ANSWERS

Self Assessment Paper- 1

PHYSICS

Section - A 11. Option (A) is correct.

 Displacement 

Explanation: Time Period = 2p  
1. Option (C) is correct. 1  Acceleration 
2. Option (D) is correct. 1 x
= 2π  
3. Option (A) is correct. 1  bx 
4. Option (A) is correct. 1

Explanation: = 2π  
 b 
Displacement = 10 2 + 20 2 2π
=
= 100 + 400
b
= 500
12. Option (C) is correct.
= 22.361
Explanation:
5. Option (A) is correct. Initially,

Explanation: Acceleration acting on the particle is g I

T = 2π
g
which is a constant. So, the slope of v-t graph will
be constant i.e., the graph will be a straight line.1 Finally,
I
6.
Option (C) is correct. 2T = 2π
g

Explanation: When dropped from the running train
the stone will move horizontally with the same I I
velocity due to inertia. The force of gravity will or, 2 × 2π = 2π
g g
act on it downward. Hence, the stone will follow a
4I I
parabolic path. 1 or, =
g g
7. Option (A) is correct.
∴ l' =4l
3
T d 
Explanation: 2 =  2 

2 13. Option (C) is correct.
T2  d2 
Explanation: Time period of a pendulum is given by
3
l l
T1  1013  2
T = k   = 2π   .
=  g
T2  1012    g

T1 3
Hence, the assertion is true.
= 10 2
T2 The value of the constant k cannot be determined

by dimensional analysis. This is a limitation of
T1
∴
= 1000 = 10 10 dimensional analysis.
T2 Hence, the reason is false.
8. Option (A) is correct
14. Option (A) is correct.
9. Option (D) is correct.
Explanation: When a particle returns to its starting
Explanation: Due to anomalous expansion of water
point then its displacement is zero. But the distance
if the temperature of water decreases from 4°C to
covered by it not zero. Hence, the assertion is true.
0°C its density decreases, volume increases.
Displacement is a vector quantity and distance is
10. Option (C) is correct. a scalar quantity. Hence, displacement can be zero

Explanation: For free expansion, but distance covered cannot be zero for a moving
∆U = 0 particle. Hence, the reason is also true and explains

∴ Initial temperature = Final temperature = T the assertion.
2 OSWAAL CBSE Sample Question Papers, PHYSICS, Class-XI

15. Option (A) is correct. Section - C

Explanation: The function that repeats itself at
regular intervals of time is called periodic function. 22. (a) Centripetal acceleration
A cos 0° = A cos 2p = A cos 4p .......          a = v2/r
Hence, the value of A cos wt repeats as the argument When v’ = 2 v
is increased by an integral multiple of 2p radians.
Hence, A cos wt is a periodic function. and r’ = 2r,
So, the assertion and reason both are true and the then a’ = v’2/r’
reason explains the assertion. = (2v)2 / (2r) = 2a2
16. Option (D) is correct. (b) 90°.1
Explanation: Beats are not audible when two 23. (a) Sometimes friction between two surfaces
vibrating tuning forks of frequency 1024 Hz and decreases to such an extent that it is difficult to
2048 Hz are brought closer since to hear the beats move on that surface. So, friction needs to be
clearly the difference of frequencies of the two increased. For example, vehicles can’t move
waves should be less than 10 Hz. So, assertion and on a road covered with snow. In such cases we
reason both are false. have to throw sand on the road to increase the
friction. 1
Section - B (b) Banking of road at turnings is require to provide
the necessary centripetal force to avoid the
17. Joule is a unit of work. chance of skid. 1
Using the relation, 24. Using the relation for kinetic energy,
Work = force × displacement 1
= mass × acceleration × displacement
K.E. = mv2
2
velocity
= mass× ×displacement We get rate of change of K.E. with respect to time as
time
displacement d d 1 2
= mass × ×displacement (K.E.) = mv 
time×time
dt dt  2 
= mass × displacement2 × time–2 1 1 dv
= ×m×2×v×
Unit of work, 2 dt


J = kg × m2 × s–2
dv
= kgm2s–2. 1 = mv

dt
18. This is due to the Newton’s third law of motion.
When the man jumps out of the boat, he applies a mdv

But = ma = F 1
force on it in the backward direction and in turn, dt
the reaction of the boat on the man pushes him out
where a is acceleration and F is force.
of the boat.  2
d dx
19. Kinetic energy is a scalar. ½ ∴ K.E. = Fv = F
dt dt
S.I. unit of kinetic energy is joule (J)  ½
Dimensional formula of kinetic energy is [ML2T–2].1 or d(K.E.) = Fdx 1
20. Work done in rotational motion, Integrating between the initial and final energies,
W = ΣFi ri × ∆θ, i.e., K.E.i. and K.E.f and also position, i.e., xi and xf
where ΣFi.ri is the algebraic sum of moment of respectively, we get
forces and ∆θ is the angle through which a body is K .E. f xf
rotated, 1 ∫K .E. d( K .E.) = ∫x Fdx

i i
∴ W = Total torque × Angular displacement 1
21. (i) Velocity of the particle is zero at A, C, E and G. ∴ K.E.(f) – K.E.(i) = W
The work energy theorem is thus verified for
(ii) Speed of particle is maximum is at B, D, F and H. 2
variable force. 1
OR
vmax = aω
2π Commonly Made Error
or, vmax = a ×
T
Students commit error while finding the
2π
or, vmax = 0.5 × derivatives and the integrals of functions to
0.4
prove the required result.
∴ vmax = 2.5π 1
ANSWERS 3

OR
Answering Tip (a)

Students should learn about the basics of

derivatives and integrals and their use to get
the desired result.
25. (a) (b) is more brittle. A material is said to be brittle
if there is small stress-strain variation beyond
elastic point and fracture point of brittle material
lies close to elastic point.2
Displacement
(b) This happens due to elastic fatigue in spring. 1
26. (a) Kelvin’s statement-: No process is possible E=K+U = constant
whose sole result is the absorption of heat from a
2
reservoir and complete conversion of the heat into
work1 amax ω 2 A
(b) = =ω
Clausius statement: It is not possible to transfer vmax ωA
heat from a body at lower temperature to another
at higher temperature without the help of some
external energy. 1
Section - D
(b) A material which allows the flow of heat is called 29. (i) Option (C) is correct.
diathermic material. 1 Explanation: In a uniform gravitational field, the
27. (a) According to kinetic theory, the molecules of centre of mass coincide with the center of gravity.1
a gas are in a state of continuous random motion. (ii) Option (B) is correct.
They collide with one another and also with the
walls of the vessel. 1 Explanation: If an object does not have a uniform
weight distribution then the center of mass will
Whenever a molecule collides with the wall, it
be closer to where most of the weight is located.
returns with a changed momentum and an equal
1
momentum is transferred to the wall and thus
creating pressure. 1 (iii) Option (D) is correct.
(b) The mean free path of a gas molecule is the average Explanation: Since, all the 3 blocks are identical,
distance travelled by the molecule between its two the centre of mass will be below the support but
successive collisions with other molecules. 1 above the line joining the blocks B and C.1
28. (a) The motion of a simple pendulum will be simple
OR
harmonic when the bob is displaced from mean
Option (A) is correct.

position in such a way that sin θ ≈ θ. 1
Explanation: The Leaning Tower of Pisa does not
Commonly Made Error fall because its center of mass has been carefully
kept within its base.
Today, despite the inclination of about 4° (reduced
Students can't state the condition at which the from over 5°), a vertical line drawn from the center
motion of the simple pendulum is S.H.M. of mass still falls inside the base.1
(iv) Option (B) is correct.
Answering Tip Explanation: The Moon’s centre of mass is very
close to its geometric centre (it is not exact because
Motion of simple pendulum is simple harmonic the Moon is not a perfect uniform sphere), but
if the angle by which the bob is displaced from its centre of gravity is slightly displaced towards
Earth due to uneven gravitational field. The
the mean position is small. gravitational force is stronger on the Moon’s
near side facing the earth.1
(b) Displacement, y = A sin wt
Velocity = v =
dy 30. (i) Option (A) is correct.
dt Explanation: Expansion and contraction of steel
= Aw cos wt and concrete structure due to seasonal heating
 π and cooling is a common problem found in civil
= Aw sin  ωt +  1 engineering.
2
This problem is predominant on railway
∴ phase difference between y and v is tracks. This could lead to rail buckling, known
 π  π in the industry as “Sun kink”, and cause the
∆φ =   ωt +  − ωt  = 1
 2  2 derailment of train.1
4 OSWAAL CBSE Sample Question Papers, PHYSICS, Class-XI

(ii) Option (C) is correct. Integrating

Explanation: Expansion coefficient of steel v m dm m dm
∫v dv = – ∫ u = u ∫m
= 11.5 × 10–6 /°C.1 0 m 0 m 0 m
(iii) Option (C) is correct.
i.e., v – v0 = – u[loge m – loge m0]
Explanation: DL = aLDt
= u[loge m0 – loge m]
a = 11.5 × 10–6 / °C. m0
L = 20 m i.e., v = v0 + u loge
m
Dt = 30°C
Putting the values in the expression:
If v0 = 0,
DL = 11.5 × 10–6 × 20 × 30 m0
= 6.9 mm 1 v = u loge 1
m
(iv) Option (D) is correct.
(ii) Thrust on the rocket
Explanation: At each joint of railway track
there must be a short gap (≈ 1/8”) between
Using, mdv = – udm,
the rail ends, to allow for longitudinal thermal (neglecting '–' ve sign because
expansion of the rails on hot days.1 it only represents direction)
OR mdv dm

we get, =u
dt dt

Option (B) is correct.
(dividing both sides by dt)
Explanation: Normally 1/8’’ gap is left when
dm
two railway track ends are joined with fishplate.
or m×a =u
dt
When temperature rises, the rail tracks expand
and this gap accommodates the expansion of dv

(where acceleration, a = )
the steel track. So, the gap contracts. When dt
temperature decreases, the rail tracks contract udm

or F=  1
and this gap increases. 1 dt
(iii) Speed of the rocket when whole fuel is burnt
Section-E Using, v = v0 + uloge
m0
31. m
(a) At time t = 0 where, v = ve, speed of empty rocket
Let the mass of rocket with fuel = m0 and m = me, mass of empty rocket
Velocity of the rocket with respect to earth = v0 m
we get, ve = v0 + u loge 0 1
At time t = t me
Mass of rocket with fuel = m
and velocity of rocket w.r.t. earth = v
Commonly Made Error
such that m < m0 and v > v0 ½
At time (t + dt) Students commit error while applying different
If at time (t + dt), the mass of fuel burnt is dm which formulas and integration methods.
gives gases of velocity vg and velocity of rocket
becomes (v + dv).
Using the law of conservation of momentum
mv = (m – dm) (v + dv) – dmvg
Answering Tip
(vg is with – ve sign because it acts downward)
i.e., mdv = – (vg + v) dm Students should ensure about the formulas
(neglecting dmdv being very small) to be used for each expressions and then
remember the basic integral rules to derive
i.e., mdv = – udm  ½
each expression.
(u is the relative velocity of gases with respect to the
rocket) → ®
(b) Newton’s second law, i.e., F = m a is applicable
(i) Velocity of rocket at any instant only if the mass (m) of the body remains constant. In
Using mdv = – udm case of the rocket, the mass continuously decreases
→ ®

( velocity increase with decrease in mass) and hence F = m a is not applicable. 2
ANSWERS 5

Commonly Made Error Commonly Made Error

Students connect it with the acceleration due to Student fail to consider that the Centre of mass
gravity and may forget to include the variable of the system will remain constant and hence
mass of the rocket. could not obtain desired results.

Answering Tip Answering Tip

Students should be aware of the phenomenon Student should do enough practice in solving
of the motion of a rocket and its related numerical problems related to centre of mass.
conditions.
(b) It will reach the bottom with same speed in each
case because speed depends upon height and not
OR
in inclination.
(a) The fictitious or imaginary force used to balance It will take longer to roll down on the plane with
an actual or material force is called pseudo force, smaller inclination. 2
– mv 2 OR
e.g., centrifugal force, F = is a pseudo force.
r (a) The hollow sphere shall have greater M.I., as its
Pseudo forces do not have material sources, they entire mass is concentrated at the boundary of the
are simply produced because of the acceleration or sphere at maximum distance from the axis.  2
rotation of the frame itself. 2 (b) We know that power is given by
P = τω ...(1) ½
(b) The automobile tyres have generally irregular
projections over their surface so as to : Also we know that,
(i) Increase friction, 1
K.E. = Iω2 ...(2) ½
(ii) Increase the grip with the the ground and thus 2
avoiding their skidding.  2 As P = rate of change of energy
(c) No, the frictional force is a non-conservative force, = rate of change of K.E.
i.e., the work done by it depends upon the actual
d 1 2
path followed by a body. 1 = Iω 
dt  2 
32. Weconsider boat and dog as a system. Initially,
centre of mass of the system is at rest. Since, no 1 dω
= × I × 2ω
external force is acting on the system, hence centre 2 dt
of mass of the system will remain stationary. Let
initially distance of the centre of mass of the boat  dω 
= Iωa ∵ = α ...(3)
from the shore be x1cm m. dt 
 40 × x + 10 × 20  ∴ From equation (1) and (3), we get
Then, x1cm. =  m
 40 + 10  P = τω
Here, x1c.m. = distance of the C.M. of the system Since τ = Iα 1
from the shore.
Since, dog moves towards the shore, for the centre (c) No, radius of gyration of a body depends on axis
of mass of the system to be at rest, the boat has to of rotation and also on distribution of mass of the
move away from the shore. Let distance moved by body about this axis.1
the boat be ‘x’. Then, 33. (i)(a) Upto point A, Hooke’s law is obeyed because
the graph is straight line from O to A. ½
 ′ ′ 
x2cm. =  40( x + x ) + 10(20 − 8 + x )  (b) Point B. From the graph it is clear that the wire
 40 + 10  returns to its original position after being unloaded
upto point B only, hence B is elastic limit. ½
As x1c.m. = x2c.m. (c) Elastic region—O to B
Plastic region—B to E ½
 40 x + 200   40( x + x′) + 10(12 + x′) 
⇒   =
  (d) Strain is directly proportional to load upto point
 50   50  A and after A, strain increases by greater amount

⇒ 50 x′ = 80 ⇒ x′ = 1.6 m. as compared to first case (i.e., O to A) for a given
increase in load. Beyond the elastic limit B, the
Hence, distance of dog from the shore is (20 – 8 curve does not retrace backwards as the wire is
+ 1.6) m = 13.6 m 3 unloaded but returns along dotted line CO’. Point O’
corresponds to strain at zero load, which shows there
is a permanent strain in the wire. ½
6 OSWAAL CBSE Sample Question Papers, PHYSICS, Class-XI

F (a) Let a given quantity of liquid exert force F in a

(ii) Using Stress = , ½
A direction θ with the horizontal. Resolving, we get
we get F = Stress × A Fcosθ along horizontal surface of liquid and Fsinθ
2 along the vertical. ½
 10 –2 
= (50 × 10 6 ) × π ×   N ½
 2 
 π× 10−4 
(50 × 10 6 ) 
F  4 
Largest mass = = kg
g 10

= 392.7 kg 1

Commonly Made Error

Student can't calculate the mass that can be
hung from the glass without breaking it.
Answering Tip
Student should understand that when the mass
is hung then the force acting on the mass is 'mg'
(i.e. the force of gravity).
(iii) Elasticity is reciprocal of compressibility. Air is more
compressive than water. Hence, water is more
elastic than air.
As there is no flow of liquid so F cosθ should be
zero. ½
Since, F ≠ 0, cos θ = 0
or θ = 90°
i.e., a liquid at rest exerts normal force to the walls
of the container. 1
(b) Due to the high velocity of the jet of water, the
pressure between the ball and jet decreases. The
greater (atmospheric) pressure on the other side
of the ball pushes it against the jet and the ball
remains suspended. The high velocity of water
takes the ball upwards along with it and makes it to
spin.
1

Commonly Made Error

Student can't compare the elasticity of air and

water.

 1
Answering Tip
A ping-pong ball supported on a jet of water. 1
Student should understand that the
bulk modulus of elasticity is reciprocal of (c) Pressure exerted by a liquid column of height h, P=
compressibility. hρg. As h is large, so P is quite large. Due to it the
bottom are made thick. 1
OR

