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Assessment 3: PICO (T) Questions and an Evidence-Based Approach

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Student Name

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Capella University

Course Name

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Prof Name

m FEB 23, 2024


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Optimizing Management of Type 2 Diabetes through
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Evidence-Based Practice
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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) poses a significant health challenge, highlighting the necessity of
employing an evidence-based approach to enhance disease management strategies.
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Poorly controlled diabetes can lead to severe health complications and diminished
quality of life, potentially resulting in mortality. Guidelines from esteemed organizations
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such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), the American
Diabetes Association (ADA), and the World Health Organization (WHO) delineate
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comprehensive evidence-based care approaches encompassing lifestyle modifications,


pharmacotherapy, glycemic control, complication screening, and comorbidity
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management.
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Assessing Evidence and Resources Credibility

Incorporating evidence-based practice (EBP) into type 2 diabetes management offers


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significant benefits by allowing the application of the latest, high-quality research,


ensuring up-to-date and accurate management strategies. EBP facilitates personalized
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patient care by integrating patient preferences with clinical expertise and the best
available evidence for optimal outcomes (ADA, 2021; NICE, 2021). The World Health
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Organization (2021) underscores that evidence-based practices in healthcare settings
promote standardized care, reduce variability, and enhance consistency in clinical
decision-making. Supporting studies, such as the work conducted by Wiviott et al.
(2019), advocate for the adoption of EBP to enhance healthcare practice, ultimately
leading to improved health outcomes. These studies underscore the critical and
beneficial nature of an evidence-based approach, particularly in managing conditions
like type 2 diabetes.

Criteria for Evaluating Credibility of Resources

The CRAAP criteria serve as a valuable tool for evaluating the trustworthiness of

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sources such as journal articles and websites. This framework includes Currency,
Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose. Currency pertains to the freshness of

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information, considering publication or posting dates and updates. Relevance assesses
whether information is pertinent to the topic. Authority considers the origin of information
and the expertise of authors. Accuracy gauges the trustworthiness of information,

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considering supporting evidence and expert review. The purpose is to examine the goal
of the information and scrutinize potential biases. A resource that meets the CRAAP

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criteria is the World Health Organization's (2021) "Global Report on Diabetes," providing
current, relevant, authoritative, accurate, and purposeful information.
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Credibility and Relevance of Evidence and Resources
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Three resources related to Type 2 Diabetes were evaluated for credibility and
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relevance. The American Diabetes Association (2021) "Standards of Medical Care in


Diabetes Abridged for Primary Care Providers" is considered highly credible and
relevant due to its extensive review process, reliance on the latest research, and
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endorsement by a leading professional body. The National Institute for Health and Care
Excellence (2021) "Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: Management" guideline is also highly
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credible and practical, offering evidence-based recommendations. The study by Wiviott


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et al. (2019) published in The Lancet is credible and relevant, supported by rigorous
research methodologies and peer-review processes. Among these, the most useful
resource appears to be the American Diabetes Association (2021) due to its
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comprehensiveness, rigor, and professional endorsement.


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The Significance of the Evidence-Based Practice Model

Incorporating reliable sources in an evidence-based practice (EBP) model is crucial for


managing chronic conditions like Type 2 diabetes. Credible evidence serves as factual
support for selecting interventions and developing care plans. Models such as the Iowa
model for Evidence-Based Practice are examples used to address Type 2 diabetes,
starting with problem identification and understanding current standards, potential
complications, and contributing factors. Interdisciplinary teams for diabetes care require
expertise backed by credible evidence for a comprehensive approach (Abu-Baker,
2021).

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Conclusion

In conclusion, evidence-based research plays a pivotal role in supporting clinical

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decisions and practices, known as evidence-based practices. Models like the Iowa
model are essential in addressing complex health issues like Type 2 Diabetes. These

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models facilitate a structured approach, aiding in the recognition, assessment, and
application of trustworthy resources, enhancing critical thinking and decision-making in

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clinical environments. The implementation of evidence-based practices significantly
benefits the knowledge and professional development of healthcare providers,
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improving the quality of patient-centered care. Ultimately, evidence-based practices
have a profound impact on healthcare outcomes and patient experiences, underscoring
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their essential role in modern healthcare.


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References

● Abu-Baker, N. N., AbuAlrub, S., Obeidat, R. F., & Assmairan, K. (2021).


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Evidence-based practice beliefs and implementations: A cross-sectional study


among undergraduate nursing students. BMC Nursing, 20(1).
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-00522-x
● American Diabetes Association. (2021). Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes:
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Abridged for Primary Care Providers. Clin. Diabetes, 39(1), 14–43.


https://doi.org/10.2337/cd20-0104
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● National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2021). Type 2 diabetes in
adults: Management. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng28
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● Wiviott, S. D., Raz, I., Bonaca, M. P., Mosenzon, O., Kato, E. T., Cahn, A., ...
Langkilde, A. M. (2019). Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2
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diabetes. The New England Journal of Medicine, 380(4), 347–357.
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1812389
● World Health Organization. (2021). Global report on diabetes.
https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240013131

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