Proceedings of the ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering

OMAE2017
June 25-30, 2017, Trondheim, Norway

OMAE2017-62472

An Investigation of Pressure and Production Data Using Decline and Type Curve Analysis
1 1 2 1, *
Arifur Rahman , Fatema Akter Happy , Mahbub Alam Hira , and M. Enamul Hossain
1
Department of Process Engineering (Oil and Gas Program)
Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Canada
2
Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
*
Corresponding Author E-mail: ehossain@mun.ca

ABSTRACT NOMENCLATURE

Decline curve analysis is one of the most widely used 𝑎 Exponential decline rate, t #$
production data analysis technique for forecasting whilst type 𝑏 Decline exponent
curve analysis is a graphical representation technique for 𝑏&.()) Dimensionless Pseudo-steady state constant in
history matching and forecasting. The combination of both the flow equation using material balance
methods can estimate the reserves and the well/reservoir pseudo-time (gas)
parameters simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to 𝑏*.()) Pseudo-steady state constant in the flow
equation using material balance pseudo-time
construct the new production decline curves to analyze the
(gas)
pressure and production data. These curves are constructed by
𝐵 Formation volume factor, reservoir vol/surface
combining decline curve and a type curve analysis technique vol
that can estimate the existing reserves and determine the other 𝑐 Compressibility, psi#$
well/reservoir parameters for gas wells. The accuracy of these 𝑒 Natural logarithm base 2.71828
parameter estimations depends on the quality and type of the 𝐺 Cumulative Production, Bscf
pressure and production data available. This study illustrates the ℎ Net pay thickness, ft
conventional decline curve that can be used to analyze the gas 𝑘 Permeability, mD
well performance data with type curves based on pseudo time 𝑚*.()) Slope from the flow equation using material
function. On the other hand, log-log plots are used as a balance time (gas)
diagnostic tool to identify the appropriate reservoir model and 𝑝 Pressure, psia
analogous data trend. Pressure derivative and type curves are 𝑝( Pseudo Pressure, psia
used to construct a radial model of the reservoir. In addition, 𝑞 Flow rate, scf
Blasingame and Fetkovich type curves analysis are also 𝑟8 External boundary radius, ft
presented in a convenient way. The decline curve analysis 𝑟9 Wellbore radius, ft
shows steady state production for a long time, then a decline is 𝑠 Skin factor
observed which indicates a boundary dominated flow. The 𝑆 Fluid saturation
Blasingame type curve matching points is going downward, 𝑡 Time, s
𝑡=> Material balance pseudo time
which indicate the influence of another nearby well. The
𝑡8*>) Pseudo normalized time (gas)
reservoir parameters that are obtained by using the decline
𝑇 Temperature, °R
curve and type curves analysis show a similar trend and close
𝑡&AB Dimensionless time based on fracture half
match for different approaches. These observations closely length
match results of different analysis. This analysis improves the 𝑡&C8 Dimensionless time based on reservoir width
likelihood of the results being satisfactory and reliable, though µ Viscosity, cP
it changes with time until the end of the production period. This 𝑥B Fracture half length, ft
analysis technique can be extended to other type of 𝜑 Porosity
well/reservoir system, including horizontal wells and fractured ∆ Difference
reservoirs.

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 Special Subscripts modern day log-log type curve analysis technique which is used
in analyzing constant rate-pressure drawdown and buildup data
𝐷 Dimensionless variable [1,9,11-13].
𝐷𝐴 Dimensionless variable with area
𝐷𝑑 Dimensionless decline rate The development of modern decline curve analysis has been
𝐷𝑑𝑖 Dimensionless decline rate integral started in 1944 when an American geologist J.J. Arps published
𝑒 Equivalent a comprehensive review of previous efforts of production
𝑔 Gas decline analysis with graphical technique. In that work, Arps
𝑖 Initial developed a family of functional relations based on the
𝑠𝑐 Standard condition exponential and harmonic decline model for the analysis of
𝑡 Total flow rate data [6].
𝑤𝑓 Flowing bottomhole condition
The purpose of this paper is to use new production decline
Abbreviations analysis with type curve to estimate the existing reserve and
reservoir parameters of a gas well. First, we will review the
EUR Expected Ultimate Recovery background material for estimating the reserve and reservoir
OGIP Original Gas in Place parameters. After that we presented the summery of different
KTL-1 Kailastilla Well No.01 analysis techniques along with their advantages and limitations.
KTL-5 Kailastilla Well No.05 Finally, we will present the production decline analysis along
NPI Normalized Pressure Integral
with type curve analysis and demonstrate their application by
means of field examples.
INTRODUCTION
Production Decline Analysis
When a petroleum reservoir is discovered, it is very essential to
Decline curve analysis is an empirical technique that
estimate the initial hydrocarbon in place before performing the
development strategy which includes well design, drilling, well extrapolates production data trend to predict the future
completion and production processes. These estimates are production and determine the expected ultimate recoverable
needed to determine the economic viability of the project and reserves. Decline curve analysis is not based on theory but is
regulatory agencies to record the reserve. During the last four based on empirical observations of production decline.
decades, different types of methods have been developed and Conventional or basic decline curve analysis can be
published in the literature which comprises a material balance, implemented only when the production history is long enough
decline curve, type curve (graphical) method etc. that a decline trend can be identified. Generally, rate vs time
and rate vs cumulative production represented the decline trend.
In order to perform accurate analysis and interpretation of
J. J. Arps [3] first documented these decline trending equations
reservoir behavior, it is very important to perform decline curve
in 1945.
analysis where production rate and time data are history
matched with a theoretical model using type curve. Rate-time
Arps Rate-Time Equations
decline curve extrapolation technique has been used for decades
in the field of petroleum engineering and always considered it Almost all types of conventional production decline are based
as an empirical approach. However, recent development in the on the empirical rate-time equations given by Arps [3]
area of decline curve analysis directed towards purely statistical
computerized approach which leads us to unbiased unique OP $
= V (1)
interpretation. OQ
$ST>Q U W

Ramsey [14] first describe different decline curve analysis For b=0, we can get the exponential decline from equation (1)
technique during the period of 1964 to 1968. Several papers are
also published during this period for understanding the decline OP $
= (2)
curve mechanism but add little value. Slider [15] has given new OQ 8 XQ P

direction to decline curve analysis with the development of new

overlay technique to analyze the rate-time data. Later this And for b=1, referred to as the harmonic decline
technique was extensively used by Ramsey for the evaluation OP $
of more than 200 wells to estimate the distribution of decline = (3)
OQ $S>Q U
curve exponent ‘b’. The Slider’s overlay technique is similar to

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 We can develop a unit solution (𝑎Y = 1) from equation (1) and trend of the well production data as well as the production
hyperbolic decline taking the value of b between 0 and 1 with period of a declining reservoir. The results showed that this well
0.1 increment. will end production very shortly. By this analysis, we get an
idea about the well and the probable end of the production time.
Dimensionless decline rate
Fetkovich Type Curve Analysis
O U
𝑞&[ = (4)
OQ Conventional decline analysis can only analyze the boundary
dominated flow but cannot analyze the early production period
Dimensionless decline time or transient flow period. So, Fetkovich generated a new set of
type curves which was published in 1980. Fetkovich combined
𝑡&[ = 𝑎Y 𝑡 (5) analytical flow equations with Arps empirical decline curve
Decline curve analysis is not grounded on theory but is based analysis to generate this new set of type curves. Arps decline
on empirical observations of production decline. equations can be extended into transient flow region with the
help of this type curve. The motivation behind this development
Advantages is to use log-log matching techniques to both transient flow part
of the data and boundary-dominated flow period data [2].
This technique is easy and rapid to apply in a convenient way.
Fetkovich developed a mathematical model considering
Pressure data and reservoir parameters are not needed prior to
different simplifying assumptions for a closed circular reservoir
the analysis. It can provide the production forecast of a
reservoir. that contain a well in the center and the well is producing at a
constant sand face pressure. This model was primarily resolved
Limitations by Van Everdingen and Hurst [16]. Fetkovich type curve
consists two major sections which are defined as early-time
This technique cannot provide the oil or gas initially-in-place curves (left-hand side) and late time curves (right-hand side)
except using the empirical recovery technique. Depending on
[Figure 2]. The early time portion is derived from the transient
the value of decline exponent, large range of EUR value is
flow equation, on the other hand the late time portion is consists
found.
of the Arps decline curve. The common link between these two
Field Outcomes portions is the exponential decline curve.

In Kailashtila Gas Field (KTL-5) the analysis shows steady The dimensionless variables can be expressed in terms of Arps
production for a long time and after that there is a decline in the decline curve parameters or in terms of transient response
graph that indicates a boundary dominated flow. We did not get parameters. The Fetkovich type curve showed the
any confident result of this analysis, but it shows the declining dimensionless variables q ] , q ]_ , t ]_ as defined below.
nature of the well which helps determining future production
planning. In this analysis of the KTL – 5, we find EUR 7.522 The traditional dimensionless time
Bscf. This analysis primary concerns about that declining
a.aabccdU
𝑡& = (6)
ef=P gh i

Uj
𝑡&[ = V kl i k V
(7)
#$ mn l #
i kh kh i

Dimensionless flow rate for gas wells

oacaapO(U)(st
𝑞& = (8)
duUst ∆(v

( w([(
Where 𝑝( = a fx

gl $
𝑞&[ = 𝑞& 𝑙𝑛 − (9)
gh w

Finally, cumulative production is given by this equation below

O(U)
Figure 1: Traditional Decline Analysis for KTL-5 𝑞&[ = (10)
|

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 From rate-time type curve the permeability can be calculated superposition time. This technique is largely dependent on
for the case of gas wells empirical relations which makes the process more versatile.

$.}$~∗$a€ p gl c Limitations
𝑞&[ = 𝑞 𝑙𝑛 − (11)
du∆(v ghX •>U=u }
The main limitation of this technique is that it can only estimate
O $.}$~∗$a€ p gl c the expected ultimate recoverable reserve depending on the
𝑘= − (12)
Oj‚ •>U=u u∆(v ghX •>U=u } historical data and operating conditions provided. This
technique cannot estimate the originally oil or gas in place. As
Dimensionless decline time the hyperbolic decline curves are similar to each other, so the
a.aabccdU
decline trend is non-unique.
𝑡&[ = V kl i kl …
(13)
i
i
ef=P ghX
khX ƒXPt„
#$ #
khX ƒXPt„ † Field Outcomes

and the cumulative production
‡ˆ‰∗(Q Šh‹
𝐺=
(Q Šh‹ #(h‹ ŠQ
After combining the Fetkovich early time region data of
transient flow with the late time region data of boundary-
dominated flow (Arps decline curves) resulting Fetkovich
decline type curves shown below in Figure 2 for KTL-5 well.
From Fetkovich type curves analysis (Figure 3), we find the
Expected Ultimate Recovery (EUR) of KTL – 5 well is 13.505
Bscf. As the whole production history of the well is considered
(14)
(including transient and boundary dominated flow regime) for
this analysis, so the change in bottomhole flowing is
responsible for both the flow regime.

Figure 3: Fetkovich Type curves for KTL-5

It is observed that the well production has strongly declined,

Figure 2: Fetkovich decline type curves for KTL-5 which is the indication of the production of the well is prone to
shut down.
From Fetkovich type curve it is clear that the transition from
transient to depletion behavior occurs at a dimensionless time Blasingame Type Curve Analysis
of 0.1. It is not possible to predict the type of decline ultimately
develop before the dimensionless time exceeds 0.1 in the type Blasingame type curve analysis are identical with Fetkovich
curve. Sometimes Fetkovich noted that for hyperbolic decline method. However, there exist three main differences between
coefficient ‘b’ determined by Arps decline curve exceeds its these methods [10].
limits from 0 to 1. It has a value larger than 1 which indicate
that the data which are used for analyzing is still in the transient I. Constant rate solution and constant pressure are the
flow region. basis of developing the model
II. Only harmonic stem is plotted where exponential and
Advantages hyperbolic stems are absent
This procedure is simple to use and does not require any III. Normalized rate, rate integral and rate integral
flowing well pressure data. It cannot assume that the flow is in derivative are used
a specific dominant flow regime and the plots does not use

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 Fetkovich typecurves are the combination of analytical solution •ŒQ •ŒQ $ } $ ”
𝑏*.()) = 141.2 𝑙𝑛 i +𝑠 (19)
du w 8 ‘ ’“ gh
of transient flow of a single-phase fluid at a constant wellbore
flowing pressure with the empirical Arps equations involving O
w(Q UtX ∆(v
boundary dominated flow. The exponent ‘b’ could vary from 𝐺 = (20)
f=P x Q Uj“ Oj‚
zero to one depending on the type of flow and it should be
correlated with fluid properties as well as flow mechanism. For Now for the case of transient flow period the dimensionless
example, single-phase oil flow would result the value of ‘b’ is decline rate equation is used to calculate the permeability of the
zero, and the single-phase gas flow would exhibit the value of formation.
b > 0, because of the changes in gas properties. Fraim and
Wattenbarger [8] showed that If the change of gas properties O $.}$~∗$a€ p
𝑞&[ = 𝑏&()) (21)
∆(v du
were taken into consideration (i.e., with the utilization of
pseudo-time), the gas back pressure against a boundary O
∆(v $.}$~∗$a€ p
dominated flow can prevail the same behavior of the oil 𝑘= 𝑏&()) (22)
Oj‚ u
reservoir. The corresponding decline would follow the •>U=u
exponential curve, which comprises b = 0. The subsequent O
a.abcc∗$.}$~∗$a€ ∗w– UtX ∆(v )ŒQ—st (Q ∗‡
finding by Blasingame et al. [5] is the superposition time 𝐺 = ∗
f=P Q Uj‚ •>U=u Oj‚ ŠQ ∗(st
function by changing wellbore flowing pressure which is called •>U=u
material balance time. If the material balance time is used as a (23)
replacement for an actual producing time the exponential
decline would follow the harmonic decline. Blasingame, Advantages
McCray, and Palacio developed different type curves which
show the analytical transient stems along with the analytical It is difficult to get the smooth drawdown data. This technique
decline (but in the rest of the part hyperbolic stems is absent). uses rate-integral concept which will provide relatively smooth
drawdown data to perform the analysis.
They introduced two new functions to smoothen the noisy
character of production data for obtaining a unique match which
Limitations
is called the rate integral function and rate integral derivative
function. The Blasingame and Fetkovich type curves are similar This technique is sensitive towards detecting the early time
for constant pressure production. The real difference between errors. Small amount of early time errors can lead to the
these two techniques is the absence of empirical depletion stems significant cumulative deviations for normalize rate integral
in Blasingame type curve. Empirical depletion stems are not and normalized rate integral derivative. The latter one cannot
required as the material balance time forces, boundary- detect different flow regimes, but effective in determining the
dominated data to fall in the harmonic stem region. Three rate flow pattern.
functions (normalized rate, rate integral, and rate integral
derivative) can be plotted against the material balance time. For
the case of gas flow the pseudo steady state flow rate is given
below.
OΠ$
= (15)
∆(v TŒ.vss S•Œ.vss UlŒXs

Where the constant slope is 𝑚*.())

Pseudo pressure and pseudo normalized time are defined as

below.
•ŒQ =PQ( (
𝑝( = 𝑑𝑝 (16)
OŒ (U) (h‹ •Œ x

•ŒQ xQ U OŒ (U)
𝑡8*>) = a •Œ (()=P (()
𝑑𝑡 (17)
(Q
Figure 4: Blasingame Typecurves for KTL-5
and the slope is
Field Outcomes
$
𝑚*.()) = (18) Blasingame analysis of well KTL – 5 (Figure 4) indicates that,
|=P
since some data points goes downward from the type curve

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 there is another well beside this well which is the indication of Limitations
interference effect. After conducting multi-well testing with
KTL-1, it is observed that EUR =30.642 Bscf, OGIP =38.303 This technique is too noisy to get any meaningful interpretation
Bscf, Permeability, k= 0.5950 mD, and the graph points on the as inverse pressure derivative is used. It is recommended to use
boundary dominated region overlaps with type curve. This pressure integral to improve this technique.
indicates that the result of the analysis is reliable. Field Outcomes
Agarwal-Gardner Type Curve Analysis
The outcomes of Agarwal-Gardner type curve analysis (Figure
In order to analyze the production data Agarwal and Gardner 5) are EUR =28.021 Bscf, OGIP =35.026 Bscf, Permeability,
have compiled and presented different diagnostic methods k= 1.4126 mD. Likewise, Blasingame analysis, a multi-well test
based on modern decline analysis theory [2]. Their method is has been conducted which indicates that this well is producing
based upon the work of Fetkovich, Palacio and Blasingame, by with interference to KTL – 1. Result is quite similar to
using the equivalence concept of constant rate and constant Blasingame Analysis.
pressure solutions. They presented the type curves with
dimensionless variables using a conventional well test
definition which is different from Blasingame dimensionless
definition given in equation (21). They included primary and
semi-log pressure derivative plots which are inverse format of
decline curve analysis technique. Their method is presented
below [10].

I. Type curves with rate vs time ( t ] and t ]˜ format)

II. Type curves with cumulative production vs time ( t ]
and t ]˜ format)
III. Type curves with rate vs cumulative production (t ]˜
format)

For gas wells the dimensionless rate is defined as follows.

$.}$~∗$a€ p O
Figure 5: Agarwal-Gardenar Type curves for KTL-5
𝑞& = (24)
du ∆(v
NPI Type Curve
The permeability can be calculated as follows. Blasingame et al. [4] initially developed the normalized
O pressure integral (NPI) type curve method for analyzing the
$.}$~∗$a€ p ∆(v
𝑘= (25) noisy drawdown test. It is a robust diagnostic method that did
u Oj
•>U=u not suffer from noise and data scatter which is normally
observed in the standard pressure derivative analysis. The
Dimensionless time based on area can be calculated a solution technique involves using a pressure integral curve as
a.aabccdUtX the base curve for noisy drawdown analysis.
𝑡&” = (26)
–efQ =PQ gl i
The dimensionless pressure integral is defined as follows:
O
a.abcc∗$.}$~∗$a€ )Œ (Q pst ∆(v UtX
𝐺 = ∗ 10#š 𝑃&Y =
$ Uj“
𝑝& 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 (28)
fQ =PQ ŠQ (st Oj Uj“ •>U=u
•>U=u Uj“ a
(27)
where:
Advantages
du∆(
𝑃& = (29)
This analysis technique can easily detect different transient $}$.wO•f

flow regimes. When the dimensionless area based time (𝑡&” )

reached at 0.1, then transition from infinite acting to boundary Fundamentally, here the pressure integral indicates the
dominated flow occurs. cumulative average flowing pressure drop which follows a
smooth pattern. Thus, when the raw data contains any degree of

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 noise or scattered pattern, then it can work as an ideal base Field Outcomes
curve for the standard pressure derivative.
NPI Type curve analysis of KTL – 5 (Figure 6) gives EUR
The dimensionless pressure integral derivative is defined as =28.634 Bscf, OGIP= 35.792 Bscf, Permeability, k= 2.5108
mD. NPI type curve analysis shows that this well has interfered
follows: with KTL – 1 and the estimation of EUR and OGIP is similar
[(jQ to other analysis.
𝑝&Y[ = 𝑡&” = 𝑝& − 𝑝&Y (30)
[Uj“

Wattenbarger Type Curve Analysis

Below is a graph of the three dimensionless type curves (i.e.,
𝑝& , 𝑝&Y and 𝑝&Y[ ), representing the solution for a vertical well In some fractured gas reservoirs, extended period of linear flow
in the center of a bounded reservoir (circle). For gas wells the is observed, which extends to the drainage boundary of the well.
dimensionless pressure and dimensionless time are defined as Wattenbarger et al. [17] presented a new type curves to analyze
below.
du∆(v
the production data of these gas wells. A hydraulically fractured
𝑃& = (31) well in the center of a rectangular reservoir was considered and
$.}$~∗$a€ pO

the fracture is assumed to be extended to the boundaries of the

a.aabccdUtX
𝑡&” = (32) reservoir. The solution in case of constant rate production and
efQ =PQ gl i
Then permeability can be written as follows. closed reservoir is defined by the following equation:
$.}$~∗$a€ p œj – •l $ A‹ w
𝑘= ∆(v (33) 𝑃& = + 𝑡&AB −
u w A‹ c •l
O •>U=u
w •l ž $ A‹ w
n#$ ni 𝑒 −𝑛w 𝜋 w 𝑡&AB (35)
– i A‹ •l
a.abcc∗$.}$~∗$a€ )Œ (Q pst œj #š
𝐺 = ∆(v ∗ 10 (34)
fQ =PQ ŠQ (st
O •>U=u

Where dimensionless variables are defined as:

du (Q #(h‹
𝑃& = (36)
$}$.wO•f

a.aabccdU
𝑡&AB = (37)
ef=P A‹ i

The type curves based on this equation are shown below.

Wattenbarger et al. [15] showed that there are different type
¡
curves for different values of .
¢£

The solution for linear flow can be rewritten as:

A‹ – $ A‹ w
𝑃& = + 𝑡&C8 −
•l w c •l
w ž $ A‹ w
Figure 6: NPI Type curves for KTL-5 n#$ ni 𝑒 −𝑛w 𝜋 w 𝑡&C8 (38)
–i •l

Advantages

It can remove the scatter and noisy production data set and where:
maximize the strengths of integral and derivative. a.aabccdU A‹ w
𝑡&C8 = = 𝑡&AB (39)
ef=P •l i •l
Limitations
¡
It can dilute the signal getting from the reservoir and still the This equation shows that plotting [ 𝑃& ] against 𝑡&C8 gives
¢£
data can be noisy. only one curve for any rectangular geometry, rather than

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 A‹ boundaries of the reservoir. Since KTL – 5 does not have such
families of type curves with different values of . For gas
•l characteristics, this analysis is not favorable for this well,
•l
wells using the definition of 𝑞& we can write as follows. although it gave results similar to other analysis.
¤l
•l $.}$~∗$a€ p O •l
𝑞& = (40)
¤l du ∆(v ¤l Radial Model Forecast
and the dimensionless time is
a.aabccdUtX
𝑡&C8 = (41) Forecasting is defined as the estimation of future production
ef=P •l i
O
behavior depending on the pertinent data available for the
}∗a.abcc∗$.}$~∗$a€ p ∆(v )ŒQ analysis. Decline curve analysis can work as a forecasting
𝐺 = ¥ ∗ ∗ 10#š (42)
f=P Oj l •ŒQ technique. After the rate-time data are history matched with an
¦l •>U=u
appropriate type curve, then a forecast is made [7]. As we can
observe from the radial model analysis (Figure 8) that the
production pressure is decreasing with time and if it decreases
with the same pace then the well will be stopped production
within a few years. If we can increase the pressure by choosing
a few methods of pressure enhancement, then it will produce
for a longer period of time.

Figure 7: Wattenbarger Type curves for KTL-5

Advantages

Normalized rate and inverse semi log derivative curves are used
which gives relatively reliable result. This technique is more
effective for linear flow. It can estimate original oil or gas in
place, fracture half-length and permeability of the reservoir.
Limitations
The data is sometimes misjudged because it depends on the
change of operational conditions such as choke size, clean up
etc.
Field Outcomes
Wattenbarger type curve analysis of KTL – 5 (Figure 7) gives
EUR =26.893 Bscf, OGIP =33.616 Bscf. Long linear flow has
been observed in many gas wells. Sometimes decline curves for
tight gas wells indicate that linear flow may last for over 10 or
20 years [17]. These wells are usually in very tight gas
reservoirs with hydraulic fractures designed to extend to or
nearly to the drainage boundary of the well. It is assumed a
hydraulically fractured well in the center of a rectangular
reservoir. The fracture is assumed to be extended to the
Figure 8: Radial Model Production Forecast for KTL-5
A radial model is considered as a homogeneous rectangular
reservoir model which consist a vertical well anywhere in the
reservoir. It is an analytical model which uses the method of
images and Green’s function to determine a fully integrated
wellbore pressure history of transient, transition and boundary-
dominated flow period. Reservoir properties are estimated
using Blasingame analysis equation (22), (23), and (24) which
is also considered for vertical well. The total skin factor is
calculated below
𝑟98 = 𝑟9 𝑒 #) (43)
The developed model (Figure 9) incorporates storage and skin
effects. The dimension of the reservoir can be set to any value
greater than zero and the location of the well may be set
anywhere in the reservoir boundaries. As it is a gas reservoir,
pseudo-time is used here to accommodate changing properties
of the fluid with respect to pressure.

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Figure 9: Radial Model History Match for KTL-5
CONCLUSION
As the production data are readily available from industry
databases, the solution for the combined method of decline
curve and type curve analysis can result an effective method for
estimating the reserves and reservoir parameters. These types
of production data analysis should not be ignored as it can be
considered as a ready mate and cost effective technique. A new
set of production decline curve and type curves along with their
associated derivative type curves have been developed.
Kailastila well KTL-5 is a gas producing well, which have an
interference effect with well KTL-1. The resultant negative skin
indicates flow enhancement near the wellbore. Blasingame and
radial model analysis given the identical parameter values. This
technique provides a practical tool to field engineers for
estimating the expected ultimate recovery of gas or oil in place
as well as other reservoir properties. This technique can be
extended for other reservoir models such as horizontal or
naturally fractured reservoirs.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to thank Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Research
& Development Corporation of Newfoundland and Labrador
(RDC), funding no. 210992; and Statoil Canada Ltd., funding
no. 211162 for providing financial support to accomplish this
research under Statoil Chair in Reservoir Engineering at the
Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL,
Canada. The authors would also like to thank Petrobangla for
providing the required data for the analysis.
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