12minprep’s Numerical Reasoning Cheat Sheet

Fraction 1/2 1/3 2/3 1/4 1/5 1/6 1/7 1/8 1/9 1/10

Decimal 0.5 0.333 0.666 0.25 0.2 0.166 0.142 0.125 0.111 0.1

Percent 50% 33.33% 66.66% 25% 20% 16.66% 14.2% 12.5% 11.1% 10%

Fractions
𝐴 𝐶
• Compare two fractions by cross-multiplying: 𝐵
𝑣𝑠 𝐷
is 𝐴 ∗ 𝐷 𝑣𝑠 𝐵 ∗ 𝐶
• Divide by fraction = multiply by inverse (1/(1/3) = 1x3)

Percentages (Percent = value/100)

• Find 1%: move decimal point left twice (1% of 350 is 3.5)

• Find 10%: move decimal point left once (10% of 180 is 18)

Example: 11% of 840: 10% is 84. 1% is 8.4. 84+8.4=92.4

• Reverse % for price reduction:

new price
Original price = (shoes cost $120 after 20% off, the original price is 120/0.8=$150)
what’s left

• Reverse % for price increase:

new price
Original price = what was added ( shoes cost $120 after 20% up, original price is 120/1.2=$100)

• Quick tricks: 20% of 30 is 2x3; 25% of 40 is 2.5x4; 35% of 20 = 20% of 35; and so on…

Conversions

Decimal to percent: multiply by 100 (0.12 = 12%); Percent to decimal: divide by 100 (3.7% = 0.037)

Number series

• Descending: 223 ,199, 175, …. (-24)

• Two series, in odd and even places: 1, 5, 3, 10, 5, 20,
• Incremental increase 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, (+2, +3, +4, …)
• Pairs of operations 6, 12, 7, 14, 9, 18, (*2, -5)
• Changing operations 8, 10, 8, 4, 8, (+2,-2,/2,*2)

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 • Two first terms add/multiply up to give the third 12, 3, 15, 4, 19, (12+3=15, 15+4=19)
• Powers of two/three/four 9, 16, 25, 36, (3², 4², 5², …)

Word problems

• Work rate = (job to be done)/(time unit): 1 house/12 hours = 1/12

• Average = (Sum of values)/(# of values)
• Distance = Speed *Time
• Ratios. 3:2 is like 3/2. Order matters! count total ratio units to find the value of one unit.
Example: 3:2 is ratio of boys to girls in class, there are 24 boys. How many girls? 24 boys = 3
ratio units. 1 ratio unit 24/3= 8. Therefore, girls are 8*2=16.
• Profit = Revenue - Cost

Multiplication/division shortcuts

• Multiplying two-digit numbers: break down one number into components as follows:
24*12 = 24* (10+2) = 240+48 = 288
• Rounding/Estimating: round a number to the closest 0 and/or 5:
35x48 ~ 35x50; 27x42 ~ 25x40; 1460/30~1500/30
• Ignoring 0s when multiplying/dividing:
35x40=35x4 and add the 0 when done.
840/7=84/7 and add the 0 when done.

Time-consuming questions are (usually) not worth your time

Is it too lengthy? Are there too many details and operations involved?
SKIP IT!
(best to try this out and see if it works for you)

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