MSE STATISTICS 1ST SEM 2023 - 2024

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SCHEFFE’S TEST
The Scheffe Test or Scheffe’s method is a post-hoc test used in ANOVA. It is named after the
American statistician Henry Scheffe. When the result of Analysis of Variance is significant,
that is rejecting the null hypothesis, another test will be conducted to find out which pairs
show the significant difference. The Scheffe test corrects alpha for simple and complex mean
comparisons. Complex mean comparisons involve comparing more than one pair of means
simultaneously.
The F-test tells us that there is a significant difference in the average sales of the 4 brands of
shampoo but as to where the difference lies, it has to be tested further by another test, the
scheffe’s test
The formula is

2
' ( x1 −x2 )
F= 2
S W (n1 +n 2)
n1 n 2

Where:
F’ = Scheffe’s test
X1 = mean of group 1
X2 = mean of group 2
n1 = number of samples in group 1
n2 = number of samples in group 2
SW2 = within mean squares
From the previous Example:
A sari-sari store is selling 4 brands of shampoo. The owner is interested if there is a
significant difference in the average sales of the four brands of shampoo for one week. The
following data are recorded.
Brand
XA = 5.28
A B C D
7 9 2 4 XB = 8.14
3 8 3 5
5 8 4 7 XC = 3.71
6 7 5 8 XD = 5.14
9 6 6 3
4 9 4 4
3 10 2 5
MSE STATISTICS 1ST SEM 2023 - 2024

ANOVA
Source of
Variation SS df MS F F crit
Between Groups 72.28 3 24.09 7.98 3.01
Within Groups 72.58 24 3.02

Total 144.86 27

A vs B

( 5.28−8.14 )2
F '= =9.51
3.02(7+7)
7 (7)
A vs C

( 5.28−3.71 )2
F '= =2.87
3.02(7 +7)
7(7)
A vs D

( 5.28−5.14 )2
'
F= =.02
3.02(7+7)
7(7)
B vs C

' ( 8.14−3.71 )2
F= =22.82
3.02(7+7)
7(7)
B vs D

' ( 8.14−5.14 )2
F= =10.46
3.02(7+7)
7 (7)
C vs D

( 3.71−5.14 )2
F '= =2.38
3.02(7+7)
7(7)
MSE STATISTICS 1ST SEM 2023 - 2024

Comparison of the average Sales of the Four Brands of Sahampoo

Between Brand F’ (computed value) (F.05)(k-1)= 3.01(3) Interpretation
A vs B 9.51 9.03 Significant
A vs C 2.87 9.03 Not significant
A vs D .02 9.03 Not significant
B vs C 22.82 9.03 Significant
B vs D 10.46 9.03 Significant
C vs D 2.38 9.03 Not significant
Decision Rule: If the F’ is greater than (F. 05)(k-1), the interpretation is significant which is
rejecting the null hypothesis that the two means are not equal.

The above table shows that there is a significant difference between brand A and B, Brand B
and C and also Brand B and D. However, brands A and C, A and D and C and D have no
significant differences in their average sales.
This implies that brand B is more saleable than brands A, C and D.

Exercise:

From the output of Analysis of Variance, perform the Scheffe’s test to find out where the
significant difference lies between the four methods.
MSE STATISTICS 1ST SEM 2023 - 2024

Name: ___________________________________ Year and Course: ____________

Activity 1
SCHEFFE’S TEST

 After 30 days, doctors measure the cholesterol level of each subject. The results for all 15
subjects appear in the table below:

Dosage
Group 1, Group 2, Group 3,
0 mg 50 mg 100 mg
210 210 180
240 240 210
270 240 210
270 270 210
300 270 240

Perform the analysis of Variance and if there find out a significant difference, perform the scheffe’s
test.