FIRST AID IN CHOKING

Asst. Prof. Merve ÖZSOY DURMAZ

Airway obstructions are divided into two groups as anatomical and mechanical.

Anatomical Obstruction: It is an airway obstruction caused by the back escape of the

tongue of the injured person who is unconscious or closed. Causes of obstruction; acute
asthma attack, pulmonary edema, contraction of the muscles that provide breathing,
burns and injuries.
 Mechanical Obstruction: It is seen as a result of blood accumulated in the mouth or
coagulated saliva blocking the respiratory tract. A hard object stuck in the esophagus
can create mechanical blockage by pressing

SYMPTOMS OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

• Dizziness
• Tachycardia
• Arrhythmia
• Inability to cough
• Cyanosis
• Inability to hear breathing sounds
• Faint
• Loss of consciousness
• Cardiac arrest
• Pupil dilation
 First Aid in Obstructions Due to Foreign Bodies

First, the type of blockage should be determined. It is vital to start first aid after
determining the type of obstruction. Respiratory tract obstructions due to
foreign bodies are seen in two ways.

1.Partial Blockage
2. Full Blockage

First Aid in Partial Blockage

'Partial obstruction' occurs as a result of the foreign body closing the airway
causing a decrease in air passage.

• With partial obstruction, the patient may cough or even talk.If the coughing
response is strong, the patient should be encouraged to cough.
• In the case where the obstruction continues, wheezing is heard from the
patient when breathing and cyanosis may occur.
• The coughing patient should never be hit on the back.
• If there is breathing, the person is given a comfortable position.
• If no foreign body is seen and the whistling sound (wheezing respiration)
continues, signs of complete obstruction are observed.
• First aid applications are started as soon as possible.
 First Aid in Partial Blockage
• Complete obstruction occurs as a result of the swallowed or escaping foreign
body completely blocking the air passage. In addition, partial obstruction
can also occur with the movement of the body during first aid.

• With complete congestion, the patient can not speak and answers questions
with a head movement.
• He is in a state of panic and puts his hands around his neck.
• He can not cough and breathe.
• The patient has cyanosis.
• If everyone over the age of one is conscious, the back stroke and the
heimlich maneuver should be applied.

PROCEDURE STEPS OF THE HEMLICH MANEUVER IN THE ADULT

• Be sure of the safety of yourself and the injured person.
• Shake the shoulders of the injured person and ask, "Are you okay?" and check his
consciousness.
• Learn by observing the patient's posture and bringing his hands to his throat.
• Do a mouth check and if you can observe the object, take it in one fell swoop.

• Get behind the injured person. Supporting the

patient with one hand, tell him to lean
forward.Try to move the foreign body by hitting
it with (back blow) force five times between the
heel of the other hand and the shoulder blades.
 PROCEDURE STEPS OF THE HEMLICH MANEUVER IN THE ADULT
• Check if the foreign body has come to the mouth under the influence of these five
strokes.
• If no foreign body has emerged after the in the back, perform the heimlich
maneuver.

PROCEDURE STEPS OF THE HEMLICH MANEUVER IN THE ADULT

• Grasp the torso from the back of the patient to the yellows with both arms.
• Make a fist so that one hand, thumb is inside.
• Place the side of the thumb of the hand from which the fist is made between the
belly button and the xiphoid protrusion.
 PROCEDURE STEPS OF THE HEMLICH MANEUVER IN THE ADULT

• Grasp the hand made with the other hand.

• Apply pressure vigorously back and up five times.
• Check if the foreign body is ejected by the action of these five pressures.
• In the person experiencing the blockage, continue the practice of five row strokes
and five times the heimlich maneuver until the foreign body comes out.
• If a foreign body has come out and there is sufficient breathing, put the patient in a
comfortable position (fowler, coma)
PERFORMING THE HEIMLICH MANEUVER ON YOURSELF
 CHOKING FIRST AID FOR PREGNANT WOMAN

If the person is pregnant or if you can't get your

arms around the stomach, give chest thrusts: Put
your hands at the base of the breastbone, just above
the joining of the lowest ribs. Press hard into the
chest with a quick thrust. This is the same action as
the Heimlich maneuver.
 Youtube Video: How to do the Heimlich maneuver

PROCEDURE STEPS OF HEMLICH MANEUVER IN CHILDREN (1-8 YEARS)

Foreign body removal practices in children over 8 years of age are the same as in
adults.
• Be sure of the safety of yourself and the child.
• Check the child's consciousness by holding him by the shoulders with the question
'are you okay?'.
• Observe the child's posture and bringing his hands to his throat.
• Do a mouth check and pick up the object in one move if you can see it.
• If you cannot observe the foreign object in the child's mouth, never insert the finger.
 PROCEDURE STEPS OF HEMLICH MANEUVER IN CHILDREN (1-8 YEARS)

• Never use the methods of hitting the child from the back, pushing from the
abdomen and pressing from the chest if he can cough strongly.
• In incomplete obstructions, observe the child until the obstruction has passed or
complete airway obstruction.
• When you are sure that a complete blockage has occurred, start the heimlich
maneuver by sitting or standing, depending on the child's development.
• Carefully lay the child on the floor with support (even if no foreign objects come
out)Be prepared for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
PROCEDURE STEPS OF THE HEMLICH MANEUVER IN INFANTS (<1 YEAR)

• Be sure of the safety of yourself and the baby.

• Control the baby's consciousness by giving painful stimuli.
• Determine the type of blockage by observing the signs of cyanosis in the baby.

• With the help of the thumb and

other fingers, grasp the baby's chin,
giving it a head-chin position.

PROCEDURE STEPS OF HEMLICH MANEUVER IN CHILDREN ((<1 YEAR)

• Once you are sure that there is a complete blockage, lay it face down on one arm,
giving it the head-chin position.
• Strike between the baby's two shoulder blades five times with the inside of the
wrist.
• Turn it on your back on the other arm and check that the foreign object has come
out.
• After making sure that it does not come out, apply the pressure by determining the
CPR point with two fingers 5 times with the head down from the body.
• Continue this process until the foreign body is removed.
Youtube Video: Performing the Heimlich Maneuver on a Child or Infant