TOPIC: RESPIRATION AND GAS EXCHANGE

A. Respiration
1. Write the process into blank (1) and blank (2)

2. Two types of respiration

Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration
Position
Condition
Equation
Rate reaction
Energy released

After vigorous exercise, why people continue to breathe deeply and quickly for a short
period?
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* QUIZZ
1. In which cell component does respiration occur?
Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria
2. What are the reactants in aerobic respiration?
Glucose Glucose and oxygen Carbon dioxide and water Glucose and air
3. What is produced in anaerobic respiration in humans?
Carbon dioxide and water Glucose actic acid Alcohol
4. What is true of anaerobic respiration compared with aerobic?
It is always damaging to your body
It doesn’t occur in mitochondria
It releases more energy more slowly
It releases less energy faster
5. What is missing for anaerobic respiration to occur?
Glucose Air Oxygen Yeast
6. Which type of respiration releases more energy, more slowly?
Anaerobic Aerobic
7. True or false? Respiration is the same as breathing.
8. What can the build-up of lactic acid lead to in muscles?
EPOC Cramp Oxygen debt
9. True or false? Aerobic means in the presence of air.

B. The process of breathing

1. Features of Gas Exchange Surfaces
Alveoli have the following key features to maximize gas exchange:
1. Large a. to ensure diffusion
surface area distances remain short
2. Thin b. to maintain a high
walls concentration gradient
so diffusion occurs
faster
3. Good c. to allow faster
ventilation diffusion of gases
with air across the surface
4. Good
blood
supply

2. Gas exchange system structure

3. Inhalation and exhalation
4. Exercise, asthma and smoking
* QUIZZ
1. What are the rings around your trachea made from?
Muscle Nerve cells Cartilage Protein
2. What does the trachea directly split into?
Alveoli Capillaries Bronchi Bronchioles
3. What moves into the blood in the lungs?
Nitrogen Oxygen Water Carbon dioxide
4. What are the muscles between the ribs called?
Cardiac Smooth Skeletal Intercostal
5. What process in cells requires oxygen to release energy?
Photosynthesis Respiration Protein synthesis Digestion
6. What is the scientific name for breathing in?
Exhalation Inspiration Inhalation Defecation
7. True or false? The intercostal muscles alone contract and relax to help breathing.
8. Which of these happens during breathing out?
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract
Diaphragm relaxes, intercostal muscles contract
Diaphragm contracts, intercostal muscles relax
9. True or false? The area of an adult's lung is about the size of a tennis court.
10. Which of these is not a feature of the alveoli?
Moist, thin walls to maximise diffusion
A huge combined surface area
Millions of tiny blood vessels called capillaries
A biconcave shape to carry more oxygen
C. Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration
1. Respiration occurs in which cellular component?
Mitochondria Cell wall Nucleus cytoplasm
2. Where is the energy released in respiration originally stored?
Carbon dioxide Glucose Oxygen
3. What is produced in anaerobic respiration in humans?
Lactic acid Alcohol Glucose Carbon dioxide and water
4. What needs to be missing for anaerobic respiration to occur?
Yeast Oxygen Glucose Air
5. True or false: Anaerobic means 'in the absence of air?'
6. In humans, what is true of anaerobic respiration compared with aerobic?
It is always damaging to your body
It doesn’t occur in mitochondria
It releases less energy, faster
It releases more energy, more slowly
7. What is lactic acid broken down into?
Glucose Alcohol Glucose and oxygen Carbon dioxide and water
8. True or false? Aerobic respiration in fungi and bacteria is called fermentation
9. What other element forms lipids besides carbon and hydrogen?
Pentanol Butanol Propanol Ethanol
10. What forms the bubbles in bread and beer?
Lactic acid Glucose Carbon dioxide Oxygen