CGJ 2020 0168 R1 Suppla

Table S1 Basic information for ROCKMass/9/5876
No. Em Ei ci
Reference Site/project Rock class RQD RMR Q GSI
cases (GPa) (GPa) (MPa)
El-Naqa (1996) Wadi Mujib, Jordan Sedimentary 16 37~80 48~63 2.8~18.3 - - - -
Sjøgren et al. (1979) Bekkelaget, Norway Igneous 8 60~97 - - - - - -
Kannagawa, Japan Unknown 4 93~100 - - 54~74 11.7~45.3 - 48~162
Cai et al. (2004)
Kazunogawa, Japan Unknown 2 - - - 46~60 7.9~12.9 - 108
Bushkoppies tunnel, South Africa Igneous 24 - 38~87 0.02~200 - - - -
Metamorphic 4 - 40~74 0.32~4.75 - - - -
Delvers street tunnel, South Africa
Cameron-Clarke et al. (1981) Sedimentary 6 - 28~51 0.012~2.05 - - - -
Igneous 10 - 35~81 0.09~89.7 - - - -
Du Toitskloof pilot tunnel, South Africa
Sedimentary 12 - 30~70 0.22~2.04 - - - -
Tuǧrul (1998) Atatürk dam, Turkey Sedimentary 21 - 13~42 0.05~1.9 - - 5.6 28.5
Metamorphic 26 - 34~63 - 17~33 - - -
Kumar et al. (2017) Himachal Pradesh, India
Unknown 3 - 48~56 - 23~24 - - -
Hashemi et al. (2009) Borujen, Iran Sedimentary 23 - 14~58 0.005~2.5 22~60 - 8~32 15~85
Nicholson et al. (1990) Unknown Unknown 23 - 24~82 - - 2.13~59.79 - -
Drakensberge, South Africa Unknown 5 82~90 55~67 - - 17.6~27.8 20.23~27.8 -
Diepsloot, South Africa Unknown 1 - 38 - - - - -
Dworshak dam, USA Unknown 22 60~93 - - - - - -
Elandsberg, South Africa Unknown 3 67~80 57~74 - - 33.7~39.6 69.5~102.1 -
Bieniawski (1978)
Unknown 43 56~99 44~83 - - - - -
Orange–Fish tunnel, South Africa
Sedimentary 53 - - - - 2.4~29.3 10.3~38 -
Unknown Unknown 34 48~99 52~85 - - 4.04~67.57 - -
Witbank coalfield, South Africa Unknown 3 - 53~79 - - 4.37 6.43 -
Sousa et al. (1999) Miranda hydroelectric, Portugal Igneous 4 - 46~74 - - 6~23 - -
Özsan and Akın (2002) Uruş dam, Turkey Igneous 3 10~41 21~38 0.11~0.63 31~43 1.64~7.74 - 24~142
El-Naqa and Al Kuisi (2002) Tannur dam, South Jordan Sedimentary 11 44~57 52~60 2.43~5.92 48~57 - - -
Ajalloeian and Mohammadi (2013) Khersan II dam, Iran Sedimentary 28 - 41~70 1~49.9 37~64 3.4~40.5 - -
Igneous 14 60~100 - - - 1.05~5.57 - -
Ebisu et al. (1992) Unknown
Sedimentary 25 0~45 - - - 0.074~5.29 - -
Radhakrishnan and Leung (1989) Singapore Sedimentary 16 15~54 - - - - - 0.65~29.5
Asadizadeh and Hossaini (2016) Bakhtiari Dam, Iran Sedimentary 10 42~100 - - - 2.02~30.6 - 19~125
Al-Qadhi and Janardhana (2016b) Taiz, Yemen Igneous 17 50~100 52~80 - 34~72 - - 4.02~119.4
Chhibro-Khodri, India Unknown 4 - 13~14 0.022~0.05 - - - -
Giri-bata, India Unknown 2 - 20~35 0.12~0.51 - - - -
Khara hydro project, India Unknown 2 - 30~35 0.4 - - - -
Lakhwar, India Unknown 2 - 61 8.5 - - - -
Loktak, India Unknown 1 - 15 0.023 - - - -
Goel et al. (1995)
Maneri Stage I, India Unknown 4 - 35~55 0.4~4.5 - - - -
Maneri Stage II, India Unknown 5 - 24~50 0.18~2.71 - - - -
Salal, India Unknown 1 - 41 1.1 - - - -
Tehri, India Unknown 2 - 42~59 0.8~6 - - - -
Upper Krishna, India Unknown 2 - 65~68 15 - - - -
Chun et al. (2009) South Korea Unknown 61 15~100 21~92 - - 3.92~45.62 - 12.1~254.8
Yamatomi et al. (1999) Kamioka mine, Japan Metamorphic 1 84 89 - - - 49.9 149
Sapigni et al. (2002) Maen tunnel, Italy Metamorphic 330 - 13~96 0.042~533 - - - -
1
Metamorphic 15 - 31~59 0.125~7.31 - - 1~88 3~104
Koçkar and Akgün (2003) Ilıksu tunnel, Turkey
Sedimentary 12 - 31~59 0.125~7.31 - - 23~61 28~117
Amasya, Turkey Sedimentary 2 55~65 50~59 6.84~16.31 52~64 - 7.15~8.65 28.5~32.5
Bartın, Turkey Sedimentary 2 33~73 29~60 0.04~4.95 32~65 - 3.32~9.36 119~145
Igneous 1 53 50 3.04 55 - 12.14 64.1
Aksoy et al. (2012) Izmir, Turkey
Sedimentary 2 8~40 17~40 0.01~1.43 22~45 - 0.9~7.85 26.3~42.1
Ordu, Turkey Igneous 3 55~80 68~74 7.38~11.39 73~79 - 18.3~19.5 195~246
Tokat, Turkey Sedimentary 5 25~35 23~30 0.21~0.41 28~35 - 3.15~6.45 32.1~99.45
Azali et al. (2010) Daroongar dam, Iran Sedimentary 3 - 39~49 1~6.6 - - - -
Igneous 112 - 13~94 - - 0.07~104 - 5~249.5
Metamorphic 23 - 21~77 - - 0.14~26.5 - 8~261
China
Hoek and Diederichs (2006) Sedimentary 279 - 14~90 - - 0.01~57.2 - 1~242.7
Unknown 96 - 11~93 - - 0.03~54.8 - 1~173.1
Taiwan Unknown 68 - 17~92 - - 0.05~15.2 - 10~143.8
Bakhtiary dam, Iran Unknown 8 3~25 50~54 - - - - 30~220
Keffeler (2014) Nevada, USA Sedimentary 14 0 18~54 0.0078~3.3 10~50 0.0011~1.03 - -
Portugués dam, USA Unknown 8 18~84 40~66 - - 1~28 - 29.9~211
Besko, Poland Sedimentary 3 38~88 26~70 - - 2.57~11.6 - 75~250
Dobczyce, Poland Sedimentary 2 38~88 50~58 - - 3.7~4.8 - 80~150
Bestynski and Thiel (1999) Klimkowka, Poland Sedimentary 3 30~88 35~58 - - 1.1~5.9 - 75~150
Porabka-Zar, Poland Sedimentary 6 13~38 26~35 - - 0.91~3.65 - 37.5~75
Swinna poreba, Poland Sedimentary 6 13~38 14~37 - - 0.24~1.4 - 15~75
Igneous 46 - 8~83 0.001~50 - - - -
Metamorphic 24 - 21~94 0.027~200 - - - -
Bieniawski (1989) Unknown
Sedimentary 30 - 10~86 0.01~103 - - - -
Unknown 2 - 55~76 0.2~22.6 - - - -
Igneous 5 92~99 59~72 3.29~19.3 - - - 3.51~20.17
Metamorphic 1 96 59 4.9 - - - 11.23
Abdullatif and Cruden (1983) Unknown site
Sedimentary 14 5~99 6~85 0.014~9.96 - - - 0.15~9.51
Unknown 3 0~57 6~19 0.025~0.06 - - - 0.25~0.3
Millau Viaduct, Hettangien centre, France Sedimentary 1 - 55 - - 5 25 50
Millau Viaduct, Hettangien versant nord, France Sedimentary 1 - 50 - - 5 25 50
Rat and Givet (1999) Millau Viaduct, Sinemuricn centre, France Sedimentary 1 - 70 - - 8 25 60
Millau Viaduct, Sinemurien versant nond, France Sedimentary 1 - 65 - - - 25 60
Millau Viaduct, Toarcien, Domerien, France Sedimentary 2 - 46~60 - - - - 7~15
Igneous 78 0~100 15~94 - - 0.067~39.89 - 0.44~241.8
Chun et al. (2006) Chungcheong-do, Korea
Metamorphic 68 3~100 25~91 - - 0.0672~46.26 - 19.2~197.3
Coon (1968) Agri river, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - 196.36
Alpe Gera, Italy Metamorphic 3 - - - - - - -
Alvito Susaidenga, Portugal Metamorphic 4 - - - - 1.45~7.31 - -
Ambiesta, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Ananalgawa, Japan Unknown 1 - - - - 3.72 30.34 -
Beauregard, Italy Metamorphic 3 - - - - - - -
Bemposta and Miranda, Portugal Sedimentary 11 - - - - 3.24~29.37 - -
Bydroplants, Yugoslavia Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Cambambe, Portugal Sedimentary 14 - - - - - 5.86 -
Caprile, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Czech Metamorphic 4 - - - - 2.48~7.17 - -
2
Unknown 1 - - - - 15.17 - -
D' Avemue, France Metamorphic 6 - - - - 0.965~7.03 - -
Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia Sedimentary 1 - - - - 4.3 - -
Dworshak, USA Metamorphic 42 35~92 - - - 2.76~50.33 31.7~60.7 -
Fedaia, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Forto Buso, Italy Igneous 1 - - - - - - -
Funil, Brasil Metamorphic 4 - - - - 7.31~30.34 34.3~66.5 -
Glen Canyon, USA Sedimentary 4 70~78 - - - 6.41~8.96 6.41~8.96 -
Greoux, France Sedimentary 4 - - - - 5.58~26.13 - -
Groeio, Italy Metamorphic 1 - - - - 22.62 - -
Hydroplants, Yugoslavia Sedimentary 21 - - - - - - -
IM Fant, Morocco Unknown 2 - - - - 0.965~1.24 - -
Igneous 12 - - - - - - -
Japan
Sedimentary 9 - - - - - - -
Kariba dam, Rhodesia Metamorphic 4 - - - - 0.827~6.07 4.76~7.24 -
Kaunertal, Austria Metamorphic 6 - - - - 1.03~35.16 - -
Igneous 2 - - - - 23.1~25.44 - -
Koshibu, Japan Metamorphic 1 - - - - 28.96 - -
Unknown 1 - - - - 23.1 - -
Kurobegawa, Japan Metamorphic 7 - - - - 1.1~2.96 4.07~7.38 -
La Bathie, France Metamorphic 1 - - - - 34.75 40.68 -
Metamorphic 1 - - - - 1.72 - -
Latiyan, Iran
Sedimentary 7 - - - - 0.759~5.86 - -
Mae, Italy Sedimentary 2 - - - - - - -
Mine near Antioch, USA Sedimentary 1 - - - - - 5.38 -
Morrow, USA Metamorphic 6 - - - - 5.93~11.72 37.2~47.6 -
Mossyrock, USA Igneous 7 - - - - 5.58~17.93 13.8~38.6 -
Nevada test site, USA Igneous 1 - - - - 2.62 24.82 -
Pietra Del Pertusillo, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Prague, Czech Sedimentary 2 - - - - 1.45~1.93 - -
Saint-Jean-du-Gard, France Metamorphic 4 - - - - 0.965~4.9 - -
Spèccheri, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Sufes, Switzerland Metamorphic 1 - - - - 9.79 26.82 -
Tana a Termini, Italy Sedimentary 5 - - - - 6~41.58 - -
Igneous 1 - - - - 0.827 - -
Tehachapi, USA
Metamorphic 11 29~82 - - - 0.690~8.96 - -
Thakra, India Sedimentary 6 - - - - 7.45~29.3 - -
Tsuruga, Japan Igneous 3 - - - - - - -
Two Forks, USA Metamorphic 4 52~89 - - - 8.69~15.93 46.2~62.74 -
Metamorphic 1 - - - - - - -
USSR
Sedimentary 2 - - - - - - -
Unknown Sedimentary 4 - - - - 0.965~7.52 - -
Vajont, Italy Sedimentary 2 - - - - - - -
Val Gallina, Italy Sedimentary 2 - - - - - - -
Val Vestino, Italy Sedimentary 4 - - - - - - -
Igneous 1 - - - - 1.45 - -
Valdecañas, Portugal
Unknown 14 - - - - 1.45~10 - -
Vouglaas, France Sedimentary 3 - - - - 6.34~33.37 - -
3
Vouglans, France Sedimentary 3 - - - - 3.17~18.06 - -
Yellowtail Montana, USA Sedimentary 3 71~83 - - - 11.03~33.1 50.33~65.5 -
Tyrrell (1976) Tunnel between England and France Sedimentary 1 - - - - 2.42 4.35 6.5
Bellavista-Gallardo, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 2 74~100 - 3.7~10 - - - -
Cascajo, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 1 94 - 4.7 - - - -
Jordá-Bordehore et al. (2016) Mirador, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 9 41~100 - 1.37~9.4 - - - -
Sucre (Isabela), Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 6 85 - 4.25~12.17 - - - -
University, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 1 74 - 2.5 - - - -
Sari and Pasamehmetoglu (2004) Kaletepe tunnel, Turkey Sedimentary 7 10~74 37~66 0.016~12.29 - - 67~87.2 63~90
Keyter et al. (2008) Ingula pumped storage scheme, South Africa Sedimentary 5 80~100 71~82 4.5~31.3 60~85 - 12.7~89 54.1~283.9
Central tunnel, Taiwan Metamorphic 7 - 13~44 0.042~0.818 - - - -
Chiew Larn hydropower tunnel, Thailand Sedimentary 6 60~100 43~77 0.58~17.5 - - - -
Ranasooriya (2009) Huai Saphan Hin power tunnel, Thailand Metamorphic 10 32~99 27~87 0.04~6.6 - - - -
Namroud water resources diversion tunnel, Iran Sedimentary 11 - 17~40 - - - - -
Ramboda pass highway tunnel, Sri Lanka Metamorphic 19 - 30~73 - - - - -
Metamorphic 10 30~85 39~56 - - 1.76~5.01 - 3~131
Khabbazi et al. (2013) Iran
Unknown 74 - 39~85 - - 0.985~26.01 - -
Igneous 19 0~100 9~67 - - - 2.26~39.64 10~260
Birid (2014) West coast of Mumbai, India
Sedimentary 3 0~50 31~41 - - - 1.48~1.56 10~30
Mahmoud (2013) Al-Jouf University, Saudi Arabia Sedimentary 30 14~70 - - - - - 26~36.2
Kumar (2002) Himalaya, India Metamorphic 67 55~75 12~80 0.001~21.25 32~67 - - 9.5~125
Douglas et al. (1977) Dinorwic pumped storage scheme, Wales, UK Unknown 1 - - - - 50 105 100
Akgün and Koçkar (2004) Turkey Sedimentary 1 70 57 - 50 - - 25
Metamorphic 1 0 21 - - - - 5.2
Sonmez and Gokceoglu (1998) Turkey Sedimentary 1 93 43 - - - - 40.2
Unknown 1 68 53 - - - - 4.15
Igneous 4 - - - - 61.83~67.72 66~93.92 38.9~45.7
Labrie and Boyle (1998) Canada Metamorphic 1 - - - - 57.97 54.08 47
Sedimentary 2 - - - - 28.74~32.19 50.9~81.1 9.1
Sonmez and Ulusay (1999) Turkey Unknown 5 - - - 16~43 - - -
Bye and Bell (2001) South Africa Igneous 5 55~80 48~70 - - - 10.24 140~270
Hatzor et al. (2002) Israel Sedimentary 2 90 46~70 12 - - - 6~9
Gyeonggi, South Korea Metamorphic 5 0~52 22~45 - - 0.905~1.93 - 48
Seol et al. (2008) Houston, USA Sedimentary 3 82~95 - - 90~95 0.07~0.9 - 1~10
Incheon, South Korea Igneous 3 8~25 - - 35~45 1.48~2.13 - 30~54
Alexander (1960) Tumut 2, Australia Metamorphic 18 - - - - 4.98~12.02 4.59~12.81 -
Endersbee and Hofto (1963) Poatina, Australia Sedimentary 2 - - - - 16.55~22.06 29.7~42.1 110~131
Zolfaghari et al. (2015) Bakhtiary dam, Iran Sedimentary 21 47~78 - 0.92~5.02 - 2.9~5.5 - 88~108
Dalgıç (2003) Tuzla tunnel, Turkey Sedimentary 3 0~60 5~38 - 15~35 - - 1~65
Agan (2014) Turkey Sedimentary 9 - 23~59 - 8~47 10.7~64.06 - -
Blake et al. (1978) Kamoto mine, Kolwezi Metamorphic 5 - - - - 7.55~35.9 36.3~171.7 -
Dlouhe Strane, Czech Metamorphic 1 - - - - 29.9 234 -
Bukovansky (1970)
Slavic, Czech Sedimentary 1 - - - - 90 278 -
Timur and ADA (1970) Adiguzel dam, Turkey Metamorphic 5 - - - - 0.357~1.61 35.4~52.7 -
O'Donoghue and O'Flaherty (1974) Turlough Hill, Ireland Igneous 4 - - - - 19.62~46.6 19.62 82.01
Lack and Bowling (1975) Gordon power station, Australia Metamorphic 2 - - - - 29~58 43.5~67 47~103
Igneous 1 28 24 0.12 19 - 23.5 32.3
Basarir et al. (2005) Guledar dam, Turkey
Sedimentary 2 34~69 38 0.45~1.88 33~43 - 27.2~31.42 62.3~64.7
4
Bansra colliery, India Sedimentary 1 50 43 0.54 - - - 27.5
Hingir Rampur colliery, India Sedimentary 1 50 50 2.33 - - - 24.6
Kottadih colliery, India Sedimentary 1 61 57 8.25 - - - 30.1
Singh (2002) Kusunda colliery, India Sedimentary 1 50 37 0.17 - - - 14.2
Orient mine 2, India Sedimentary 1 55 51 2.51 - - - 23.9
West Mudidih colliery (Seam III), India Sedimentary 1 53 50 2.33 - - - 37.4
West Mudidih colliery (Seam IV), India Sedimentary 1 57 52 3.22 - - - 16.1
Lassnig et al. (2012) Unknown Metamorphic 3 - - - - 31.1~54.1 36.7~59.5 81.4~228.4
Singh (2011) Baspa hydroelectric project, India Metamorphic 24 73~88 - 1.71~7.62 - 3.61~13.92 - -
Majd and Beiki (2010) Iran Sedimentary 111 - - - 26~89 1.21~28.04 - -
Agharazi et al. (2012) Bakhtiary dam, Iran Sedimentary 5 20~90 - - 50~65 0.8~25.3 - -
Hassani et al. (2008) Siah Bishe dam, Iran Sedimentary 2 - - - 15~38 0.943~3.88 2.3~8 -
Angooran mine, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 48 - - 104
Igneous 18 - - - 35~76 - - 3~150
Australia Metamorphic 7 - - - 40~50 - - 12~30
Sedimentary 12 - - - 30~68 - - 5~37.5
Taheri and Tani (2009) Choghart mine, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 28 - - 109
Emarat mine, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 41 - - 46
Gole-Gohar mine, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 44 - - 65
Iran-Kuh mine, Iran Sedimentary 3 - - - 28~47 - - 50~153
Karoon III hydropower, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 25 - - 50
Dalgıç (2000) Beykoz tunnel, Turkey Sedimentary 4 - - - 10~40 - - 10.5~69.25
Sedimentary 2 50 46~58 - - 16.78~23.99 12~13 31~55
Dalgıç (2002) Istanbul metro, Turkey
Unknown 1 31 14 - - 5.68 - 9.2
Sedimentary 2 - - - - 4~9.5 - -
Hoek et al. (2008) Unknown
Unknown 1 - - - - 0.65 - -
Igneous 3 - 75~82 - - - - 200~300
Coleman, USA Metamorphic 2 - 82~85 - - - - 240~280
Unknown 1 - 65 - - - - 130
Morissette et al. (2014) Igneous 2 - 63~67 - - - - 140~150
Copper cliff, Canada
Metamorphic 4 - 63~67 - - - - 160~220
Igneous 2 - 65~67 - - - - 210~240
Creighton, USA
Unknown 1 - 63 - - - - 133
Igneous 6 - 25~72 - - - 3.8~86.3 -
Shnorhokian et al. (2014) Vale Garson mine, Sudbury, Canada Metamorphic 2 - 25~69 - - - 3.5~45.5 -
Unknown 4 - 25~78 - - - 2.6~43.8 -
Igneous 70 0~100 45~72 0.01~2.22 - - - 19.2~253
Özkan et al. (2015) The Divriği open-pit mine, Anatolia, Turkey
Metamorphic 47 0~100 51~80 0.02~636 - - - 24.9~156.7
Kavur et al. (2015) Karun 3, Iran Sedimentary 19 - 32~77 - - 1.2~54 21.5~35 15~60
Nejati et al. (2013) Gotvand dam, Iran Unknown 49 - 30~76 - - 0.704~9.96 - -
Mine Bell-Allard, Canada Igneous 3 85~96 79~81 - - 33.32~72.85 63.9~64.5 -
Mine Francoeur, Canada Igneous 4 63~67 53~59 - - 26.58~35.31 59.3~74.4 -
Mine Joe Mann, Canada Igneous 2 89~91 79 - - 60.93~65.1 68.2~81.4 -
Labrie et al. (2004) Mine Niobec, Canada Igneous 2 74~87 73~77 - - 26.72~30.51 52.5~64.8 -
Mine Pierre-Beauchemin, Canada Igneous 4 60~77 50~61 - - 12.62~30.6 65.64~88.6 -
Igneous 2 85 80~81 - - 59.88~71.65 62.1~65.7 -
Mine Sigma, Canada
Sedimentary 1 100 94 - - 60.75 61.13 -
Sharifzadeh et al. (2017) Siah Bisheh pumped storage project, Iran Sedimentary 2 - - - 48~53 7.5~15 14.5~24.6 50~85
5
Shrestha et al. (2005) Khimti tunnel, Nepal Metamorphic 26 10~50 - 0.0045~0.6 - - - -
Mehinrad et al. (2012) Bakhtiary dam, Iran Sedimentary 89 - - - 28~66 0.302~38.98 - -
Tesarik et al. (2002) Homestake mine, South Dakota, USA Metamorphic 3 60~85 - 0.9~60 - - - -
Wallace et al. (1968) Auburn dam, USA Metamorphic 1 - - - - 14.2 45.7 -
Igneous 8 - - - - 0.0043~0.073 - -
Isik et al. (2008) Ankara, Turkey
Sedimentary 33 10~100 27~61 - 8~53 0.0167~0.270 - -
Baskoyak barite pit, Anatolia, Turkey Metamorphic 1 - - - 175 - - 5.2
Sönmez and Ulusay (2002) Eskihisar open pit, Turkey Sedimentary 1 - - - 27 - - 4.15
Göynük lignite open pit, Turkey Sedimentary 1 - - - 29 - - 4.8
Igneous 3 45~56 31~45 - 37~52 - - 3~13
Douglas (2002) Unknown Metamorphic 2 25~65 35~43 - 44~45 - - 12~30
Sedimentary 6 40~98 32~76 - 39~76 - - 5~150
Aghababaei et al. (2015) Parvadeh-I coal mine, Iran Sedimentary 6 1~51 - - - - - 20.8~73.4
Jordá-Bordehore (2017) Ayerdi Big Room Sedimentary 1 75 - 4 - - - -
Ayerdi passages Sedimentary 1 75 - 4 - - - -
Bellavista-Gallardo, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 2 74~100 - 3.7~10 - - - -
Campanet Sala Romantica room, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 25 - - - -
Cap Menorca, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 400 - - - -
Carlsbad, USA Sedimentary 2 100 - 75 - - - -
Carlsbad bigroom, USA Sedimentary 1 100 - 333 - - - -
Cascajo, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 1 94 - 4.7 - - - -
Castañer - entrance room, Spain Sedimentary 1 66 - 5.5 - - - -
Castañer - Nevada room, Spain Sedimentary 2 66 - 5.5 - - - -
Chato II, Galapagos, Ecuador Igneous 10 10~86 - 0.3~15 - - - -
Chifletera Timanfaya, Canary Islands, Spain Igneous 3 92 - 12.3 - - - -
Cueva de Los Verdes, Canary Islands, Spain Igneous 16 76~100 - 5~150 - - - -
Cuevamur Gran Sala - big room, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 264 - - - -
Cuevamur entrance, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 200 - - - -
Cuevamur, Sala Cascada - waterfall room, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 264 - - - -
Don Juan cave, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 25 - - - -
Gebihe/Miao room, China Sedimentary 1 100 - 1000 - - - -
Jameo 7 lagos, Canary Islands, Spain Igneous 2 80 - 5.3~10.7 - - - -
Jameo de la Puerta Falsa, Canary Islands, Spain Igneous 11 85~90 - 2.8~12 - - - -
Jameos del agua, Canary Islands, Spain Igneous 7 72~75 - 1.5~9.6 - - - -
El Carlista, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 400 - - - -
Los Chorros cave entrance, Spain Sedimentary 1 80 - 27 - - - -
Lubang Nasib Bagus/Sarawak chamber, Malaysia Sedimentary 1 100 - 800 - - - -
Majlis Al Jinn, Oman Sedimentary 1 100 - 27 - - - -
Drach cave, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 33 - - - -
Mirador, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 9 41~100 - 1.37~9.4 - - - -
Mulu Deer cave, Malaysia Sedimentary 1 100 - 100 - - - -
Pas Vallgornera, Spain Sedimentary 1 90 - 9 - - - -
Pasage-Hang Son Doong, Vietnam Sedimentary 1 100 - 400 - - - -
Piedra de San Martin, France Sedimentary 1 100 - 330 - - - -
Playa del Paso Timanfaya, Canary Islands, Spain Igneous 3 75~90 - 3.75~12 - - - -
Pozalagua, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 37.5 - - - -
Primicias, Galapagos, Ecuador Igneous 13 35~100 - 0.22~100 - - - -
Puentedey, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 33 - - - -
6
Skocjan—Martel, Eslovenia Sedimentary 1 100 - 100 - - - -
Sucre (Isabela), Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 6 85 - 4.25~12.17 - - - -
University, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Igneous 1 74 - 2.5 - - - -
Valporquero, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 25 - - - -
Valporquero, Spain Sedimentary 1 100 - 25 - - - -
Hassanpour et al. (2009) Karaj water conveyance tunnel, Iran Sedimentary 41 - 26~74 0.16~53.45 15~86 - - -
Maleki (2011) Havasan dam, Iran Sedimentary 2 51~56 25~46 0.65~1.34 42~45 - 9~9.5 52.1~62.5
Tumac et al. (2006) Küçüksu tunnel, Turkey Sedimentary 15 75~90 - - - - - 55.7~163.8
Pandit et al. (2018) Ganajur main prospect, India Sedimentary 1 50 54 - 50 - 9.14 56.5
Borsetto et al. (1983) Timpagrande powerhouse, Italy Igneous 210 0~100 - - - 0.293~16.25 - -
Frough et al. (2014) Karaj-Tehran water conveyance tunnel, Iran Sedimentary 10 - 21~75 - - - - 15~150
Justo et al. (2009) Tenerife island, Spain Igneous 3 42.5~77 38~59 3.4~6.6 39~52 0.42~1.67 60.9 24~83
Karmsund tunnel, Norway Metamorphic 1 90 - 23 - - 68 187.5
Holter (2013)
Ulvin high-speed rail tunnel, Norway Metamorphic 1 75 - 8 - - 46 216.5
Tumac et al. (2006) Zagros long water conveyance tunnel, Iran Sedimentary 15 12.5~79 - 0.2~0.4 - - - 5~75
Angooran mine, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 48 - - 104
Igneous 11 - - - 35~56 - - 3~13
Australia Metamorphic 7 - - - 40~50 - - 12~30
Sedimentary 19 - - - 30~76 - - 5~150
Choghart mine, Iran Metamorphic 1 - - - 39 - - 109
Taheri and Tani (2009)
Emarat mine, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 41 - - 29
Gole-Gohar mine, Iran Metamorphic 1 - - - 44 - - 65
IranKuh mine, Iran Sedimentary 2 - - - 28~47 - - 50~153
Jajarm mine, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 58 - - 172
Karoon III hydropower project, Iran Sedimentary 1 - - - 25 - - 50
Fan et al. (2017) Baihetan super-high arch dam, China Igneous 6 - - - - 8~11 - 63~82
Kaligandaki headrace tunnel, Nepal Metamorphic 14 - - 0.02~2 - - - -
Panthi and Shrestha (2018) Khimti headrace tunnel, Nepal Metamorphic 4 - - 0.002~0.02 - - - -
Middle Marsyangdi headrace tunnel, Nepal Metamorphic 6 - - 0.03~0.46 - - - -
Özsan et al. (2007) Sulakyurt dam, Turkey Igneous 2 2~11 21~24 0.05~0.8 16~19 - - 60~74
Kitagawa et al. (1991) Nou tunnel, Japan Sedimentary 27 11~80 - - - - - 0.305~9.6
Bagur-Navile tunnel, India Unknown 1 - 37 - - 2.79 - -
Lower Periyar tunnel, India Unknown 1 - 59 - - 8.44 - -
Verman et al. (1997) Maneri Stage-II tunnel, India Unknown 4 - 40~53 - - 3.9~5.99 - -
Maneri-Uttarkashi tunnel, India Unknown 6 - 32~58 - - 3.21~15.93 - -
Tehri tunnel, India Unknown 3 - 35~68 - - 1.91~22.83 - -
Igneous 2 - 31~46 1.55~6.7 - 2.95~7.49 14.7~24.4 21~147.25
Singh and Seshagiri Rao (2005) Unknown Metamorphic 4 - 32~49 2.1~9.65 - 0.88~7.68 6.88~39.03 19.5~97.5
Sedimentary 4 - 28~33 1.2~2.05 - 2.33~2.68 6.76~11.9 26.9~53.5
Igneous 2 - - - 40~51 - - 46~65
Mayer and Stead (2016) Ok Tedi mine, Papua New Guinea Metamorphic 2 - - - 46~53 - - 34~76
Sedimentary 6 - - - 29~53 - - 64~86
Ji et al. (2017) Baihetan project, China Igneous 2 38~63 43~64 - - 10.3~19.05 43.5~56.8 76.2~135.2
Igneous 1 55 47.5 - - - - 70
Bejari and Khademi Hamidi (2012) Alborz service tunnel, Iran Sedimentary 3 50~63 48~55 - - - - 55~120
Unknown 1 75 58 - - - - 65
Tiwari and Latha (2016) Himalayas bridge, India Sedimentary 2 - 51~54 - 40~41 - 65~68 110~115
Lin et al. (2015) Xiluodu dam, China Sedimentary 6 - - - - - - 74.5~260
7
Lin et al. (2016) Laxiwa reservoir, China Igneous 4 - - 0.01~2.5 - 0.35~12.5 - 50~105
Igneous 2 - 65 - - 37.8~60 - 150~220
Sainoki et al. (2017) Copper Cliff mine, Canada Metamorphic 1 - - - - 0.4 - -
Unknown 1 - 65 - - 27.6 - 150
Sadeghiyeh et al. (2012) Ostur dam, Iran Igneous 7 - 66~70 6.8~8.5 - 2~10 - -
Exadaktylos et al. (2008) West rail line, Hong Kong Igneous 12 83~95 63~79 2.5~79.15 - - - -
Arrens tunnel, France Metamorphic 1 - - - - 5 20 -
Gage dam, France Igneous 1 - - - - 6.1 45.3 -
Heuze et al. (1980) Silver Summit mine, USA Metamorphic 1 - - - - 27.9 56.5 -
Tignes dam, France Metamorphic 1 - - - - 22.5 44.5 -
York Canyon mine, USA Sedimentary 2 - - - - 0.31~0.65 9.4~43.4 -
Kaiser et al. (1986) Tumbler Ridge tunnel, Canada Sedimentary 49 - 20~71 0.0765~69.79 - - - -
Krsmanović et al. (1969) Unknown Sedimentary 2 - - - - 1.57~3.53 - -
Sedimentary 1 - 32 0.7 - - - 35
Kotlibelh dam, India
Igneous 1 - 46 4.5 - - - 147.25
Lakhwar dam, India
Metamorphic 1 - 32 1.1 - - - 19.5
Nathpa Jhakri, India Metamorphic 1 - - 2.7 - - - 35
Singh et al. (1997) Sanjay Vidyut Pariyojna, India Metamorphic 1 - 44 13 - - - 22.6
Srinagar dam, India Metamorphic 1 - 49 3.9 - - - 87.45
Tehri dam, India Metamorphic 1 - 34 1.1 - - - 85.5
Unknown Unknown 81 - - 0.017~196.7 - - - 0.29~172.1
Uttassu dam, India Metamorphic 1 - 49 2.4 - - - 97.5
Nord and Stille (1983) Södertälje, Sweden Metamorphic 3 17~65 - - - - 10~20 30~150
Igneous 1 - - - - - - -
Kujundžić and Čolić (1976) Bor copper mine, Serbia Sedimentary 2 - - - - - - -
Unknown 3 - - - - - - -
Radosavljević and Marković (1977) Belgrade-Bar railway, Serbia Sedimentary 2 - - - - 0.883~1.37 - -
Swolfs and Kibler (1982) South Table mountain, USA Sedimentary 10 16~99 - - - 12.8~43.22 - -
Ulusay et al. (1993) Ayas-Sincan railway tunnel, Turkey Igneous 1 60 47 - - - 9.52 57.8
Bhasin et al. (1993) Underground Olympic stadium, Norway Metamorphic 3 40~90 - 1.25~30 - - - -
Bhasin et al. (1995) Nathpa Jhakri Hydel project, India Metamorphic 3 50~80 - 0.73~32 - - - -
Özsan and Karpuz (1996) Anamur dam, Turkey Metamorphic 2 - 25~45 0.6~4.6 - - - 44~104.3
Chatziangelou et al. (2002) Platamon railway tunnel, Greece Sedimentary 60 - 10~70 - 10~53 - - -
Kwon and Cho (2008) KAERI underground research tunnel, South Korea Igneous 6 65 59 - - 3.2~37.9 26.5 30.8~82.7
Panda et al. (2014) Teesta stage-III hydroelectric project, India Metamorphic 8 69~89 52~94 4~47 - - - 68~145
Singh et al. (1997) Unknown Unknown 81 - - 0.017~206.6 - - - 0.30~173.5
Moon et al. (2001) Waikato coal region, New Zealand Sedimentary 15 64~89 14~67 - - - - 4~20
Bagde et al. (2002) Dongargaon fluorite mine, India Sedimentary 14 - 23~52 - - - - 2.33~45.5
Moon and Roy (2004) Waikato coal region, New Zealand Sedimentary 65 58~94 51~72 - - - - 11~78
Yassaghi et al. (2005) Tehran–Shomal freeway, Iran Igneous 3 40~70 19~61 - - - 11.4~19.7 20~125
Kocbay and Kilic (2006) Obruk dam, Turkey Igneous 1 50 35 1.77 - - 39.25 52.57
Cavinato et al. (2006) Col di Tenda tunnel, Italy Sedimentary 9 0~64 33~63 - - - - -
Gurocak et al. (2007) Boztepe dam, Turkey Igneous 2 25~62 34~51 0.156~1.03 32~48 - 2.23~30.91 8.21~40.64
Igneous 1 - 41 1.21 38 - - 30.8
Genis et al. (2007) Dorukhan tunnel, Turkey Metamorphic 2 - 16~32 0.02~0.09 13~28 - - 1.5~30
Sedimentary 1 - 27 0.08 28 - - 15
Gurocak et al. (2008) Kapikaya dam, Turkey Unknown 1 66 - - 52 - 25.63 93.85
Del Potro and Hürlimann (2008) Tenerife, Spain Igneous 26 - - - 39~80 - - 16.2~107.8
8
Moon et al. (2005) White Island Volcano, New Zealand Igneous 4 95~97 70~73 - 55~68 - - 184
Danielsen and Dahlin (2009) Hallandsås tunnel, Sweden Metamorphic 12 13~63 - 0.01~5.5 - - - -
Igneous 1 21 41 0.197 35 - - 169.8
Rasouli (2009) Garmi Chay dam diversion tunnel, Iran
Metamorphic 2 10~12 28~34 0.004~0.021 22~30 - - 24.3~68.1
Kang et al. (2010) Anjialing, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 21.4 - 66.3
Bulianta, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 25.3 - 66.4
Changcun, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 16 - 60
Changping, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 33.8 - 86.2
Chengzhuang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 27.8 - 74.7
Eleventh mine, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 20.5 - 62.3
Fenghuangshan, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 41.2 - 116.4
Fengshuigou, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 6.2 - 14.6
China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 29.8 - 78.6
Gaohe, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 35.8 - 86.7
Gaoyang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 40.9 - 102.4
Guozhuang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 38.5 - 96.2
Gushuyuan, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 31.8 - 88.9
Hexi, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 27.1 - 72.3
Huafeng, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 20 - 74.1
Huating, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 17.8 - 42.1
Huoerxinhe, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 24.1 - 75.5
Liuwan, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 13.6 - 25.2
Lu'ning, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 23.1 - 81.7
Nanyang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 10.3 - 29.5
Pansan, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 23.9 - 52.8
Panyi, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 32.2 - 105.6
Shanfu, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 27.2 - 82.3
Shaqu, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 23.5 - 68.6
Shigejie, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 36.2 - 99.4
Shuangliu, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 44.8 - 114.8
Shuguang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 38.6 - 108.2
Shuiyu, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 30.8 - 72.3
Sihe, China Sedimentary 2 - - - - 23.3~49.8 - 64.2~112.1
Sima, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 26.8 - 74.1
Suncun, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 31.8 - 141.3
Tashan, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 22.5 - 58.4
Tunliu, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 61.2 - 129.1
Wangpo, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 39.6 - 101.1
Wangtaipu, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 14.2 - 40.3
Wangzhuang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 28.7 - 87.4
Wuyang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 16.4 - 42
Xiadian, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 18.7 - 50.6
Xieyi, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 28.7 - 91.3
Xiezhuang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 34.8 - 122.1
Xinjing, China Sedimentary 2 - - - - 30.6~33.5 - 73.2~78.6
Yanbei, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 19.7 - 50.9
Zhangcun, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 34.7 - 73.1
Zhaozhuang, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 37.6 - 119.5
9
Zhongxing, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 55.2 - 123.4
Zhulinshan, China Sedimentary 1 - - - - 35.3 - 92.8
Sedimentary 2 - - - 65~70 17.78~23.71 - 65~115
Alejano et al. (1999) Santa Lucia mine, Italy
Unknown 2 - - - 40~68 4.22~13.55 - 25~85
Khanlari et al. (2012) Karaj–Tehran tunnel, Iran Igneous 8 - 25~63 0.22~50 25~75 - 2.5~30 75~225
Kaşmer (2013) Zelve open-air museum, Turkey Igneous 2 95 52~63 - - - 0.64~0.96 3.8~6.3
Zhao et al. (2014) Brenner base tunnel Igneous 1 38 45 - - - - 75
Srivastava and Singh (2015) Chenani–Nashri highway tunnelling project, India Sedimentary 3 - - - 50 0.875~2.63 5~15 20~50
Sopacı and Akgün (2015) Antalya, Turkey Sedimentary 5 - - - 20~75 0.103~6.9 2.26~8.44 5.5~18.6
Igneous 1 60 60 - - 27.5 - 140
Samadian and Fakher (2016) Sanandaj, Iran
Sedimentary 2 20~60 20~60 - - 1.03~27.5 - 17.5~115
Sun et al. (2016) Unknown Unknown 31 - - - 10~100 - - 0.625~172
Yang et al. (2017) Xin'An coal mine, China Sedimentary 5 - - - 29~46 - - 9.8~16.1
Zhou et al. (2017) Jining coal mine, China Sedimentary 1 53 - - - 26.5 - 100
Kang et al. (2018) Huainan coal field, China Sedimentary 1 27.5 18 - - - - 21.5
Ghahramani and Evans (2018) North Nahanni rockslide, Canada Unknown 1 - 74 - 73 - - -
Luo et al. (2018) Guangxi province, China Sedimentary 6 - - - - 0.91~15.64 2.06~24.49 9.75~51.9
Jhanwar et al. (2000) Dongri-Buzurg mine, India Metamorphic 11 40~65 24~65 - - - - 4~70
Ishida and Uchita (2000) Ohkawachi pumped water power station, Japan Igneous 1 - - 12 - 24 76 236.7
Sato et al. (2000) Tono mine, Japan Sedimentary 5 - - - - 0.644~0.895 2.8 6.6
Kucuk et al. (2011) Izmir, Turkey Sedimentary 5 5~10 - - 20~28 - - -
Aliaga, Turkey Igneous 1 - - - 59 - 14.85 -
Amasya, Turkey Sedimentary 2 - - - 43~58 - 6.45~7.15 -
Bartın, Turkey Sedimentary 3 - - - 30~63 - 3.32~9.36 -
Foça, Turkey Igneous 1 - - - 52 - 12.04 -
Igneous 1 - - - 51 - 12.14 -
Izmir, Turkey
Sedimentary 2 - - - 20~39 - - -
Igneous 1 - - - 50 - 6.2 -
Aksoy et al. (2011) Kayseri, Turkey
Metamorphic 1 - - - 40.5 - 2.12 -
Ordu, Turkey Igneous 1 - - - 76 - 18.25 -
Tokat, Turkey Sedimentary 2 - - - 31~34 - 3.15~5.55 -
Van, Turkey Metamorphic 1 - - - 81 - 21.35 -
Igneous 1 - - - 72 - 18.4 -
Çine, Turkey Metamorphic 1 - - - 73 - - -
Sedimentary 2 - - - 45~58 - - -
Li et al. (2004) Jinchuan nickel mine, China Igneous 1 31 - - - 7.85 84 191
Ghomrood tunnel, Iran Metamorphic 6 15~90 21~54 0.007~6.27 - - - 50~82
Frough and Torabi (2013)
Karaj–Tehran tunnel, Iran Igneous 16 15~95 21~75 0.003~21.11 - - - 15~225
Hoek and Brown (1980) kielder experimental tunnel, England Sedimentary 4 53~90 35~69 0.080~11.75 - 5~20 - 37.5~150
Igneous 72 - 10~95 - - 0.153~22.95 - -
Metamorphic 378 - 7~92 - - 0.113~61.4 - -
Kang et al. (2012) South Korea
Sedimentary 107 - 11~75 - - 0.351~19.4 - -
Unknown 419 - 0~97 0.006~201.8 - 0.1806~41.63 - -
Naithani et al. (2017) Pranahitha-Chevella Sujala Sravanthi, India Igneous 8 85~97 59~69 6.05~16.08 - - 64.7~105.8 138~238
Vutukuri et al. (1978) Afourer tunnel, Morroco Sedimentary 1 - - - - 4.5 - -
Amsteg Press tunnel, Switzerland Sedimentary 1 - - - - 2.7 - -
Ananaigawa, Japan Sedimentary 1 - - - - - 30.3 -
Arrens tunnel, France Metamorphic 2 - - - - 5 18~22 -
10
Sedimentary 1 - - - - 13.5 - -
Bajina Basta, Yugoslavia Sedimentary 2 - - - - 0.065~0.11 - -
Beauregard, Italy Metamorphic 6 - - - - 0.697~14 - -
Benposta and Miranda, Portugal Sedimentary 2 - - - - 3.24~29.37 8.34~44.06 -
Besserve dam, France Metamorphic 1 - - - - 1.07 - -
Beuregard, Italy Metamorphic 1 - - - - - - -
Bhakra dam, India Sedimentary 2 - - - - 2.46~16.89 17.58~39.3 -
Cabrile dam, Portugal Igneous 5 - - - - - 13.5~22.25 -
California mine, USA Sedimentary 1 - - - - - 5.38 -
Czech Metamorphic 5 - - - - 2.48~15.58 - -
Dloube Strane, Czech Metamorphic 3 - - - - - 0.24 -
Austrialia Sedimentary 1 - - - - 1.9 3.25 -
Edmonston pump plant, USA Metamorphic 2 - - - - 3.86~4 24.34 -
Emosson dam, Switherland Metamorphic 1 - - - - 46 72 -
Fallone dam, Italy Metamorphic 1 - - - - 0.4 - -
Forte Buso, Italy Metamorphic 1 - - - - 6 - -
Germany Sedimentary 1 - - - - - 6 160
Giovaretto, Italy Metamorphic 1 - - - - - - -
Glagno dam, Italy Sedimentary 2 - - - - 1.79~4.14 - -
Grocio dam, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - 22.6 - -
Hitotsuse dam, Japan Sedimentary 8 - - - - 2.4~4.4 - -
Irongate dam, Romania Metamorphic 2 - - - - 2.45~5.25 - -
Iznajar dam, Spain Unknown 3 - - - - 2.92~9.78 - -
Igneous 12 - - - - 1.03~10.1 - -
Japanese hydro projects, Japan
Sedimentary 9 - - - - 1.24~5.31 - -
Jassa dam, Italy Metamorphic 1 - - - - 0.6 - -
Kameyama dam, Japan Sedimentary 1 - - - - 2.41 - 9.8
Kanba dam, Rhodesia Metamorphic 1 - - - - 3.45 5.21 -
Kaunertal, Austria Metamorphic 5 - - - - 3.3~35.2 - -
Kurubegawa Dam, Japan Unknown 2 - - - - 2.35~3.55 6.75 -
Lago Debo, Mali Metamorphic 2 - - - - - - -
Lake Delio underground station, Italy Metamorphic 1 50 - - - 9.5 21.5 6.6
Limberg, Austria Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Lovero tunnel, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - 2.75 - -
Metamorphic 1 - - - - 6.75 - -
Lucendro press tunnel, Switzerland
Sedimentary 1 - - - - 12 - -
Mae dam, Italy Sedimentary 2 - - - - - - -
Malpasset, France Metamorphic 1 - - - - 0.5 - -
Igneous 2 - - - - - 22.06 -
Manapouri power project, New Zealand
Metamorphic 2 - - - - - 14.48 -
Marmorera tunnel, Switherland Sedimentary 1 - - - - 21.5 - -
Mauvoisin dam, Switherland Sedimentary 1 - - - - 4 - -
Mica project, Canada Metamorphic 2 - - - - 3.6~45.75 - -
Mis dam, Italy Sedimentary 2 - - - - 4.53~7.39 - -
Monar dam, U.K. Metamorphic 1 - - - - - 56 -
Morroco Unknown 2 - - - - 0.965~1.24 - -
Mulargia dam, Sardinia Metamorphic 1 - - - - - - -
Nagawado dam, Japan Igneous 1 - - - - - 52.5 -
11
Nevada test site, USA Igneous 7 - - - - 0.689~27.58 3.45~68.95 -
Niagara tunnel, USA Sedimentary 1 - - - - 17.24 34.47 -
Oroville dam, USA Unknown 1 - - - - 10.34 88.9 -
Paltinul dam, Romania Sedimentary 1 - - - - 1.5 13.5 -
Pfestiniog pump storage, UK Sedimentary 4 - - - - - 26 -
Pietra del Pertusillo, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Pieve di Cadore, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - 3 - -
Place Moulin dam, Italy Unknown 2 - - - - - 71.8~78.3 10.1~10.4
Poiana Uzului dam, Romania Sedimentary 2 - - - - 2~4.8 - -
Prutz press shaft, Austria Sedimentary 1 - - - - 6.45 - -
Randall dam, USA Sedimentary 1 - - - - 1.99 2 -
Rappbode dam, Germany Metamorphic 1 - - - - 0.7 - -
Rossens dam, Switzerland Sedimentary 2 - - - - 0.9~1.5 - -
Salamonde, Portugal Igneous 5 - - - - 1.11~18.8 3.2~24.55 -
Sampolo dam, France Unknown 1 - - - - 0.926 - -
San Bernardino tunnel, USA Unknown 3 - - - - - 20.05 -
Schwarzenbach tunnel, Germany Igneous 1 - - - - 26.4 - -
South Moravia, Czech Metamorphic 3 - - - - 0.625~6.25 - -
Speccheri, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Srisailam, India Metamorphic 2 - - - - 1.35~27.4 1.96~64.9 41.2~318
Sufers dam, Switherland Metamorphic 1 - - - - 10 27.3 -
Susequeda dam, Susequeda, Spain Unknown 1 - - - - 7.2 - -
Sylvenstein, Germany Sedimentary 1 - - - - - - -
Tachin dam, Taiwan Metamorphic 3 - - - - 4~7 45 -
Takane dam, Japan Sedimentary 2 - - - - - - -
Teisnach dam, Germany Metamorphic 2 - - - - 3.9~7.7 - -
Tena Termini, Italy Sedimentary 13 - - - - 1.52~59.45 - -
Tihange nuclear power, Belgium Metamorphic 2 - - - - 0.5~1.8 - -
Tsruga dam, Japan Igneous 3 - - - - - - -
Unknown Sedimentary 9 - - - - 0.965~7.52 1.8~48.2 -
Uzbekistan, USSR Metamorphic 3 - - - - 1.2~3.6 - -
Vaiont dam, Italy Sedimentary 2 - - - - 4.5~12 - -
Villefort dam, France Igneous 1 - - - - 1.92 - -
Gimm et al. (1966) Unknown Sedimentary 1 - - - - 1.77 58.86 -
Iliev (1966) Vitosha mountain, Bulgaria Igneous 7 - - - - 3.73~42.58 - -
Kujundzic and Grujic (1966) Unknown Sedimentary 125 - - - - 0.760~34.55 - -
Salamon and Oravecz (1966) South African Sedimentary 3 - - - - 0.834~4.02 4.51~23.54 -
Barioli (1966) Grosio underground hydroelectric plant, Italy Unknown 3 - - - - - - -
Murphy and Holt (1966) Mount Holyoke range, USA Igneous 2 - - - - - 41.16~78.6 152.4~158
Drozd and Louma (1966) South Moravia, Czech Metamorphic 5 - - - - 0.255~1.55 - -
Lane (1966) Unknown Unknown 2 - - - - 1.18~1.37 35.12 -
Pavlović (1970) Rama hydroelectric power station, Bosnia Sedimentary 27 - - - - 3.51~45.13 - -
Soejima and Shidomoto (1970) Shimouke dam, Japan Igneous 2 - - - - - - -
Dvořák (1970) Unknown Unknown 97 - - - - - - -
Kazimierz et al. (1970) Unknown Sedimentary 16 - - - - - - -
Ivanovic et al. (1970) Piva river canyon Mratinje dam, Montenegro Unknown 7 - - - - 1.96~14.22 1.96~13.73 -
Matsushitan et al. (1995) Nabetachiyama tunnel, Japan Sedimentary 6 - - - - 0.006~1.86 - 0.19~7.01
Chern et al. (1995) Taiwan Sedimentary 1 - 25 0.25 - 0.2 - 2.6
12
Lee et al. (1995) South Korea Unknown 1 90 - 40 - 17 83 250
Rodger et al. (1995) Peny Clip tunnel, UK Unknown 1 - 46 1.38 - - 74.6 240
Ermekov et al. (1995) Penmaenbach tunnel, UK Unknown 1 - 82 18.7 - - 48 212
Wojtkowiak et al. (1995) Donskoi GOK, Kazakhstan Igneous 1 - - - - - 46 66
Ivanovic et al. (1970) Brusada mine, Italy Metamorphic 1 80 44 3.75 - 6.45 51.5 77.4
Igneous 1 - - - - 0.374 - -
Yoshida et al. (1995) Ikuguchi bridge, Japan
Unknown 3 - - - - 0.0805~0.131 - -
Daya Bay, China Igneous 23 - 67~92 33.6~180.5 - - - -
Yanjun et al. (2007) Jinzhou, China Igneous 36 - 47~78 7.98~84.27 - - - -
Three gorges, China Igneous 38 - 24~96 0.093~217.2 - - - -
Athens, Greece Metamorphic 1 - - - 20 - - 7
El Teniente, Chile Sedimentary 1 - - - 75 - - 51
Mackay and Assis (2007) Himachel, India Metamorphic 1 - - - 65 - - 30
Rio Grande, USA Metamorphic 1 - - - 75 - - 110
Yacambú, Venezuela Sedimentary 1 - - - 24 - - 15
Khoshrou and Jamali (2007) Miduk open pit, Iran Igneous 1 75 - - - - - -
Arbanas et al. (2007) Rijeka, Croatia Sedimentary 1 - - - 20 - - 10
Fahimifar and Imani (2007) Roodbar Lorestan dam, Iran Sedimentary 3 64~70 - - - 7~9 11~13 55~64
Savich et al. (2007) Rogun dam, Tajikistan Sedimentary 2 - 51~63 - - 3.5~4.6 4~6 70~100
Aviemore dam, New Zealand Sedimentary 1 - 25 1 35 - - 87
Richards and Read (2007) Belmont quarry, New Zealand Sedimentary 2 - 40 1.05 40 - - 65~240
Taotaoroa quarry, New Zealand Sedimentary 1 - 35 0.51 25 - - 193
Jung and Chung (2007) Ssangyong Hajang limestone mine, South Korea Sedimentary 7 - 50~75 0.5~10 46~68 - - -
Shahriar and Namin (2007) Emarat deposit, Iran Sedimentary 2 65~84 50~63 - - - - 29.6~92.6
Jafari et al. (2007) Nosoud water tunnel, Iran Sedimentary 11 - - - 21~56 - 1~8.5 10~75
Sharifzadeh et al. (2007) Siah Bisheb, Iran Sedimentary 2 - - - 4~7 - 7.5~15 43.5~71.5
Lima et al. (2007) Picote II underground powerhouse, Portugal Igneous 1 - - - - 10 37 77
Sitharam and Maji (2007) Chenab river, India Sedimentary 2 10~49 25~48 1.25~6.12 27~43 - 65 115
Foz coa dam, Portugal Unknown 2 - - - - 23.3~30.6 40.7~78.7 -
Da Cunha (1991)
Karun dam, Iran Sedimentary 11 - - - - 6~57 11.5~78.5 -
Kazakidis et al. (1991) Hemlo gold mines, Canada Metamorphic 4 70~86 52~83 2.4~8.3 - - 55.3~63.33 167~188
Rao et al. (1991) Sardar Sarovar project, India Igneous 3 - 23~72 0.33~20 - - - -
Suorineni (1991) Ghana Metamorphic 1 52 38.5 0.285 - - - 78.55
Chermouti (1991) Algiers subway, Algeria Unknown 1 38 - - - 0.35 - 40
Jasarevic et al. (1991) Water conduit tunnel Krivaja - Oskova, Bosnia Igneous 4 - 47~66 1.73~6.68 - 0.49~7 - 161~179
Stojkovic and Miric (1991) Bekhme dam project, Iraq Sedimentary 9 - 30~72 0.52~16.88 - - - -
Ajalloian and Karimzadeh (2003) Givi dam, Iran Igneous 2 23~47 18~46 3.38~8.9 - - 7.1~13.25 63.5~80
Han and Kim (2003) Ganboke gold mine, Chad Sedimentary 1 - 60 - - - 50.13 155.98
Hakala and Tolppanen (2003) Pyhäsalmi mine, Finland Igneous 1 87 - 55 80 - 75 101
Barla et al. (2003) Alpetto mine, Italy Unknown 6 - - - 45~65 - - 50~142
Metamorphic 4 - - - 30~70 - - 20~180
Goel and Amponsah-Mensah (2003) Obuasi mine, Ghana
Sedimentary 2 - - - 70 - - 160~220
Judeel (2003) Klerksdorp gold field, South Africa Sedimentary 11 - - - 27~65 - - 170~280
Kazemi and Ahmadi (2003) Unknown Sedimentary 1 - 67 11.25 - 6 9 50
Chung-In (2003) South Korea Metamorphic 9 - - - - 3.5~21 17.4~93 -
Lee et al. (2003) Sinpal-Ildong, South Korea Unknown 1 55 39 - - - - 35
Siefert et al. (2003) Vienna, Austria Metamorphic 2 - 30~56 0.06~3 25~62 - - -
Goel et al. (2011) Thane to Diva tunnel, India Igneous 3 80 - 8.3~25 - - 25.6~29 81~86.5
13
Lima et al. (2011) Bemposta II powerhouse shaft, Portugal Igneous 1 - - - - 15 43 67
Konicek et al. (2011) Upper Silesian coal basin, Czech Sedimentary 3 75~80 - - - - - 90~110
Samaniego and Pehovaz (2011) San Genaro mine, Peru Igneous 4 - 58~66 3.87~13.25 54~57 - - -
Sun (2011) Leeville underground mine, Nevada Sedimentary 1 21 30 - - - - 74
Yang et al. (2011) OO mine, Korea Sedimentary 4 62 52~60 2.1~6.2 - - 27~32 86~95
Panthi (2011) Parbati II hydroelectric project, India Metamorphic 1 - - - 75 14.3 62.5 157.5
Del Olmo et al. (2011) Spain Sedimentary 1 - - - 60 - - 48
Greet et al. (2011) South Africa Unknown 1 - 85 87.3 - - - 251.47
Kramadibrata et al. (2011) Tutupan open pit coal mine, Indonesia Sedimentary 22 - 23~71 - - - - 1.24~28.3
Majdi et al. (2011) Iran Unknown 109 - - - 34~77 0.805~39.15 - -
Bye et al. (1999) Sandsloot open pit, South Africa Igneous 5 55~80 - - - - 10.24 -
Metamorphic 6 65~80 38~70 7~9 - - - 100~150
Goel and Wezenberg (1999) Ghana
Unknown 2 90 15 15 - - - 10
Tommasi et al. (1999) Lavin di Marco, Italy Sedimentary 1 - - - - - 58 155
Barla et al. (1999) Pont Ventoux - Susa hydropower project, Italy Metamorphic 1 - 31 0.15 - - - -
Jafari and Ghaffarzadeh (1999) Masjed-Soleiman hydroelectric power station, Iran Sedimentary 4 - 50~74 1.6~53 - - 6~15 25~60
Ulusay et al. (1999) Cappadocia, Turkey Igneous 1 95 67 - - - 4.2 7.94
Table S2 Distribution type and the parameters (aX, bX, aY, bY) of the fitted Johnson PDFs.
Rock mass Distribution Johnson parameters
Variable P-value
parameter type aX bX aY bY
Y1 RQD Johnson SB 0.629 -0.479 109.514 -7.730 4.6e-4
Y2 RMR Johnson SB 1.542 -0.724 131.267 -24.150 0.03
Y3 ln(Q) Johnson SB 1.903 -0.888 19.449 -10.802 3.7e-05
Y4 GSI Johnson SU 75.111 285.397 53.983 1252.8 0.038
Y5 ln(Em) Johnson SU 3.461 24.679 0.0072 6.306 0.20
Y6 ln(Eem) Johnson SU 3.121 19.281 0.0168 6.247 0.83
Y7 ln(Edm) Johnson SB 1.548 -17.258 81630 -81625 0.38
Y8 ln(Ei) Johnson SB 2.340 -3.152 15.879 -9.576 0.019
Y9 ln(ci) Johnson SU 2.030 13.257 0.0059 6.127 0.077
14
Figure S1 Histograms for (Y1, Y2, …, Y9) and fitted Johnson PDFs.
15
Figure S2 Scatter plots for (Yi, Yj). The numbers shown in the lower-left of each plot indicate the number of pairwise data (number of data groups).
16
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