW- I and II.
(ii) Life jacket for child, for 10% of total number of persons certified
to carry. For the purpose of this section, child means persons
weighing below 30 kg.
(c) At least four life buoys for vessels up to 25 metre length, six life
buoys for vessel 25-45 metre length and 8 life buoys more than
45 metre length. At least two of the lifebuoys supplied shall be
equipped with self igniting light if the vessel navigates at night.
2.2 At least one boat minimum carrying capacity of ten persons for every
vessel up to 25 metre length except for small crafts and at least two
boats for vessel of more than 25 metre length shall be provided. The
boat shall be provided with necessary davit for launching. Boats are to
be stowed equally on either side of the vessel if more than one boat
provided.
3. Vessels of Class - II
3.1 Every vessel of Class II shall be provided with:
(a) Sufficient number of boat (s) as per the requirement of sub rule
3.2 and life rafts to accommodate the total number of passengers
and crew on board.
(b) (i) Life jackets for 50% of the passengers and crew on board only in
WCC and 100% in respect of NW-I & II
(ii) Life jackets for child, for 10% of total number of persons certified
to carry. For the purpose of this section, child means person
weighing below 30 kg.
(c) At least eight life buoys of which at least two shall be equipped
with self igniting light if the vessel navigates at night.

50
 3.2 At least one boat with minimum carrying capacity of 10 persons for
every vessel between 25 metre to 45 metre length and two boats for
every vessel of more than 45 metre length shall be provided. Boat
shall be provided with required davit for launching. If more than one
boat supplied they may be stowed on either side of the vessel. For
vessels used for single continuous voyages not exceeding 5 kms., the
competent officer may permit use of buoyant apparatus or life buoys in
lieu of boats.
4. Vessels of Class - III
Every vessel of Class III shall be provided with:
(a) At least one life raft to accommodate all crew for vessel over 10 metre.
(b) One life jacket for each crew or person on board.
(c) At least two life buoys for vessel up to 25 metre length and four life buoys
for vessel of above 25 metre length of which one shall be equipped with
self igniting light if the vessel navigates at night.
5. Vessels of Class - IV
Every manned vessel of Class IV shall be provided with:
(a) At least two life buoys one of which shall be equipped with a self igniting
light if the vessel navigates at night.
(b) One life jacket for every crew on board.
6. Vessels of Class - V
Every vessel of Class V up to 10 metre in length shall carry life jacket for each
person. Vessel above 10 metre shall carry sufficient life raft / life buoys for all
persons on board. However, all vessels of Class V shall carry at least 2 Life
Buoys of which one to be of self igniting type if the vessel navigates at night.
7. Technical requirements
Every life saving appliances provided as per the provision of these regulations
shall meet the requirement of Schedule- I.
8. Stowage
Every life saving appliances provided as per the provision of these rules shall
be stowed according to the requirement of Schedule – II as far as applicable.
9. Display of usage
On every vessel of Class I & II, the list of life saving appliances and instruction
of their use shall be displayed at conspicuous places.
10. Exemption
Exemption in vessels or class of vessels provided that she complies with
the requirement of the I.V. Act, 1917, the keel of which is at corresponding
stage of construction before the entry into force of these regulations may be
exempted from compliance therewith of the provision for carriage of life boats
until two years after the date of entry into force of these regulations provided
that adequate life raft in lieu are provided on board.

51
 SCHEDULE – I TO ANNEXURE IV
SPECIFICATION OF LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES
1. Boats
(a) All boats shall be well designed and of such shape and proportions that
they sufficient stability and freeboard when carrying their full load of
persons and equipment. Its stability shall be deemed to be adequate if,
with half the maximum permissible number of persons standing on one
side of the boat, there remains a freeboard of not less than 100 mm.
(b) All boats shall be capable of being lowered into the water with their full load
of persons and equipment. They shall be of such strength that they will not
suffer permanent deformation if subjected to an overload of 25 percent.
2. Life rafts
(a) Every life raft shall be fitted with securely beckets.
(b) Every life raft shall be so constructed as to comprise units containing a
volume of air of at least 0.096 m3.
(or equivalent buoyancy devices in the case of rigid life rafts) an a deck
are of at least 0.372 sq. m., for every person it is permitted to carry.
(c) The life raft shall be so constructed that if it is dropped into the water from
the highest deck neither the life raft nor its equipment will be damaged.
(d) Every rigid life raft shall be constructed as to retain its shape in all
weather conditions, on deck and in the water.
3. Life jackets
A life jacket shall satisfy the following requirements:-
(a) It shall be properly designed and made of suitable material.
(b) It shall be capable of supporting a mass of 7.5 kg. in fresh water for 24
hours.
(c) It shall be capable of keeping the head of an exhausted or unconscious
person above water.
(d) It shall be so designed as to eliminate so far as possible all risk of its
being put on incorrectly, however, it shall be capable of being worn
inside out.
(e) It shall be capable of turning the wearer’s body, on entering the water to
a safe floating position slightly inclined backwards from the vertical.
(f) It shall withstand the effects of oil and oil products and of temperatures
up to 50°C.
(g) It shall be reflecting orange in colour.
(h) It shall be easy and quick to put on, and shall fasten securely to the body.
(i) It shall be fitted with a whistle held in a pocket.
(j) It shall bear the following particulars:-
Name of manufacturer
Type
Year of manufacture.

52
4. Life buoys
(a) Every life buoy shall:-
(i) Be capable of supporting a mass of 14.5 kg. in fresh water for 24
hours.
(ii) Be made of suitable materials and withstand the effects of oil and
oil products and of temperatures up to 50°C.
(iii) Be reflecting orange in colour.
(iv) Have a mass of not less than 6.5 kg.
(v) Have an internal diameter of 0.45metre + 10 percent.
(vi) Be encircled with rope which can be grasped.
(b) At least one life buoy on each side of the vessel shall be fitted with self
igniting light and buoyant life line which is not less than 25 meter long
and which is firmly secured by a hook.
SCHEDULE – II TO ANNEXURE IV
STOWAGE AND HANDLING OF LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES
All buoyant apparatus and life buoys shall be so placed as to be capable of floating
off the vessel freely.
Suitable arrangements shall be made for access to the boats and rafts.
Effective means shall be provided for lighting the life saving appliances and their
launching devices.
The launching devices provided for boats shall be so designed and arranged that the
boats can be lowered reliably, quickly and without danger to persons.
The launching devices davits, falls, blocks and other gear shall be of such strength
that the boats can be safely lowered on either side in unfavorable conditions of list
or trim.
Life saving appliances shall be so stowed that they are easily accessible and can be
launched as quickly as possible.

53
 SECTION - IV
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF SHIPPING, ROAD TRANSPORT & HIGHWAYS,
(INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA)
Notification
New Delhi, dated the…………, 2006
GSR …………………………… In exercise of the powers conferred by section 35 read
with clause (g) of sub-section (2) of section 14 of the Inland Waterways Authority of
India Act, 1985 (82 of 1985), the Authority with the previous approval of the Central
Government hereby makes the following regulations, namely:-
1. Short title and commencement.- (1) These regulations may be called the
Inland Waterways Authority of India (Classification of Inland Waterways in
India) Regulations, 2006.
(2) They shall come into force on the date of their publication in the Official
Gazette.
2. Definitions.- In these regulations, unless the context otherwise requires,-
(a) ‘act’ means the Inland Waterways Authority of India Act, 1985;
(b) ‘chairman’ means the Chairman of the Authority;
(c) ‘inland waterway’ means any canal, river, lake or any other navigable
water as defined under Inland Vessels Act, 1917;
(d) words and expressions used in these regulations and not defined but
defined in the Act shall have the meanings assigned to them in the
Act.
3. CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND WATERWAYS.- (1) The waterways shall be
classified in the following categories for safe plying of self propelled vessels
up to 2000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (DWT) and tug-barge formation in
push-tow units of carrying capacity up to 8000 tonne, namely:-
(a) Class I - Waterways with the following configuration of navigable
channel:-
(i) Rivers: - Minimum of 1.2 metre depth, 30 metre bottom width,
300 metre bend radius, 4 metre vertical clearance and 30 metre
horizontal clearance between piers, and
(ii) Canals: - Minimum of 1.5 metre depth, 20 metre bottom width,
300 metre bend radius, 4 metre vertical clearance and 20 metre
horizontal clearance between piers.
(b) Class II - Waterways with the following configuration of navigable
channel:-
(i) Rivers: - Minimum of 1.4 metre depth, 40 metre bottom width,
500 metre bend radius, 5 metre vertical clearance and 40 metre
horizontal clearance between piers, and
(ii) Canals: - Minimum of 1.8 metre depth, 30 metre bottom width,
500 metre bend radius, 5 metre vertical clearance and 30 metre
horizontal clearance between piers.

54
 (c) Class III - Waterways with the following configuration of navigable
channel:-
(i) Rivers: - Minimum of 1.7 metre depth, 50 metre bottom width,
700 metre bend radius, 7 metre vertical clearance and 50 metre
horizontal clearance between piers, and
(ii) Canals: - Minimum of 2.2 metre depth, 40 metre bottom width,
700 metre bend radius, 7 metre vertical clearance and 40 metre
horizontal clearance between piers.
(d) Class IV - Waterways with the following configuration of navigable
channel:
(i) Rivers: - Minimum of 2.0 metre depth, 50 metre bottom width,
800 metre bend radius, 10 metre vertical clearance and 50 metre
horizontal clearance between piers, and
(ii) Canals: - Minimum 2.5 metre depth, 50 metre bottom width, 800
metre bend radius, 10 metre vertical clearance and 50 metre
horizontal clearance between piers.
(e) Class V - Waterways with the following configuration of navigable
channel:
(i) Rivers: - Minimum of 2.0 metre depth, 80 metre bottom width,
800 metre bend radius, 10 metre vertical clearance and 80 metre
horizontal clearance between piers in case of rivers only.
(f) Class VI - Waterways with the following configuration of navigable
channel:
(i) Rivers: - Minimum of 2.75 metre depth, 80 metre bottom width,
900 metre bend radius, 10 metre vertical clearance and 80 metre
horizontal clearance between piers, and
(ii) Canals: - Minimum of 3.5 metre depth, 60 metre bottom width,
900 metre bend radius, 10 metre vertical clearance and 60 metre
horizontal clearance between piers.
(g) Class VII - Waterways with the following configuration of navigable
channel:
(i) Rivers: - Minimum of 2.75 metre and above depth, 100 metre and
above bottom width, 900 metre bend radius, 10 metre vertical
clearance and 100 metre horizontal clearance between piers in
case of rivers only.
(2) Vertical clearance for power cables or telephone lines or cables for any
transmission purpose for all the classes of waterways mentioned at 3(1) shall
be as follows:
i) Low voltage transmission lines including telephone lines - 16.5 metres
ii) High voltage transmission lines, not exceeding 110 kilo volt - 19.0 metres
iii) High voltage transmission line, exceeding 110 kilovolt - 19.0 metres
+1 centimetres extra for each additional kilovolt
(3) In case of underwater pipelines, power cables and other cables, norms to
be followed shall be decided as per the site conditions and navigational
requirement.

55
 Provided that this classification shall be effective only if-
(a) Minimum depth of channel should normally be available for about 330
days of the year.
(b) Vertical clearance at cross structure over the waterway should be
available at least in central 75% portion of each of the spans in entire
width of the waterway.
Explanation for the purpose of this regulations,- Reference level for vertical clearance
in different types of channel shall be-
(i) for rivers, over Navigational High Flood Level (NHFL), which is the
highest flood level at a frequency of 5% in any year over a period of last
twenty years.
(ii) for tidal canals, over the highest high water level.
(iii) for other canals, over designed full supply level.
4. (1) Class I waterway shall be used for plying self propelled vessel of carrying
capacity upto 100 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (approximate size 32 metre
overall length, 5 metre moulded breadth and 1.0 metre loaded draft) or one tug
and two barges combination of 200 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (approximate
size 80 metre overall length, 5 metre moulded breadth and 1.0 metre loaded
draft).
(2) Class II waterway shall be used for plying self propelled vessel of carrying
capacity upto 300 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (approximate size 45 metre
overall length, 8 metre moulded breadth and 1.2 metre loaded draft) or one tug
and two barges combination of 600 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (approximate
size 110 metre overall length, 8 metre moulded breadth and 1.2 metre loaded
draft).
(3) Class III waterway shall be used for plying self propelled vessel of carrying
capacity upto 500 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (approximate size 58 metre
overall length, 9 metre moulded breadth and 1.5 metre loaded draft) or
one tug and two barges combination of 1000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage
(approximate size 141 metre overall length, 9 metre moulded breadth and 1.5
metre loaded draft).
(4) Class IV waterway shall be used for plying self propelled vessel of carrying
capacity upto 1000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (approximate size 70 metre
overall length, 12 metre moulded breadth and 1.8 metre loaded draft) or
one tug and two barges combination of 2000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage
(approximate size 170 metre overall length, 12 metre moulded breadth and
1.8 metre loaded draft).
(5) Class V waterway shall be used for plying self propelled vessel of carrying
capacity upto 1000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (approximate size 70 metre
overall length, 12 metre moulded breadth and 1.8 metre loaded draft) or
one tug and four barges combination of 4000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage
(approximate size 170 metre overall length, 24 metre moulded breadth and
1.8 metre loaded draft).
(6) Class VI waterway shall be used for plying self propelled vessel of carrying
capacity upto 2000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage (approximate size 86 metre

56
 overall length, 14 metre moulded breadth and 2.5 metre loaded draft) or
one tug and two barges combination of 4000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage
(approximate size 210 metre overall length, 14 metre moulded breadth and
2.5 metre loaded draft).
(7) Class VII waterway shall be used for plying self propelled vessel of carrying
capacity upto 2000 tonne Dead Weight Tonnage and above (approximate size
86 metre overall length, 14 metre moulded breadth and 2.5 metre loaded draft
or with higher dimensions) or one tug and four barges combination of 8000
tonne Dead Weight Tonnage and above (approximate size 210 metre overall
length, 28 metre moulded breadth and 2.5 metre loaded draft or with higher
dimensions).
5. All the new structures to be constructed across the national waterways
classified under these regulations shall conform to the respective criteria of
horizontal and vertical clearances of the appropriate class of waterway as
provided.
6. Before construction of any structure across the national waterway, any person
shall apply in the form annexed to these regulations to obtain clearance from
the Authority.
(Pradeep Kumar)
Secretary

57
 Annex
FORM FOR GETTING CLEARANCE FOR STRUCTURES
FROM THE AUTHORITY
(See Regulation 6)
Location of the proposed structure :

National Waterway :

Notified Class :

Type of structure :

Horizontal clearance between piers :

Number of navigational spans :

Vertical clearance (above Navigational High Flood Level) :

Distance from the nearest existing

structure, if any, :

If so, whether the alignment of

piers in the same line or not? :

Obliquity of the structure with respect to

direction of flow :

Period of construction :
(Necessary general engineering lay out drawing indicating the horizontal clearance,
vertical clearance and location map to be submitted with this form)
DECLARATION
On behalf of ……………I do hereby undertake that the construction of the
above mentioned structure will commence only after obtaining necessary clearance
from the Authority and the construction will be carried out in conformity with the
stipulated guidelines for the appropriate Class of waterway as per the Inland
Waterways Authority of India (Classification of Inland Waterways in India) Regulation,
2006.
    (signature with date)
(Office seal) For and on behalf of ………..
Name and Designation of the officer
FOR THE USE OF AUTHORITY
Received an application dated……….from……………………….in respect of
clearance for structure at……………in…………stretch of National Waterway 1/2/3.
Clearance : issued/ rejected
Dated :

58
 [kaM & I
Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1985
¼ 1985 dk vf/kfu;e la[;kad 82 ½
¼ 30 fnlEcj] 1985 ½
iksr ifjogu vkSj ukS ifjogu ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, varnsZ'kh;
tyekxks± ds fofu;eu vkSj fodkl ds fy, rFkk mlls
lacaf/kr ;k mlls vkuq"kafxd fo"k;ksa ds fy,
izkf/kdj.k ds xBu dk mica/k
djus ds fy,
vf/kfu;e
Hkkjr x.kjkT; ds NÙkhlosa o"kZ esa laln~ }kjk fuEufyf[kr :i esa ;g vf/kfu;fer gks%&
v/;k;&1
izkjafHkd
1- laf{kIr uke vkSj izkjaHk &
¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e dk laf{kIr uke Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e]
1985 gSA
¼2½ ;g ml rkjh[k dks izo`Ùk gksxk tks dsanzh; ljdkj] jkti= esa vf/klwpuk }kjk] fu;r
djsA
2- ifjHkk"kk,a & bl vf/kfu;e esa] tc rd fd lanHkZ ls vU;Fkk visf{kr u gks]&
¼d½ ÞvuqyXu Hkwfeß ls jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ls vuqyXu lHkh Hkwfe vfHkizsr gS] pkgs og
lhekafdr gks ;k u gks (
¼[k½ ^^izkf/kdj.k^^ ls /kkjk 3 ds v/khu xfBr Hkkjrh; varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkfèkdj.k
vfHkizsr gS (
¼x½ ^^tylj.kh^^ ls dksbZ tyekxZ vfHkizsr gS] pkgs og izkÑfrd gks ;k Ñf=e (
¼?k½ ^^laj{k.k^^ ds varxZr tyljf.k;ksa dh >ekbZ] fu;a=.k] can djuk] eksM+uk ;k ifjR;kx
djuk Hkh gS (
¼³½ ^^laj{k.k mik;^^ ls laj{k.k ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, mik; vfHkizsr gSa fdUrq buds varxZr
ck<+ksa ls rVksa dh j{kk ds fy, ;k ,sls rVksa ds ftudk eq[;r;k ,sls dkj.kksa ls dVko
gks x;k gS tks iksr ifjogu vkSj ukS ifjogu ls lacaf/kr ugha gS] iqu%LFkkiu ds fy,
mik; ugha vkrs gSa (
¼p½ ^^volajpuk^^ ds vUrxZr ,slh lajpuk,a gSa tSls fd MkWd] ?kkV] tSVh] mrjkbZ eap]
tycaèk] oks;k] varnsZ'kh; iÙku] LFkksjk mBkbZ /kjkbZ miLdj] lM+d vkSj jsy izos'k
ekxZ vkSj LFkksjk HkaMkj.k LFkku rFkk ÞvolajpukRed lqfo/k,aß in dk rnuqlkj vFkZ
yxk;k tk,xk (

59
 ¼N½ ^^lnL;^^ ls /kkjk 3 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fu;qDr izkf/kdj.k dk lnL; vfHkizrs gS (
¼t½ ^^jk"Vªh; tyekxZ^^ ls ,slk varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ vfHkizsr gS] tks jk"Vªh; tyekxZ
¼xaxk&HkkxhjFkh&gqxyh unh ds bykgkckn&gyfn;k [k.M½ vf/kfu;e] 1982
¼1982 dk 49½ dh /kkjk 2 }kjk jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gS (
Li"Vhdj.k& ;fn laln~ fof/k }kjk fdlh vU; tyekxZ dks jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ?kksf"kr
djrh gS rks ml rkjh[k ls] ftldks ,slh ?kks"k.kk izHkkoh gksrh gS]&
¼i½ ,slk vU; tyekxZ Hkh bl [kaM ds vFkkZUrxZr jk"Vªh; tyekxZ le>k
tk,xk ( vkSj
¼ii½ bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/k] vko';d mikarj.kksa lfgr ¼ftuds vUrxZr bl
vfèkfu;e ds izkjaHk ds izfr fdlh funsZ'k dk iwoksZDr rkjh[k ds izfr funsZ'k
ds :i esa vFkkZUo;u djus ds fy, mikarj.k Hkh gS½ ,slh jk"Vªh; tyekxZ
dks ykxw gksaxsA
¼>½ ^^ukO; tylj.kh^^ ls ,slh tylj.kh vfHkizsr gS] tks iw.kZ o"kZ Hkj ;k mlds fdlh
Hkkx ds nkSjku ukO; gS (
¼¥½ ^^fofgr^^ ls bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa }kjk fofgr vfHkizsr gS (
¼V½ ^^fofu;e^^ ls bl vfèkfu;e ds v/khu izkf/kdj.k }kjk cuk, x, fofu;e vfHkizsr
gS ( vkSj
¼B½ ^^fu;e^^ ls bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk cuk, x, fu;e vfHkizrs gSa A
v/;k;&2
Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k
3- Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k dk xBu vkSj fuxeu &
¼1½ ,slh rkjh[k ls tks dsUnzh; ljdkj] jkti= esa vf/klwpuk }kjk bl fufeÙk fu;r
djs] bl vf/kfu;e ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, ,d izkf/kdj.k dk xBu fd;k tk,xk]
ftldk uke Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k gksxkA
¼2½ izkf/kdj.k iwoksZDr uke dk] 'kk'or mÙkjkf/kdkj vkSj lkekU; eqnzk okyk ,d fuxfer
fudk; gksxk ftls bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq, taxe vkSj LFkkoj
nksuksa izdkj dh laifÙk dk vtZu] /kkj.k vkSj O;;u djus dh vkSj lafonk djus dh
'kfDr gksxh vkSj mDr uke ls og okn yk,xk vkSj ml ij okn yk;k tk,xkA
¼3½ izkf/kdj.k fuEufyf[kr lnL;ksa ls feydj cusxk] vFkkZr~ %&
¼d½ v/;{k (
¼[k½ mik/;{k ( vkSj
¼x½ ikap ls vuf/kd brus O;fDr] tks dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk fu;qDr fd, tk,aA
¼4½ izkf/kdj.k ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,sls iz;kstuksa ds fy,] tks fofu;eksa }kjk vo/kkfjr fd,
tk,a] ,sls fdlh O;fDr dks vius lkFk lg;ksftr dj ldsxk ftldh lgk;rk ;k
lykg dh og bl vf/kfu;e ds fdUgha micU/kksa dk ikyu djus esa okaNk djs vkSj
bl izdkj lg;ksftr O;fDr dks izkf/kdj.k ds ,sls fopkj&foe'kZ esa Hkkx ysus dk

60
 vfèkdkj gksxk tks mu iz;kstuksa ls] ftuds fy, og lg;qDr fd;k x;k gS] lqlaxr
gS fdUrq og er nsus dk gdnkj ugha gksxkA
4- lnL;ksa dh lsok dh 'krs± & lnL;ksa dh inkof/k vkSj lsok dh vU; 'krs± ,slh gksaxh] tks
fofgr dh tk,aaA
ubZ /kkjk 4¼d½* dksbZ O;fDr lnL; ds :i esa fu;qDr gksus ds fy, fujfgZr gksxk]
4d dk var%
LFkkiuA ;fn og]&
lnL; ds :i
¼d½ ,sls fdlh vijk/k ds fy, fl)nks"k Bgjk;k x;k gS vkSj
esa fu;qfDr ds dkjkokl ls naMkfn"V fd;k x;k gS ftlesa] dsUnzh; ljdkj
fy, fujgZrk dh jk; esa] uSfrd v/kerk varoZfyr gS ( ;k
¼[k½ vuqUeksfpr fnokfy;k gS ( ;k
¼x½ foÑrfpÙk dk gS vkSj l{ke U;k;ky; }kjk ,slk ?kksf"kr fd;k
x;k gS ( ;k
¼?k½ ljdkj ;k ljdkj ds LokfeRok/khu ;k fu;a=.kk/khu fdlh
daiuh dh lsok ls gVk fn;k x;k gS ;k inP;qr dj fn;k
x;k gS] ;k
¼³½ dsUnzh; ljdkj dh jk; es]a izkf/kdj.k esa ,slk foÙkh; ;k vU;
fgr j[krk gS ftlds dkj.k lnL; ds :i esa mlds }kjk vius
ÑR;ksa ds fuoZgu ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+us dh laHkkouk gSA
5- vè;{k vkSj mik/;{k dh 'kfDr;ka &
¼1½ izkf/kdj.k dk v/;{k] izkf/kdj.k ds vf/kos'kuksa dh v/;{krk djus ds vfrfjDr]
izkfèkdj.k dh ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj ,sls drZO;ksa dk fuogZu djsxk tks mls
izkfèkdj.k }kjk izR;k;ksftr fd, tk,a vkSj ,slh vU; 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj
drZO;ksa dk fuogZu djsxk] tks fofgr fd, tk,aA
¼2½ izkf/kdj.k dk mik/;{k v/;{k dh ,slh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj drZO;ksa dk fuogZu
djsxk tks fofgr fd, tk,a ;k izkf/kdj.k }kjk mls izR;k;ksftr fd, tk,aA
ubZ /kkjk 5¼d½* ¼1½ izkf/kdj.k dh cSBdsa] ,sls le; vkSj LFkku ij gksaxh vkSj
5d dk var%
LFkkiuA viuh cSBdksa esa dkjckj fd, tkus ds laca/k esa] ftlds
varxZr ,slh cSBdksa esa x.kiwfrZ gS] izfØ;k ds ,sls fu;eksa dk
cSBdsaA
ikyu fd;k tk,xk] tks fofu;eksa }kjk micaf/kr fd, tk,aA
¼2½ v/;{k ;k ;fn og fdlh dkj.k ls izkf/kdj.k dh fdlh cSBd
esa mifLFkfr gksus esa vleFkZ gS rks] mik/;{k vkSj nksuksa dh
vuqifLFkfr esa] ml cSBd esa mifLFkr lnL;ksa }kjk vius esa ls
pquk x;k dksbZ vU; lnL; ml cSBd esa ihBklhu gksxkA
¼3½ izkf/kdj.k dh fdlh cSBd esa mlds le{k vkus okys lHkh
iz'uksa dk fofu'p; mifLFkr vkSj er nsus okys lnL;ksa ds
4-¼d½* Hkk-v-t-izk- ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2001 }kjk var% LFkkfirA
5-¼d½* Hkk-v-t-izk- ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2001 }kjk var% LFkkfirA

61
 cgqer }kjk fd;k tk,xk vkSj erksa ds cjkcj gksus dh n'kk
esa] v/;{k dk ;k mldh vuqifLFkfr esa mik/;{k dk vkSj
nksuksa dh vuqifLFkfr esa v/;{krk djus okys O;fDr dk] nwljk
;k fu.kkZ;d er gksxk vkSj og mldk iz;ksx djsxkA
6- lnL;ksa dk gVk;k tkuk vkfn &
¼1½ dsUnzh; ljdkj izkf/kdj.k ls ,sls fdlh lnL; dks gVk ldsxh tks mldh jk; es]a &
¼d½ dk;Z djus ls badkj djrk gS (
¼[k½ dk;Z djus esa vleFkZ gks x;k gS (
¼x½ lnL; ds :i esa vius in dk ,slk nq#i;ksx fd;k gS ftlds dkj.k mudk
in ij cuk jguk yksd fgr esa gkfudkjd gS] ;k
¼?k½ lnL; ds :i esa cus jgus ds fy, vU;Fkk vuqi;qDr gSA
¼2½ dsUnzh; ljdkj fdlh lnL; dks mlds fo#) fdlh tkap ds yafcr jgus rd
fuyafcr dj ldsxhA
¼3½ bl /kkjk ds v/khu gVk, tkus dk dksbZ vkns'k rd rd ugha fd;k tk,xk tc
rd fd lacaf/kr lnL; dks viuk Li"Vhdj.k dsUnzh; ljdkj dks izLrqr djus dk
volj iznku ugha dj fn;k x;k gS vkSj tc ,slk vkns'k ikfjr dj fn;k tkrk gS
rc] gVk, x, lnL; dk LFkku fjDr ?kksf"kr dj fn;k tk,xkA
¼4½ ,slk dksbZ lnL; ftls bl /kkjk ds v/khu gVk fn;k x;k gS] izkf/kdj.k ds v/khu
lnL; ds :i esa ;k fdlh vU; gSfl;r esa iqufuZ;qfDr ds fy, ik= ugha gksxkA
7- fjfDr vkfn ls izkf/kdj.k dh dk;Zokfg;ksa dk vfof/kekU; u gksuk & izkfèkdj.k dk
dksbZ dk;Z ;k dk;Zokgh] dsoy bl dkj.k vfof/kekU; ugha gksxh fd]&
¼d½ izkf/kdj.k esa dksbZ fjDr gS] ;k mlds xBu esa dksbZ =qfV gS (
¼[k½ izkf/kdj.k ds lnL; ds :i esa dk;Z djus okys fdlh O;fDr dh fu;qfDr esa dksbZ
=qfV gS] ;k
¼x½ izkf/kdj.k dh izfØ;k esa dksbZ ,slh vfu;ferrk gS] tks ekeys ds xq.kkoxq.k ij izHkko
ugha Mkyrh gSA
8- lfpo vkSj vU; vf/kdkjh &
¼1½ izkf/kdj.k] lfpo vkSj ,sls vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa rFkk deZpkfj;ksa dks fu;qDr dj ldsxk]
tks og bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vius ÑR;ksa ds n{k fuoZgu ds fy, vko';d
le>sA
¼2½ izkf/kdj.k ds lfpo vkSj vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa rFkk deZpkfj;ksa dh lsok ds fucaèku vkSj
'krs± ,slh gksaxh] tks fofu;eksa }kjk vo/kkfjr dh tk,aA
9- lykgdkj lfefr &
¼1½ bl fufeÙk cuk, x, fdUgha fu;eksa ds v/khu jgrs gq, izkf/kdj.k] le;&le; ij]
,slh lykgdkj lfefr;ksa dk xBu dj ldsxk tks mlds ÑR;ksa ds n{k fuoZgu ds
fy, vko';d gksA

62
 ¼2½ izR;sd lykgdkj lfefr iksr ifjogu vkSj ukS ifjogu rFkk lgc) igyqvksa ls
lacafèkr mrus O;fDr;ksa ls feydj cusxh ftrus izkf/kdj.k Bhd le>sA
10- izkf/kdj.k dk dkjckj ds fl)karksa ij dk;Z djuk & bu vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vius
ÑR;ksa ds fuoZgu esa izkf/kdj.k] tgka rd gks ldsxk] dkjckj ds fl)karksa ij dk;Z djsxkA
v/;k;&3
lEifÙk vkSj lafonk
11- dsUnzh; ljdkj dh vkfLr;ksa vkSj nkf;Roksa dk izkf/kdj.k dks varj.k &
¼1½ ml fnu ls gh] tks dsUnzh; ljdkj] jkti= esa vf/klwpuk }kjk] fu;r djs]&
¼d½ ml fnu ls Bhd igys varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu funs'kky; ds iz;kstuksa ds
fy, dsUnzh; ljdkj esa fufgr rFkk eq[; bathfu;j vkSj iz'kkld] varnsZ'kh;
ty ifjogu funs'kky; }kjk iz'kkflr lHkh laifÙk vkSj vkfLr;ka izkf/kdj.k
esa fufgr gksaxh (
¼[k½ ml fnu ls Bhd igys varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu funs'kky; ds iz;kstuksa ds
fy, ;k mlds lac/a k esa dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk] mlds lkFk ;k mlds fy,
mixr lHkh _.k ck/;rk,a vkSj nkf;Ro] dh xbZ lHkh lafonk,a vkSj fd, tkus
ds fy, opuc) lHkh ekeys vkSj ckrsa ml izkf/kdj.k ds }kjk] mlds lkFk ;k
mlds fy, mixr dh xbZ ;k fd, tkus ds fy, opuc) le>h tk,axh  (
¼x½ varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu funs'kky; ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, ;k muds lacaèk esa
dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk ml fnu rd mixr vkSj iwathxr O;; ds :i esa
?kksf"kr lHkh vukorhZ O;; ,sls fuca/kuksa vkSj 'krks± ds v/khu jgrs gq, tks
dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk vo/kkfjr dh tk,a] dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk izkf/kdj.k ds
fy, micaf/kr dh xbZ iwath le>h tk,xh (
¼?k½ varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu funs'kky; ds laca/k esa ml fnu ls Bhd igys]
dsUnzh; ljdkj dks ns; lHkh /kujkf'k;ka izkf/kdj.k dks ns; le>h tk,axh (
¼³½ varns'Z kh; ty ifjogu funs'kky; ls lacfa /kr fdlh fo"k; dh ckcr lHkh okn
vkSj vU; fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ka] tks ,slh rkjh[k ls Bhd igys dsUnzh; ljdkj
}kjk ;k mlds fo#) lafLFkr fd, tkus ij yafcr gS]a ;k tks bl izdkj
lafLFkr dh tk ldrh Fkh] ,slh rkjh[k dks vkSj mlds i'pkr~ izkfèkdj.k }kjk
;k mlds fo#) tkjh j[kh tk,axh ;k lafLFkr dh tk,axh ( vkSj
¼p½ vuU;r% ;k eq[;r% varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu funs'kky; ds ,sls ekeyksa ds
fy, ;k muds laca/k esa tSls bl vf/kfue ds v/khu izkf/kdj.k ds ÑR;ksa ls
lqlaxr gS] ml fnu ls Bhd igys] dsUnzh; ljdkj ds v/khu fdlh in
dks èkkj.k djus okyk izR;sd deZpkjh izkf/kdj.k esa izfrfu;kstu ij le>k
tk,xk fdUrq og izkf/kdj.k esa vius in dks mlh vof/k rd vkSj ikfjJfed]
NqV~Vh] Hkfo"; fuf/k] fuo`fÙk ;k vU; lsokar lqfo/kkvksa dh ckcr lsok ds mUgha
fucaèkuksa vkSj 'krks± ij /kkj.k djsxk ftu ij og ,sls in dks izkf/kdj.k dk
xBu u gksus dh n'kk esa /kkj.k djrk vkSj tc rd dsUnzh; ljdkj viuh

63
 Loizsj.kk ls ;k izkf/kdj.k ds fuosnu ij ml deZpkjh dks viuh lsok ij
okil ugha cqyk ysrh gS ;k tc rd izkf/kdj.k] dsUnzh; ljdkj dh lgefr
ls] ml deZpkjh dks viuh fu;fer lsok esa lE;d~ :i ls vkesfyr ugha
dj ysrk gS] buesa ls tks Hkh iwoZrj gks] rc rd og ,slk djrk jgsxk %
ijarq ,sls fdlh deZpkjh ds izkf/kdj.k esa izfrfu;kstu dh vof/k ds
nkSjku izkf/kdj.k dsUnzh; ljdkj dks ,sls izR;sd deZpkjh ds laca/k esa] mldh
NqV~Vh] osru] isa'ku vkSj minku gsrq bruk va'knku djsxk] ftruk dsUnzh;
ljdkj vkns'k }kjk] vo/kkfjr djs (
ijarq ;g vkSj fd dksbZ ,slk deZpkjh izkf/kdj.k }kjk viuh fu;fer
lsok esa vkesfyr ugha fd;k tk,xk ftlus mls viuh lsok esa vkesfyr djus
ds izkf/kdj.k ds izLrko dh ckcr viuk ;g vk'k; fd og izkf/kdj.k dk
fu;fer deZpkjh ugha gksuk pkgrk] mrus le; ds Hkhrj ftruk izkf/kdj.k
bl fufeÙk fofufnZ"V djs] lwfpr dj fn;k gksA
¼2½ ;fn dksbZ ,slk fookn ;k ,slh 'kadk mRiUu gksrh gS fd bl v/khu dsUnzh; ljdkj
dh laifÙk;ksa] vf/kdkjksa ;k nkf;Roksa esa ls dkSu ls izkf/kdj.k dks varfjr dj fn, x,
gSa ;k dsUnzh; ljdkj ds v/khu lsok djus okys deZpkfj;ksa esa ls dkSu ls izkfèkdj.k
esa izfrfu;kstu ij ekus tkus gSa rks ,sls fookn ;k ,slh 'kadk dk fofu'p; izkfèkdj.k
ds ijke'kZ ls dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk fd;k tk,xk vkSj dsUnzh; ljdkj dk ml ij
fofu'p; vafre gksxkA
¼3½ vkS|ksfxd fookn vf/kfu;e] 1947 ¼1947 dk 14½ esa ;k rRle; izoÙ` k fdlh vU; fof/k
esa varfoZ"V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh izkf/kdj.k }kjk bl /kkjk ds v/khu viuh fu;fer
lsok esa fdlh deZpkjh dks vkesfyr fd;k tkuk ,sls deZpkjh dks ml vfèkfu;e ;k
vU; fof/k ds v/khu fdlh izfrdj dk gdnkj ugha cuk,xk vkSj ,slk dksbZ nkok fdlh
U;k;ky;] vf/kdj.k ;k vU; izkf/kdj.k }kjk xzg.k ugha fd;k tk,xkA
12- izkf/kdj.k }kjk lafonk,a & /kkjk 13 ds mica/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq, izkf/kdj.k bl
vfèkfu;e ds v/khu vius ÑR;ksa ds fuoZgu ds fy, vko';d dksbZ lafonk djus vkSj mldk
ikyu djus ds fy, le{k gksxkA
13- izkf/kdj.k dh vksj ls lafonk,a fu"ikfnr djus dk <ax &
¼1½ izkf/kdj.k dh vksj ls izR;sd lafonk izkf/kdj.k ds v/;{k }kjk ;k mlds ,sls vU;
lnL; ;k ,sls vf/kdkjh }kjk dh tk,xh] ftls izkf/kdj.k bl fufeÙk lk/kkj.kr;k
;k fof'k"Vr;k l'kDr djs vkSj ,slh lafonk,a ;k ,sls oxZ dh lafonk,a tSlh fofu;eksa
esa fofufnZ"V dh tk,a] izkf/kdj.k ds lkekU; eqnzk ls eqnzkafdr dh tk,axh %
ijarq mrus ewY; ;k jde ls] ftruh dsUnzh; ljdkj le;&le; ij vkns'k
}kjk fu;r djs] vf/kd dh dksbZ lafonk rc rd ugha dh tk,xh tc rd fd
izkfèkdj.k }kjk mldk iwoZ vuqeksnu u dj fn;k x;k gks %
ijUrq ;g vkSj fd LFkkoj laifÙk ds vtZu ;k foØ; ds fy, ;k ,slh fdlh
laifÙk ds rhl o"kZ ls vf/kd ds iV~Vs ds fy, dksbZ lafonk rFkk brus ewY; ;k jde
ls ftruh dsanzh; ljdkj le;&le; ij vkns'k }kjk bl fufeÙk fu;r djs] vfèkd

64
 dh dksbZ vU; lafonk rc rd ugha dh tk,xh tc rd dsanzh; ljdkj }kjk mldk
iwoZ vuqeksnu u dj fn;k x;k gksA
¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds mica/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] og iz:i vkSj jhfr ftlls bl vfèkfu;e
ds vèkhu dksbZ lafonk dh tk,xh ,slh gksxh tks fofu;eksa }kjk fofgr dh tk,A
¼3½ dksbZ Hkh lafonk] tks bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa rFkk fofu;eksa ds vuqlkj ugha gS]
izkfèkdj.k ij vkc)dj ugha gksxhA
v/;k;&4
izkf/kdj.k ds ÑR; vkSj 'kfDr;ka
14- izkf/kdj.k ds ÑR; &
¼1½ izkf/kdj.k&
¼d½ iksr ifjogu vkSj ukS ifjogu ds fy,] jk"Vªh; tyekxZ vkSj vuqyXu Hkwfe
ds fodkl] vuqj{k.k vkSj csgrj mi;ksx ds fy, losZ{k.k vkSj vUos"k.k dj
ldsxk vkSj bl fufeÙk Ldhesa rS;kj dj ldsxk (
¼[k½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ds fy, volajpukRed lqfo/kkvksa dh O;oLFkk dj ldsxk
;k mudk xBu djus dh vuqKk ns ldsxk (
¼x½ laj{k.k mik; vkSj fu;a=.k ladeZ dk;kZfUor dj ldsxk rFkk ,sls lHkh vU;
dk;Z dj ldsxk] tks iksr ifjogu vkSj ukS ifjogu dh lqj{kk vkSj lqfoèkk
ds fy, rFkk jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ds lq/kkj ds fy, vko';d gksa (
¼?k½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ds ry vkSj vuqyXu Hkwfe esa dwM+k djdV Qsadus] lkefxz;ksa
ds lafu{ksi.k ;k ogka ls mudks gVkus tSls fØ;kdykiksa dk] tgka rd os
lqjf{kr vkSj n{k iksr ifjogu vkSj ukS ifjogu] ukO; ty ljf.k;ksa ds
vuqj{k.k] fu;a=.k vkSj laj{k.k mik;ksa dks izHkkfor dj ldrs gksa] fu;a=.k
dj ldsxk (
¼³½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ vkSj vuqyXu Hkwfe esa ls ,slh fdlh ck/kk ;k vM+pu dks] tks
lqjf{kr ukS ifjogu esa vM+pu Mky ldrh gks ;k volajpukRed lqfoèkkvksa
dh ;k laj{k.k mik;ksa dh lqj{kk dks ladVkié dj ldrh gks] ml n'kk esa
tgka ,slh ck/kk ;k vM+pu fof/kiwoZd dh xbZ gks ;k ,slh ck/kk ;k vM+pu
nh?kZdky rd cus jgus ds dkj.k ;k vU;Fkk fof/kiw.kZ gks xbZ gks] ml O;fDr
dks ftldks ,slh ck/kk ds gVkus ;k ifjorZu }kjk uqdlku gks izfrdj nsus
ds i'pkr~] gVk ldsxk ;k ifjofrZr dj ldsxk (
¼p½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij ukS ifjogu vkSj ;krk;kr ds ¼ftlds vUrxZr iFk fu;e
Hkh gS½ fofu;eu dk mica/k dj ldsxk (
¼N½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij] mlds vkjikj ;k mlds uhps lajpukvksa ds lféekZ.k
;k ifjorZu dk fofu;eu dj ldsxk (
¼t½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ds ckjs esa ukS ifjogu laca/kh] ekSle foKku laca/kh lwpukvksa
dk izlkj dk ldsxkA
¼>½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu dk ifjogu ds vU; izdkjksa ls
leUo; lqfuf'pr dj ldsxk ( vkSj

65
 ¼´½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij ;ku ekxZn'kZu dh O;oLFkk dj ldsxk vkSj mls cuk,
j[k ldsxkA
¼V½* lk/kkj.k 'ks;j dh lgHkkfxrk ds :i esa varnsZ'kh; iksr ifjogu ls lacafèkr
lg&m|eksa esa lfEefyr gks ldsxkA
¼2½ izkf/kdj.k fuEufyf[kr Hkh dj ldsxk&
¼d½ dsUnzh; ljdkj dks varns'Z kh; ty ifjogu ls lacfa /kr fo"k;ksa ij lykg nsuk (
¼[k½ varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu dk ifjogu ds vU; izdkjksa ds lkFk leUo; djus
dh n`f"V ls ifjogu dh vis{kkvksa dk v/;;u djuk (
¼x½ tyjkf'kd losZ{k.k vkSj unh pkVks± dk izdk'ku djuk (
¼?k½ varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu ds fodkl ds fy, Ldhe cukus esa vkSj mlds
dk;kZUo;u esa fdlh jkT; ljdkj dh] ,sls fuca/kuksa vkSj 'krks± ij] tks ijLij
r; ikbZ tk,a] lgk;rk djuk (
¼³½ iksr ifjogu vkSj ukS ifjogu ds fy, tyekxks± dh ;kstuk vkSj mlds
fodkl ds ;k ogka fdlh lqfo/kk ds laca/k esa Hkkjr esa vkSj fons'kksa esa ijke'khZ
lsokvksa dk fodkl djuk vkSj ,slh lsok,a ,sls fuca/kuksa vkSj 'krks± ij] tks
ijLij r; ikbZ tk,a] iznku djuk (
¼p½ varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu ls lacaf/kr fo"k;ksa esa] ftuds varxZr ;ku dh
fMtkbu] ns'kh ukoksa dk ;a=hdj.k] vuqd"kZ.k ds rduhd] mrjus dh vkSj
VfeZuy lqfo/kk,a] iÙku laLFkkiu vkSj losZ{k.k rduhdsa gSa] vuqla/kku dk
lapkyu djuk (
¼N½ varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ ds oxhZdj.k ds fy, ekud vf/kdfFkr djuk (
¼t½ ns'k ds Hkhrj vkSj ckgj varnsZ'kh; ty ifjogu dkfeZdksa ds fy, rduhdh
izf'k{k.k ds dk;ZØe dh O;oLFkk djuk ( vkSj
¼>½ ,sls vU; ÑR; djuk tks bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa dks dk;kZfUor djus ds
fy, vko';d gksaA
¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [kaM ¼³½ esa fufnZ"V izfrdj ls mn~Hkwr ;k lacaf/kr dksbZ fookn yksd
iz;kstuksa ds fy, visf{kr Hkwfe ds ekeys esa oSls gh fooknksa ls lacaf/kr] fofèk ds
vuqlkj vo/kkfjr fd;k tk,xkA
¼4½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ vkSj mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu ÑR;ksa dks djus ds fy, izkf/kdj.k }kjk rS;kj
dh xbZ izR;sd Ldhe] ftlesa ml jde ls] tks fofgr dh tk,] vf/kd iwathxr O;;
vUrofyZr gks] vuqeksnu ds fy, dsUnzh; ljdkj dks izLrqr dks izLrqr dh tk,xhA
¼5½ dsUnzh; ljdkj mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu mldks izLrqr dh xbZ Ldhe dk ;k rks
mikarj.kksa ds fcuk ;k ,sls mikarj.kksa lfgr tks og vko';d le>s vuqeksnu lacaèkh]
;k Ldhe dks izkf/kdj.k dks ,sls funsZ'kksa ds lkFk ukeatwj dj ldsxh fd og ,sls
funsZ'kksa ds vuqlkj ,d ubZ Ldhe rS;kj djsA

V-* Hkk-v-t-izk- ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2001 }kjk var% LFkkfirA

66
15- Ldheksa dk la'kks/ku & izkf/kdj.k /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼5½ ds v/khu vuqeksfnr Ldhe dks
dsUnzh; ljdkj ds iwoZ vuqeksnu ds fcuk] dksbZ rkfRod rCnhyh ugha djsxkA
Li"Vhdj.k& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, ÞrkfRod rCnhyhß ls Ldhe dh ykxr esa]
mldh ykxr ls chl izfr'kr ls vf/kd dh o`f) ;k Qk;ns vkSj ykxr vuqikr esa ,slh
rCnhyh vfHkizsr gS ftlls ykxr ?kVd vuqikr esa Qk;nk vf/kd gks tkrk gS ;k Qk;nk
?kVd chl izfr'kr de gks tkrk gSA
16-* ;k=h HkkM+s vkSj eky HkkM+s ds fy, vf/kdre vkSj U;wure njksa dks fu;r djus dh
'kfDr & yksi
v/;k;&5
foÙk] ys[kk vkSj ys[kkijh{kk
17- Qhlksa vkSj izHkkjksa dk mn~xzg.k vkSj laxzg.k &
¼1½ izkf/kdj.k] dsUnzh; ljdkj ds iwoZ vuqeksnu ls] Qhlsa vkSj izHkkj ,slh njksa ij
mn~x`ghr dj ldsxk] tks iksr ifjogu] ukS ifjogu] volajpukRed lqfo/kkvksa ds]
ftuds varxZr ;kf=;ksa ds fy, lqfo/kk,a vkSj ty;kuksa dks ?kkV ij yxkus LFkksjk dks
mBkbZ&/kjkbZ vkSj LFkksjk ds laxzg.k ls lacaf/kr lqfo/kk,a gSa] iz;kstuksa ds fy, jk"Vªh;
tyekxZ ds mi;ksx ds laca/k esa dh xbZ lsokvksa vkSj nh xbZ lqfo/kkvksa ds fy, bl
fufeÙk cuk, x, fofu;eksa }kjk vf/kdfFkr dh tk,aA
¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu mn~x`ghr Qhlsa vkSj izHkkj ,slh jhfr ls lax`ghr fd, tk,axs
tks fofu;eksa }kjk vo/kkfjr fd, tk,aA
18- dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk vuqnku vkSj m/kkj & dsUnzh; ljdkj] laln }kjk fof/k }kjk bl
fufeÙk fd, x, lE;d~ fofu;ksx ds i'pkr~ izkf/kdj.k dks ,slh /kujkf'k dk vuqnku vkSj
m/kkj ns ldsxh tks dsUnzh; ljdkj vko';d le>sA
18¼d½*izkf/kdj.k] ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,sls fuca/kuksa vkSj 'krks± ds v/khu jgrs
izkf/kdj.k dh
mèkkj ysus dh gq, tks fofu;eksa }kjk vo/kkfjr dh tk,a] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu
'kfDr;kaA
vius lHkh ;k fdUgha ÑR;ksa ds fuoZgu ds fy, ca/ki=] fMcsapj ;k
vU; fyf[kr] tSlk og Bhd le>s] fuxZeu djds] fdlh Lkzksr ls
èku m/kkj ys ldsxkA
19- fuf/k dk xBu &
¼1½ Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k fuf/k ds uke ls ,d fuf/k dk xBu fd;k
tk,xk vkSj mlesa &
¼d½ /kkjk 18 ds v/khu dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk izkf/kdj.k dks fn, x, vuqnku vkSj
mèkkj  (

16-* fnukad 14-7-92 dks yksd lHkk esa is'k fd, x, fo/ks;d la- 1992 dk 100 }kjk yksi dj fn;k x;kA Hkkjr
dk jkti= vlk/kkj.k Hkkx&2 [kaM&2 la-&39
18-¼d½* Hkk-v-t-izk- ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2001 }kjk var% LFkkfirA

67
 ¼[k½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu izkf/kdj.k dks izkIr gqbZ lHkh Qhlsa vkSj izHkkj ( vkSj
¼x½ ,sls vU; Lkzksarksa ls tks dsUnzh; ljdkj fofuf'pr djs] izkf/kdj.k dks izkIr
lHkh /kujkf'k;ka tek dh tk,axhA
¼2½ fuf/k dk mi;kstu fuEufyf[kr ds fy, fd;k tk,xk] vFkkZr~%&
¼d½ izkf/kdj.k ds lnL;ksa] vf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj vU; deZpkfj;ksa ds osru] HkÙks vkSj
vU; ikfjJfed (
¼[k½ /kkjk 14 ds v/khu izkf/kdj.k ds ÑR;ksa ds fuoZgu esa izkf/kdj.k ds O;; ( vkSj
¼x½ bl vf/kfu;e }kjk izkf/kÑr mís';ksa vkSj iz;kstuksa ij O;;A
20- ctV & izkf/kdj.k ,sls iz:i esa vkSj izR;sd foÙkh; o"kZ esa ,sls le; ij] tks fofgr fd;k
tk, vkxkeh foÙkh; o"kZ ds fy, viuk ctV rS;kj djsxk ftlesa izkf/kdj.k dk izkDdfyr
izkfIr;ka vkSj O;; nf'kZ fd, tk,axs vkSj mls dsUnzh; ljdkj dks HkstsxkA
21- fuf/k;ksa dk fofu/kku & izkf/kdj.k viuh fuf/k;ksa dk ¼ftuds varxZr vkjf{kr fuf/k Hkh
gS½ fofu/kku dsUnzh; ljdkj dh izfrHkwfr;ksa esa ;k ,slh vU; jhfr ls] tks fofgr dks tk,]
dj ldsxkA
22- okf"kZd fjiksVZ & izkf/kdj.k ,sls iz:i esa vkSj izR;sd foÙkh; o"kZ esa ,sls le; ij] tks fofgr
fd;k tk,] viuh okf"kZd fjiksVZ rS;kj djsxk] ftl esa iwoZorhZ foÙkh; o"kZ ds nkSjku mlds
fØ;kdykiksa dk iwjk fooj.k fn;k tk,xk vkSj mldh izfr dsUnzh; ljdkj dks HkstsxkA
23- ys[kk vkSj ys[kkijh{kk & izkf/kdj.k ds ys[kk ,slh jhfr ls j[ks vkSj ys[kk ijhf{kr fd,
tk,axs tks Hkkjr ds fu;a=d vkSj egkys[kkijh{kd ds ijke'kZ ls fofgr dh tk, vkSj
izkfèkdj.k ,slh rkjh[k ls iwoZ] tks fofgr dh tk, vius ys[kkvksa dh ys[kk ijhf{kr izfr ml
ij ys[kk ijh{kd dh fjiksVZ ds lkFk dsUnzh; ljdkj dks HkstsxkA
24- okf"kZd fjiksVZ vkSj ys[kkijh{kd dh fjiksVZ dk laln~ ds le{k j[kk tkuk & dsUnzh;
ljdkj okf"kZd fjiksVZ vkSj ys[kk ijh{kd dh fjiksVZ dks] mudh izkfIr ds i'pkr~ ;Fkk'kh?kz
laln~ ds izR;sd lnu ds le{k j[kok,xhA
v/;k;&6
izdh.kZ
25- dsUnzh; ljdkj dh funs'k nsus dh 'kfDr &
¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ds iwoZxkeh mica/kksa ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk izkf/kdj.k] bl
vfèkfu;e ds v/khu vius ÑR;ksa vkSj drZO;ksa ds fuoZgu esa] uhfr ds iz'uksa ij
,sls funs'kksa ls vkc) gksxk tks dsUnzh; ljdkj mls le;&le; ij fyf[kr
:i esa ns %
ijUrq bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ funs'k fn, tkus ds iwoZ izkf/kdj.k dks
vius fopkj O;Dr djus dk ;kor~lk/; fn;k tk,xkA
¼2½ dsUnzh; ljdkj dk ;g fofu'p; fd dksbZ iz'u uhfr dk gS ;k ugha vafre gksxk A
26- izkf/kdj.k ds fy, Hkwfe dk vfuok;Z vtZu & izkf/kdj.k }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds vèkhu
vius ÑR;ksa ds fuoZgu ds fy, visf{kr dksbZ Hkwfe yksd iz;kstuksa ds fy, vko';d le>h
tk,xh vkSj ,slh Hkwfe dk izkf/kdj.k ds fy, vtZu Hkwfe vtZu vf/kfu;e] 1894 ¼1894 dk 1½
;k ml le; izo`Ùk fdlh vU; rRleku fof/k ds mica/kksa ds v/khu fd;k tk ldsxk A

68
27- dqN fof/k;ksa dk ykxw gksuk vkfn &
¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/k Hkkjrh; iÙku vf/kfu;e] 1908 ¼1908 dk 15½ vkSj
egkiÙku U;kl vf/kfu;e] 1963 ¼1963 dk 38½ ds mica/kksa ds vfrfjDr gksaxs vkSj
fof'k"Vr;k bl vfèkfu;e dh dksbZ ckr fdlh ,slh vf/kdkfjrk] ÑR;ksa] 'kfDr;ksa
vkSj drZO;ksa ij izHkko ugha Mkysxh ftudk iz;ksx] fuoZgu ;k ikyu&
¼d½ fdlh iÙku laj{kd }kjk ;k Hkkjrh; iÙku vf/kfu;e] 1908 ¼1908 dk 15½
ds v/khu fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh }kjk] vFkok
¼[k½ fdlh egkiÙku ds U;klh cksMZ }kjk ;k egkiÙku U;kl vf/kfu;e] 1963
¼1963 dk 38½ ds v/khu fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh }kjk varnsZ'kh;
tyekxZ ¼ftlds varxZr jk"Vªh; tyekxZ gS½ ds fdlh ,sls izHkkx esa ;k
mlds laca/k esa] tks ,sls iÙku ;k egkiÙku dh ifjlhekvksa ds Hkhrj vkrk
gS] fd;k tkuk visf{kr gSA
¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e dh fdlh ckr dk jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ds :i esa ?kksf"kr tyekxZ ij iksr
ifjogu vkSj ukS ifjogu ds lac/a k esa varnsZ'kh; ty;ku vf/kfu;e] 1917 ¼1917
dk 1½ ;k bl vf/kfu;e ds izkjaHk ls Bhd iwoZ izo`Ùk Hkkjrh; iÙku vfèkfu;e] 1908
¼1908 dk 15½ vkSj egkiÙku U;kl vf/kfu;e] 1963 ¼1963 dk 38½ ls fHké fdlh
vU; dsUnzh; vf/kfu;e ;k fdlh jkT; ;k izkra h; vfèkfu;e ds izorZu ij izHkko ugha
iM+xs kA */kkjk 27¼2½ ds 'ks"k [kaM fnukad 14-7-92 dks yksd lHkk esa is'k fd, x,
foèks;d la- 1992 dk 100 }kjk yksi dj fn;k x;kA Hkkjr dk jkti= vlk/kkj.k
Hkkx&2 [kaM&2 la- 39A
28- izos'k djus dh 'kfDr & bl fufeÙk cuk, x, fdUgha fu;eksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,
izkfèkdj.k }kjk bl fufeÙk lk/kkjr.kr;k ;k fo'ks"kr;k izkf/kÑr dksbZ O;fDr tc Hkh bl
vfèkfu;e ds fdUgha iz;kstuksa ds fy, ,slk djuk vko';d gks rc lHkh ;qfDr;qDr le;ksa
ij fdlh Hkwfe ;k ifjlj esa izos'k dj ldsxk] vkSj&
¼d½ dksbZ fujh{k.k] losZ{k.k] eki] ewY;kadu tkap dj ldsxk (
¼[k½ ry ekiu dj ldsxk (
¼x½ voe`nk dh [kqnkbZ ;k os/ku dj ldsxk (
¼?k½ lhekvksa vkSj dk;Z dh vk'kf;r js[kkvksa dks miof.kZr dj ldsxk (
¼³½ fpà yxkdj vkSj [kkb;ka dkV dj ,slh ry lhekvksa vkSj js[kkvksa dks fpafàr dj
ldsxk ( ;k
¼p½ ,sls vU; dk;Z ;k ckrsa dj ldsxk] tks fofgr dh tk,a %
ijUrq ,slk dksbZ O;fDr fdlh Hkou esa ;k fdlh fuokl&x`g ls layXu fdlh ifjo`Ùk
vkaxu ;k m|ku esa izos'k ¼tc rd fd og izos'k mlds vf/kHkksxh dh lEifÙk ls u gks½ ,sls
vfèkHkksxh dks igys] ,slk djus ds vius vk'k; dh de ls de pkSchl ?kaVksa dh fyf[kr
lwpuk nsdj gh djsxkA
29- izR;k;kstu & izkf/kdj.k fyf[kr lk/kkj.k ;k fo'ks"k vkns'k }kjk] izkf/kdj.k ds vè;{k
;k fdlh vU; lnL; ;k fdlh vf/kdkjh dks ,slh 'krks± vkSj ifjlhekvksa ds ;fn dksbZ gksa]
* yksi

69
 vèkhu jgrs gq,] tks vkns'k esa fofufnZ"V dh tk,a] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu ,slh 'kfDr;ksa vkSj
ÑR;ksa dks ¼/kkjk 36 ds v/khu 'kfDr;ksa dks NksM+dj½ tks og vko';d le>s] izR;k;ksftr
dj ldsxkA
30- izkf/kdj.k ds vkns'kksa vkSj vU; fy[krksa dk vf/kizek.ku & izkf/kdj.k ds lHkh vkns'k
vkSj fofu'p; vè;{k ds ;k bl fufeÙk izkf/kdj.k }kjk izkf/kÑr fdlh vU; lnL; ds
gLrk{kj ls vf/kizekf.kr fd, tk,axs vkSj izkf/kdj.k }kjk fu"ikfnr lHkh vU; fy[krsa] bl
fufeÙk izkf/kdj.k }kjk izkf/kÑr izkf/kdj.k ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ds gLrk{kj ls vf/kizekf.kr
dh tk,axhA
31- izkf/kdj.k ds lnL;ksa] vf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj deZpkfj;ksa dk yksd lsod gksuk &
izkfèkdj.k ds lHkh lnL;] vf/kdkjh] vkSj vU; deZpkjh] tc os bl vf/kfu;e ds fdUgha]
mica/kksa ds vuqlj.k esa dk;Z dj jgs gksa ;k mudk ,slk dk;Z djuk rkRif;Zr gks] Hkkjrh;
n.M lafgrk ¼1860 dk 45½ dh /kkjk 21 ds vFkk±UrxZr yksd lsod le>s tk,axsA
32- ln~HkkoiwoZd dh xbZ dkjZokbZ ds fy, laj{k.k &
¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa vFkok fofu;eksa ds v/khu ln~Hkko
iwoZd dh xbZ ;k dh tkus ds fy, vk'kf;r fdlh ckr ds ckjs esa dksbZ Hkh okn~]
vfHk;kstu ;k vU; fof/kd dk;Zokgh ljdkj ;k ljdkj ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k
izkfèkdj.k ds fdlh lnL;] vf/kdkjh ;k deZpkjh ds fo#) ugha gksxhA
¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e ;k fu;eksa vFkok fofu;eksa ds v/khu ln~HkkoiwoZd dh xbZ ;k dh
tkus ds fy, rkRif;Zr fdlh ckr ls dkfjr ;k dkfjr gksus ds fy, laHkkO; fdlh
uqdlku ds fo#) dksbZ okn ;k vU; fof/kd dk;Zokgh izkf/kdj.k ds fo#) ugha
gksxh vkSj fo'ks"kr;k izkf/kdj.k dk ;g mÙkjnkf;Ro ugha gksxk fd og ,sls vuqrks"k
mik;ksa ds fy, mica/k djs tks ck<+ ;k laØeksa ds VwV tkus vkSj iwjk u gksus ds
dkj.k vko';d gks x, gSaA
33- dsUnzh; ljdkj dh izkf/kdj.k dks vfrf"Br djus dh 'kfDr &
¼1½ ;fn fdlh le; dsUnzh; ljdkj dh ;g jk; gks fd&
¼d½ xaHkhj vkikr ds dkj.k izkf/kdj.k bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa }kjk ;k blds
vèkhu ml ij vf/kjksfir ÑR;ksa vkSj dÙkZO;ksa dk fuoZgu djus esa vleFkZ
gSa ( ;k
¼[k½ izkf/kdj.k us dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu tkjh fd, x,
fdlh funs'k ds vuqikyu esa ;k bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa }kjk ;k muds
vèkhu ml ij vf/kjksfir ÑR;ksa vkSj dÙkZO;ksa ds fuoZgu esa ckj&ckj O;frØe
fd;k gS vkSj ml O;frØe ds QyLo:i izkf/kdj.k dh foÙkh; fLFkfr ;k
fdlh jk"Vªh; tyekxZ iz'kklu dks gkfu gqbZ gS ( ;k
¼x½ ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ka fo|eku gSa ftuds dkj.k yksdfgr esa ,slk djuk vko';d gS ]
rks dsUnzh; ljdkj] jkti= esa vf/klwpuk }kjk] vf/kd ls vf/kd Ng ekl
dh bruh vofèk ds fy, ftruh vf/klwpuk esa fofufnZ"V dh tk,] izkf/kdj.k dks
vfrf"Br dj ldsxh %

70
 ijUrq [k.M ¼[k½ esa of.kZr dkj.kksa ls bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ vfèklwpuk
tkjh djus ls iwoZ] dsUnzh; ljdkj] izkf/kdj.k dks ;g dkj.k nf'kZr djus ds fy,
mfpr volj nsxh fd mls vfrf"Br D;ksa u dj fn;k tk, vkSj izkfèkdj.k ds
Li"Vhdj.kksa vkSj vk{ksiksa ij] ;fn dksbZ gks] fopkj djsxhA
¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu izkf/kdj.k dks vfrf"Br djus okyh vf/klwpuk ds izdk'ku ij (
¼d½ lHkh lnL;] vfrf"Br fd, tkus dh rkjh[k ls] ml :i esa vius in fjDr
dj nsaxs (
¼[k½ mu lHkh 'kfDr;ksa] ÑR;ksa vkSj drZO;ksa dk] ftudk iz;ksx ;k fuoZgu bl
vfèkfu;e ls mica/kksa }kjk ;k muds v/khu izkf/kdj.k }kjk ;k mldh vksj ls
fd;k tk ldrk gS] iz;ksx vkSj fuoZgu] rc rd tc rd mi /kkjk ¼3½ ds
vèkhu izkf/kdj.k dk iquxZBu ugha dj fn;k tkrk ,sls O;fDr ;k O;fDr;ksa
}kjk fd;k tk,xk] ftUgsa dsUnzh; ljdkj funs'k ns (
¼x½ izkf/kdj.k ds LokfeRo ;k fu;a=.k ds v/khu lHkh laifÙk rc rd tc rd
mièkkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu izkf/kdj.k dk iquxZBu ugha dj fn;k tkrk gS dsUnzh;
ljdkj esa fufgr gksxhA
¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu tkjh dh xbZ vf/klwpuk esa fofufnZ"V vfrf"Bfr dky dh lekfIr
ij] dsUnzh; ljdkj&
¼d½ vfrf"Bfr dky dks vf/kd ls vf/kd Ng ekl rd dh bruh vfrfjDr
vofèk ds fy, c<+k ldsxh ftruh vko';d le>s ( ;k
¼[k½ ubZ fu;qfDr }kjk izkf/kdj.k dk iquxZBu dj ldsxh vkSj ,slh n'kk esa os
O;fDr ftUgksaus mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds [k.M ¼d½ ds v/khu vius in fjDr fd, gSa]
fu;qfDr ds fy, fujfgZr ugha le>s tk,axs %
ijUrq dsUnzh; ljdkj] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ewyr% fofufnZ"V vFkok bl
mièkkjk ds v/khu c<+kbZ xbZ vfrf"Bfr dky dh lekfIr ds iwoZ fdlh le;] bl
mièkkjk ds [kaM ¼[k½ ds v/khu dkjZokbZ dj ldsxhA
¼4½ dsUnzh; ljdkj] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu tkjh dh xbZ vf/klwpuk dks vkSj bl èkkjk ds
vèkhu dh xbZ fdlh dkjZokbZ dh rFkk mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh ftuds dkj.k ,slh dkjZokbZ
dh xbZ gS] iwjh fjiksVZ 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz laln~ ds nksuksa lnuksa ds le{k j[kok,xhA
34- fu;e cukus dh 'kfDr &
¼1½ dsUnzh; ljdkj] bl vf/kfu;e ds iz;kstu dks dk;kZfUor djus ds fy, fu;e
jkti= esa vf/klwpuk }kjk] cuk ldsxhA
¼2½ iwoZxkeh 'kfDr dh O;kidrk ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk ,sls fu;e fuEufyf[kr
lHkh ;k fdUgha fo"k;ksa ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs] vFkkZr~%&
¼d½ /kkjk 4 ds v/khu izkf/kdj.k ds lnL;ksa dh inkof/k vkSj lsok dh vU; 'krs± %
¼[k½ /kkjk 5 ds v/khu vè;{k vkSj mikè;{k dh 'kfDr;ka vkSj drZO; (
¼x½ /kkjk 9 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ"V lykgdkj lfefr ls lacaf/kr fo"k; (

71
 ¼?k½ /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu fofgr fd, tkus ds fy, visf{kr jde (
¼³½ og jhfr ftlesa vkSj og le; tc] izkf/kdj.k /kkjk 20 ds v/khu viuk
ctV vkSj /kkjk 22 ds v/khu viuh okf"kZd fjiksVZ rS;kj djsxk (
¼p½ og jhfr ftlesa izkf/kdj.k /kkjk 21 ds v/khu viuh fuf/k;ksa dk fofuèkku
dj ldsxk (
¼N½ og jhfr ftlesa izkf/kdj.k ds ys[kk /kkjk 23 ds v/khu j[ks vkSj ys[kkijhf{kr
fd, tk,axs (
¼t½ /kkjk 28 ds v/khu izos'k djus dh 'kfDr ds iz;ksx ds laca/k esa 'krs± vkSj
fucaèku vkSj ml /kkjk ds [kaM ¼p½ esa fofufnZ"V fo"k; (
¼>½ dksbZ vU; fo"k; tks fofgr fd;k tkuk gS ;k fd;k tk ldrk gS ;k ftlds
lacaèk esa fu;eksa }kjk mica/k fd;k tkuk gS ;k fd;k tk ldrk gSA
35- fofu;e cukus dh 'kfDr &
¼1½ izkf/kdj.k] dsUnzh; ljdkj ds iwoZ vuqeksnu ls] jkti= esa vf/klwpuk }kjk] bl
vfèkfu;e vkSj fu;eksa ls laxfr fofu;e lk/kkj.kr;k bl vf/kfu;e ds iz;kstuksa
dks dk;kZfUor djus ds fy, cuk ldsxkA
¼2½ fof'k"Vr;k vkSj iwoZxkeh 'kfDr dh O;kidrk ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk] ,sls
fofu;e fuEufyf[kr lHkh ;k fdUgha fo"k;ksa ds fy, mica/k dj ldsaxs] vFkkZr~%&
¼d½ og jhfr ftlesa vkSj os iz;kstu ftuds fy, izkf/kdj.k /kkjk 3 dh mièkkjk ¼4½
ds v/khu fdlh O;fDr dks vius lkFk lg;qDr dj ldsxk (
¼[k½ /kkjk 8 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu izkf/kdj.k ds lfpo vkSj vU; vfèkdkfj;ksa
rFkk deZpkfj;ksa dh lsok ds fuca/ku vkSj 'krs± (
¼x½ ,slh lafonk,a ;k ,sls oxZ dh lafonk,a tks izkf/kdj.k dh lkekU; eqnzk ls
eqnzkafdr dh tkuh gS vkSj og jhfr vkSj iz:i ftlesa izkf/kdj.k }kjk lafonk
dh tk ldsxh (
¼?k½ og jhfr ftlesa vkSj os 'krs± ftuds v/khu jgrs gq, /kkjk 14 dh mièkkjk ¼1½
vkSj mièkkjk ¼2½ esa fufnZ"V fo"k;ksa ds laca/k esa dksbZ ÑR; fd, tk ldsaxs (
¼³½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij iFk ds fu;e %
¼p½ volajpukvksa vkSj volajpukRed lqfo/kkvksa dk lqjf{kr] n{krkiw.kZ vkSj
lqfoèkktud mi;ksx] izca/k vkSj fu;a=.k (
¼N½ jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij yk, x, eky dk xzg.k] <ykbZ] HkaMkjdj.k vkSj gVk;k
tkuk vkSj ,sls eky dks] ftldks mrkjus ls iwoZ uqdlku gqvk gks ;k ftlds
ckjs esa bl izdkj uqdlku gksus dk vfHkdFku fd;k x;k gks] Hkkjlkèku esa
ysus ds fy, viukbZ tkus okyh izfØ;kA
¼t½ ,sls MkWdksa] ?kkVksa] tsfê;ksa vkSj mrjkbZ eapksa dks ftu ij eky ty;kuksa ls
mrkjk tk,xk vkSj ty;kuksa ds Qyd ij yknk tk,xk] fofu;fer djuk]
?kksf"kr djuk vkSj ifjHkkf"kr djukA

72
 ¼>½ og jhfr ftlesa vkSj os 'krs± ftuds v/khu jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij] ty;kuksa ij
eky yknk vkSj muls mrkjk tk,xk] fofu;fer djuk ( vkSj
¼¥½ minzfo;ksa ;k vU; vokaNuh; O;fDr;ksa rFkk vfrpkfj;ksa dks jk"Vªh; tyekxZ
ls gVkukA
¼V½* ca/ki=ks]a fMcsp
a jksa ;k vU; fy[krksa dks tkjh djus ds fy, fuca/ku vkSj 'krs± (
¼B½* viuh cSBdksa esa dkjckj djus ds laca/k esa le;] LFkku vkSj izfØ;k ds fu;e]
ftuds varxZr /kkjk 5d dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu mldh x.kiwfrZ Hkh gSA
¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds [kaM ¼x½ ls [kaM ¼¥½ rd ds v/khu cuk, x, fdlh fofu;e esa
;g micaèk fd;k tk ldsxk fd mldk mYya?ku tehu ls] tks ikap lkS #i,
rd dk gks ldsxk vkSj tgka ,slk mYya?ku pkyw jgrk gS ogka ,sls vfrfjDr
tqekZus ls tks ,sls izR;sd fnu ds fy, ftlds nkSjku ,slk mYya?ku] ,sls izFke
mYya?ku ds fy, nks"kflf) ds i'pkr~ pkyw jgrk gS] chl #i, rd dk gks
ldsxk] naMuh; gksxkA
36- fu;eksa vkSj fofu;eksa dk laln~ ds le{k j[kk tkuk & bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk;k
x;k izR;sd fu;e vkSj izR;sd fofu;e cuk, tkus ds i'pkr~ ;Fkk'kh?kz laln ds izR;sd
lnu ds le{k] tc og l= esa gks] rhl fnu dh vof/k ds fy, j[kk tk,xkA ;g vofèk
,d l= esa vFkok nks ;k vf/kd vkuqØfed l=ksa esa iwjh gks ldsxhA ;fn ml l= ds ;k
iwoksZDr vkuqØfed l= ds Bhd ckn ds l= ds volku ds iwoZ nksuksa lnu] ;FkkfLFkfr] ml
fu;e ;k fofu;e esa dksbZ ifjorZu djus ds fy, lger gks tk,a rks rRi'pkr~ og fu;e
;k fofu;e ,sls ifjofrZr :i esa gh izHkkoh gksxkA ;fn mDr volku ds iwoZ nksuksa lger
gks tk,a fd og fu;e ;k fofu;e ugha cuk;k tkuk pkfg, rks rRi'pkr~ og fu"izHkkoh gks
tk,xkA fdUrq ml fu;e ;k fofu;e ds ,sls ifjofrZr ;k fu"izHkko gksus ls mlds vèkhu
igys dh xbZ fdlh ckr dh fof/kekU;rk ij izfrdwy izHkko ugha iM+sxkA
37- dfBukb;ksa dks nwj djus dh 'kfDr &
¼1½ ;fn bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa dks izHkkoh djus esa dksbZ dfBukbZ mRiUu gksrh gS
rks dsUnzh; ljdkj] jkti= esa izdkf'kr vkns'k }kjk] bl vf/kfu;e ds mica/kksa ls
vlaxr ,sls mica/k dj ldsxh tks mls ,slh dfBukbZ dks nwj djus ds fy, vko';d
izrhr gksa %
ijUrq bl /kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ Hkh vkns'k bl vf/kfu;e ds izkjEHk ls rhu
o"kZ ds volku ds i'pkr~ ugha fd;k tk,xkA
¼2½ bl /kkjk ds v/khu fd;k x;k izR;sd vkns'k] fd, tkus ds i'pkr~ ;Fkk'kh?kz] laln~
ds izR;sd lnu ds le{k j[kk tk,xkA

V-* Hkk-v-t-izk- ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2001 }kjk var% LFkkfirA

B-* Hkk-v-t-izk- ¼la'kks/ku½ vf/kfu;e] 2001 }kjk var% LFkkfirA

73
38- 1982 ds vf/kfu;e 49 dk la'kks/ku & jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ¼xaxk&HkkxhjFkh&gqxyh unh
bykgkckn&gyfn;k [k.M½ vf/kfu;e] 1982 esa]&
¼d½ /kkjk 3 esa ÞdsUnzh; ljdkjß 'kCnksa ds LFkku ij Þla?kß 'kCn j[ks tk,axs vkSj Þblesa
micaf/kr foLrkj rdß 'kCnksa ds LFkku ij ÞHkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkfèkdj.k
vfèkfu;e] 1985 esa micaf/kr foLrkj rdß 'kCn vkSj vad j[ks tk,axs (
¼[k½ /kkjk 4 ls ysdj /kkjk 15 rd dk yksi fd;k tk,xkA
l vkj- oh- ,l- isfj 'kkL=h
lfpo] Hkkjr ljdkj

74
 [kaM & II
Ikksr ifjogu ea=ky;
¼ Hkkjrh; varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k ½
vf/klwpuk
ubZ fnYyh] 30 uoEcj] 2004
Hkkjrh; varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k] Hkkjrh; varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e]
1985 ¼1985 dk 82½ dh /kkjk 35 }kjk iznÙk “kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq,] dsUnzh; ljdkj ds
iwokZuqeksnu ls] jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij VDdj fuokj.k ds fy, fuEufyf[kr fofu;e cukrk gS]
vFkkZr~%&
1- laf{kIr uke vkSj izkjaHk &
1- bu fofu;eksa dk laf{kIr uke jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij VDdj fuokj.k fofu;e] 2002
gSA
2- ;s jkti= esa izdk”ku dh rkjh[k dks izo`Ùk gksaxsA
2- foLrkj vkSj ykxw gksuk &
¼1½ ;s fofu;e jk’Vªh; tyekxksZa ij lHkh ty;kuksa dks ykxw gksaxsA
¼2½ lHkh ty;ku] tks jk’Vªh; tyekxksZa esa pyk, tk jgs gSa] lkekU; ukfod i)fr vkSj
ty;ku dh lhekvksa }kjk visf{kr iwokZo/kkfu;ksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, bu fofu;ekssa
dk ikyu djsaxsA
v/;k;&1
ifjHkk"kk,a
3- bu fofu;eksa esa] tc rd lanHkZ ls vU;Fkk visf{kr u gks] &
¼d½ ^^vf/kfu;e^^ ls Hkkjrh; varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1985 ¼ 1985 dk
82 ½ vfHkizsr gS
¼[k½ ^^izkf/kdj.k^^ ls vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 3 ds v/khu xfBr Hkkjrh; varnsZ”kh; tyekxZ
izkfèkdj.k vfHkizsr gS (
¼x½ ^^l{ke vf/kdkjh^^ ls izkf/kdj.k }kjk ml :Ik esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k dksbZ ,slk
vfèkdkjh vfHkizsr gS tks fodkl] izca/k vkSj vuqj{k.k ds fy, fdlh jk’Vªh; tyekxZ
ds fdlh lsD”ku dk Hkkjlk/kd gks (
¼?k½ ^^ty;ku dh yEckbZ vkSj pkSM+kbZ^^ ls fdlh ty;ku dh vf/kdre yEckbZ vkSj
pkSM+kbZ vfHkizsr gS
¼M-½ ^^;a= uksfnr ty;ku^^ ls fo|qr] Hkki ;k vU; ;kaf=d fo|qr “kfDr }kjk iw.kZr% ;k
Hkkxr% uksfnr izR;sd o.kZu dk ty;ku vfHkizsr gS (
¼p½ ^^pyr ty;ku^^ ls ukSdk;u ds v/khu dksbZ ,slk ty;ku vfHkizsr gS ijUrq ftlesa
,slh e”khujh yxh gS] ftldk mi;ksx ugha fd;k tk jgk gS (

75
 ¼N½ ^^pkyw ekxkZ/khu ty;ku^^ ls ,slk ty;ku vfHkizsr gS tks yaxj esa ugha gS ;k ftls
rV ij cka/kk ;k HkwxzLr ugha fd;k x;k gS (
¼t½ ^^eNyh idM+us esa yxk ty;ku^^ ls ,slk ty;ku vfHkizsr gS tks tkyksa] ykbuksa]
Vªkyksa ;k vU; eNyh idM+us ds lkf/k=ksa ls] dkS”ky dks fucZfU/kr djrk gS] eNyh
idM+rs gSa (
¼>½ ^^ty;ku tks dekaM ds v/khu ugha gS^^ ls ,slk ty;ku vfHkizsr gS tks dqN
vkiokfnd ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa bu fu;eksa dh vis{kkuqlkj dkS”ky fn[kkus esa vleFkZ gS
vkSj blfy, og fdlh vU; ty;ku dks ekxZ ls ckgj j[kus esa vleFkZ gS (
¼´½ ^^,slk ty;ku tks vius dkS”ky fn[kkus esa fucZfU/kr gS^^ ls ,slk ty;ku vfHkizsr
gS tks vius dk;Z dh iz—fr ls bu fu;eksa dh vis{kkuqlkj dkS”ky fn[kkus esa viuh
;ksX;rk ls fucZfU/kr gS vkSj blfy,] og fdlh vU; ty;ku dks ekxZ ls ckgj j[kus
esa vleFkZ gSA fuEufyf[kr ty;ku viuk dkS”ky fn[kkus esa ;ksX;rk ls fucZfU/kr
ty;ku ds :Ik esa le>s tk,axs (
¼i½ ,slk ty;ku tks ukSogu fpUg] leqnzh dscy ;k ikbiykbu fcNkus] mldh
lfoZl djus ;k mls mBkus esa yxk gS]
¼ii½ ,slk ty;ku tks MSªftax] losZ{k.k ;k vartZyh; lafØ;kvksa esa yxk gS]
¼iii½ ,slk ty;ku tks ,slh d’kZ.k lafØ;k esa yxk gS] mls vius iFk ls fopfyr
ugha gksus nsrk gS]
¼V½ ^^ty;ku^^ dks dsoy rHkh ^^,d nwljs ty;ku ds n`f’Vxr^^ le>k tk,xk tc
ty;ku nwljs ls n`”;eku :Ik ls laizsf{kr fd;k tk ldrk gS (
¼B½ ^^ty;ku^^ ls ty;ku dk ,slk izR;sd o.kZu vfHkizsr gS ftlds varxZr y?kq ;ku]
pIiw ;k iky ds v/khu ty;ku] Iyou miLdj vkSj vfoLFkkiu Øk¶V Hkh gS (
¼M-½ ^^fucZfU/kr n`”;rk^^ ls dksbZ ,slh n”kk ftlesa n`”;rk] dksgjs] /kqa/k] Hkkjh o’kkZ]rwQku
;k fdlh vU; oSls gh dkj.kksa ls fucZfU/kr gS] vfHkizsr gS %
¼<½ ^^fu;e^^ ls lM+d ds fu;e vfHkizsr gSa]
¼.k½ mu “kCnksa ds] ftudk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS fdarq ifjHkkf’kr ugha gS] Øe”k% ogh vFkZ
gksaxs tks muds vf/kfu;e ;k mlds v/khu cuk, x, fu;eksa esa gSaA
v/;k;&2
vfHkpkyu vkSj pkyu fu;e
Hkkx & I
n`”;rk dh fdlh n”kk esa ty;kuksa dk lapkyu
4 ykxw gksuk & bl Hkkx ds fofu;e n`”;rk dh fdlh n”kk esa ykxw gksaxsA
5- vos{kd & izR;sd ty;ku gj le; fo|eku ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj n”kkvksa esa n`”; vkSj JO;
}kjk rFkk lHkh miyC/k leqfpr lk/kuksa }kjk ,d lwfpr vos{kd j[ksxk ftlls fd fLFkfr
vkSj VDdj ds tksf[ke dk iw.kZ ewY;kadu fd;k tk ldsA tylj.kh fpUgkadu ds fy,
mi;ksx fd;s x;s iznhIr fcanq dk irk yxkus ds fy, ty;kuksa esa lpZykbVksa dk mi;ksx
djsxkA

76
6- lqjf{kr xfr & ¼1½ izR;sd ty;ku gj le; lqjf{kr xfr ls vxzlj gksxk ftlls fd
og VDdj vkSj Mwcus ls cpus ds fy, leqfpr vkSj izHkkoh dkjZokbZ dj lds vkSj fo|eku
ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj n”kkvksa esa leqfpr nwjh ds Hkhrj jksdk tk ldsA
¼2½ lqjf{kr xfr vo/kkfjr djus esa] fuEufyf[kr dkjd mu dkj.kksa esa ls gksaxs ftu ij
fopkj fd;k tk,xk &
¼d½ lHkh ty;kuksa }kjk
¼i½ n`”;rk dh fLFkfr]
¼ii½ ;krk;kr ?kuRo ftlds varxZr eRL; ty;ku ;k vU; ty;kusa dk ladsnz.k
Hkh gS]
¼iii½ fo|eku n”kkvksa esa jksdus dh nwjh vkSj eqM+us dh {kerk ds izfr fo”ks’k funsZ”k
ls ty;ku dh ;qfDrpkydrk]
¼iv½ unh] ok;q] rjax vkSj ukSifjogu ifjladVksa dh laHkkO; fLFkfr]
¼v½ fnu vkSj jkr ukSifjogu lgk;rk vkSj tylj.kh fpUgkadu dh fLFkfr rFkk
miyC/krk
¼vi½ tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k }kjk vf/kjksfir xfr fucZU/ku]
¼vii½ miyC/k ty dh xgjkbZ ds lkis{k ty;ku dk Mqcko]
¼viii½ jkrksa esa i`’Bk/kkj cÙkh dh mifLFkfr tSls rV cÙkh ls ;k viuh gh cfÙk;ksa
ds i`’B Hkkx ls fNrjkuk]
¼[k½ vfrfjDr :Ik ls] lafØ;kRed jkMkj lfgr ty;ku }kjk
¼i½ fo”ks’krk,a] jkMkj miLdj dh n{krk]
¼ii½ jkMkj }kjk irk yxk, x, ty;kuksa dh la[;k vofLFkfr vkSj lapyu]
vkSj
¼iii½ n`”;rk dk vf/kd lgh fu/kkZj.k tks rc laHko gks ldsxk tc lehi esa jkMkj
dk mi;ksx ty;kuksa ;k oLrqvksa dh jsat vo/kkj.k ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA
7- VDdj dk tksf[ke & ¼d½ ;fn VDdj dk tksf[ke fo|eku gS rks mldk vo/kkj.k djus
ds fy, izR;sd ty;ku fo|eku ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj n”kkvksa ds leqfpr lHkh miyC/k lk/kuksa
dk mi;ksx djsxkA vkSj ;fn dksbZ lansg gS rks ,slk tksf[ke fo|eku le>k tk,xkA
¼[k½ ;fn VDdj dk tksf[ke fo|eku gS rks mldk vo/kkj.k djus esa fuEufyf[kr ckrsa
mu ckrksa esa gksaxh ftudks /;ku esa j[kk tk,xk &
¼i½ ,sls tksf[ke dks rc fo|eku le>k tk,xk tc fdlh igq¡pus okys ty;ku
ij yxs dEikl ij dksbZ egRoiw.kZ ifjorZu ugha gksrk gS rFkk vius ty;ku
ls Li’V nwjh ?kVrh gS]
¼ii½ ,sls tksf[ke dHkh&dHkh rc Hkh fo|eku gksrs gSa tc lqcks/k ifjorZu Li’V
gks] fof”k’Vr;k rc tc fo”kky ty;ku vk jgk gks ;k fdlh dk ihNk dj
jgk gks ;k tc vkus okyk ty;ku lfUudV jsat esa fdlh ty;ku dk ihNk
dj jgk gks] vkSj

77
 ¼iii½ ,sls ty;ku ftlesa dEikl fQV ugha fd;k x;k gS] ;fn lkis{k fLFkfr
vifjofrZr jgrh gSA
8- VDDj ls cpus ds fy, dkjZokbZ & ¼d½ VDdj ls cpus ds fy, dksbZ dkjZokbZ ;fn
Lohdkj fd, x, ekeys dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ ldkjkRed gSa] Ik;kZIr le; esa vkSj vPNh ukfodrk
ds laizs{k.k dks /;ku esa j[krs gq,] mfpr le; esa dkjZokbZ djsxkA
¼[k½ VDdj ls cpus ds fy, fdlh fdukjs ;k xfr esa ifjorZu rc fd;k tk,xk ;fn
ekeys dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ lqdj :Ik ls n`”;eku vU; ty;ku dh miyC/krk dks
Lohdkj djrh gSaA fdukjs ds y?kq ifjorZuksa vkSj@;k xfr ifjorZuksa ls cpuk
pkfg,A
¼x½ ;fn Ik;kZIr LFkku gS rks iFk ifjorZu gh fdlh lfUudV DokVZj fLFkfr ls cpus ds
fy, vfr izHkkoh dkjZokbZ gksxh] ijUrq ;g rc tc fd ;g mfpr le; esa dh xbZ
gks] lkjoku gS vkSj bldk ifj.kke dksbZ vU; lfUudV DokVZj ugha gksrk gS]
¼?k½ fdlh vU; ty;ku ds lkFk VDdj ls cpus ds fy, dh xbZ dkjZokbZ ,slh dkjZokbZ
gksxh ftldk ifj.kke lqjf{kr nwjh ij ls xqtjuk gksxk] dkjZokbZ dh izHkkfodrk dh
rc rd lko/kkuhiwoZd tk¡p dh tkuh pkfg, tc rd fd vU; ty;ku vfUre
:Ik ls xqtj u x;k gks ;k fudy u x;k gks
¼M-½ VDdj ls cpus ds fy, ;fn vko”;d gks ;k fLFkfr dk vuqeku yxkus ds fy,
vfèkd le; vuqKkr fd;k x;k gks] rks ty;ku viuh xfr de dj nsxk ;k vius
uksnu ds lk/kuksa dks jksddj ;k cnydj ekxZ idM+sxkA
¼9½ ladh.kZ tyljf.k;ka & ¼d½ ladh.kZ ty lj.kh ds iFk ds lkFk lkFk vxzlj gksus okyk
dksbZ ty;ku tylj.kh ds ckg~; lhek ds bruk fudV jgsxk fd tks mlds nf{k.kh ik[k
ij bl izdkj gks fd og lqjf{kr vkSj O;ogk;Z ekuk tk,A 10 ehVj ls de yEckbZ dk
dksbZ ty;ku ;k dksbZ pyr ty;ku fdlh ,sls ty;ku ds ekxZ dks vo#) ugha djsxk
ftldk fpfUgr tylj.kh ds Hkhrj gh lqj{kkiwoZd ifjogu fd;k tk ldsA
¼[k½ eNyh idM+us esa yxk ty;ku ukO; tylj.kh esa fdlh vU; ty;ku ds ekxZ esa
ck/kk ugha MkysxkA
¼x½ dksbZ ty;ku fdlh ukO; tylj.kh dks ikj ugha djsxkA ;fn ,sls ikj fd, tkus
ls ukO; tylj.kh ds lkFk lkFk Åijh izokg ;k vuqizokg esa vxzlj gksus okys
ty;ku ds ekxZ esa ck/kk mRiUu gksrh gSA
¼?k½ ladh.kZ tylj.kh esa dsoy rHkh vksojVsd fd;k tk ldsxk ;fn vksojVsd fd,
tkus okys ty;ku dks lqjf{kr xqtjus ds fy, vuqKk izkIr djus ds fy, dkjZokbZ
dh tkuh gks] vksojVsd djus ds fy, vk”kf;r ty;ku fofu;e 34 ¼[k½ esa fofgr
leqfpr ladsrksa dh /ofu ctkdj vius vk”k; dks minf”kZr djsxkA vksojVsd
fd;k tkus okyk ty;ku ;fn djkj esa gS rks fofu;e 34 ¼ [k ½ esa fofgr leqfpr
ladsrksa dh /ofu ctk,xk vkSj lqjf{kr xqtjus dh vuqKk izkIr djsxkA ;fn lansg
gS rks og fofu;e 34 ¼x½ esa fofgr ladsr /ofu ctk,xkA ;g fofu;e vksojVsd
djus okys ty;ku dks fofu;e 13 ds v/khu mldh ck/;rk ls fueqZDr ugha djrk
gSA

78
 ¼M-½ ;fn dksbZ ty;ku fdlh cSaM ds ;k ladh.kZ tylj.kh ds fdlh {ks= ds fudV gS]
tgka vU; ty;kuksa dks e/;orhZ ck/kkvksa }kjk ckf/kr fd;k tkrk gS] og fof”k’V
psrkouh vkSj lko/kkuh iwoZd ukSifjogu djsxk vkSj fofu;e 34 ¼?k½ esa fofgr
leqfpr ladsr /ofu ctk,xk ( vkSj
¼p½ izR;sd ty;ku] ;fn ekeys dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vuqKkr djrh gS ladh.kZ tylj.kh esa
yaxj yxkus ls cpsxkA
10- ,dy ysu ;krk;kr & tc ,dy ysu ;krk;kr izo`Ùk gks rc ty;ku ysu esa dsoy
rHkh izos”k djsaxs tc ;krk;kr ladsr ,slk djus ds fy, vuqKkr djsaA ysu esa jgrs le;
ty;ku vf/kdre vuqKs; xfr ds lkFk vxzlfjr gksxk vkSj ;FkklaHko “kh?kz tylj.kh
dks fjDr djsxkA ty;ku ;krk;kr ysu esa u rks :dsaxs vkSj u yaxj yxk,axs vkSj yaxj
ij izrh{kkjr ty;kuksa ds lkFk VDdj ls cpus ds fy, ,dy ysu esa izos”k djus ;k mls
NksM+rs le; lko/kkuh cjrsaxsA
Hkkx & II
ty;ku®a dk ,d nwljs ds fn[kkbZ nsus ij lapkyu &
11- ykxw gksuk & bl Hkkx ds fofu;e ,sls ty;kuksa dks ykxw gksaxs tks ,d nwljs dks fn[kkbZ
nsrs gSaA
12- pyr ty;ku & ¼d½ tgka nks pyr ty;ku ,d nwljs dh vksj bl izdkj vk jgs gksa
ftlesa VDdj dh tksf[ke vUroZfyr gks ogka buesa ls ,d nwljs ds ekxZ ls fuEukuqlkj
ckgj jgsxk &
¼i½ xSj Tokjh; unh esa tc ,d ty;ku Åifj izokg dh vksj vxzlfjr gks jgk gS vkSj
vU; ty;ku vuqizokg dh vksj vxzlj gks jgk gS rks Åifj izokg dh vksj vxzlfjr
gksus okyk ty;ku vU; ds fy, ekxZ NksM+ nsxkA
¼ii½ tc nksuksa gh Åifj izokg ;k vuqizokg dh vksj vxzlfjr gks jgs gksa vkSj Tokjh;
yxwu esa gksa] rks og ty;ku tks ioukfHkeq[k gS] og ml ty;ku ds fy, ekxZ NksM+
nsxk tks vuqokr esa gSA
¼iii½ og ty;ku tks eqDr py jgk gS] og ml ty;ku ds fy, ekxZ NksM+ nsxk tks
Dykst gkYM esa gS]
¼iv½ ,slk ty;ku tks iÙku VSad ij Dykst gkYM esa gS og ,sls ty;ku ds fy, ekxZ
NksM+sxk tks nf{k.kh ik[k ij Dykst gkYM esa gS]
¼[k½ bl fofu;e ds iz;kstu ds fy, ^Åijh izokg^ /kkjk ds fo#) fn”kk vkSj vuqizokg
/kkjk dh fn”kk le>h tk,xhA ^^ioukfHkeq[k^^ i{k ls og i{k le>k tk,xk tks
mlds fo#) gS ftl ij eq[; lsy ;k nh?kZre Qksj vkSj vk¶V lsy fd;k tkrk
gSA
13- vksojVsd djuk & ¼d½ bl Hkkx ds fofu;eksa esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fdlh vU;
ty;ku dks vksojVsd djus okyk ty;ku vksojVsd fd, tk jgs ty;ku dks ekxZ ls ckgj
j[ksxk]

79
 ¼[k½ ,sls ty;ku dks vksojVsd fd, tkus okyk ty;ku le>k tk,xk tc og fdlh
fn”kk ls vU; ty;ku ds lkFk vius che ds ihNs 22-5 fMxzh ls vf/kd vk jgk gks
vFkkZr~ ,slh fLFkfr esa ftlds izfr funsZ”k ls ,slk ty;ku ls ftls og vksojVsd
dj jgk gS] jkr esa gh og dsoy ty;ku dh LVuZ cÙkh vkSj Vksb¡x cÙkh dks ns[kus
esa leFkZ gksxk u fd mldh lkbM cfÙk;ksa dksA
¼x½ nks ty;kuksa ds chp gksus okys Ik”pkrorhZ dksbZ ifjorZu fdlh vksojVsd djus
okys ty;ku dks bu fu;eksa ds vFkkZUrxZr dksbZ ikjxeu ty;ku ugha cuk,xk ;k
vksojVsd fd, x, ty;ku dks fudklh ds mlds dÙkZO; ls fueqZDr rc rd ugha
djsxk tc rd fd og vfUre :Ik ls xqtj u tk, vkSj mldh fudklh u gks
tk,A
14- vkeus lkeus dh fLFkfr & tgk¡ nsk ;a= uksfnr ty;ku ikjLifjd ;k yxHkx ikjLifjd
ekxksZa esa feyrs gSa ftlesa VDdj dk tksf[ke vUroZfyr gS] izR;sd viuk iFk nf{k.kh ik[k
ij ifjofrZr djsxk ftlls fd og izR;sd iÙku dh nwljh vksj xqtj ldsA
15- ikj djus dh fLFkfr & tgk¡ nks ;a=ukssfnr ty;ku ,d nwljs dks ikj dj jgs gksa ftlesa
VDdj dk tksf[ke vUroZfyr gks] rks og ty;ku vius nf{k.kh ik[k dh vksj gS] nwljk
nwljh vksj gS rks og ekxZ ls ckgj j[ksxk] ;fn ekeys dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vuqKkr djsa rks og
vU; ty;ku ls vkxs fudydj tkus ls cp ldsxkA
16- ekxZ nsus okys ty;ku }kjk dkjZokbZ & izR;sd ty;ku ftls bu fofu;eksa }kjk fdlh
ty;ku dks ekxZ ls ckgj j[kus ds fy, funsZ”k fn;k tkrk gS ;FkklaHko “kh?kz vPNh fudklh
dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, lkjoku dkjZokbZ djsxkA
17- [kM+s ty;ku }kjk dkjZokbZ &
¼d½ ¼i½ bu fofu;eksa esa ls fdlh fofu;e ds }kjk nks ty;kuksa esa ls ,d ty;ku
ekxZ ls ckgj jgrk gS] rks vU; ty;ku vius iFk ij pysxk vkSj xfr cuk,
j[ksxk]
¼ii½ rFkkfi] ckn okyk ty;ku tSls gh mls ;g izrhr gksrk gS fd og ty;ku
ftls ekxZ ls ckgj j[kk tkuk gS] bu fofu;eksa ds vuqikyu esa dkjZokbZ ugha
dj jgk gS rks og vius dsoy pky }kjk VDdj ls cpus ds fy, dkjZokbZ
djsxkA
¼[k½ tc fdlh dkj.k ls ,slk ty;ku ftls viuk iFk vkSj xfr cuk, j[kuk visf{kr
gS vkSj ;g ikrk gS fd og bruk fudV gS fd ty;ku dks dsoy ekxZ nsdj gh
VDdj ls ugha cpk tk ldrk gS rks og ,slh dkjZokbZ djsxk tks VDdj ls cpus
ds fy, loksZÙke gksA
¼x½ ,sls dksbZ ty;ku tks fdlh vU; ty;ku ds lkFk VDdj ls cpus ds fy, bl
fofu;e ds mi & iSjk d ¼ii½ ds vuqlkj fLFkfr ikj djus esa dkjZokbZ djrk gS]
;fn ekeys dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vuqKkr djas rks og vius Lo;a ds iÙku dh vksj fdlh
ty;ku ds fy, iÙku ds iFk dks ugha cnysxk] vkSj
¼?k½ ;g fofu;e ekxZ nsus okys ty;ku dks ekxZ ls ckgj j[kus dh ck/;rk ls fueqZDr
ugha djrk gSA

80
18- ty;kuksa dk ¼ds chp½ mÙkjnkf;Ro & flok; mlds tgka fofu;e 9 vkSj fofu;e 13
esa vU;Fkk visf{kr gks] &
¼d½ ekxkZ/khu ;a=uksfnr ty;ku fuEufyf[kr ds fy, ekxZ NksM+sxk &
¼i½ dksbZ ,slk ty;ku tks dekaM ds v/khu ugha gS]
¼ii½ dksbZ ,slk ty;ku ftls mlds pykus dh ;ksX;rk ls fucZfU/kr fd;k x;k
gS]
¼iii½ ty;ku tks eNyh idM+us esa yxk gS]
¼iv½ dksbZ pyr ty;ku] pIiw ;k ns”kh uko ds v/khu ty;ku] vkSj
¼v½ ;fn fo|eku ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vuqKkr djsa Åifj izokg dh vksj vxzlfjr
ty;ku }kjk vuqizokg dh vksj vxzlfjr djus okyk dksbZ ty;kuA
¼[k½ ekxkZ/khu dksbZ pyr ty;ku fuEufyf[kr dks ekxZ nsxk &
¼i½ dksbZ ,slk ty;ku tks dekaM ds v/khu ugha gS]
¼ii½ dksbZ ,slk ty;ku ftls mlds pykus dh ;ksX;rk ls fucZfU/kr fd;k x;k
gS]
¼iii½ ,slk ty;ku tks eNyh idM+us esa yxk gS]
¼x½ eNyh idM+us esa yxk ty;ku tc og ekxkZ/khu gks rc fuEufyf[kr dks ekxZ ls
ckgj j[ksxk &
¼i½ dksbZ ,slk ty;ku tks dekaM ds v/khu ugha gS]
¼i½ dksbZ ,slk ty;ku ftls mlds pykus dh ;ksX;rk ls fucZfU/kr fd;k x;k
gSA
Hkkx&III
fucZfU/kr n`’;rk esa ty;kuksa dk lapkyu
19- ykxw gksuk &
¼d½ ;g fofu;e ,sls ty;kuksa dks ykxw gksrk gS ftudk fdlh fucZfU/kr n`”;rk {ks= esa
;k mlds fudV vkeus lkeus ukSifjogu fd;k tk jgk gks (
¼[k½ izR;sd ty;ku tc mldk ukSifjogu fucZfU/kr n`”;rk {ks= esa fd;k tk jgk gks]
fofu;e 34 ds vuqlkj leqfpr /ofu ladsr nsxk vkSj cfÙk;k¡ iznf”kZr djsxk]
¼x½ izR;sd ty;ku fo|eku ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj fucZfU/kr n`”;rk dh “krksZa ds vuqdwy
lqjf{kr xfr ls vxzlfjr gksxkA dksbZ ;a= uksfnr ty;ku rqjar pyus ds fy,
viuk batu rS;kj j[ksxkA
¼?k½ izR;sd ty;ku] bl Hkkx ds fofu;e dk vuqikyu djrs le; fo|eku ifjfLFkfr;ksa
vkSj fucZfU/kr n`”;rk dh “krksZa dks lE;d~ /;ku esa j[ksxkA
¼M-½ mlds flok; tgka ;g vo/kkfjr fd;k x;k gS fd VDdj dk tksf[ke fo|eku ugha
gS] izR;sd ty;ku tks vius che ij Li’V :Ik ls vxzlj gksrs gq, nwljs ty;ku
dk dksgjk ladsr lqurk gS ;k tks vius che ij vxzlfjr gksrs gq, fdlh ty;ku

81
 ls Vdjkus dh fLFkfr ls cp ugha ldrk] viuh xfr de dj nsxk vkSj ;fn
vko”;d gks rks og ekxZ ls vyx [kM+k gks tk,xk vkSj fdlh Hkh {k.k VDdj dk
[krjk lekIr gksus rd vR;f/kd lko/kkuh ls ukSifjogu djsxkA
v/;k;&3
cfÙk;k¡ vkSj vkdkj &
20- ykxw gksuk &
¼d½ bl v/;k; ds fofu;eksa dk lHkh ekSleksa esa ikyu fd;k tk,xkA
¼[k½ cfÙk;ksa ls lacaf/kr fofu;eksa dk lw;kZLr ls lw;ksZn; rd vuqikyu fd;k tk,xk vkSj
,ssls le;ksa ds nkSjku dksbZ vU; cfÙk;k¡ iznf”kZr ugha dh tk,axh] ,slh cfÙk;ksa ds
flok; ftUgsa bu fu;eksa esa fofufnZ’V cfÙk;ksa ds fy, Hkzfer ugha fd;k tk ldrk ;k
tks mudh n`”;rk ;k lqfHkUu fo”ks’krk dks {kh.k ugha dj ldrh gSa ;k tks leqfpr
vos{k.k dks cuk, j[kus esa gLr{ksi djrh gSaA
¼x½ bu fofu;eksa }kjk fofgr cfÙk;ka Hkh] ;fn yxkbZ tkrh gSa] fucZfU/kr n`”;rk esa
lw;ksZn; ls lw;kZLr rd laiznf”kZr dh tk,xh vkSj tc bls vko”;d le>k tk,]
;g vU; ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa laiznf”kZr dh tk ldsaxhA
¼?k½ vkdkjksa ls lacaf/kr fofu;eksa dk fnu esa gh vuqikyu fd;k tk,xkA
¼M-½ bu fu;eksa esa tc rd fd vU;Fkk fofufnZ’V u fd;k tk,] cfÙk;ka vkSj vkdkj leqnz
ij VDdj fuokj.k vUrjkZ’Vªh; fofu;e ¼1972½ ds mikca/k 1 ds mica/kksa ds vuqlkj
voLFkkiu vkSj rduhdh C;kSjksa dk vuqikyu djsaxsA
21- ifjHkk"kk,a &
¼d½ ^^eLrwy “kh’kZ cÙkh^^ ls ty;ku ds dsanz fcUnq ds vxzHkkx vkSj fiNys Hkkx ij yxkbZ
xbZ lQsn cÙkh vfHkizsr gS tks 225 fMxzh ds f{kfrt ds fdlh pki ij fujarj izdk”k
nf”kZr djrh gS vkSj ;s bl izdkj yxkbZ xbZ gks rkfd ty;ku ds fdlh Hkh vksj
che ds ihNs 22-5 fMxzh rd nk,a vxz Hkkx ls izdk”k nf”kZr gks ldsA ;g cÙkh
;Fkklk/; isVk ds Åij 20 ehVj ;k vf/kd yEckbZ okys ty;ku ds fy, 3 ehVj
ls de Å¡pkbZ ugha gksxh vkSj 20 ehVj ls de yEckbZ okys ty;kuksa ds fy, 2
ehVj gksxhA
¼[k½ ^^lkbM ykbV^^ ls nf{k.kh ik[k dh lkbM ij dksbZ gjh cÙkh vkSj iÙku lkbM ij
dksbZ yky cÙkh vfHkizsr gS tks izR;sd 112-5 fMxzh ds f{kfrt ds fdlh pki ij
fujarj izdk”k nf”kZr djrh gS vkSj ftls bl izdkj yxk;k tk, fd og viuh
lacafèkr lkbM ij che ds ihNs 22-5 fMxzh ds nk,a vxz Hkkx ls izdk”k nf”kZr dj
lds] 20 ehVj ls de dh yackbZ okys ty;ku esa lkbM dh cfÙk;ka ty;ku ds
dsUnz fcanq ds vkxs vkSj ihNs ds Hkkx ij yxs ykyVsu ls la;qDr gks ldsaxhA lkbM
dh cfÙk;ka eLrwy “kh’kZ cÙkh ls 1 ehVj ls vU;wu ls uhps yxkbZ tk,xhA
¼x½ ^^fiPNy cÙkh^^ ls 135 fMxzh ds f{kfrt ds fdlh pki ds Åij ihNs nf”kZr djus ds
fy, ;Fkklk/; fudVre :Ik ls yxkbZ xbZ dksbZ lQsn cÙkh vfHkizsr gS vkSj ftls
bl izdkj yxk;k x;k gks ftlls fd ty;ku ds izR;sd lkbM ij fiPNy cÙkh ls
67-5 fMxzh dk izdk”k nf”kZr gks ldsaA

82
 ¼?k½ ^^vuqd’kZ.k cÙkh^^ ls dksbZ ,slh ihyh cÙkh vfHkizsr gS ftldh fo”ks’krk,a ogh gSa tks
bl fofu;e ds iSjk ¼x½ esa ifjHkkf’kr ^^fiPNy cÙkh^^ dh gSaA
¼M-½ ^^bnZ fxnZ cÙkh^^ ls ,slh cÙkh vfHkizsr gS tks 360 fMxzh ds f{kfrt ds fdlh pki ij
fujarj izdk”k nf”kZr djrh gSA
¼p½ ^^dkSa/k cÙkh^^ ls fu;fer varjkyksa dh dkSa/k dh dksbZ cÙkh vfHkizsr gSA
22- cfÙk;ksa dh n`';rk & bu fofu;eksa esa fofgr cfÙk;ka fuEufyf[kr U;wure jsatksa ij
n`”;eku gksxh &
¼d½ yEckbZ esa 20 ehVj ;k vf/kd dk dksbZ ty;ku] eLrwy “kh’kZ cÙkh] 3 ehy] lkbM
cÙkh 2 ehy] fiPNy cÙkh 2 ehy] vuqd’kZ.k cÙkh 1 ehy]
¼[k½ yEckbZ esa 20 ehVj ;k vf/kd dk dksbZ ty;ku] eLrwy “kh’kZ cÙkh] 2 ehy] lkbM
cÙkh 1 ehy] fiPNy cÙkh 2 ehy] vuqd’kZ.k cÙkh 1 ehy] lQsn] yky] gjh ;k ihyh
prqfnZdh cÙkh 1 ehyA
Tky;kuksa }kjk iznf'kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka &
23- ekxkZ/khu ;a=uksfnr ty;ku }kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka &
¼d½ ekxkZ/khu dksbZ ;a=uksfnr ty;ku fuEufyf[kr iznf”kZr djsxk &
¼i½ dksbZ eLrwy “kh’kZ cÙkh vxz
¼ii½ lkbM cfÙk;ka
¼iii½ fiPNy cÙkhA
¼[k½ 10 ehVj ls de dh yackbZ dk ;a=uksfnr ty;ku iSjk ¼d½ esa fofgr cfÙk;ksa ds
LFkku ij prqfnZdh lQsn cÙkh iznf”kZr dj ldsxk vkSj ;fn lk/; gks lkbM ykbVas
;k la;qDr ykyVsu Hkh iznf”kZr dj ldsxkA
24- vuqd’kZ.k vkSj /kdsyus okys ty;kuksa }kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka & ¼d½ dksbZ
;a=uksfn ty;ku tc og vuqd’kZ.k dj jgk gks ;k /kdsy jgk gks &
¼i½ tc vuqd’kZ.k dh yackbZ 200 ehVj ls vf/kd gS] rks yacor js[kk esa vxzHkkx esa nks
eLrwy “kh’kZ cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr djsxkA yacor js[kk esa ,slh 3 cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr djsxkA
;s cfÙk;ka fofu;e 23 ¼d½ esa fofgr cfÙk;ksa ds LFkku ij gksxhA cfÙk;ka 1 ehVj ls
vU;wu nwjh ij vyx vyx yxkbZ tk,axh vkSj iksr[kksy ds Åij lcls uhps yxkbZ
xbZ cÙkh dh Å¡pkbZ nks ehVj ls de ugha gksxhA
¼ii½ lkbM ykbVsaA
¼iii½ fiPNy cÙkhA
¼iv½ fiPNy cÙkh ds Åij yacor js[kk esa dksbZ vuqd’kZ.k cÙkh
¼[k½ tc /kdsyus okyk ty;ku vkSj vkxs dh vksj /kdsys tkus okyk ty;ku fdlh
la;qDr ;wfuV esa la;ksftr gSa] rks mUgsa ;a=uksfnr ty;ku ds :Ik esa le>k tk,xk
vkSj fofu;e 23 esa fofgr cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr dh tk,xhA

83
 ¼x½ ,slk dksbZ ty;ku ;k oLrq tks vuqdf’kZr dh tk jgh gS] fuEufyf[kr iznf”kZr
djsxk&
¼i½ lkbM ykbVsaA
¼ii½ fiPNy cÙkhA
Ikjarq fdlh lewg esa vuqdf’kZr fd, tk jgs ;k /kdsys tk jgs ty;kuksa dh dksbZ la[;k ,d
gh ty;ku ds :Ik esa izdkf”kr dh tk,xhA
¼?k½ vkxs /kdsys tkus okys dksbZ ty;ku dks tks la;qDr ;wfuV dk Hkkx ugha gS] og vxz
fljs ij lkbM cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr djsxkA
¼M-½ fdlh ,d vuqdf’kZr fd, tk jgs ty;ku ij fiPNy cÙkh] vxzHkkx esa fljs dh
lkbM cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr dh tk,xhA
¼p½ tgka fdlh Ik;kZIr dkj.k ls] vuqdf’kZr fd, tk jgs ty;ku ;k fdlh oLrq ds fy,
;g vlk/; gS fd bl fofu;e esa fofgr cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr dh tk,a] ogka ty;ku ;k
oLrq ij cfÙk;ka yxkus ds fy, lHkh laHko mik; fd, tk,axs ftlls fd de ls
de fcuk cÙkh okys ty;ku ;k oLrq dh fo|ekurk minf”kZr gks ldsA
25- pyr ty;ku vkSj pIiw ds v/khu ty;kuksa }kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka &
¼d½ pyr ty;ku fuEufyf[kr iznf”kZr djsxk &
¼i½ lkbM cfÙk;kaA
¼ii½ fiPNy cÙkh
¼[k½ 20 ehVj ls de dh yackbZ ds pyr ty;ku esa iSjk ¼d½ esa fofgr cfÙk;ka ,d
ykyVsu esa la;qDr gksaxh vkSj eLrwy ij ;k mlds fljs ds fudV tgka ls bUgsa ns[kk
tk lds] yxkbZ tk,axhA
¼x½ ekxkZ/khu dksbZ pyr ty;ku bl fofu;e ds iSjk ¼d½ esa fofgr cfÙk;ksa ds vfrfjDr
eLrwy ij mlds fljs ds fudV cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr djsxk tgka os fdlh yacor js[kk
esa nks prqfnZdh cfÙk;ksa ds :Ik esa vPNh rjg ns[kh tk ldsaxh] Åij yky vkSj uhps
gjh gksxhA
¼?k½ 10 ehVj ls de dh yackbZ ds fdlh pyr ty;ku esa pIiw ds v/khu ty;ku esa
bl fofu;e esa fofgr cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr dh tk ldsaxh fdarq ;fn os ,slk ugha djrk
gS rks mlds ikl fo|qr VkpZ ;k izTtofyr ykyVsu rRdky miyC/k gksxh ftlesa
lQsn izdk”k izTofyr gksxk tks VDdj ds fuokj.k ds Ik;kZIr le; iwoZ iznf”kZr
gksxkA
26- eNyh idM+us esa yxs ty;kuksa }kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka & ¼d½ eNyh idM+us
esa yxs ty;ku fuEufyf[kr iznf”kZr djsaxs &
¼i½ yEcor js[kk esa nks prqfnZdh cfÙk;ka ftuesa ls Åij dh yky vkSj uhps dh
lQsn gksxh vkSj fnu ds nkSjku nks “kadqvksa okys vkdkj ds fljs mlh yacor
js[kk ;k ckLdsV ds cus gksaxsA
¼ii½ tc tyekxZ ls xqtj jgs gksa]
¼iii½ esa fofgr cfÙk;ksa ds vfrfjDr lkbM ykbVsa vkSj fiPNy cfÙk;ka]

84
 ¼[k½ 10 ehVj ls de dh yackbZ dk dksbZ ty;ku] pIiqvksa ds v/khu dksbZ ty;ku] dksbZ
ykyVsu iznf”kZr dj ldsaxs vkSj rRdky miyC/k dksbZ fo|qr VkpZ gksxh tks VDdj
dks jksdus ds fy, Ik;kZIr le; esa iznf”kZr dh tk,xhA
27- ,sls ty;kuksa] tks dekaM ds v/khu ugha gS] ;k ;q)kH;kl esa mudh ;ksX;rk fucZfU/kr gS]
}kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka &
¼d½ ,slk dksbZ ty;ku tks dekaM ds v/khu ugha gS] fuEufyf[kr iznf”kZr djsxk]
¼i½ yacor js[kk esa nks prqfnZdh yky cfÙk;ka tgka os fujarj jkf= ds nkSjku vPNh
rjg ns[kh tk ldrh gS]
¼ii½ fnu ds nkSjku fdlh yacor js[kk esa nks ckYl ;k oSls gh vkdkj esa]
¼iii½ tc tyekxZ ls xqtjuk gks rks ¼i½ esa fofgr cfÙk;ksa ds vfrfjDr lkbMksa dh
fiPNy cfÙk;ka]
¼[k½ ,slk ty;ku ftls ;q)kH;kl dh ;ksX;rk esa fucZfU/kr fd;k x;k gS] fuEufyf[kr
iznf”kZr djsxk]
¼i½ yEcor js[kk esa rhu prqfnZdh cfÙk;ka] buesa ls mPpre vkSj fuEure yky
gksxh vkSj e/;e cÙkh lQsn gksxhA
¼ii½ yEcor js[kk esa 3 vkdkj] mPpre vkSj fuEure vkdkj ckYl gksaxs vkSj
e/;e leprqHkqZt]
¼iii½ tc tyekxZ ls xqtjuk gks rks ¼i½ esa fofgr cfÙk;ksa ds vfrfjDr lkbMksa dh
fiPNy cfÙk;ka]
¼iv½ tc yaxj yxk gks] yaxj yxk, x, ty;kuksa ds fy, Åij ¼i½ vkSj ¼ii½
esa fofgr cfÙk;ksa ds vfrfjDr fofu;e 30 esa fofgr cfÙk;ka vkSj vkdkj Hkh
iznf”kZr fd, tk,axsA
28- fud’kZ.k esa yxs ty;ku }kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka & fud’kZ.k esa yxk ty;ku
27 ¼[k½ esa cfÙk;ksa ds vfrfjDr fuEufyf[kr iznf”kZr djsxk & ml fn”kk dks minf”kZr djus
ds fy, ftl ij ck/kk fo|eku gS] yEcor js[kk esa nks fujarj yky cfÙk;ka ;k nks ckyA
29- ikbyV ty;ku }kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka & og ty;ku tks ikbysV M~;wVh ij
yxk;k x;k gS] fuEufyf[kr iznf”kZr djsxk &
¼i½ eLrwy “kh’kZ ij ;k mlds fudV yEcor js[kk esa nks prqfnZdh cfÙk;ka Åij dh cÙkh
lQsn vkSj uhps dh cÙkh yky]
¼ii½ tc ekxkZ/khu gks] vfrfjDr lkbM vkSj fiPNy cfÙk;kaA
30- yaxj yxk, x, ty;kuksa vkSj HkwxzLr ty;kuksa }kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka & ¼d½
yaxj yxk, x, ty;kuksa ij fuEufyf[kr iznf”kZr fd;k tk,xk &
¼i½ vxz Hkkx esa] fnu ds nkSjku prqfnZdh lQsn cÙkh ;k yky]
¼ii½ fiPNy vkSj fuEu Lrj ij ;k mlds fudV prqfnZdh dksbZ lQsn cÙkh]
¼[k½ 20 ehVj ls de dh yackbZ dk ty;ku ,d prqfnZdh lQsn cÙkh iznf”kZr dj ldsxk
tks vPNh rjg fn[kkbZ ns]

85
 ¼x½ dksbZ HkwxzLr ty;ku iSjk ¼d½ ;k ¼[k½ esa fofgr cfÙk;ksa ds vfrfjDr cfÙk;ka iznf”kZr
djsxk tks vPNh rjg fn[kkbZ ns &
¼i½ yEcor js[kk esa nks prqfnZdh yky cfÙk;ka]
¼ii½ fnu ds nkSjku yEcor js[kk esa rhu cky]
¼?k½ 10 ehVj ls de yackbZ ds ty;ku esa ,d fo|qr VkpZ ;k iznhIr ykyVsu rqjar
miyC/k j[kh tk,xh tks lQsn izdk”k nf”kZr djsxh tks vuqxeu djus okys ty;ku
dks Ik;kZIr le; esa psrkouh nsus ds fy, iznf”kZr dh tk,xhA
31- tyi=d vkSj ;kaf=d ns”kh ;ku }kjk iznf”kZr dh tkus okyh cfÙk;ka & tgka fdlh ;kaf=d
ns”kh ;ku ;k tyi=d ;ku dks fofu;eksa esa fofgr y{k.kksa ;k fLFkfr;ksa esa dh cfÙk;ksa vkSj
vkdkjksa dks iznf”kZr djuk vlk/; gks ogka og ;FkklaHko ,slh cfÙk;ka vkSj vkdkj tks y{k.kksa
esa vkSj vofLFkfr esa iw.kZr% leku gksa] iznf”kZr djsxkA
v/;k;&4
/ofu vkSj çdk’k ladsr
32- ifjHkk"kk,a ¼d½ ^^lhVh^^ “kCn ls dksbZ /ofu }kjk ladsr nsus okyk lkf/k= vfHkizsr gS tks
fofgr rw;Zukn mRiUu djus esa leFkZ gks]
¼[k½ ^^y?kq rw;Zukn^^ “kCn ls ,slk dksbZ rw;Zukn tks yxHkx ,d lsdaM dh vof/k dk
gks]
¼x½ ^^nh?kkZof/k rw;Zukn^^ “kCn ls yxHkx pkj ls Ng lsdaM dh vof/k dk rw;Zukn vfHkizsr
gS]
¼?k½ tc rd fd fofu;eksa esa vU;Fkk fofufnZ’V u gks] /ofu ladsr lkf/k= leqnz esa VDdj
fuokj.k ds fy, varjkZ’Vªh; fofu;e] 1972 ds mikca/k 3 ds mica/kksa ds vuqlkj
rduhdh vis{kkvksa dk vuqikyu djsaxsA
33- ladsr /ofu ds fy, miLdj & 20 ehVj ;k vf/kd yackbZ okys ty;ku ij ,d lhVh
vkSj ,d ?kaVh dh O;oLFkk dh tk,xh vkSj 100 ehVj ;k vf/kd dh yackbZ okys fdlh
ty;ku ij buds vfrfjDr ,d ?kfM+;ky dh O;oLFkk dh tk,xhA 34- ;q)kH;kl vkSj
psrkouh ladsr & ¼d½ ,dy ty;ku] tc ty;ku ,d nwljs dks fn[kkbZ nsus dh fLFkfr esa
gks] ekxkZ/khu dksbZ ;a=uksfnr ty;ku] tc izkf/k—r ;k bu fu;eksa }kjk visf{kr ;q)kH;kl
dj jgk gS] og viuh lhVh ij fuEufyf[kr ladsrksa }kjk viuk vk”k; minf”kZr djsxkA
¼i½ ,d y?kq rw;Zukn dk vFkZ gS ^^eSa nf{k.kh ik[k dh vksj viuk iFk cny jgk gw¡A
¼ii½ nks y?kq rw;Zukn dk vFkZ gS ^^eSa iÙku dh vksj viuk iFk cny jgk gw¡A
¼iii½ rhu y?kq rw;Zukn dk vFkZ gS ^^eSa fiPNy iz.kksnu izpkfyr dj jgk gw¡^^A
¼[k½ vksojVsfdax ty;ku
¼i½ ,d y?kq rw;Zukn ds Ik”pkr~ gksus okys nks nh?kkZof/k rw;Zukn ls ^^esjk vkidks
nf{k.k ik[k ij vksojVsd djus dk vk”k; gS]^^
¼ii½ nks y?kq rw;Zukn ds Ik”pkr~ gksus okys nks rw;Zukn ls ^^esjk vkidks iÙku dh
vksj vksojVsd djus dk vk”k; gS^^]

86
 Okg ty;ku ftldks vksojVsd fd;k tk jgk gS] viuh lhVh ij ,d nh?kkZof/k] ,d y?kq
vof/k] ,d nh?kkZof/k] ,d y?kq rw;Zukn bl Øe esa ladsrksa dk vuqlj.k djrs gq, viuh lgefr
minf”kZr djsxk] ;fn lansg gS rks og iSjk ¼x½ esa fofgr ladsr rd /ofu ctk,xkA
¼x½ tc lansg gks] tgka ,d nwljs dks fn[kkbZ iM+us okyk ty;ku ,d nwljs dk ihNk
dj jgs gSa vkSj fdlh dkj.k ls dksbZ Hkh ty;ku nwljs ds vk”k; ;k dkjZokbZ dks
le>us esa vlQy jgrk gS ;k ;g lansg gS fd nwljs }kjk VDdj ls cpus ds fy,
Ik;kZIr dkjZokbZ dh tk jgh gS ;k ugha] lansg okys ty;ku dk rqjar lhVh ij de ls
de 5 y?kq vkSj Rofjr rw;Zukn djds ,slk lansg minf”kZr djsxkA laadsr dh de
ls de 5 y?kq vkSj Rofjr dkSa/kus okys izdk”k cfÙk;ksa ls vuqiwfrZ dh tk ldsxhA
¼?k½ eksM+ ij & dksbZ ty;ku eksM+ ds fudV gS ;k tylj.kh ds {ks= esa gS] tgka vU;
ty;ku nqcksZ/k gks tkrs gSa ogka ,d nh?kkZof/k rw;Zukn dh ?ofu gksxh] ,sls ladsr dk
fdlh ihNk djus okys ty;ku }kjk y?kq rw;Zukn }kjk fd;k tk,xkA
35- fucZfU/kr n`’;rk esa /ofu ladsr & fucZfU/kr n`”;rk esa ;k muds fudV {ks= esa tgka
fnu ;k jkf= ds fy, bl fofu;e esa ladsr fofgr fd;k x;k gS] mudk fuEukuqlkj mi;ksx
fd;k tk,xk &
¼d½ ty ls xqtjus okyk dksbZ ;a=uksfnr ty;ku nks feuV ls vuf/kd ds varjky ij
,d nh?kkZof/k rw;Zukn dh /ofu djsxk]
¼[k½ dksbZ ;a=uksfnr ty;ku tks ekxkZ/khu gS fdarq jksd fn;k x;k gS vkSj ty ls ugha
xqtj jgk gS] og nks feuV ds varjky ij /ofu djsxkA muds chp esa 2 lsdaM ls
varjky ij mÙkjorhZ nks y?kq rw;Zukn]
¼x½ ,slk dksbZ ty;ku tks deku ds v/khu ugha gS] dksbZ ty;ku ftls ;q)kH;kl
;ksX;rk ls fucZfU/kr fd;k x;k gS] ,slk ty;ku tks ncko ls xzflr gS] ,slk
ty;ku tks d’kZ.k esa yxk gS] eRL; ;k ,d nwljs dks /kdsyus okys ty;ku nks
feuV ls vuf/kd ds varjky ij rhuksa mÙkjorhZ rw;Zukn vFkkZr~ nks y?kq rw;Zuknksa
}kjk varfjr vkSj ,d nh?kkZof/k rw;Zukn djsaxsA
¼?k½ yaxj dk dksbZ ty;ku ,d feuV ls vuf/kd ds varjky ij yxHkx 5 lsdaM ds
fy, rhozrk ls ?kaVh ctk,axsA yaxj dk dksbZ ty;ku blds vfrfjDr rhu mÙkjorhZ
rw;Zukn vFkkZr~ ,d y?kq] ,d nh?kkof/k vkSj ,d y?kq rw;Zukn viuh fLFkfr vkSj
fdlh ihNk djus okys ty;ku dks VDdj dh laHkkO;rk ds laca/k esa psrkouh nsus
ds fy, djsxkA HkwxzLr dksbZ ty;ku Rofjr ?kaVh ctkus ds rqjar iwoZ vkSj Ik”pkr~
?kaVh ij rhu i`Fkd vkSj lqfHkUu izgkj djsaxsA
¼M-½ 10 ehVj ls de yackbZ okys fdlh ty;ku dks Åij of.kZr ladsr nsus ds fy,
ck?; ugha fd;k tk,xk fdarq nks feuV ls vuf/kd ds varjkyksa ij dqN vU; izHkkoh
ladsr ctk,xkA
36- foifÙk ladsr & tc dksbZ ty;ku foifÙk esa gS vkSj fdlh vU; ty;ku ls ;k rV ls
lgk;rk dh vis{kk djrk gS] rks mlds }kjk lkFk lkFk ;k i`Fkd :Ik ls fuEufyf[kr ladsr
mi;ksx esa yk, tk,axs ;k laiznf”kZr fd, tk,axs &

87
 ¼d½ fdlh /ofu ladsr lkf/k= dh fujarj /ofu ctkuk]
¼[k½ /;ku vkdf’kZr djus ds fy, /ot ;k izdk”k dks fdlh lfdZy esa fgykuk]
¼x½ Msd ij iznhfIr]
¼?k½ jsfM;ks VsyhQksuh }kjk ikjsf’kr] ^^ebZ fnol^^]
¼M-½ ty;ku ij Qgjk, x, flxuy ,u0 lh0 dk varjkZ’Vªh; ladsrA
v/;k;&5 NwV
37- dksbZ ty;ku ;k ¼ ty;kuksa dk oxZ ½ esa ;g mica/k gS fd og varnsZ”kh; ty;ku vfèkfu;e]
1917 dh vis{kkvksa dk ikyu djsxk] ftldk ukSry bu fofu;eksa ds izo`Ùk gksus ls iwoZ
lfUuekZ.k ds le:ih izØe ij gS] fuEufyf[kr mica/kksa ls bu fofu;eksa ds izo`Ùk gksus dh
rkjh[k ds Ik”pkr~ nks o’kZ rd vuqikyu ls NwV nh tk ldsxh &
¼d½ fofu;e 20 ¼M-½ esa ;Fkkfofgr jax fofunsZ”k vkSj l?kurk lfgr cfÙk;ksa dk
izfr’Bkiu]
¼[k½ fofu;e 21 ds fofgr fd, tkus ds ifj.kkeLo:Ik ty;ku ij eLrwy “kh’kZ cfÙk;ka
vkSj lkbM dh cfÙk;ka iqu% yxkuk]
¼x½ fofu;e 22 esa fofgr jsatksa lfgr cfÙk;ksa dk izfr’BkiuA
38- NwV &
Tky;kuksa ;k ty;kuksa ds oxZ esa NwV esa ;g mica/k gS fd og ¼ varnsZ”kh; ty;ku vfèkfu;e]
1917 ½ dh vis{kk dk vuqikyu djrk gS] mldk ukSry tks bu fofu;eksa ds izo`Ùk gksus ls iwoZ
lfUuekZ.k ds le:Ik izØe ij gS] thou j{kd ukoksa ds vfHkogu ds fy, mica/k dk vuqikyu bu
fofu;eksa ds izo`Ùk gksus dh rkjh[k ds Ik”pkr~ nks o’kZ rd NwV ns ldsxh ijarq ;g fd blds cnys
Ik;kZIr thou j{kd csMs Qyd ij miyC/k djk fn, tk,aA
¼d½ eRL; ukosa (
¼[k½ LFkksjk ty;ku
v/;k;&6
fuyEcu] jÌdj.k vkSj vihy
39- losZ{k.k izek.ki= ij i`’Bkadu dks fuyfEcr vksj jÌ djus dh “kfDr &
¼1½ l{ke vf/kdkjh dks rqjr ty;ku ds losZ{k.k izek.k i= ij i`’Bkadu dks izFke ckj
blesa of.kZr fofu;eksa esa ls fdlh ds mYya?ku dh n”kk esa ianzg fnu ls vuf/kd dh
vof/k ds fy, fuyfEcr djus dk vf/kdkj gksxkA
¼2½ ckj ckj mYya?ku dh n”kk esa l{ke vf/kdkjh ty;ku ds losZ{k.k izek.ki= ds
i`’Bkadu dks rqjar jÌ djus dh “kfDr j[krk gSA
40- vihy &
¼1½ fofu;e 3 ds v/khu tkjh l{ke vf/kdkjh ds fdlh vkns”k ls O;fFkr dksbZ O;fDr
ml rkjh[k ls ftldks og ,slk vkns”k izkIr djrk gS] nl fnu ds Hkhrj mlds
fo#) bl izdkj vfHkfgr vf/kdkjh dks vihy dj ldsxkA

88
 ¼2½ bl izdkj vfHkfgr vf/kdkjh ,sls izR;sd vihy dk uksfVl l{ke vf/kdkjh dks ,slh
jhfr esa fnyok,xk tks fofgr dh tk, vkSj l{ke vf/kdkjh dks ,d volj fn,
tkus vkSj vihykFkhZ dks lqus tkus ds Ik”pkr~ ml ij ,slk vkns”k ikfjr dj ldsxk]
tks og Bhd le>s vkSj mldk fofu”p; vafre gksxkA
v/;k;&7
'kkfLr;ka vkSj fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ka
41- jk’Vªh; jktekxZ ds fy, lM+d ds fofu;eksa dk mYya?ku djus ds fy, “kkfLr & ;fn dksbZ
O;fDr blesa blds iwoZ ;Fkkof.kZr lMd ds fofu;ekssa esa ls fdlh dk mYya?ku djrk gS]
og ,sls tqekZus ls tks izR;sd mYya?ku ds fy, ikap lkS #i, rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh;
gksxkA
42- varnsZ”kh; ty;ku vf/kfu;e] 1917 ¼ 1917 dk 1 ½ ds mica/kksa dk ykxw gksuk & Åij
of.kZr fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] varnsZ”kh; ty;ku vf/kfu;e] 1917 ¼ 1917 dk 1 ½ ds
v/;k; 7 ds mica/k vko”;d ifjorZuksa lfgr jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij ty ;k=k djus ds fy,
;aa=uksfnr ty;kuksa dks mlh izdkj ykxw gksaxs tSls os fdlh varnsZ”kh; ty esa ;a=uksfnr
ty;kuksa dks ykxw gksrs gSaA
,l- ,l- ik¡fM;u] lfpo
[ foKkiu III / IV / 306 / 04 - vlk- ]

89
 [kaM & III
vf/klwpuk
ubZ fnYyh] 30 uoEcj] 2004
Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k] Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k vf/ku;e]
1985 ¼1985 dk 82½ dh /kkjk 35 }kjk iznÙk “kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq,] dsUnzh; ljdkj ds
iwokZuqeksnu ls] jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij ukSifjogu vkSj iksr ifjogu dh lqj{kk dks lqfuf”pr djus ds
fy, fuEufyf[kr fofu;e cukrk gS] vFkkZr+~ %&
1- laf{kIr uke vkSj izkjEHk &
¼1½ bu fu;eksa dk laf{kIr uke jk’Vªh; tyekxZ] ukSifjogu vkSj iksr ifjogu dh lqj{kk
fofu;e] 2002 gS A
¼2½ ;s jkti= esa izdk”ku dh rkjh[k dks izo`Ùk gksaxs A
¼3½ bu fofu;eksa dk foLrkj lHkh jk’Vªh; tyekxksZa ij gS A
2- ifjHkk"kk,a
bu fofu;eksa esa] tc rd lanHkZ ls vU;Fkk visf{kr u gks %&
¼d½ ^^vf/kfu;e** ls Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ”kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1985 ¼1985 dk
82½ vfHkizsr gS (
¼[k½ ^^mikca/k^^ ls bu fofu;eksa dk mikca/k vfHkizsr gS (
¼x½ ^^l{ke vf/kdkjh** ls izkf/akdj.k }kjk ml :Ik esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k dksbZ ,slk
vfèkdkjh vfHkizsr gS tks fodkl] izca/k vkSj vuqj{k.k ds fy, fdlh jk’VZªh; tyekxZ
ds lSD”ku dk Hkkjlk/kd gks] (
¼?k½ ^^tylj.kh fpUg** ds vUrxZr ckal fpUg] cks;k vkSj chdu Hkh gSa] (
¼M-½ ^^duok;** ls ty;ku] Iyoeku miLdj ;k csM+k tks ;a= uksfnr ty;ku }kjk
vuqdf’kZr fd;k tkrk gS ;k /kdsyk tkrk gS] dk lewg vfHkizsr gS (
¼p½ ^^viokgh** ls batu dks can djds rjax }kjk pkyu fd;k tkuk vfHkizsr gS (
¼N½ ^^ikj ukSdk** ls dksbZ ,slk ty;ku vfHkizsr gS tks tyekxZ ds ml ikj ;k lkFk&lkFk
ifjogu lsok,a miyC/k djkrk gS (
¼t½ ^^vUrnsZ”kh; ;a= uksfnr ty;ku** ls ,slk dksbZ ;a= uksfnr ty;ku vfHkizsr gS tks
fdlh vUrnsZ”kh; ty ij lkekU;r% pyk;k tkrk gS (
¼>½ ^^tyik”k** ls unh ;k ugj dk ,slk ifjjksf/kr lSD”ku vfHkizsr gS tgka fudVorhZ
lSD”ku ds chp ty }kj vkSj ty dikV dk iz;ksx djds ukoksa dks pykus vkSj
èkhek djus ds fy, Lrj esa ifjorZu fd;k tk lds (
¼´½ ^^tyik”k csflu** ls ml tyik”k rd ls igaqp vfHkizsr gS tks tyik”k dh vksj
mèoZ izokg vkSj vuqizokg ls ladh.kZ gksrk tkrk gS (
¼V½ ^^ekLVj** ls dksbZ ,slk O;fDr vfHkizsr gS tks ikbyV] cUnjxkg ekLVj] cfFkZax ekLVj
ugha gS] rRle; fdlh ty;ku dh deku djrk ;k Hkkjlk/ku djrk gS (

90
 ¼B½ ^^;a= uksfnr ty;ku** ls fo|qr] Hkki ;k vU; ;kaf=d “kfDr }kjk iw.kZr% ;k Hkkxr%
uksfnr izR;sd o.kZu dk ;ku vfHkizsr gS (
¼M½ ^^ukO; tylj.kh** ls iksrksa ds xqtjus ds fy, vk”kf;r ty lj.kh vfHkizsr gS (
¼<½ ^^Lokeh** ls tc mldk mi;ksx eky ds laca/k esa fd;k tk,] ftlds vUrxZr mldh
lqjf{kr vfHkj{kk ds fy, ijs’kd] ijsf’krh] eky Hkstus okyk ;k vfHkdrkZ Hkh gS vkSj
tc mldk mi;ksx fdlh ty;ku ds laca/k esa fd;k tk,] blds vUrxZr dksbZ
Hkkxr% Lokeh] pkVZj ijsf’krh] ca/kdnkj ;k mldk Hkkjlk/kd vfHkdrkZ Hkh gS] vfHkizsr
gS (
¼.k½ ^^iRru** ls dksbZ vUrnsZ”kh; iRru vfHkizsr gS (
¼r½ ^^y?kq ;ku** ls dksbZ ,slk ;ku vfHkizsr gS ftldh vkoj.k yEckbZ 10 ehVj ls de
vkSj pkSM+kbZ 3 ehVj ls de gS (
¼Fk½ ^^lSD”ku** ls ,d {ks= eq[;ky; }kjk fu;af=r tyekxZ dk dksbZ Hkkx vfHkizsr gS (
¼n½ ^^VfeZuy** ls ,slk LFkku tgka ifjogu dh ,d jhfr ls nwljh jhfr rd LFkkSjk vkSj
lokfj;ka vnyk cnyh djrs gSa] vfHkizsr gSa ] VfeZuy izlqfo/kkvksa ds vUrxZr cfFakZax]
LFkkSjk vUrj.k] Hk.Mkj.k vkSj fVdV?kj vkSj lokjh foJke vkSj vkjke d{k lfEefyr
gSa] vkSj
¼/k½ ^^ty;ku** ls izR;sd o.kZu dk ty;ku vfHkizsr gS] ftlds vUrxZr y?kq ;ku pIiw
;k uko ds v/khu ty;ku] Iyoeku miLdj vkSj vfoLFkkfir ;ku Hkh gSa A
v/;k;&1
tyekxZ vkSj tyekxkasZ ij lqj{kksik;
3- ukO; tylj.kh dk fpUgkadu & dksbZ ukO; tylj.kh] tylj.kh dh lqjf{kr lhek,a
minf”kZr djus ds fy, ckal] cks;k tSls tylj.kh fpUg }kjk fpfUgr dh tk ldsxh A
tylj.kh fpUgkadu ds C;kSjs mikca/k 1 esa fn, x, gSa A ml n”kk esa tgka jkf= ukSifjogu
fpUg gS] ogka mldh izdk”k ;k iznhIr isaV }kjk O;oLFkk dh tk,xh A
4- ;krk;kr ladsr vkSj fpUg & ukO; tylj.kh ij lqj{kk lqfuf”pr djus ds fy, ;krk;kr
ladsr ;k fpUg unh ds fdukjksa ;k unh ds fdUgha tq+M+ukjksa ij fufeZr fd, tk,axs A ladsr
fpUg pedhys iznhIr isUV }kjk isUV fd, tk,axs A mikca/k & II esa fofHkUu ladsr vkSj
fpUg fn, x, gSa A
5- iqyksa ls gksdj xqtjuk & tgka dksbZz ty;ku fdlh iqy ds uhps ls xqtj jgk gS ogka
eLrwy ;k ladksP; eLrwy dh ÅapkbZ vkSj pdzxzg vf/kjpuk dh Å¡pkbZ tyekxZ Lrj vkSj
lM+d iqy dh Å¡pkbZ ds chp dh Å¡pkbZ ls de gksuh pkfg, A
,sls ty;ku dh xfr fo|eku ekSle dh n”kkvksa vkSj vuqHko dh tkus okyh laHkkO; rjaxksa
ds izfr funsZ”k ls fofu;fer dh tkuh pkfg, A
6- tyik’k ls xqtjuk
¼1½ tc tyik”k vkSj tyik”k csflu ls gksdj ukSsifjogu fd;k tk jgk gks] rc
ekLVj&iksr ds lqj{kk vkSj O;ofLFkr pkyu rFkk tyik”k ls gksdj “kh?kz xqtjuk

91
 lqfuf”pr djus ds fy, tyik”k ekLVj }kjk mls fn, x, fdUgha vkns”kksa dk ikyu
djsxk A
¼2½ tyik”k ls gksdj xqtjus ds fy, iwfoZdrk dk dze fuEukuqlkj gksxk&
¼d½ izkf/kdj.k ds ty;ku] ljdkjh ty;ku] lSfud vkSj iqfyl ds ty;ku]
¼[k½ ;k=h ;ku]
¼x½ eNyh idM+us dh ukosa]
¼?k½ LFkksjk ty;ku
¼M½ vU; ;ku (
¼3½ ekLVj] tyik”k ls gksdj ukSifjogu djrs le; fuEufyf[kr iwokZo/kkfu;ka
cjrsxk&
¼d½ tyik”k csflu dh vksj igqapus okys ty;ku dh xfr de dj nh tk,xh
vkSj lko/kkuhiwoZd ukSifjogu fd;k tk,xk A tyik”k csflu ds fudV
vksojVsd djuk rc rd izfrf’k) gS tc rd fd tyik”k ekLVj }kjk ,slk
djus ds fy, vuqns”k u fn, x, gksa ]
¼[k½ tyik”k ;k tyik”k csflu esa ty;ku dks yaxj ugha yxk;k tk,xk ;k
dsfcy ;k tathjsa ugha yxkbZ tk,axh]
¼x½ tc tyik”k dks Hkjk tk jgk gS ;k fjDr fd;k tk jgk gS] ty;ku dks ewj
fd;k tk,xk vkSj ewfjax bl izdkj dh tk,xh fd nhokjksa ;k }kjksa ds lkeus
mPNyu dks jksdk tk lds]
¼?k½ ty;kuksa esa tyik”k lajpuk dks uqdlku ls cpkus ds fy, Ik;kZIr batuNkt
dh O;oLFkk dh tk,xh ]
¼M+½ iky ds v/khu ty;ku tyik”k esa izos”k djus ls iwoZ viuk iky uhps dj
nsxk A
¼4½ tyik”k ls gksdj xqtjuk tyik”k csflu esa ty;ku ds vkxeu Øe esa gksxkA
¼5½ /kkjk 6¼2½ esa vUrfoZ’V fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fdlh ty;ku dks izkf/kdj.k }kjk
xqtjus dh Li’Vr% vuqnr dh xbZ iwfoZdrk tyik”k yxkus ;k tyik”k dks gVkus
dh iwfoZdrk gksxh A
7- dfri; ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa xfr dk de fd;k tkuk&
¼1½ izR;sd ty;ku ,sls vR;f/kd /kksou ;k pw’k.k l`ftr djus ls cpus ds fy, ftlls
[kMs+ gq, ;k xfreku ty;kuksa ;k lajpukvksa dks uqdlku gksus dh laHkkouk gS] viuh
xfr fofu;fer djsxk A
¼2½ fof”k’Vr% ty;ku mfpr le; ij fdUrq lqj{kk ds fy, visf{kr LVh;fjax ekxZ dks
NksM+s fcuk xfr de dj nsxk &
¼d½ iRru izos”kksa ls ckgj]
¼[k½ fdukjs ij ca/ks ty;ku ds fudV ;k mrjrs le; ynkbZ ds izdze ij ;k
LFkksjk mrkjrs le;]
¼x½ ty;kuksa ds fudV tc os lkekU; jksd LFkkuksa ij [kMs+ gksa A

92
8- jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij ty;ku dk viokgh gksuk & jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij fdlh ty;ku
dk viokgh gksuk rc rd izfrf’k+) gksxk tc rd fd l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk izkf/kd`r u dj
fn;k gks A
9- QSjh ty;kuksa }kjk ukO; tylj.kh dks ikj djuk & ukO; tylj.kh dks ikj djrs
le;] QSjh ty;ku ukO; tylj.kh ds lkFk&lkFk py jgs ty;ku ;k csM+s ls bruh nwjh
ij jgsxk fd csMs+ vius fn”kkdks.k cnyus ;k xfr de ds fy, ck/; ugha gS (
ijUrq fo”ks’k ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa QSjh ty;ku dks l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk ukO; tylj.kh
dks ikj fd, tkus dh iwfoZdrk iznku dh tk ldsxh vkSj ,sls ty;ku ij jkf= esa prqnZdh
gqbZ gjh cRrh vkSj fnu esa gjk /ot laiznf”kZr fd, tk,axs vkSj mUgas vuqxeu dk mruk
vf/kdkj gksxk] ftruk ifjLFkfr;ka vuqKkr djsa A
10- ukSifjogu vkSj ekSle foKku laca/kh tkudkjh & l{ke vf/kdkjh] rwQku] vkdfLed
ck<z+] tylj.kh dh xgjkbZ vkSj ukSifjogu esa [krjksa ds laca/k esa unh lwpuk,¡ tkjh djds]
u| pkVZ izdkf”kr djsxk vkSj mikca/k 3 esa fn, x, leqfpr lko/kkuh ladsrksa dks laiznf”kZr
djds unh iRruksa ij tkudkjh izlkfjr djus dh O;oLFkk djsxk A
v/;k;&2
ty;kuksa dh lqj{kk
11- losZ{k.k dk vkSj jftLVªhdj.k izek.ku & okf.kT; iksr ifjogu vf/kfu;e] 1958] rVh;
ty;ku vf/kfu;e] 1938 dSuky vkSj ifCyd QSjht+ vf/kfu;e] 1890 ¼1890 dk enzkl
vf/kfu;e 2½ vkSj vUrnsZ”kh; ty;ku vf/kfu;e] 1917 ds v/khu ;a=uksfnr ty;ku dh
ckcr tkjh fd;k x;k izR;sd jftLVªhdj.k dk izek.ki= vkSj losZ{k.k dk izek.ki= jk’Vªh;
tyekxZ esa ty;k=k djus ds fy,] ;FkkLFkfr] jftLVªhdj.k izek.ki= ;k losZ{k.k izek.ki=
ds :Ik esa fof/kekU; vkSj izHkkoh gksxk %
ijUrq losZ{k.k dk izek.ki= fofu;eksa ds vuqlkj lqj{kk vis{kkvksa dk /;ku j[krs gq,
l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk leqfpr :Ik ls i`’Bakfdr fd;k tk,xkA
12- l{kerk izek.ki= & okf.kfT;d iksr ifjogu vf/kfu;e] 1958 vkSj vUrnsZ”kh; ty;ku
vf/kfu;e] 1917 ds v/khu ekLVj] lsjax] bathfu;j vkSj batu Mªkboj ds :Ik esa tkjh fd;k
x;k l{kerk izek.ki= ;k lsok izek.ki= jk’Vªh; tyekxZ esa ty;k=k djus ds fy,
fofèkekU; gksxk A
13- ty;ku ij igpku fpUg &
¼1½ fdlh y?kq ;ku ds flok; izR;sd ty;ku ij mlds iksr ds fy, gy ij
fuEufyf[kr fpUg gksxk &
¼d½ ty;ku dk uke ty;ku ds izR;sd vxzHkkx vkSj fiPN Hkkx ij uke
mRdhf.kZr gksxk
¼[k½ jftLVªhdj.k la0
¼x½ jftLVªh dk LFkku vkSj jftLVªhdj.k dk o’kZ]

93
 ¼2½ igpku fpUg 20 lsaVhehVj ls vU;wu ÅapkbZ ds vkSj 2 lsaVhehVj pkSM+kbZ ds v{kjksa esa
mRdhf.kZr gksxk vkSj xgjh i`’BHkwfe ij gYds jax esa ;k xgjs jax esa isaV fd;k gqvk
gksxk A
¼3½ igpku fpUg ds vfrfjDr izR;sd ty;ku ij fLFkj Qyd ij fuEufyf[kr
tkudkjh nf”kZr dh tk,xh vkSj Åijh MSd ij iznf”kZr gksxh &
¼d½ ldy jftLVªh—r Vu]
¼[k½ lokfj;ksa dh vf/kdre vuqKs; la[;k]
¼x½ Lokeh dk uke]
¼?k½ vfUre losZ{k.k dh rkjh[k
¼4½ izR;sd ty;ku ds chp ls de ls de ,d&,d ehVj nksuksa vksj Hkkj js[kk fpfUgr
dh tk,xh vkSj ty;ku ds nksuksa Nksjksa ij ehVjksa vkSj MslhehVjksa esa Mqcko ekieku
fpfUgr fd;k gksxk A
¼5½ izR;sd y?kq ;ku ij mldk jftLVªhdj.k la[;kad vkSj Lokeh dk uke ty;ku ds
nksuksa Nksjksa ij vafdr gksxk]
¼6½ izR;sd ;ku ij ;ku ds fdlh lgt–“; Hkkx ij pkSM+s Qyd ij mldk jftLVªhdj.k
la[;kad ;k Lokeh dk uke ;k nksuksa iznf”kZr fd, tk,axs A
14- jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij lapyu ds fy, dfri; 'kr¨± lfgr ty;ku dks pykuk &
jk’Vªªh; tyekxZ esa ty;k=k djus okyk ty;ku &
¼d½ ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd ty;ku dh yEckbZ] pkSM+kbZ] ÅpkbZ] ncko vkSj xfr]
dUok; vkSj ikl ikl fojpuk,a mi;qDr gSa vkSj le;&le; ij l{ke vf/kdkjh
}kjk ;FkfofufnZ’V lhekvksa ds vuqlkj gaS]
¼[k½ ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd ty;ku ;k ¼csMs+½ ds fdukjksa ds ckgj dksbZ oLrq iznf”kZr
djus ds fy, vuqKkr ugha dh xbZ gS tks vU; ty;kuksa] csM+ksa] Iyou LFkkiuksa
;k tyekxZ vFkok tylj.kh ij ;k blds lfUudV laLFkkiuksa dks dksbZ uqdlku
igqapkrh gksa] flok; muds tks ¼x½ esa fofufnZ’V “krksZa ds v/khu gSa]
¼x½ ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd izR;sd ekeys esa l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk ;Fkk fofufnZ’V Åifj
foeh; LFkksjk ds vfHkogu ds fy, lqj{kk vis{kkvksa dk dM+kbZ ls ikyu fd;k x;k
gS A
15- iÙku {ks= esa ty;kuksa dh ewfjax djus ;k yaxj Mkyus ls lacaf/kr 'kr¨± & dksbZ
ty;ku IkRru ds Hkhrj mu {ks=ksa ds flok; tks l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk ,sls iz;kstuksa ds
fy, vfHkfgr fd, x, gSa] fdlh ty;ku dks ewj ugha fd;k tk,xk ;k yaxj ugha yxk;k
tk,xkA
16- ty;ku & fLFkj ty;kuksa] csM+ksa vkSj Iyoeku miLdjksa ds yaxj Mkys tk,a ;k mUgsa ,slh
jhfr ls lqjf{kr :Ik esa cka/kk tk, fd os /kkjkvksa dks lg ldsa vkSj mUgsa tyLrj esa ifjorZu
gksus ij lek;ksftr fd;k tk lds A

94
17- ikbyV dk;Z & ¼1½ l{ke vf/kdkjh &
¼d½ unhs ds ,sls foLrkj dks ogka oxhZd`r djsxk tgka ikbyV dk;Z vfuok;Z gks vkSj tgka
ikbyV dk;Z oSdfYid gks]
¼[k½ vuqHkoh ikbyVksa dh rSukrh dh O;oLFkk djsxk] vkSj
¼x½ mu {ks=ksa esa tgka ikbyV dk;Z ?kksf’kr fd, x, gksa ogka ty;kuksa dks ikbysV dh
lsok,a miyC/k djk,xk A
v/;k;&3
ukSifjogu lqj{kk vkSj ekLVj vkSj Lokeh dk nkf;Ro
18- ekLVj ds fy, vuqns’k & ¼1½ ekLVj ;g lqfuf”pr djus ds fy, mRrjnk;h gksxk fd
ty;ku unh ds fy, mi;qDr gS A og fof”f’Vr;k ukSifjogu ds fy, lqj{kksik;ksa ls lacafèkr
fofu;eksa dk vuqlj.k djsxk &
¼d½ jk’Vªh; tyekxZ esa ty;ku] laLFkkiuksa ds laca/k esa visf{kr lrdZrk cjrus vkSj
uqdlku ls cpus vkSj iksr ifjogu vkSj ukSifjogu esa ck/kk dkfjr djus ls cpus
ds fy, lHkh iwokZo/kkfu;ka cjrsxk]
¼[k½ vklUu [krjs ls cpuk] fLFkfr }kjk visf{kr lHkh mik; djuk ¼ukfod dyk dh
lkèkkj.k ifjikVh ds vuqlkj½ pkgs blds fy, bu fofu;eksa ls fopfyr D;ksa u gksuk
iM+s A
¼x½ tc mldk ty;ku vU; ty;kuksa ds vuqd’kZ.k esa yxk gks] rc mlds ty;ku vkSj
mlds dehZny vkSj vuqd’kZ.k esa ty;kuksa dks ykxw fu;eksa ;k fofu;eksa ds vuqikyu
ds fy, mRrjnk;h gksuk]
¼?k½ ty;ku ds jftLVªªhdj.k vkSj losZ{k.k ds fof/kekU; izek.ki=ksa vkSj dehZny }kjk
fof/kekU; izek.ki= ;k vuqKfIr] iksr dh fu;ekoyh ;k dehZny lwph] iksrksa dh
ykWax vkSj batu dk ykx dk j[kk tkuk lqfuf”pr djuk]
¼M+½ ;g lqfuf”pr djuk fd fdlh Hkh le; ty;ku ij vf/kd Hkkj ugha gS ;k mrus
ls vf/kd lokfj;ksa dh la[;k vfHkogu ugha dj jgk gS] ftruh la[;k ds fy,
vfHkogu ds fy, izekf.kr fd;k tk, A
¼p½ ;g lqfuf”pr djuk fd [krjukd eky ;k foLQksVd lkexzh Qyd ij l{ke
izkfèkdkjh }kjk izkf/kd`r :Ik esa ys tkbZ tk jgh gS] vkSj ,sls eky ;k lkexzh dks
Qyd ij vfHkogu ds fy, foLQksVd inkFkZ fu;e] 1983 ds vuqlkj izfØ;k vkSj
iwokZo/kkfu;ka cjrh tk jgh gSa ]
¼N½ ,sls fdlh ty;ku ;k csM+s dks ns[kdj tks nq?kZVukxzLr gks x;k gS] ftlls O;fDr;ksa
;k ty;ku dks [krjk ;k tylj.kh esa ckf/kr gksus dk ladV mRiUu gks x;k gS] ,sls
ty;kuksa dks vius ty;ku dh viuh lqj{kk dks [krjs esa Mkys fcuk rqjUr lgk;rk
iznku djuk]
¼Tk½ fdlh lkeqfnzd nq?kZVuk dh n”kk esa igqapus okys ty;kuksa dks tc mudks Mwcus dk
[krjk gks ;k fu;a=.k ls ijs gks rks mUgsa mfpr le; esa vko”;d dkjZokbZ djus
vkSj tylj.kh ls nwj jgus esa leFkZ cukus ds fy, mudks psrkouh nsuk A

95
 ¼>½ lqfuf”pr djsa fd mikca/k IV esa ;FkkfofufnZ’V thou j{kd lkf/k= vPNh fLFkfr esa
vkSj rqjar mi;ksx ds fy, miyC/k fLFkfr Qyd ij ys tk, tkrs gSa A
¼¥½ lqfuf”pr djsa fd fdlh Hkh le; ty;ku tyekxZ esa mu LFkkuksa ds flok; tks
l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk vfHkfgr fd, tk,a] dPpk ey] rSyh; inkFkZ] dwM+k djdV
vkfn ugha cgk,xk A
¼2½ lokjh ty;ku dk ekLVj Qyd ij ys tk, x, thou j{kd lkf/k=ksa ds O;;u
vkSj mlds mi;ksx dks laiznf”kZr djsxk vkSj ;k=k vkjEHk djus ls iwoZ thou j{kd
tSfdVksa ds mi;ksx dk izn”kZu djsxk A
¼3½ ekLVj ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd lHkh ukSifjoguh; lgk;rk,a] vfXu”kked lkexhz
vkSj ck<+ fu;a=.k lkf/k= Qyd ij leqfpr dk;Zdj.k dh n”kk esa gSa vkSj rqjUr
mi;ksx fd, tkus dh fLFkfr esa miyC/k gSa vkSj ,sls lkf/k=ksa ds n{k mi;ksx ds fy,
vius dehZny ls fu;fer vH;kl djk,xk A
¼4½ ekLVj fudVre l{ke izkf/kdkjh dks fuEufyf[kr ds laca/k esa rqjUr fjiksVZ
djsxk&
¼i½ fdlh vU; ty;ku dks vkink esa ns[kus]
¼ii½ ty;ku ds LFky ij vkus ;k Mwcus]
¼iii½ mlds ty;ku esa vkx yxus ;k vkIykou gks]
¼iv½ fdUgha tyekxZ laLFkkiuksa ;k LFkk;h lajpukvksa dks uqdlku igqapkus]
¼v½ vfu;r ck/kk dk laizs{k.k djus ;k ukSifjoguh; lgk;rk ds u gksus dh
tkudkjh gksus]
¼vi½ Qyd ij fdlh ,slh oLrq ds fxjus] tk ukSifjogu ds fy, ck/kk ;k [krjk
gks ldsxh]
¼vii½ jktdh; tyekxZ esa rsy dk fc[kjko gksus]
¼viii½ Qyd ij tynL;qrk ;k pksjh gksus A
¼5½ fdlh ty;ku dk ekLVj ;k Hkkjlk/kd O;fDr l{ke vkf/kdkjh ;k mlds }kjk
izkfèkd``r fdlh O;fDr dks bu fofu;eksa ds vuqikyu dk lR;kiu djus ds fy,
lHkh vko”;d lqfo/kk,a nsxk A
¼19½ Lokeh ds fy, vuqns’k & ty;ku dk Lokeh ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd ty;ku lHkh
ckcr u| ;ksX; gS vkSj ml ij l{ke dehZny gSA
¼2½ Lokeh &
¼d½ ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd ty;ku dks rc rd ty;k=k esa vxzlfjr ugha
fd;k tk,xk ;k fdlh lsok ds fy, mi;ksx esa ugha yk;k tk,xk tc rd
fd ty;ku ds ikl ,slh ty;k=k ;k lsok ds fy, ykxw fof/kekU; losZ{k.k
izek.ki= u gks]
¼[k½ ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd dsoy ,sls vfgZr dkfeZdksa dks ftuds ikl lsok
izek.ki= ;k vuqKfIr dk l{kerk dk dksbZ fof/kekU; izek.ki= gS] ty;ku

96
 ds Qyd ij ekLVj@lsjax] bathfu;j] pkyd vkSj dehZny ds :Ik esa
fu;ksftr fd;k x;k gS]
¼x½ ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd miyC/k djk;k x;k dehZny Ik;kZIr :Ik ls fo”kky
vkSj dq”ky gS ftlls Ik;kZIr :Ik ls ;g lqfuf”pr djus ds fy, mu Qyd
ij mudh lqj{kk vkSj lqjf{kr ukSifjogu lqfuf”pr fd;k tk,xk]
¼?k½ r`rh; Ik{kdkj dh tksf[ke ds fo:) vius ty;ku dks chek miyC/k
djk,xk]
¼M+½ fdlh lgtn`”; LFkku ij lqHksnd fpUg ¼jftLVªhdj.k fpUg½ laiznf”kZr
djus dh O;oLFkk djuk]
¼Pk½ ;g lqfuf”pr djsxk fd fdlh ;ku dh ckcr vuqnRr fd;k x;k jftLVªhdj.k
izek.ki= ml ty;ku ds dsoy fof/kiw.kZ ukSifjogu ds fy, mi;ksx esa yk;k
tk,xk]
¼N½ vius ;ku esa fd, x, ifjorZuksa dh fjiksVZ djsxk tks ty;ku ls lacafèkr
,slh fof”kf’V;ksa ds ;k jftLVªhdj.k izkf/kdj.k ds ikl jftLVªhdj.k izek.ki=
esa ntZ fd, x, fooj.k ds vuq:Ik ugha gSa]
¼Tk½ ;fn ;g ifjR;Dr ty;ku gS] ukSifjogu tylj.kh esa vU; ty;kuksa dks
[krjs ls cpkus ds fy, ty;ku ds rqjUr fpUgkadu dh O;oLFkk dh tk,]
¼>½ ;Fkk”kD; “kh?kz ;k l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk tSlk funs”k fn;k tk,] ukSifjogu
tylj.kh ls ty;ku dks gVkus ds fy, O;oLFkk djsxk]
¼¥½ rqjUr fudVre l{ke vf/kdkjh dks lwpuk nsxk] tc dHkh---------------
¼i½ dksbZ ty;ku {kfrxzLr ifjR;Dr fd;k x;k gS ;k rkfRod :Ik ls
uqdlkuxzLr gqvk gS]
¼ii½ fdlh ty;ku ds ;k Qyd ij blds fdlh nq?kZVuk gksus] ftlds
vUrxZr fdlh vU; ty;ku ;k lajpukvksa ij thou gkfu ;k
rkfRod uqdlku Hkh lfEefyr gS]
¼iii½ fdlh ty;ku ls jk’Vªh; tyekxZ esa rsy dk fc[kjko gqvk gSA
¼3½ ;fn dksbZ Lokeh mi fofue; ¼2½ ds [k.M ¼t½ ds v/khu fdlh ty;ku dks gVkus
esa vlQy jgrk gS] l{ke vf/kdkjh ,sls ty;ku dks gVok,xk vkSj Lokeh ls ,sls
gVk, tkus dh ykxr olwy djsxk A
v/;k;&4
fuyEcu] jÌdj.k vkSj vihy
20- losZ{k.k izek.ki= ij Ik`"Bkadu dks fuyfEcr vkSj jÌ djus dh 'kfDr;ka &
¼1½ l{ke vf/kdkjh dks ty;ku ds losZ{k.k izek.ki= ij rqjUr izFke n`f’V esa blesa
nf”kZr fofu;eksa esa ls fdlh ds mYya?ku djus dh n”kk esa] Ng fnol dh vuf/kd
dh vof/k ds fy, fuyfEcr djus dk vf/kdkj gS A
¼2½ fujUrj mYya?ku dh n”kk esa l{ke vf/kdkjh dks ty;ku ds losZ{k.k izek.ki= ds
Ik`’Bkadu dks rqjUr jÌ djus dh “kfDr gksxh !

97
21- vihy & ¼1½ dksbZ O;fDr tks l{ke vf/kdkjh ds fofu;e 20 ds v/khu tkjh fd, x,
fdlh vkns”k ls O;fFkr gS] ml rkjh[k ls ftldks og ,slk vkns”k izkIr djrk gS] rhl fnu
ds Hkhrj mlds fo:} bl izdkj vfHkfgr vf/kdkjh dks vihy dj ldsxk A
¼2½ bl izdkj vfHkfgr vf/kdkjh ,slh izR;sd vihy dh lwpuk l{ke vf/kdkjh dks ,slh
jhfr esa tks fofgr dh tk,] fnyok,xk vkSj vihykFkhZ dks lquokbZ dk volj fn,
tkus ds Ik”pkr ml ij ,sls vkns”k ikfjr djsxk tks og Bhd le>s vkSj mldk
fofu”p; vfUre gksxk A
v/;k;&5
'kkfLr;ka vkSj fof/kd dk;Zokfg;k¡
22- ukO; tylj.kh dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgus ds fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn ty;ku
dk ekLVj fofu;e 3 ds mYya?ku esa ukO; tylj.kh fPkUg dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQy
jgrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls tks pkj lkS :Ik, rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
23- ;krk;kr ladsr vkSj fpUg dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgus ij 'kkfLr & ;fn
ty;ku dk ekLVj fofu;e 4 ds mYya?ku esa fdlh ;krk;kr fpUg ;k ladsr dk vuqikyu
djus esa vlQy jgrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks nks lkS ipkl :Ik, rd dk gks ldsxk]
n.Muh; gksxk A
24- f’kjksifj fudklh dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgus ij 'kkfLr & ;fn ty;ku
dk ekLVj fofu;e 5 ds mYya?ku esa vius ty;ku ds f”kjksifj fudklh dks lqfuf”pr djus
esa vlQy jgrk gS ;k iqy ls xqtjrs le; xfr dks fofu;fer djus esa vlQy jgrk gS
rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks ikap lkS :Ik, rd dk gks ldsxk n.Muh; gksxk A
25- tyik’k ekLVj ds bl vkns’k ds vuuqikyu ds fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn ty;ku dk
ekLVj ty;ku dh lqj{kk rFkk O;ofLFkr lapyu lqfuf”pr djus esa tyik”k ekLVj }kjk
mls fn, x, fdlh vkns”k dk vuqikyu djus esa vkSj fofu;e 6 ¼1½ rFkk ¼2½ ds mYya?ku
esa tyik”k ls gksdj “kh?kz xqtjus esa vlQy jgrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls tks ikap lkS
:Ik, rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
26- tyik’k ds ek/;e ls ckrphr djrs le; iwokZo/kkuh cjrus esa vlQyrk ds
fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn ekLVj fofu;e 6¼3½ ds mYya?ku esa tyik”k ls xqtjrs le; dksbZ
iwokZoèkkuh cjrus esa vlQy jgrk gS] og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks rhu lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks
ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
27- vR;f/kd /kksou ;k pw"k.k ds l`ftr gksus ls cpus ds fy, xfr fofu;fer djus
esa vlQyrk ds fy, 'kkfLr & tc ty;ku dk ekLVj ,sls vR;f/kd /kksou ;k pw’k.k
ds l`tu ls cpus ds fy, ftlls fofu;e 7 ds mYya?ku esa ftlls LFkSfrd ;k xfreku
ty;ku ;k lajpuk dks uqdlku gksus gh laHkkouk gS] ty;ku dh xfr dks fofu;fer djus
esa vlQy jgrk gS] rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks nks lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh;
gksxk A
28- ty;ku dks viokgh dkfjr djus ds fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn ty;ku dk ekLVj tks
l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk izkf/kd`r ugha gS] fofu;e 8 ds mYya?ku esa vius ty;ku dks viokgh
djrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks ,d lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A

98
29- lqjf{kr nwjh cuk, j[kus esa vlQy jgus ij 'kkfLr & tc QSjh ty;ku dk ekLVj
ukO; tylj.kh dks ikj djrs le; ukO; tylj.kh ds lkFk&lkFk ty;kuksa ;k csM+ksa ls
,slh nwjh cuk, j[kus esa vlQy jgrk gS] rc fofu;e 9 ds mYya?ku esa ckn okyk ty;ku
;k csM+ksa dks viuk iFk cnyus ds fy, Ckk/; gksuk iM+rk gS ;k xfr de djuh iM+rh gS rks
og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
30- ifjogu laca/kh vkSj ekSle laaca/kh lwpuk dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgus
ds fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn ty;ku dk ekLVj fofu;e 10 ds mYya?ku esa l{ke vf/kdkjh
}kjk tkjh fd, x, u| lwpukvksa ;k u| pkVksZa ;k lko/kkuh ladsrks dk vuqikyu djus
esa vlQy jgrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks nks lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh;
gksxkA
31- jk"Vªh; tyekxZ esa ty;k=k ds fy, losZ{k.k izek.ki= ij Ik`"Bkadu vfHkizkIr djus
esa vlQyrk ds fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn dksbZ ty;ku jk’Vªh; tyekxZ esa fofu;e 11 ds
mYya?ku esa losZ{k.k izek.ki= ij Ik`’Bkadu vfHkizkIr fd, fcuk vxzlfjr gksrk gS rks Lokeh
vkSj ekLVj izR;sd ,sls tqekZus ls] tks ikap lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
32- jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij ty;k=k djus ds fy, l{kerk izek.ki= j[kus esa vlQy
jgus ij 'kkfLr & ;fn ty;ku jk’Vªh; tyekxZ esa fdlh ty;k=k ij fofu;e 12 ds
mYya?ku esa fdlh l{kerk izek.ki= ds fcuk vxzlfjr gksrk gS rks ekLVj] lsjax] bathfu;j
vkSj batu pkyd izR;sd ,sls tqekZus ls] tks ikap lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh;
gksxk A
33- ty;ku ij igpku fpUg /kkfjr djus esa vlQyrk ds fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn dksbZ
ty;ku fdlh jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij fofu;e 13 ds mYya?ku esa dksbZ igpku fpUg /kkfjr
fd, fcuk dksbZ ty;k=k djrk gS rks ekLVj vkSj QeZ izR;sd izFke ckj ,sls tqekZus ls tks
nks lkS ipkl #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] vkSj fujUrj mYy?kau dh n”kk esa pkj lkS #Ik;s
rd ds tqekZus ls n.Muh; gksxk A
34- tyekxZ lhekvksa dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQyrk ds fy, 'kkfLr & ty;ku dk
ekLVj ;g lqfuf”pr djus esa vlQy jgrk gS fd mlds ty;ku dh yEckbZ] pkSM+kbZ]
ÅapkbZ vkSj Mqcko vkSj ty;ku dh xfr rFkk dUok; fofu;e 14 ¼d½ ds mYya?ku esa gS rks
og ,sls tqekZus ls] rhu lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
35- ty;ku ds fdukjksa ls ijs fdlh oLrq dk iz{ksi.k djokus ds fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn
ty;ku dk ekLVj ty;ku ds fdukjksa ls ijs fdlh oLrq dk iz{ksi.k djokrk gS tks fdlh
vU; ty;ku ;k fofu;e 14 ¼[k½ ds mYya?ku esa laLFkkiu dks [krjk gks ldrk gS og ,sls
tqekZus ls] pkj lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
36- Åifj foek laca/kh LFkksjk ds fy, lqj{kk vis{kkvksa ds vuqikyu djus ds fy,
'kkfLr & ;fn ty;ku dk ekLVj fofu;e 14 ¼x½ ds mYya?ku esa Åifj foek laca/kh LFkksjk
ds vfHkogu ds fy, lqj{kk vis{kkvksa dk vuqikyu djus essa vlQy jgrk gS rks og ,sls
tqekZus ls] rhu lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
37- fdlh iRru esa vfHkfgr {ks= ls ckgj ty;ku dk yaxj yxkus ds fy, 'kkfLr &
;fn ty;ku dk ekLVj vius ty;ku dks fdlh iRru ds Hkhrj fofu;e 15 ds mYya?ku

99
 esa ,sls {ks= esa tks ml iz;kstu ds fy, vfHkfgr ughsa gS] ewj djrk gS ;k yaxj yxkrk gS
rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks izFke ckj lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk vkSj mYya?ku ds tkjh
jgus dh n”kk esa izfrfnu lkS #Ik, rd gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
38- vuqfpr ewfjax ds fy, 'kkfLr & ;fn fdlh fLFkj ty;ku] csM+s ;k Iyou miLdj dk
Lokeh ;k ekLVj yaxj yxkus esa vlQy jgrk gS ;k rjaxksa dks lgus ds fy, ty;ku dks
dkQh etcwrh ls cka/k nsrk gS vkSj fofu;e 16 ds mYya?ku esa tyLrj esa ifjorZu djrk
gS rks] og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks ikap lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
39- vfuok;Z ikbyV dkjZokgh ds fy, unh dk vuqikyu djus esa foQy jgus ds fy,
'kkfLr & ;fn ty;ku dk ekLVj jk’Vªh; tyekxZ ij ,sls fdlh unh dh lhek ij tgka
l{ke vf/kdkjh }kjk oxhZd`r :Ik esa ikbyV dkjZokgh vfuok;Z gS] fofu;e 17 ds mYya?ku
esa ty;k=k djrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks ikap lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh;
gksxk A
40- ekLVj dks fn, x, vuqns’kksa dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgus ds fy, 'kkfLr&
;fn ty;ku dk ekLVj fofu;e 18 ds mYya?ku esa mls fn, x, fdUgha vuqns”kksa dk
vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks izR;sd mYya?ku ds fy, ikap
lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
41- Lokeh dks fn, x, vuqns’kksa dk vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgus ds fy, 'kkfLr&
;fn ty;ku dk Lokeh fofu;e 19 ds mYya?ku esa mls fn, x, fdUgha vuqns”kksa dk
vuqikyu djus esa vlQy jgrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks izR;sd mYya?ku ds fy, ikap
lkS #Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
42- varnsZ'kh; ty;ku vf/kfu;e] 1917 ds mica/k dk ykxw gksuk & blesa iwoZ of.kZr
fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] vUrnsZ”kh; ty;ku vf/kfu;e] 1917 ¼1917 dk 1½ ds v/;k; 7
ds micU/k ls ;Fkk vko”;d ifjorZuksa lfgr ,sls lHkh ;a= uksfnr ty;kuksa dks tks jk’Vªh;
tyekxZ ij ty ;k=k dj jgsa gSa] bl izdkj ykxw gksaxs fd fdlh vUrnsZ”kh; tyekxZ ij
;a= uksfnr ty;kuksa dks ykxw gksrs gSa A
43- ,sls vijk/kksa ds n.M ds fy, mica/k ftuds fy, vU;Fkk ugha fd;k x;k gS &
;fn dksbZ O;fDr] bu fofu;eksa esa ls fdlh fofu;e dk blds fy, fdlh fofufnZ’V “kkfLr
dk mica/k ugha fd;k x;k gS] mYya?ku djrk gS rks og ,sls tqekZus ls] tks nks lkS ipkl
#Ik;s rd dk gks ldsxk] n.Muh; gksxk A
,l- ,l- ik¡fM;u] lfpo
[ foKkiu III/IV/306/04-vlk-]

100
 mikca/k & I
¼fofu;e 3 ns[ksa½
tyekxZ dk fpUgkadu
v-cks;k i)fr vkSj tyekxZ dk fpUgkadu &
¼i½ cks;k i)fr dh fn”kk
cks;k i)fr dh fn”kk fuEukuqlkj ifjHkkf’kr dh tk,xh &
¼d½ ukfod }kjk leqnzh yh xbZ lk/kkj.k fn”kk tc og leqnzkfHkeq[k ls cUnjxkg]
unh ;k ,sLpjh ;k tyekxZ ij igqap jgk gS]
¼[k½ xSj Tokjh; ufn;ksa ds ekeys esa unh ds izokg ds foijhr fn”kk]
¼x½ og fn”kk ftlesa ,sLpjh ds ekeys esa fdyksehVj _a[kyk esa o`f) gksrh gS]
¼ii½ iRru gLr fpUg &
;s fpUg ty lj.kh ds ckbZa fn”kk dks minf”kZr djrs gSa]
fnu ds nkSjku & yky cks;k] vf/kekur% ¼lh , ,u½ csyukdkj ;k yky Lis;lZ vkSj cks;ksa
ij yky csyukdkj vxz fpUg vfuok;Z gS ;fn os csyukdkj ugha gSa]
fpUg fpUg fpUg fpUg
jkr ds nkSjku & fdlh Hkh izdkj dk vkorhZ yky izdk”k
¼iii½ LVkjcksMZ gLrfpUg
;s fpUg tylj.kh ds nkbaZ lkbM dks minf”kZr djrs gSa A
fnu ds nkSjku & gjk cks;k vf/kekur% Hkq.Mkdkj@;k gjk Lis;j A
Lij vkSj cks; ij Åij dh vksj gjk Hkq.Mkdkj “kh’kZ fpUg fcUnq vfuok;Z gS ;fn os Hkq.Mkdkj
ugha gSa A
jkr ds nkSjku & fdlh izdkj dk vkorhZ gjk izdk”k
yk & yky
g & gjk
¼iv½ vyx Fkyx [krjk fpUg
dksbZ vyx Fkyx [krjk fpUg ,slk fpUg gS tks fdlh vyx Fkyx [krjk fpUg ,sls LFkku
ij l`ftr fd;k x;k gS ml ij mlds Åij ewj fd;k x;k gS ftlds pkjksa vksj ukO; ty
gS A
vyx Fkyx [krjk fpUg dk o.kZu
[k [k d½ “kh’kZ fpUg % ,d nwljs ds Åij nks dkys ?ksjs
[k [k [k½ jax % ,d ;k vf/kd jax pkSM+s f{kfrth; yky
cSaMks ls ;qDr dkyk
fpUg fpUg x½ vkdkj % oSdfYid] budk ikf”Zod fpUg ls
Vdjko u gks] vf/kekfur LraHk ;k
Likj

101
 jkr ds nkSjku % izokg iw.kZ lQsn izdk”k & lewg Q~ySf”kax
yk & yky dk & dkyk
vk- ijEijkxr fpUg
¼i½ fpUgkadu dh fn’kk
ijEijkxr fpUg ckal dh ifV~V;ksa ls cuk, tkrs gSa vkSj dsoy ufn;ksa esa mi;ksx
fd, tkrs gSa A fpUgkadu ds funsZ”k unh ds vuqizokg dh vksj gksaxs A
¼ii½ tylj.kh ds vkjEHk esa vkSj vUr esa ckal dh pVkbZ ds fpUg
nkb± vksj fpUg ckb± vksj fpUg
fpUg fpUg fpUg
¼iii½ chp esa ckal ds fpUg vkSj fpUg
nkb± vksj fpUg ckb± vksj fpUg
¼cky fpUg½ ¼ckal dh iV~Vh fpUg½
fpUg fpUg fpUg
¼iv½ tyeXurk ds v/khu LuSx fpUg ¼pwus ls isaV fd;k x;k½
fpUg d½ ,sls LuSx minf”kZr djuk ftls fdlh Hkh vksj ls Økl
fd;k tk lds A
fpUg [k½ ckb± vksj j[kk tkus okyk LuSx
fpUg x½ nkb± vksj j[kk tkus okyk LuSx
¼v½ tylj.kh dk can djuk
fpUg
mikca/k& II
¼fofu;e 4 ns[ksa½
b- fpUg vkSj ladsr
1- fnu vkSj jkf= fpUgkadu
tgka fofgr fpUg esa fuEufyf[kr lfEefyr gSa %&
¼d½ dsoy izdk”k] cfRr;ka fnu jkr mi;ksx esa ykbZ tk ldsaxh (
¼[k½ dsoy cksMZ] cksMZ dk mi;ksx jkf= fpUg ds :Ik esa fd;k tk ldsxk ;fn ;g
iznhIr gSa] cksMZ 1-5 ehVj × 1 ehVj U;wure vkdkj dh prqHkqZt ds :Ik esa
gksaxs (
¼x½ cksMZ vkSj cfRr;ka] fnu ds nkSjku ;k rks cksMZ vFkok jkf= esa izdk”k cfRr;ka
mi;ksx dh tk ldsaxh ;k cfRr;ka vFkok iznhIr cksMZ mi;ksx esa yk, tk
ldsaxs A
2- izdk’k O;oLFkk djuk &
fdlh iqy] iksr ?kkV ds iqy] tyik”k ds igqap ekxZ] y?kq ugj vkfn ds lsD”kuksa ds
fuEu Hkkx dks izdkf”kr djus ds fy, jkf= esa cfRr;ksa dh O;oLFkk dh tk,xh A

102
 3-
cfRr;ksa dh l?kurk &
bl fu;e esa flQkkfj”k dh xbZ cfRr;ka de ls de nks fdyksehVj dh nwjh ls
n`”;eku gksaxh vkSj vkl ikl dh cfRr;ksa ls lqfHkUu gksaxh A
4- fLFkj cfRr;ka &
¼i½ ,dy yky cRrh ^jkLrk can*
fnol fpUg dqN tyljf.k;ksa ;k tyekxZ ds
[kEcksa ;k lEiw.kZ tyekxZ ds fy,
yky
lQsn
yky
,d nwljs ds Åij LFkkfir dh ukSifjogu dk iw.kZ vkSj nh?kkZof?k
xbZ nks yky cfRRk;ka ds fy, jksdk tkuk tyekxZ iqyksa]
#dkoV ;k lsokvksa dk can djuk
yk
yk
¼iii½ ,d nwljs ls Ik`Fkd ;k vf/kd jkLrk can ¼cfRr;ksa ds chp½
yky cfRr;ka
fpUg fpUg
¼iv½ ,dy gjh cRrh ^^vkxs pfy,** ¼gjh cRrh lnSo ukO;
fnol fpUg ty& lj.kh ds fdukjs ij yxkbZ tkrh gS½A
rFkkfi] bl ladsr dk mi;ksx mu ekeyksa
rd fucZfU/kr gS tgka ,dy gjh
gjk gjk lQsn gjk cRrh dks ;g minf”Zkr djus ds fy,
Li’V :Ik ls Ik;kZIr gS fd jkLrk [kqyk
gS A vU; ekeys esa] ,d nwljs ls Ik`Fkd
nks gjh cfRr;ksa ds mi;ksx vkSj jkLrk
minf”ZZkr djus dh flQkfj”k dh xbZ
gSA
¼v½ nks gjh cfRr;ka ,d nwljs ls Ik`Fkd~ cfRr;ksa ds chp ls pfy,
gjk gjk
¼vi½ gjh cfRr;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk ;k ^^vkxs pfy, fdUrq nwljh vksj ls
chp esa ,dy ihyh cRrh vkus okys ;krk;kr dks nsf[k,**
ty;ku ij cRrh dh vksj c<+
ldsaxs] tks ukO;lj.kh ds Åij
yxkbZ xbZ gS
ihyk ihyk ;k
lko/kkuh ls vkxs c<+sa

103
¼vii½ fdlh lQsn cRrh ds Åij ^^/kkou u djsa**
dksbZ yky cRrh
yky vkd`fr
lQsn
¼viii½ 12 minf”kZr xfr dks ikj u djsa
¼fdyksehVj izfr ?kaVk½
¼ix½ tyLrj lhek ls Åij fudklh
¼x½ “kgjh ;k tylj.kh dh pkSM+kbZ lhek
fpUg
l & lQsn
yk & yky
g & gjk
ih & ihyk
dk & dkyk
mikcaèk & III
¼fofu;e 10 nsf[k,½
rwQku psrkouh ladsr
fnu jkf=
1- psrkouh & vki “kh?kz gh rwQku ls dkyk yky
izHkkfor gks ldrs gSa
2- [krjk & rwQku rqjUr vki ij izHkko dkyk yky
Mkysxk yky
3- [krjk & iRru fdlh fNnz] TokjHkkVk
;k vkdfLed ck<+] vpkud tyLrj dkyk lQsn
esa o`f) vkSj izR;kf”kr rst rjaxksa ls yky
ladVLFk gS A lQsn
4- egk [krjk & vfr rhoz rwQku ls vki dkyk yky
ij rqjUr izgkj gksxk A yky
yky
¼[k½ ty;ku ds izR;sd vksj de ls de ,d thou j{kd cks;k Lor% izTofyr izdk”k
Iykou thou ykbzu ls fQV gksxk tks 25 ehVj ls de yEch u gks] vkSj tks fdlh
gqd ls lqjf{kr :Ik esa ca/kh gqbZ gks A
¼?k½ izR;sd dBksj thou j{kd csMs+ dh bl izdkj lajpuk dh tk,xh fd bldh cukoV
dks ekSle dh lHkh n”kkvksa esa MSd ij vkSj ty esa cuk, j[ks tk ldsa A

104
3- thou j{kd tSfdVsa &
dksbZ thou j{kd tSfdV fuEufyf[kr vis{kkvksa dks iwjk djsxh &
d ;g leqfpr :Ik ls fMtkbu dh tk,xh vkSj mi;qDr lkexzh dh cuh gksxh A
[k ;g pkSchl ?kaVs rd rktk ty esa 7-5 fdyksxzke dh lagfr dks laHkkyus leFkZ
gksxhA
x ;g fdlh v”kDr ;k vpsru O;fDr ds flj dks ty ls Åij j[kus esa leFkZ
gksxhA
?k ;g bl izdkj ls fMtkbu dh tk,xh fd ;Fkk”kD; lEHko bls xyrh ls Hkh iguk
tk, rks lHkh tksf[keksa dks nwj dj lds rFkkfi ;g myVdj iguus ;ksX; gksxh A
M+ ;g bls iguus okys O;fDr ds “kjhj dks ty esa izos”k djus ij Å?okZdj ls dqN
ihNs dh vksj gYdh vkur lqjf{kr Iykou fLFkfr esa ykus esa leFkZ gksxh A
Pk ;g rsy vkSj rsy mRiknksa rFkk 50 fMxzh rd ds rkieku ds izHkko dks lg
ik,xhA
N ;g lUrjh jax esa ijkofrZr gksxh A
Tk bls “kh?kzrk vkSj lgtrk ls iguk tk,xk vkSj “kjhj ls lqjf{kr :i ls cka/kh tk,xh A
> bldh tsc esa ,d lhVh yxh gksxh A
¥ blesa fuEu fof”kf’V;ka gksxh &
mikca/k & IV
¼fofu;e 18 ¼1½ ¼i½ nsf[k,½
¼vUrnsZ”kh; ty;kuksa ds Qyd ij ogu fd, tkus okys thou j{kd lkf/k=ksa ds C;kSjs½
1- ty;kuksa dk oxhZdj.k
vUrnsZ”kh; ty;kuksa dks fuEukuqlkj oxhZd`r fd;k tk,xk
izoxZ 1 Lkokjh ty;ku
izoxZ 2 QSjh ykapj vkSj ukosa
izoxZ 3 LFkksjk ty;ku vkSj os ty;ku tks Js.kh I, II, IV vkSj V
ds vUrZxr vkus okys ty;kuksa ls fHkUu gSa A
izoxZ 4 xSj uksfnr ty;ku ¼cktZ½
izoxZ 5 foykl ;ku
2- izoxZ 1 ds ty;ku &
2-1 izoxZ 1 ds izR;sd ty;ku ij fuEufyf[kr O;oLFkk gksxh &
¼d½ mifu;e 2-2 dh vis{kkuqlkj uko ¼oksa½ dh Ik;kZIr la[;k vkSj Qyd ij
lokfj;ksa dh vkSj dehZny dh dqy la[;k dks lek;ksftr djus okys thou
j{kd csM+s
¼[k½¼i½ Qyd ij lokfj;ksa vkSj dehZny ds 50 izfr”kr ds fy, MCY;w lh lh esa
,d thou j{kd tSdsV vkSj ,u MCY;w 1 vkSj 2 dh ckcr “kr izfr”kr

105
 ¼ii½ ckydksa ds fy, thou j{kd tSdsV vfHkogu ds fy, izekf.kr dqy lokfj;ksa
dh la[;k ds 10 izfr”kr ds fy, bl /kkjk ds iz;kstu ds fy, ckyd A
¼x½ 25 ehVj yEckbZ rd ds ty;ku ds fy, de ls de 4 thou j{kd cks;]
24 ls 25 ehVj yEckbZ ds ty;ku ds fy, 6 thou j{kd cks; vkSj 45 ehVj
yEckbZ ls vf/kd ds ty;ku ds fy, 8 thou j{kd cks; A ;fn ty;ku
jkf= esa ukSifjogu djrk gS rks iznk; fd, x, thou j{kd cks;ksa esa ls de
ls de nks Lor% izTofyr izdk”k ls lfTtr gksaxs A
2-2 y/kq ;kuksa ds flok; 25 ehVj rd ds yEckbZ okys izR;sd ty;ku ds fy, 10
O;fDr;ksa dks ys tkus dh U;wure {kerk okyh de ls de ,d uko dh vkSj 25
ehVj yEckbZ ds vf/kd ds ty;ku ds fy, de ls de nks ukoksa dk O;oLFkk dh
tk,xh A uko ij vkjEHk djus ds fy, vko”;d MsfcV dh O;oLFkk dh tk,xh A
ukosa ty;ku dh izR;sd vksj leku :Ik ls pykbZ tk,axh ;fn ,d ls vf/kd uko
dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS A
3- oxZ 2 ds izR;sd ty;ku &
3-1 oxZ 2 ds izR;sd ty;ku ij fuEufyf[kr O;oLFkk gksxh %&
¼d½ mifu;e 3-2 dh vis{kkuqlkj uko ¼oksa½ dh Ik;kZIr la[;k vkSj Qyd ij
lokfj;ksa vkSj dehZny dh dqy la[;k dks lek;ksftr djus okys thou
j{kd csM+s]
¼[k½¼i½ Qyd ij lokfj;ksa vkSj dehZny ds 50 izfr”kr ds fy, MCY;w0 lh0 lh0
esa ,d thou j{kd tSdsV vkSj ,u MCY;w 1 vkSj 2 ds ckcr “kr izfr”kr]
¼ii½ ckydksa ds fy, thou j{kd tSdsV vfHkogu ds fy, izekf.kr dqy lokfj;ksa
dh la[;k ds 10 izfr”kr ds fy, bl /kkjk ds iz;kstu ds fy, ckyd ls
30 fdyks ls uhps otu okys O;fDr vfHkizsr gSaA
¼x½ de ls de vkB thou j{kd cks;k ftuesa ls de ls de nks Lor% izTtofyr
izdk”k ls lfTtr gksaxs ;fn ty;ku dk jkf= esa ukSifjogu fd;k tkrk
gSA
3-2 25 ehVj ls 45 ehVj yEckbZ ds chp ds izR;sd ty;ku ds fy, U;wure 10
O;fDr;ksa dks ys tkus okyh de ls de ,d uko dh vkSj 25 ehVj yEckbZ ds vf/kd
ds ty;ku ds fy, de ls de nks ukoksa dk O;oLFkk dh tk,xh A uko ij vkjEHk
djus ds fy, vko”;d MsfcV dh O;oLFkk dh tk,xh A ukosa ty;ku dh izR;sd
vksj leku :Ik ls pykbZ tk,axh ;fn ,d ls vf/kd uko dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS A
,sls ty;kuksa ds fy,] tks 5 fdyksehVj ls vuf/kd ds ,dy fujUrj ty;k=kvksa
ds fy, iz;ksx esa yk, tkrs gSa A l{ke vf/kdkjh ukoksa ds LFkku ij cks;k lkf/k=ksa
;k thou j{kd cks;ksa dk mi;ksx djus dh vuqKk ns ldsxk A

106
4- oxZ 3 ds ty;ku &
oxZ 3 ds izR;sd ty;ku ij fuEufyf[kr O;oLFkk gksxh &
¼d½ 10 ehVj ls vf/kd ds ty;ku ds fy, lHkh dehZny dks lek;ksftr djus ds fy,
de ls de ,d thou j{kd csM+k]
¼[k½ Qyd ij izR;sd dehZny ;k O;fDr ds fy, ,d thou j{kd tSfdV]
¼x½ 25 ehVj rd dh yEckbZ okys ty;ku ds fy, de ls de 2 thou j{kd cks;k
vkSj 25 ehVj ls vf/kd dh yEckbZ ds ty;ku ds fy, 4 thou j{kd cks;k ftuesa
ls ,d Lo izTofyr izdk”k ls lfTtr gksxk ;fn ty;ku jkf= esa ukSifjogu djrs
gSa A
5- oxZ 4 ds ty;ku &
oxZ 4 ds izR;sd ekuo lapkfyr ty;ku ds fy, fuEufyf[kr O;oLFkk dh tk,xh &
¼d½ de ls de nks thou j{kd cks;k ftuesa ls ,d Lo izTofyr izdk”k ls lfTtr
gksxk ;fn ty;ku dk jkf= esa ukSifjogu fd;k tkrk gS]
¼[k½ Qyd ij izR;sd dehZny ds fy, ,d thou j{kd tSfdV]
6- oxZ 5 ds ty;ku &
10 ehVj yEckbZ okys izR;sd oxZ 5 ds ty;ku ij izR;sd O;fDr ds fy, ,d thou j{kd
tSfdV gksxh A 10 ehVj ls vf/kd ds ty;ku ij Ik;kZIr thou j{kd csM+k@thou j{kd
cks;k Qyd ij lHkh O;fDr;ksa ds fy, gksxk A rFkkfi] oxZ 5 ds lHkh ty;kuksa ij de
ls de 2 thou j{kd cks;k gksaxsa ftuesa ls ,d Lo izTofyr izdkj dk gksxk ;fn ty;ku
jkf= esa ukSifjogu djrk gS A
7- rduhdh vis{kk,sa &
bu fofu;eksa ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj miyC/k djk;k x;k izR;sd thou j{kd vuqlwph 1
dh vis{kkvksa dks iwjk djsxk A
8- ukSHkj.k &
bu fu;eksa ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj miyC/k djk;k x;k izR;sd thou j{kd lkf/k= ;Fkk
ykxw vuqlwph 1 dh vis{kkvksa ds vuqlkj ukSHkj.k fd;k tk,xk A
9- izFkk dk laizn’kZu &
oxZ 1 vkSj oxZ 2 ds izR;sd ty;ku ij thou j{kd lkf/k=ksa dh lwph vkSj muds mi;ksx
ds laca/k esa vuqns”k lgtn`”; LFkkuksa ij laiznf”kZr fd, tk,axs A
10- NwV &
Tky;kuksa ;k ty;kuksa ds oxZ esa NwV esa ;g mica/k gS fd og ¼I.V. vf/kfu;e] 1917½ dh vis{kk
dk vuqikyu djrk gS] ftldk ukSry tks bu fofu;eksa ds izo`r gksus ls iwoZ lfUuekZ.k ds Ik”orhZ
izdze ij gS] thou j{kd ukoksa ds vfHkogu ds fy, micU/k ds lkFk vuqikyu dh rkjh[k ds nks
o’kZ Ik”pkr rd NwV ns ldsxh ijUrq ;g fd blds cnys thou j{kd csM+s Qyd ij miyC/k djk
fn, tkrs gSa A

107
 mikca/k 4 dh vuqlwph 1
thou j{kd lkf/k=ksa ds fy, fofunsZ'k
1- ukosa &
¼d½ lHkh ukosa vPNh rjg fMtkbu dh xbZ gksaxh vkSj ,sls vkdkj vkSj vuqikr esa gksaxh
fd os Ik;kZIr :Ik ls fLFkj gksa vkSj “kh’kksZrj gksa tc os O;fDr;ksa vkSj miLdj ds
iw.kZ Hkkj dk vfHkogu dj jgh gksa A bldh fLFkjrk rc Ik;kZIr le>h tk,xh ;fn
uko ,d dh vksj vf/kdre vuq>s; la[;k ls vk/ks O;fDr [kM+s gksa rks ogka 100
fdyksehVj ls vU;wu dk “kh’kksZrj “ks’k jgrk gks A
¼[k½ lHkh ukosa O;fDr;ksa vkSj miLdjksa ds vius iw.kZ Hkkj lfgr ty esa mrkjs tkus ds
fy, l{ke gksaxh A os ,slh izcyrk dh gksaxh fd ;fn 25% ls vfr Hkkj ds v/khu
jgrs gq, Hkh muesa dksbZ LFkk;h fo:i.k u gks A
2- thou j{kd csM+s &
¼d½ izR;sd thou j{kd csM+s ij lqjf{kr :Ik ls xkaB fQV dh gqbZ gksaxh A
¼[k½ izR;sd thou j{kd csM+s dh bl izdkj lajpuk dh tk,xh fd mlesa lekfgr
bdkb;ksa esa 0-096 ,e 3 dh ok;q dk ?kuRo lekfo’V gks A
¼;k dBksj thou j{kd csM+ksa dh n”kk esa lerqY; ck; i)fr ;qfDr;¡k½ izR;sd O;fDr
ds fy, ftls blds vfHkogu ds fy, vuq>kr fd;k x;k gS] tks de ls de 0-372
oxZehVj ds fdlh MSd ds gSa A
¼x½ thou j{kd csM+s dh lajpuk bl izdkj dh tk,xh fd mUgsa ty esa mPpre MSd
ls NksM+k tkrk gS rks u rks thou j{kd csM+k vkSj u gh mlds miLdj dks dksbZ
uqdlku igqaps A
¼?k½ izR;sd dBksj thou j{kd csM+s dh bl izdkj lajpuk dh tk,xh fd bldh cukoV
dks ekSle dh lHkh n”kkvksa esa MSd ij vkSj ty esa cuk, j[ks tk ldsa A
3- thou j{kd tSfdVsa &
dksbZ thou j{kd tSfdV fuEufyf[kr vis{kkvksa dks iwjk djsxh &
¼d½ ;g leqfpr :Ik ls fMtkbu dh tk,xh vkSj mi;qDr lkexzh dh cuh gksxh A
¼[k½ ;g pkSchl ?kaVs rd rktk ty esa 7-5 fdyksxzke ds lagfr dks laHkkyus esa leFkZ
gksxh A
¼x½ ;g fdlh v”kDr ;k vpsru O;fDr ds flj dks ty ls Åij j[kus esa leFkZ
gksxhA
¼?k½ ;g bl izdkj ls fMtkbu dh tk,xh fd ;Fkk”kD; lEHko bls xyrh ls Hkh iguk
tk, rks lHkh tksf[keksa dks nwj dj lds rFkkfi ;g myVdj iguus ;ksX; gksxh A
¼M-½ ;g bls iguus okys O;fDr ds “kjhj dks ty esa izos”k djus ij Å/okZ/kj ls dqN
ihNs dh vksj gYdh vkur lqjf{kr Iykou fLFkfr esa ykus esa leFkZ gksxh A
¼Pk½ ;g rsy vkSj rsy mRiknksa rFkk 50 fMxzh rd ds rkieku ds izHkko dks lg
ik,xhA

108
 ¼N½ ;g lUrjh jax esa ijkofrZr gksxh A
¼Tk½ bls “kh?kzrk vkSj lgtrk ls iguk tk,xk vkSj gksxh vkSj “kjhj ls lqjf{kr :Ik ls
cka/kh tk,xh A
¼>½ bldh tsc esa ,d lhVh yxh gksxh A
¼´½ blesa fuEu fof”kf’V;ka gksaxh &
fofuekZrk dk uke
izdkj
fofuekZ.k dk o’kZ
5- thou j{kd cks;k &
¼d½ izR;sd thou j{kd cks; &
¼i½ 24 ?kaVs ds fy, rktk ty esa 14-5 fdyksxzke dh lagfr dks laHkkyus esa leFkZ
gksxh A
¼ii½ leqfpr lkexzh dh cuh gksxh vkSj rsy rFkk rsy mRiknksa vkSj 50 fMxzh
rkieku rd ds izHkko dks lg ik,xh A
¼iii½ ;g lUrjh jax esa ijkofrZr gksxh A
¼iv½ bldh lagfr 6-5 fdyksxzke ls vU;wu gksxh A
¼v½ bldk vkUrfjd O;kl 0-5 yhVj + 10% gksxk A
¼vi½ pkjksa vksj bl izdkj jLlh ca/kh gksxh ftls dldj idM+k tk ldsA
¼[k½ ty;ku ds izR;sd vksj de ls de ,d thou j{kd cks; Lor% izTofyr izdk”k
Iykou thou ykbZu ls fQV gksxk tks 25 ehVj ls de yEch u gks] vkSj tks fdlh
gqd ls lqjf{kr :Ik esa ca/kh gqbZ gks A
mikca/k 4 dh vuqlwph 2
thou j{kd lkf/k=ksa dk ukSHkj.k vkSj mBkbZ /kjkbZ
lHkh ty Iykou lkf/k= vkSj thou j{kd cks; bl izdkj j[ks tk,axs fd os ty;ku ls nwj eqDr
:Ik ls Iyou dj lds A
ukoksa vkSj csM+ksa rd igqap ds fy, mi;qDr O;oLFkk,a dh tk,axh A
thou j{kd lkf/k=ksa vkSj muds vkjEHk djus dh ;qfDr;ksa dks izdkf”kr djus ds fy, izHkkoh lkèku
miyC/k djk, tk,axs A
ukoksa ds fy, vkjEHk dh tkus okyh ;qfDr;ka bl izdkj fMtkbu vkSj O;ofLFkr dh tk,axh fd ukoksa
dks fo”okliwoZd] “kh?kzrk ls vkSj O;fDr;ksa dks [krjk igqapk, fcuk mrkjk tk lds A
;qfDr;¡k MsfoV] Qky] Cykd vkSj vU; fx;j bruh izcyrk ds gksaxsa fd ukoksa dks >qdko ;k dVko
dh izfrdwy n”kk esa fdlh Hkh vksj lqj{kkiwoZd mrkjk tk lds A
thou j{kd lkf/k= bl izdkj ukSHkfjr fd, tk,axs fd os vklkuh ls igqap esa gksa vkSj mUgsa ;FkklaHko
“kh?kz vkjEHk fd;k tk ldsa A
lfpo

109
 [kaM & IV
iksr ifjogu] lM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ ea=ky;
¼Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k½
ubZ fnYyh] fnukad 2006
Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1985 ¼1985 dk 82½ dh /kkjk 14 dh
mièkkjk ¼2½ ds [kaM ¼N½ ds lkFk ifBr /kkjk 35 }kjk iznÙk 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, lk-dk-fu-----
izkf/kdj.k] dsUnzh; ljdkj ds iwoZ vuqeksnu ls fuEufyf[kr fofu;e cukrk gS] vFkkZr~%&
1- laf{kIr uke vkSj izkjEHk & ¼1½ bu fofu;eksa dk laf{kIr uke Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ
izkfèkdj.k ¼Hkkjr esa varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ dk oxhZdj.k½ fofu;e] 2006 gSA
¼2½ ;s jkti= esa izdk'ku dh rkjh[k ls izo`Ùk gksaxsA
2- ifjHkk"kk,a & bu fofu;eksa esa tc rd lanHkZ ls vU;Fkk visf{kr u gks&
¼d½ ^vf/kfu;e* ls Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1985 vfHkizsr gS(
¼[k½ ^v/;{k* ls izkf/kdj.k dk v/;{k vfHkizsr gS(
¼x½ ^varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ* ls varnsZ'kh; ty;ku vf/kfu;e] 1917 ds v/khu ifjHkkf"kr dksbZ
ugj] unh] >hy vFkok vU; dksbZ ukO; ty vfHkizsr gS(
¼?k½ bu fofu;eksa esa iz;qDr 'kCn vkSj vfHkO;fDr tks ifjHkkf"kr ugha gS fdUrq vf/kfu;e
esa ifjHkkf"kr gSa] ds ogh vFkZ gksaxs tks vf/kfu;e esa fn, x, gSaA
3- varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ dk oxhZdj.k & ¼1½ Lo iz.kksfnr 2000 Vu dk MsM osV Vu ¼Mh0 MCY;w0
Vh0½ vkSj 800 Vu rd eky <ksus okys iq'k & Vks ;wfuVksa esa Vx & cktZ djus okys ty;kuksa
dks lqjf{kr :i esa ifjpkyu djkus ds fy, tyekxks± dks fuEufyf[kr izoxks± esa oxhZÑr
fd;k tk,xk] vFkkZr~%&
¼d½ oxZ & I & fuEufyf[kr vkÑfr ds ukO; pSuy okys tyekxZ
¼i½ ufn;k¡ & U;wure xgjkbZ 1-2 ehVj] ry dh pkSM+kbZ 30 ehVj] >qds gq, O;kl
dh yackbZ 300 ehVj] ÅèokZ/kj fudklh 4 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp 30 ehVj
Å/okZ/kj fudklh] vkSj
¼ii½ ugjsa & U;wure xgjkbZ 1-5 ehVj] ry dh pkSM+kbZ 20 ehVj] >qds gq, f=T;k
dh yackbZ 300 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 4 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp {kSfrt
fudklh] 20 ehVjA
¼[k½ oxZ & II & fuEufyf[kr vkÑfr ds ukO; pSuy okys tyekxZ%&
¼i½ ufn;k¡ & 1-4 ehVj U;wure xgjkbZ] ry dh pkSM+kbZ 40 ehVj] >qds gq,
f=T;k dh yackbZ 500 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 5 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp
40 ehVj Å/okZ/kj fudklh] vkSj
¼ii½ ugjsa & U;wure xgjkbZ 1-8 ehVj] ry dh xgjkbZ 30 ehVj] >qds gq, f=T;k
dh yackbZ 500 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 5 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp ÅèokZèkj
fudklh 30 ehVjA
¼x½ oxZ & III & fuEufyf[kr vkÑfr ds ukO; pSuy okys tyekxZ
¼i½ ufn;k¡ & 1-7 ehVj U;wure xgjkbZ] ry dh pkSM+kbZ 50 ehVj] >qds gq,
f=T;k dh yackbZ 700 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 7 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp
50 ehVj Å/okZ/kj fudklh] vkSj
¼ii½ ugjsa & U;wure xgjkbZ 2-2 ehVj] ry dh xgjkbZ 40 ehVj] >qds gq, O;kl
dh yackbZ 700 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 7 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp ÅèokZèkj
fudklh 40 ehVjA

110
 ¼?k½ oxZ & IV & fuEufyf[kr vkÑfr ds ukO; pSuy okys tyekxZ %&
¼i½ ufn;k¡ & 2-0 ehVj U;wure xgjkbZ] ry dh pkSM+kbZ 50 ehVj] >qds gq, O;kl
dh yackbZ 800 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 10 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp 50 ehVj
Å/okZ/kj fudklh] vkSj
¼ii½ ugjsa & U;wure xgjkbZ 2-5 ehVj] ry dh pkSM+kbZ 50 ehVj] >qds gq, f=T;k
dh yackbZ 800 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 10 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp ÅèokZèkj
fudklh 50 ehVjA
¼M½ oxZ & V & fuEufyf[kr vkÑfr ds ukO; pSuy okys tyekxZ
¼i½ ufn;k¡ & 2-0 ehVj U;wure xgjkbZ] ry dh pkSM+kbZ 80 ehVj] >qds gq,
f=T;k dh yackbZ 800 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 10 ehVj vkSj dsoy ufn;ksa
ds ekeys esa LraHkksa ds chp 80 ehVj Å/okZ/kj fudklhA
¼p½ oxZ & VI & fuEufyf[kr vkÑfr ds ukO; pSuy okys tyekxZ %&
¼i½ ufn;k¡ & U;wure 2-75 ehVj U;wure xgjkbZ] ry dh pkSM+kbZ 80 ehVj] >qds
gq, f=T;k dh yackbZ 900 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 10 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds
chp 80 ehVj {kSfrt fudklh] vkSj
¼ii½ ugjsa & U;wure xgjkbZ 3-5 ehVj] ry dh 60 ehVj] >qds gq, O;kl dh
yackbZ 900 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj fudklh 10 ehVj vkSj LraHkksa ds chp {kSfrt
fudklh 60 ehVjA
¼N½ oxZ & VII & fuEufyf[kr vkÑfr ds ukO; pSuy okys tyekxZ
¼i½ ufn;k¡ & U;wure 2-75 ehVj vkSj mlls vf/kd xgjkbZ] ry dh pkSM+kbZ
100 ehVj vkSj mlls vf/kd] >qds gq, f=T;k dh yackbZ 900 ehVj] Å/okZ/kj
fudklh 10 ehVj vkSj dsoy ufn;ksa ds ekeys esa LraHkksa ds chp 100 ehVj
{kSfrt fudklhA
¼2½ 3¼1½ esa mfYyf[kr lHkh oxks± ds tyekxks± ds fy, ikjs"k.k iz;kstu gsrq ikoj dscy vFkok
VsyhQksu ykbu vFkok dscyksa ds fy, Å/okZ/kj fudklh fuEufyf[kr gksxh&
¼i½ VsyhQksu ykbu lfgr fuEu oksYVst ikjs"k.k ykbu & 16-5 ehVj
¼ii½ mPp oksYVst ikjs"k.k ykbu tks 110 fdyks oksYV ls vf/kd u gks & 19-0 ehVj
¼iii½ mPp oksYVst ikjs"k.k ykbu tks 110 fdyks oksYV ls vf/kd gks & 19-0 ehVj rFkk
izR;sd vfrfjDr fdyks oksYV ds fy, vyx ls 1 lsaVhehVj
¼3½ ikuh ds vUnj ds ikbu ykbu ds ekeys esa ikoj dscy vkSj vU; dscyksa gsrq ykxw gksus okys
ekud LFkku dh n'kk vkSj ukSpkyu laca/kh vis{kk ds vuqlkj fofuf'pr fd, tk,axsA
ijUrq ;g oxhZdj.k rHkh izHkkoh gksxk tc&
¼d½ pSuy esa U;wure xgjkbZ o"kZ esa lkekU;r;k yxHkx 300 fnu miyC/k gksA
¼[k½ tyekxZ ds Åij Økl lajpuk ij Å/okZ/kj fudklh tyekxZ dh iwjh pkSM+kbZ esa
izR;sd Hkkx esa de ls de 75 izfr'kr miyC/k gksA
bl fofu;e ds iz;kstu ds fy, Li"Vhdj.k] & fofHkUu izdkj ds pSuy esa Å/okZ/kj fudklh gsrq
lanHkZ Lrj gksxk&
¼i½ ufn;ksa gsrq ukSpkyu laca/kh mPp ck<+ Lrj ¼,u,p,Q,y½ foxr chl o"kks± dh vof/k esa
fdlh o"kZ esa 5 izfr'kr dh ckjackjrk ls mPpre ck<+ Lrj gSA
¼ii½ Tokjh; dSukyksa gsrq vf/kdre ty LrjA
¼iii½ vU; dSukyksa gsrq lc rjg ls iw.kZ vkiwfrZ LrjA

111
4- ¼i½ oxZ & I ds tyekxZ dk mi;ksx ,sls Loiz.kksfnr ty;ku ds fy, gksxk ftldh <qykbZ
{kerk yxHkx 100 Vu MsM osV Vust rd ¼yxHkx 32 ehVj dqy yackbZ] 5 ehVj eksYMsM
pkSM+kbZ vkSj 1-0 ehVj Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ vFkok ,d Vx vkSj nks cktZ ds esy ls cus 200 Vu
MsM osV Vust ¼yxHkx 80 ehVj dqy yackbZ] eksYMsM pkSM+kbZ 5 ehVj vkSj 1-0 ehVj Hkkfjr
Mªk¶V½ gksA
¼ii½ oxZ & II ds tyekxZ dk mi;ksx ,sls Loiz.kksfnr ty;ku ds fy, gksxk ftldh <qykbZ
{kerk yxHkx 300 Vu MsM osV Vust rd ¼yxHkx 45 ehVj dqy yackbZ] 8 ehVj eksYMsM
pkSM+kbZ vkSj 1-2 ehVj Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ vFkok ,d Vx vkSj nks cktZ ds esy ls cus 600 Vu
MsM osV Vust ¼yxHkx 110 ehVj dqy yackbZ] eksYMsM pkSM+kbZ 8 ehVj vkSj 1-2 ehVj Hkkfjr
Mªk¶V½ gksA
¼iii½ oxZ & III ds tyekxZ dk mi;ksx ,sls Loiz.kksfnr ty;ku ds fy, gksxk ftldh <qykbZ
{kerk yxHkx 500 Vu MsM osV Vust rd ¼yxHkx 58 ehVj dqy yackbZ] 9 ehVj eksYMsM
pkSM+kbZ vkSj 1-5 ehVj Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ vFkok ,d Vx vkSj nks cktZ ds esy ls cus 1000 Vu
MsM osV Vust rd ¼yxHkx 141 ehVj dqy yackbZ] eksYMsM pkSM+kbZ 9 ehVj vkSj 1-5 ehVj
Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ gksA
¼iv½ oxZ & IV ds tyekxZ dk mi;ksx ,sls Loiz.kksfnr ty;ku ds fy, gksxk ftldh <qykbZ
{kerk yxHkx 1000 Vu MsM osV Vust rd ¼yxHkx 70 ehVj dqy yackbZ] 12 ehVj eksYMsM
pkSM+kbZ vkSj 1-8 ehVj Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ vFkok ,d Vx vkSj nks cktZ ds esy ls cus 2000 Vu
MsM osV Vust rd ¼yxHkx 170 ehVj dqy yackbZ] eksYMsM pkSM+kbZ 12 ehVj vkSj 1-8 ehVj
Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ gksA
¼v½ oxZ & V ds tyekxZ dk mi;ksx ,sls Loiz.kksfnr ty;ku ds fy, gksxk ftldh <qykbZ
{kerk yxHkx 1000 Vu MsM osV Vust rd ¼yxHkx 70 ehVj dqy yackbZ] 12 ehVj eksYMsM
pkSM+kbZ vkSj 1-8 ehVj Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ vFkok ,d Vx vkSj pkj cktks± ds esy ls cus 4000
Vu MsM osV Vust ¼yxHkx 170 ehVj dqy yackbZ] eksYMsM pkSM+kbZ 24 ehVj vkSj 1-8 ehVj
Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ gksA
¼vi½ oxZ & VI ds tyekxZ dk mi;ksx ,sls Loiz.kksfnr ty;ku ds fy, gksxk ftldh <qykbZ
{kerk yxHkx 2000 Vu MsM osV Vust rd ¼yxHkx 86 ehVj dqy yackbZ] 14 ehVj eksYMsM
pkSM+kbZ vkSj 2-5 ehVj Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ vFkok ,d Vx vkSj nks cktks± ds esy ls cus 4000
Vu MsM osV Vust ¼yxHkx 210 ehVj dqy yackbZ] eksYMsM pkSM+kbZ 14 ehVj vkSj 2-5 ehVj
Hkkfjr Mªk¶V½ gksA
¼vii½ oxZ & VII ds tyekxZ dk mi;ksx ,sls Loiz.kksfnr ty;ku ds fy, gksxk ftldh <qykbZ
{kerk yxHkx 2000 Vu MsM osV Vust vkSj mlls vf/kd gks ¼yxHkx 86 ehVj dqy yackbZ]
14 ehVj eksYMsM pkSM+kbZ vkSj 2-5 ehVj Hkkfjr Mªk¶V vFkok mlls cM+s vkdkj dk½ vFkok
,d Vx vkSj pkj cktks± ds esy ls cus 8000 Vu MsM osV Vust vkSj mlls vf/kd gks
¼yxHkx 210 ehVj dqy yackbZ] eksYMsM pkSM+kbZ 28 ehVj vkSj 2-5 ehVj Hkkfjr Mªk¶V vFkok
mlls cM+s vkdkj dk½ gksA
5- bu fofu;eksa ds v/khu oxhZÑr jk"Vªh; tyekxks± ij cuus okyh lHkh ubZ lajpuk,a fn, x,
tyekxks± ds leqfpr oxZ ds vius&vius Å/okZ/kj vkSj {kSfrt fudklh ds vuq:i gksaxhA
6- jk"Vªh; tyekxZ ij fdlh lajpuk ds lafuekZ.k ls igys dksbZ Hkh O;fDr izkf/kdj.k ls
vuqefr izkIr djus ds fy, bu fofu;eksa ls mikc) izk:i esa vkosnu djsaxsA

iznhi dqekj
lfpo

112
 mikca/k
izkf/kdj.k ls lajpuk ds fuekZ.k gsrq vuqefr izkIr djus ds fy, vkosnu izk:i
¼Ñi;k fofu;e 6 ns[ksa½
izLrkfor lajpuk dk LFkku %

jk"Vªh; tyekxZ %

vf/klwfpr oxZ %

lajpuk ds izdkj %

LrEHkksa ds chp {kSfrt fudklh %

Å/okZ/kj fudklh ¼ukSpkyu laca/kh mPp ck<+ Lrj ls Åij½

utnhd dh fo|eku lajpuk ls nwjh]

;fn dksbZ gks %

;fn ,slk gS rks D;k LrEHk

,d lh/k esa gS vFkok ugha %

izokg dh fn'kk ds vuq:i

lajpuk dh fr;Zdrk %
lafuekZ.k dh vof/k %
¼{kSfrt fudklh] Å/okZ/kj fudklh vkSj LFky ekufp= dks bafxr djus okys vko';d lkekU;
vfHk;kaf=dh dk [kkdk bl izk:i ds lkFk izLrqr djsa½
?kks"k.kk
------------------- ds i{k esa eSa ;g opu nsrk gw¡ fd mi;qZDr mfYyf[kr lajpuk dk lafuekZ.k izkf/kdj.k ls
vko';d vuqefr feyus ds ckn gh izkjaHk gksxk vkSj lafuekZ.k Hkkjrh; varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ izkfèkdj.k
¼Hkkjr esa varnsZ'kh; tyekxZ dk oxhZdj.k½ fofu;e] 2006 ds vuqlkj leqfpr oxZ ds tyekxZ gsrq
fn, x, fn'kkfunsZ'k ds vuq:i gh fd;k tk,xkA

¼dk;kZy; eqgj½ ¼rkjh[k lfgr gLrk{kj½

------------------- ds Ñrs vkSj fufeÙk
vf/kdkjh dk uke vkSj inuke
izkf/kdj.k ds iz;ksx gsrq
jk"Vªh; tyekxZ 1 @ 2@ 3 ds ------------------------ iz[kaM esa ------------------------ LFkku ij lajpuk ds fy,
vuqefr fn, tkus ds lanHkZ esa rkjh[k ------------------------ dks ------------------------ ls ,d vkosnu i= izkIr
gqvkA
Hkk0 v0 t0 izk0 ds dk;kZy;ksa ds irs o nwjHkk"k la[;k
eq[;ky; % nwjHkk"k la- QSDl la-

Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 0120-2544036 0120-2543973

¼iksr ifjogu ea=ky;½] 0120-2543972 0120-2521764
,-13]lSDVj-1] ukS,Mk-201301 ¼m0iz0½ 0120-2544009 0120-2544009
bZ-esy% iwainoi@nic.in 0120-2521664 0120-2544041

{ks=h; dk;kZy;
Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 0612-2630012 0612-2630100
Xkk;?kkV VfeZuy - lg dk;kZy;] 0612-2630005
xqytkjckx] iVuk-800 007 ¼fcgkj½ 0612-2630114
bZ-esy% iwaiptn@rediffmail.com,dirpat.iwai@nic.in
Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 033-24390393 033-24395570
ih-78] xkMZu jhp jksM] 033-24395577 033-24391710
dksydkrk - 700 043 ¼ if'pe caxky ½ 033-24396055
bZ-esy% iwaical@yahoo.com,dirkol.iwai@nic.in

Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 0361-2570109 0361-2570099

ikaMq iksVZ dkEIySDl] ikaMq] 0361-2676925 0361-2570055
xqokgkVh - 781 012 ¼ vle ½ 0361-2676927
bZ-esy% iwaighy@yahoo.co.in,dirguw.iwai@nic.in 0361-2676929

Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 0484-2389804 0484-2389445

,u0 ,p0 47 ckbikl] dUukfMdkMw] ejnw] 0484-2389208
,ukZdqye - 682 304 ¼ dsjy ½
bZ-esy% iwai_kochi@yahoo.co.in,dirkoc.iwai@nic.in
mi&dk;kZy;
Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 0532-2561151 0532-2561152
360@,Q@44] uokc ;wlqQ jksM] flfoy ykbUl] 0532-2560537
bykgkckn - 211 006 ¼ m0 iz0 ½

Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 0542-2505329 0542-2505329

52] f}rh; ry] iVsy uxj] unslj]
okjk.klh - 221 002 ¼m0 iz0½
bZ-esy% iwaivns@rediffmail.com

Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 0641-2400651 0641-2400651

Ukohu xkaxqyh jksM] nqxkZ LFkku ¼eafnj ?kkV½]
cM+h [katjiqj] Hkkxyiqj - 812 001 ¼ fcgkj ½
bZ-esy% akmishra59@rediffmail.com
Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 03485-255809 03485-255809
vkWfQl fcfYaMx la[;k-1] ,Qchih
vkWfQl dkEIySDl]Ikh0 vks0- QjDdk cSjst]
ftyk - eqf'kZnkckn -742 212 ¼if'pe caxky½

Hkkjrh; vUrnsZ’kh; tyekxZ izkf/kdj.k 0373-2302540

nqxkZckM+h jksM] frfuvkyh] ,0Vh0 jksM]
ufyvkiwy] fMczwx<- 786001¼vle½
bZ-esy% iwaidib@yahoo.in
Addresses and Telephone numbers of IWAI Offices

Head Office: Telephone No. Fax No.

INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 0120-2544036 0120-2543973

(Ministry of Shipping) 0120-2543972 0120-2521764
A-13, Sector-1,Noida-201301, (U.P) 0120-2544009 0120-2544009
E-mail: iwainoi@nic.in 0120-2521664 0120-2544041

Regional Offices:
INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 0612-2630012 0612-2630100
Gaighat Terminal – Cum office, Guljarbagh, 0612-2630005
Patna – 800007 ( Bihar ) 0612-2630114
E-mail: iwaiptn@rediffmail.com,dirpat.iwai@nic.in

INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 033-24390393 033-24395570

P-78, Garden Reach Road, 033-24395577 033-24391710
Kolkata - 700 043 ( West Bengal ) 033-24396055
E-mail: iwaical@yahoo.com,dirkol.iwai@nic.in

INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 0361-2570109 0361-2570099

Pandu Port Complex, Pandu, 0361-2676925 0361-2570055
Guwahati – 781012 ( Assam ) 0361-2676927
E-mail: iwaighy@yahoo.co.in,dirguw.iwai@nic.in 0361-2676929

INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 0484-2389804 0484-2389445

N. H. 47 Bye pass, Kannadikkadu, 0484-2389208
Maradu, Ernakulam - 682 304 ( Kerala )
E-mail: iwai_kochi@yahoo.co.in,dirkoc.iwai@nic.in

Sub Offices:
INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 0532-2561151 0532-2561152
360/F/44, Nawab Yusuf Road, Civil Lines, 0532-2560537
Allahabad - 211 006 ( U.P.)

INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 0542-2505329 0542-2505329

52, 2nd floor, Patel Nagar, Nadesar,
Varanasi - 221 002 ( U.P.)
E-mail: iwaivns@rediffmail.com

INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 0641-2400651 0641-2400651

Navin Ganguli Road, Durga Asthan ( Mandir Ghat ),
Badi Khanjarpur, Bhagalpur – 812001 (Bihar )
E-mail: akmishra59@rediffmail.com

INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 03485-255809 03485-255809

Office Building No. 1,FBP Office Complex,
P.O. Farakka Barrage, Distt. Murshidabad - 742212 ( W.B)

INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY OF INDIA 0373-2302540

Durgabari road, Tiniali, A. T. Road, Naliapool,
Dibrugarh- 786001(Assam)
E-mail: iwaidib@yahoo.in