 The first official game was played in the YMCA gymnasium

PE MIDTERMS in Albany, New York on January 20, 1892 with nine players
By 1897-1898 teams of five became standard
In Europe
MARIE JOY VERGARA
In 1909 the first international match was played in Russia:
Mayak Saint Petersburg beat a YMCA American team.
BASKETBALL FIBA
II. OBJECTIVE OF THE GAME: On June 18, 1932, Argentina, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy,
to shoot a ball through a hoop 18 inches (46 cm) in Latvia, Portugal, Romania and Switzerland founded the
diameter and 10 feet (3.0 m) high mounted to a backboard at International Basketball Federation (FIBA) in Geneva.
each end.
IV. EQUIPMENT:
HISTORY OF BASKETBALL BASKETBALL
THE CREATOR ΜΕΝ - 29.5 inches in circumference (size 7, or a "295 ball") and
 A Canadian clergyman name James Naismith weighs 22 oz
WOMEN - 28.5 inches in circumference (size 6, or a "285 ball")
 Created on December 21, 1891
with a weight of 20 oz.
The game was invented in 1891 by Dr. James Naismith,
who would be the first basketball coach of the Kansas
Jayhawks, one of the most successful programs in the game's COURT
history.
James Naismith (November 6, 1861 - November 28, 1939)
was a Canadian-American physical educator, physician,
chaplain, sports coach and innovator.
III. HISTORY:
 December 1891
 Canadian Naismith, professor American a physical Dr.
and instructor James education at the International
Young Men's Christian Association Training School
(YMCA) (today, Springfield College) in Springfield, Details
Massachusetts, USA), was trying to keep his gym class  Size (Overall): 94’ x 50’ | 28.65 x 15.24 m
active on a rainy day  Area (Court): 4,700 ft2 | 436.64 m2
 Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball  Baskets: 4’ | 122 cm from perimeter, 10’ | 305 cm high
 The first balls made specifically for basketball were  Three-point Arc: 23’9” | 7.24 m, 22’ | 6.7 m corners
brown, and it was only in the late 1950s that Tony Hinkle,
 Free-Throw Line: 15’ | 4.57 m from basket
searching for a ball that would be more visible to players
and spectators alike, introduced the orange ball that is  Center Circle: 12’ | 366 cm diameter
now in common use  Material (Indoor): Polished wood, usually maple
The First Ball  Material (Outdoor): Paving, concrete, asphalt
 The very first ball that was used was a soccer ball until
1840 when an actual "basketball" was invented. The
BASKET BALL HOOP AND BACKBOARD
basketball was slightly smaller, about thirty inches in
diameter
The Basket
 The first baskets that were used were two peach baskets
that were hung from the balcony of the gym
 By 1906, the peach baskets were replaced by metal
baskets with holes in the bottom.
 In 1913, a hoop with a net was invented so the basketball
could fall freely to the ground
Backboard
 In 1893, due to the overzealous spectators interfering with
the basketball, the backboard was invented. The first
backboard was constructed out of wire mesh, and then
wood and now it is made out of glass so the backboard
does not interfere with the viewing of the game. Details
III. HISTORY  Rim Height: 10’ | 3.05 m
 Dribbling was not part of the original game except for the  Rim Diameter: 18” | 46 cm
"bounce pass" to teammates  Backboard Height: 42” | 110 cm
 Passing the ball was the primary means of ball movement  Backboard Width: 72” | 183 cm
 Dribbling was eventually introduced but limited by the  Inner Backboard Rectangle: 18”x 24” | 46 x 61 cm
asymmetric shape of early balls
 Material (Backboard): Plexiglas, tempered glass
 Influenced by the children's game named Duck on a Rock
 Material (Rim): High tensile carbon steel
BASKETBALL SHOES
 The thing that distinguishes basketball shoes from other
shoes is their shape which is slightly higher at the ankle,
which aims to protect the ankle from the risk of an ankle
injury.
 Then the sole or base of the shoe is also made with anti-
slip material for use on the field because the basketball
game pattern, which consists of running and jumping
movements, requires anti-slip shoes and helps with the
said movements.
KNEE-PAD
 is an elastic cloth that is made to keep the parts of the
body that are experiencing movement from being injured,
as a result of the wrong position during the movement.
 Generally, basketball players use the pads on the knees,
ankles, and elbows.
THE GAME
Basketball Game
 Basketball is played by 2 teams of 5 Players each.
Basket: Opponents/own
 Attacked by a team is the opponent’s basket and the
basket which is defended by a team's own basket.
Winner of a game
 Team that has scored the greater number of points at
the end of the playing time shall be the winner.
TEAM
Each team shall consists of
 No more then 12 team members entitled to play,
including a captain.
 5 players from each team shall be on the playing court
during playing time and may be substituted.
Uniform
 Shirts of the same dominant colour front and back.
 all players must tuck their shirts into there playing
shorts.
 Shorts of the same dominant colour front and back,
but not necessarily of same colour as the t- shirts.
Other equipment
PLAYING REGULATIONS
• The game shall consist of 4 periods of 10 minutes.
(10:02:10:15:10:02:10 )
• There shall be intervals of play of 2 minutes between
the 1st and 2nd period (First Half), between the 3 ^
(nd) and 4th period (Second Half) and before extra
period.
• There shall be a half time interval of play of 15
minutes.
• Status of the ball:- live and dead
• Jump ball and alternating possession.
• Goal:- when made and its value
How long does the Basketball game last?
(Professional-ex. NBA,PBA,etc.)
• 1st quarter (12 minutes)
• 2 minute break
• 2nd quarter (12 minutes)
• Halftime (15 minutes)
• 3rd quarter (12 minutes)
• 2 minute break
• 4th quarter (12 minutes)
• if the score is tied at the end of regulation play, the
teams play multiple 5-minute overtime periods until
a winner is decided.
SCORING
• 3 points- beyond the 3-point arc
• 2 points- inside the 3-point arc
• 1 point- from free throw
OFFICIALS:
• an official is a person who has the responsibility to
enforce the rules and maintain the order of the game
1. REFEREE
1. Crew chief - the lead official usually performs the
jump ball
2. Umpires a.k.a. Referees same responsibilities with
the lead official only that they are only assistants
OFFICIALS AND THEIR DUTIES
1. REFEREE- the official in charge of the game. His duties are:
• Put the ball in play at the center circle to start each
half period and extra period of the game.
• Administer penalties.
• Watch the players in lanes and free throw line during
free-throw.
• Disqualify a player for fouls.
• Indicate each goal made.
• Order time-in
• Sign score book at the end of the game. He shall
carefully examine the score sheet at the end of each
half and of each extra period or at anytime he feels
necessary, approve the score and/or confirm the time
that remains to be played.
• Shall inspect and approve all equipment to be used
during the game.
• Designate the official time piece and recognize the
table officials.
• He shall not permit any player to wear objects, which
are dangerous to the other players.
• He shall make the final decision if the officials
disagree on whether or not a goal shall count.
• He shall have power to stop a game when conditions
warrant it. He shall also have the power to determine
that a team shall forfeit the game if it refuses to play
after being instructed to do so or if the team, by its
action, prevents the game from being played.
Kinds of Referee:
1. Lead Referee
2. Trail Referee
2. SCORER
The one who will record the points, violations and fouls gained
by each team
Uses score sheet for documentary purposes and scoreboard
for letting the teams know about their status in the game
OFFICIAL SCOREKEEPER AND ASSISTANT SCORER
• Sit at the table alongside the court.
• Shall use the official score sheet.
• Keep a record of the names and numbers of players
who are to start the game and of all substitutes who
are enter the game. When there is an infraction
(violation) of these rules pertaining to a substitution
of a line- up, substitution or numbers of players, he
shall notify the nearer official as soon as possible after
the infraction is discovered.
• Record the personal and technical fouls called on
each player and shall notify the referee immediately
when the 5th foul (for games of 2 * 20 minutes) or the
6th foul (for games of 4 * 12 minutes is called on any
player. Similarly he shall record the technical fouls
called on each coach and shall notify the referee.
• The scorer shall notify the officials at the next time-
out opportunity when a team has requested a
charged time-out record the time-outs and notify the
coach through an official which is the Assistant
Scorer.
SCORESHEET
3. TIMEKEEPERS
• Responsible for monitoring time of the game
DUTIES:
• The timer operates the clock according to the rules
governing when time is in (ball in play) and when it is
not.
• Shall keep a record of playing time and time of
stoppage as provided in these rules.
• Shall note when each half is to start.
• To notify the teams and the officials or cause them to
be notified at least minutes in advance.
• The 30-second operator shall operate the 30-second
device and shall start as soon as a player gains control
of a live ball on the court.
SCOREBOARD
4. COACH
• At least 20 minutes before the game is scheduled to begin,
each coach or his representative shall give the scorer a
written list of the names and numbers of the team
members who are to play in the game, as well as the
names of the captain of the team, the coach and the
assistant coach.
• At least 10 minutes before the game, both coaches shall
confirm their agreement with the names and numbers of
their team members and the names of the coaches
inscribed by signing the score sheet. At the same time they
shall indicate the five players who are to start the game.
The "A" will be the first to provide this information.
• Only the coach or the assistant coach may makes the
request for changed time-out.
• When a coach or assistant coach requires a substitution to
be effected, the substitute must report to the scorer to
make the request and must be ready to play immediately.
• If there is an assistant coach his name must be inscribed
on the score sheet before the beginning of the game (his
signature is not necessary). He shall assume the
responsibilities of the coach if for any reason, the coach is
unable to continue.
• The team captain, shall act as coach if there is no coach or
if the coach is unable to continue and there is no assistant
coach inscribed on the score sheet (or the later is unable
to continue). If the captain must leave the playing court
for any valid reason, he may continue to act as coach.
However, if he must leave following a disqualifying foul, or
if he is unable to act as coach because of injury, his
substitute as captain shall replace him as coach.
• Only the coach, whose name is inscribed on the score
sheet, is permitted to remain standing during the game.
This also applies to any individual who replaces the coach
for any reason.
5. CAPTAIN
• When necessary, captain shall represent his team on the
court.
• He may address an official to obtain essential information.
But this should be done in a courteous manner and only
when the ball is dead and the clock is stopped.
• When the captain leaves the playing court or any valid
reasons, the coach shall inform an official o the number of
player who will replace him as captain on the court during
his absence.
• The captain may act as coach.
• The captain shall designate the jumper of his team in a
jump ball situation and the free-throw shooter
determined by the rules.
VIOLATION
• Player out of bounds and ball out of bounds.
• Dribbling
• Travelling
• Three second
• Eight second
• Twenty-four second
• Ball returned to the backcourt
FOULS  Power forward: plays offensively often with their
back to the basket; on defense, plays under the
A foul is an infraction of the rules concerning illegal personal
basket (in a zone defense) or against the
contact with an opponent and unsportsmanlike behavior.
opposing power forward (in man- to-man
• Personal foul defense).
• Double foul  Center: uses height and size to score (on offense),
• Unsportsmanlike foul to protect the basket closely (on defense), or to
• Disqualifying foul rebound.
• Technical foul
• Fighting

GENERAL PROVISIONS
• Five fouls by a player
• Team fouls penalty
• Special situation
• Free throws • In 1897, the number of players allowed on the court
• Correctable errors was reduced to five on each team. A team consisted
of a center, two forward and two guards At the
BASIC SKILLS beginning, there were allowing six, seven and ever
eight players on each team.
1. POSITIONING
B. SHOOTING
2. SHOOTING
 the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball
3. REBOUNDING
through the basket, methods varying with players and
4. PASSING situations
5. DRIBBLING  a player faces the basket with both feet facing the basket
6. BLOCKING  A player will rest the ball on the fingertips of the
dominant hand (the shooting arm) slightly above the
GUARDS AND FORWARDS: should possess the following: head, with the other hand supporting the side of the ball
1. FORWARDS:  the ball is usually shot by jumping (though not always)
1. ability to shoot consistently from different positions and extending the shooting arm
2. ability to rebound  the shooting arm, fully extended with the wrist fully
bent, is held stationary for a moment following the
3. ability to vary style and speed
release of the ball, known as a follow-through
4. ability to plan and execute plays
 players may shoot directly into the basket or may use
5. ability to remain calm under pressure the backboard to redirect the ball into the basket
2. GUARDS 3 Types of Shooting
1. ability to feel out strength and weaknesses of a. JUMPSHOT
opponents and to analyze pattern of movements
b. LAY-UP
2. ability to stay with the players and to anticipate
c. SLAM DUNK
possible plays
3. ability to steal or tie the ball without fouling
4. ability to rebound and pass accurately
5. ability to shift pattern of defensive play

A. POSITIONS
• Although the rules do not specify any positions
whatsoever, they have evolved as part of basketball
• during the first five decades of basketball's evolution,
one guard, two forwards, and two centers or two
guards, two forwards, and one center were used
• since the 1980s, more specific positions have evolved,
namely:
 Point guard: usually the fastest player on the
team, organizes the team's offense by controlling
the ball and making sure that it gets to the right
player at the right time.
 Shooting guard: creates a high volume of shots
on offense, mainly long-ranged; and guards the
opponent's best perimeter player on defense.
 Small forward: often primarily responsible for
scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble
penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and
steals, but sometimes plays more actively.
C. REBOUNDING 5. No-look Pass
 the objective of rebounding is to successfully gain • a special way of doing this is passing the ball without
possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or looking at the receiving teammate
free throw, as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
 this plays a major role in the game, as most possessions
end when a team misses a shot
2 Categories in Rebounding
1. Offensive Rebounds
 in which the ball is recovered by the offensive
side and does not change possession
2. Defensive Rebounds
6. Behind-the-back Pass
 in which the defending team gains possession of
• advanced style of passing the ball
the loose ball
• involves throwing the ball behind the passer's back
D. PASSING
to a teammate
• a method of moving the ball between players
• most passes are accompanied by a step forward to
increase power and are followed through with the
hands to ensure accuracy
6 TYPES OF PASS
1. Chest Pass
• the ball is passed directly from the passer's chest to
the receiver's chest. A proper chest pass involves an
outward snap of the thumbs to add velocity and
V. NATURE OF THE GAME:
leaves the defence little time to react
• A field goal scores two points for the shooting team if a
player is touching or closer to the basket than the three-
point line, and three points (known commonly as a 3
pointer or three) if the player is behind the three-point
line
2. Bound Pass • The team with the most points at the end of the game
• the passer bounces the ball crisply about two-thirds wins, but additional time (overtime) may be issued when
of the way from his own chest to the receiver the game ends with a draw
• the ball strikes the court and bounces up toward the
receiver E. DRIBBLING
• the bounce pass takes longer to complete than the • the act of bouncing the ball continuously with one
chest pass, but it is also harder for the opposing team hand, and is a requirement for a player to take steps
to intercept (kicking the ball deliberately is a with the ball
violation) • a player pushes the ball down towards the ground
• players often use the bounce pass in crowded with the fingertips rather than patting it; this ensures
moments, or to pass around a greater control
F. BLOCKING
• performed when, after a shot is attempted, a defender
succeeds in altering the shot by touching the ball

THE FIRST BASKETBALL GAME

3. Overhead Pass
On December 21, 1891, James Naismith published
• used to pass the ball over a defender the ball is
rules for a new game using five basic ideas and thirteen rules.
released while over the passer's head
That day, he asked his class to play a match in the Armory
• Don’t let the defence intercept the ball Street court: 9 versus 9, using a soccer ball and two peach
baskets. Frank Mahan, one of his students, wasn't so happy.
He just said: "Harrumph. Another new game". However,
Naismith was the inventor of the new game. Someone
proposed to call it "Naismith Game", but he suggested "We
have a ball and a basket: why don't we call it basketball?" The
eighteen players were John G. Thompson, Eugene S. Libby,
4. Outlet Pass Edwin P. Ruggles, William R. Chase, T. Duncan Patton, Frank
• occurs after a team gets a defensive rebound next Mahan, Finlay G. MacDonald, William H. Davis and Lyman
pass after rebounding Archibald, who defeated George Weller, Wilbert Carey, Ernest
Hildner, Raymond Kaighn, Genzabaro Ishikawa, Benjamin S.
French, Franklin Barnes, George Day and Henry Gelan 1- 0. The
goal was scored by Chase. There were other differences
between Naismith's first idea and the game played today. The
peach baskets were closed, and balls had to be retrieved
manually, until a small hole was put in the bottom of the peach
basket to poke the ball out using a stick. Only in 1906 were
metal hoops, nets and backboards introduced. Moreover,
earlier the soccer ball was replaced by a Spalding ball, similar
to the one used today.
PROFESSIONAL LEAGUES, TEAMS, AND ORGANIZATIONS
The first professional league was founded in 1898. Six
teams took part in the National Basketball League, and the first
champions were the Trenton Nationals, followed by the New
York Wanderers, the Bristol Pile Drivers and the Camden
Electrics. The league was abandoned in 1904. Then, many
small championships were organized, but most of them were
not as important as some teams who played for money against
challengers. The Original Celtics, for instance, are considered
the "fathers of basketball" and were presented as "World's
Basketball Champions"; the players had to sign a contract to
play with them, and Jim Furey organized matches as a circus,
moving daily from town to town. The Celtics became the
strongest team, and their successes lasted from 1922 until
1928, when the team disbanded due to ownership problems.
The Original Celtics are sometimes Incorrectly thought of as
forebears of the current Boston Celtics of the NBA; In reality,
they share only a name, as today's Celtics were not founded
until 1946, nearly two decades after the demise of the Original
Celtics. In 1922, the first all-African American professional
team was founded: the Rens (also known as New York
Renaissance or Harlem Renaissance). The Rens were the
Original Celtics' usual opponent, and for their matches a ticket
cost $1. They took part in some official championships and won
the first World Professional Basketball tournament 1939. The
team disbanded in 1949.
In the 1920s and 1930s, Eastern Basketball League (founded
in 1909), Metropolitan Basketball (founded in 1921) and
American Basketball League (founded in 1925) were the most
important leagues.
FIRST INTERNATIONAL GAMES
After its arrival in Europe, basketball developed very
quickly. In 1909 the first international match was held In Saint
Petersburg: Mayak Saint Petersburg beat a YMCA American
team. The first great European event was held in 1919 in
Joinville-le-Pont, near Paris, during the Inter-Allied Games.
United States, led by future Hall of Fame player Max Friedman,
won against Italy and France, and then Italy beat France.
Basketball soon became popular among French and Italians.
The Italian team had a white shirt with the House of Savoy
shield and the players were: Arrigo and Marco Maggiani.
Baccorini, Giuseppe Sesse, Palestra, Pecollo and Bagnoli.
NBA
The Basketball league was founded in New York City
on June 6, 1946 as the Basketball Association_of America
(BAA). The league adopted the name National Basketball
Association (NBA) in 1949 after merging with the rival
National Basketball League (NBL). As of the early 21st century,
the NBA is the most significant professional basketball league
in the world in terms of popularity, salaries, talent, and level of
competition
AMERICAN BASKETBALL ASSOCIATION
The American Basketball Association (ABA) was
founded as an alternative to the NBA in 1967 at a time when
the NBA was experiencing a lot of popularity. The ABA offered
an alternative ethos and game style as well as some changes in
the rules. Julius Erving was the leading player in the league, and
helped launch a modern style of play that emphasizes leaping
and play above the rim. His playing strength helped legitimize
the American Basketball Association. The league emphasized
excitement and liveliness, be it in the color of the ball (red,
white and blue), the manner of play, wild promotions, or the
three point shot. National recognition and earnings were low,
leading the league to look for a way out of its problems.
Merger with the more established and very successful NBA
was seen as a solution. The ABA was folded into the NBA in the
summer of 1976, its four most successful franchises (the New
York Nets, Denver Nuggets, Indiana Pacers, and San Antonio
Spurs) being incorporated into the older league. The
aggressive, loose style of play and the three-point shot were
taken up by the NBA.
FORMATION OF FIBA
World basketball was growing, but it was on June 18,
1932 that a real international organization was formed, to
coordinate tournaments and teams: that day, Argentina,
Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Portugal, Romania and
Switzerland founded the International Basketball Federation
(Fédération internationale de basketball amateur, FIBA) in
Geneva. Its work was fundamental for the first inclusion of
basketball in the Berlin Olympic Games In 1936. The first
Olympic title was won by the U.S. national team: Sam Balter,
Balph Bishop, Joe Fortenberry, Tex Gibbons, Francis Johnson,
Carl Knowles, Frank Lubin, Art Molliner, Donald Piper, Jack
Rangiand, Willard, Schmidt, Carl Shy, Duane Swanson, Bill
Wheatley and the trainer James Needles. Canada was runner-
up; the games were played on an outdoor clay court. The first
World Championship was held in Argentina in 1950.
TERMS TO KNOW
• Assist: A pass thrown to a player who immediately scores.
• Bank shot: A shot that hits the backboard before hitting
the rim or going through the net.
• Block out: To make contact with an opposing player to
establish rebounding position between the player and the
ball. Also called "box out.
• Traveling: A violation that occurs when the player with the
ball takes two many steps without dribbling. This is a
common occurrence with young players.
• Foul: A violation of the rules.
• Free throw: An uncontested shot taken from the free
throw line as a result of a foul. Also called a foul shot. A
made free throw is worth 1 point.
• Double dribble: A violation in which a player picks up their
dribble and starts to dribble again.
DIMENSIONS OF THE COURT.
• Jr. High: 74' long by 42' wide; 3pt line: 19 feet 9 inches
• High School: 84' long by 50' wide; 3pt line: 19 feet 9 inches
• NCAA(Men): 94' long by 50' wide; 3pt line 20 feet 9 inches
• NBA: 94' long by 50' wide; 3pt line 23 feet 9 inches